In the Occluded Artery Trial (OAT), 2166 patients who had myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation 3 to 28 days before enrollment and an occluded infarct-related coronary artery were randomly assigned to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or medical therapy. At 4 years, the estimated rate of death, reinfarction, or class IV heart failure was 17.2% with PCI and 15.6% with medical therapy. These findings suggest that PCI should not be performed to open an occluded infarct-related artery after the currently accepted period for myocardial salvage has passed.

The constitutively active BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase is the cause of chronic myeloid leukemia. Imatinib is the first small synthetic molecular inhibitor of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase with clinical activity in chronic-phase myeloid leukemia. This 5-year follow-up of patients with the disease who began continuous treatment with imatinib reports that the drug can induce durable hematologic and cytogenetic responses in a high proportion of patients.

In this study, six patients received a diagnosis of antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis and were negative for Clostridium difficile; five were positive for K. oxytoca. In a rat model, treatment with amoxicillin–clavulanate plus inoculation with K. oxytoca resulted in hemorrhagic colitis, showing that K. oxytoca can cause antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis.

This double-blind, randomized, controlled trial evaluated rosiglitazone, metformin, and glyburide as an initial treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. Rosiglitazone reduced the risk of treatment failure (the primary outcome) by 32% as compared with metformin and by 63% as compared with glyburide. The potential risks, benefits, and costs of these medications should all be considered to help inform the choice of pharmacotherapy for patients with type 2 diabetes.