In this study, 2499 HIV-seronegative men or transgender women who were at high risk for HIV acquisition were enrolled in a trial of daily emtricitabine plus tenofovir versus placebo. Those receiving the antiretroviral medication had a 44% reduction in HIV incidence.

Survival in chronic granulomatous disease is related to the level of NADPH oxidase activity, which correlates with the altered site on the mutated gene. Assessed NADPH oxidase activity is a more powerful prognostic factor than reported clinical features of the disease.

In this trial, an intervention involving a medically supervised nurse providing guideline-based management, as compared with usual care, resulted in improved medical outcomes in patients who had depression and diabetes, coronary heart disease, or both.

Two deer hunters presented with a violaceous nodule on a finger several weeks after field-dressing white-tailed deer. Electron microscopy revealed ovoid virions suggestive of parapoxvirus. DNA sequence analysis indicated that the causative agent was a unique parapoxvirus.

In a man with a BUB1B mutation, multiple gastrointestinal polyps and gastric and colonic aneuploid neoplasms developed. Abnormalities affecting the spindle-assembly checkpoint, which ensures that each daughter cell of a cell division contains the correct number of chromosomes, may contribute to common types of cancer.