Standard treatment for GVHD is glucocorticoids, but for glucocorticoid-refractory GVHD, no intervention has emerged as standard second-line treatment. This trial with 329 patients compared ruxolitinib with control (chosen from among 10 possible therapies) in patients with glucocorticoid-refractory chronic GVHD. Response at week 24 was 50% with ruxolitinib as compared with 26% with control therapy.

This randomized trial of the BNT162b2 vaccine involved 2260 adolescents 12 to 15 years of age. Similar levels of antibody to SARS-CoV-2 were elicited in the 12-to-15-year-old participants and in 16-to-25-year-old participants in a parallel trial. Among participants with no evidence of previous infection, no cases of Covid-19 were diagnosed in vaccine recipients, as compared with 16 cases in placebo recipients.

In this study, investigators measured immune responses in 20 participants who had received either one or two doses of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine and in 5 who had received placebo. A high level of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was maintained for at least 8 months after single-dose injection, with a median decrease by a factor of 1.8 in the titer.

Health care workers who had received a dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 were offered a choice of receiving either ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or mRNA-1273 9 to 12 weeks after the initial dose. Levels of S-specific and RBD-specific IgG increased by a factor of 5 after a ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 boost and by a factor of 115 to 125 after an mRNA-1273 boost.

A 33-year-old pregnant woman with ulcerative colitis presented at 10 weeks of gestation with fever, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and headache. On hospital day 3, the systolic blood pressure declined to 70 mm Hg. Three weeks earlier, the patient had had an ulcerative colitis flare; methylprednisolone and mesalamine were administered. What is the diagnosis?

Pharmacologic inhibition of both the immune-checkpoint molecule PD-L1 and vascular endothelial growth factor improves survival among persons with hepatocellular carcinoma. The success of this combination therapy may depend on the context in which hepatocellular carcinoma arises.

Hematuria comes in two main varieties: gross and microscopic. A wide range of ailments can lead to hematuria, and the central task is to rule out life-threatening disease, mainly cancer. This article suggests a useful diagnostic approach.