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Review ArticleDrug Therapy

Pharmacogenomics — Drug Disposition, Drug Targets, and Side Effects

List of authors.
  • William E. Evans, Pharm.D.,
  • and Howard L. McLeod, Pharm.D.

It is well recognized that different patients respond in different ways to the same medication. These differences are often greater among members of a population than they are within the same person at different times (or between monozygotic twins).1 The existence of large population differences with small intrapatient variability is consistent with inheritance as a determinant of drug response; it is estimated that genetics can account for 20 to 95 percent of variability in drug disposition and effects.2 Although many nongenetic factors influence the effects of medications, including age, organ function, concomitant therapy, drug interactions, and the nature of the . . .

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Funding and Disclosures

Supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R37 CA36401, R01 CA78224, U01 GM61393, U01 GM61394, and U01 GM63340), Cancer Center support grants (CA21765 and CA091842), a Center of Excellence grant from the State of Tennessee, a grant from the Siteman Cancer Center, and a grant from American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities.

Dr. Evans became a member of the Clinical Genomics Advisory Board of Merck and a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for Signature Genetics and Gentris after this review was written, and he was formerly a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of PPGX. He currently serves as a consultant to Bristol-Myers Squibb. He holds no equity positions in any of these companies. Dr. Evans's laboratory is supported by National Institutes of Health grants. He receives no research support from public or private companies. Dr. McLeod's laboratory is supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, as well as by research grants from Novartis Pharmaceuticals and Ortho Clinical Diagnostics for projects that do not overlap directly or indirectly with the contents of this article.

Author Affiliations

From St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the University of Tennessee Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Memphis (W.E.E.); and Washington University Medical School, St. Louis (H.L.M.).

Address reprint requests to Dr. Evans at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale St., Memphis, TN 38101-0318, or at .

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