Resistance to chloroquine is a major challenge in the treatment of falciparum malaria. In 1993, Malawi replaced chloroquine with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine for malaria treatment. After the return of chloroquine-susceptible falciparum malaria to Malawi, investigators studied the reemergent clinical efficacy of chloroquine and found that it was approximately 99% effective.

Induction therapy reduces the frequency of acute rejection and delayed graft function. In this study in patients at high risk for acute rejection or delayed graft function who received a cadaveric renal transplant induction therapy with rabbit antithymocyte globulin reduced the incidence and severity of acute rejection, but not the incidence of delayed graft function, as compared with a monoclonal interleukin-2 receptor antibody. Patient and graft survival were similar in the two groups.

In this sham-controlled trial of neurostimulation of the internal globus pallidus for primary dystonia, neurostimulation improved movement, disability, and quality-of-life scores. Adverse events were common; 18% of patients had infections at the stimulator site, seroma, or lead breakage or dislodgment, and 12% had dysarthria.

In the Nurses' Health Study, the risk of coronary heart disease during 20 years of follow-up was not increased among participants with the lowest levels of carbohydrate intake. It is not clear whether the findings apply to low-carbohydrate diets undertaken specifically to lose weight.