Suppression of Thyroid Radioiodine Uptake by Various Doses of Stable Iodide

Abstract

We studied the effect of various doses of sodium iodide on thyroid radioiodine uptake in euthyroid volunteers by giving single doses of 10, 30, 50, and 100 mg and then daily doses of 10, 15, 30, 50, or 100 mg for 12 days thereafter. All single doses above 10 mg suppressed 24-hour thyroid uptake of ¹²³I to 0.7 to 1.5 per cent. Continued daily administration of 15 mg of iodide or more resulted in values consistently below 2 per cent.

A small but statistically significant fall in serum thyroxine (T₄) and triiodothyronine (T₃) and a rise in serum thyrotropin (TSH) concentrations were observed after eight and 12 days of iodide treatment. These data suggest that the thyroid uptake of radio-active iodine can be markedly suppressed by single-dose administration of 30 mg of stable iodide and that suppression can be maintained with daily doses of at least 15 mg. This study provides guidelines for stable iodide prophylaxis in the event of exposure to radio-active iodine. (N Engl J Med. 1980; 303:1083–8.)