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March 11, 2004  Vol. 350 No. 11

Perspective
1071-1073

Gout is the only enemy that I do not wish to have at my feet.

— Reverend Sydney Smith, 1841

Gout, a disease that has been known since antiquity, is an acute, often recurrent arthritis mediated by the crystallization of uric acid within the joints and ...

1073-1075

Migraine is a chronic disease that affects 12 percent of the general population. In addition to severe, debilitating headache, patients with migraines may experience nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. Migraine remains one of the most ...

1075-1079

The epidemic of obesity has spawned a second epidemic — of bariatric surgery.

1079-1080

March 14, 2004, marks the 150th anniversary of the birth of Paul Ehrlich, one of the generation of pioneers who, during the 50 years that led up to World War I, laid the foundation of modern medicine. Pasteur, Röntgen, Curie, Koch, Freud, and Lister were ...

Original Articles
1081-1092

This large randomized trial compared the standard adjuvant treatment for early breast cancer in postmenopausal women, five years of therapy with tamoxifen (an inhibitor of the estrogen receptor), with two to three years of tamoxifen followed by therapy with exemestane, an aromatase inhibitor, for the balance of the five-year period. Disease-free survival was significantly better in the exemestane group than in the tamoxifen group.

1093-1103
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Purine-rich foods and protein intake have been proposed as risk factors for gout, and consumption of dairy products has been proposed as a protective factor. This study prospectively examined the relationship between purported dietary risk factors and the incidence of gout over a 12-year period among 47,150 men who did not have gout at base line; 730 new cases of gout were documented.

1104-1110

Calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) dilates cerebral and dural vessels and may contribute to migraine, since cranial CGRP levels have been shown to be elevated in patients with migraine. In this randomized, controlled trial, patients with migraine had a higher rate of response to the CGRP-receptor antagonist BIBN 4096 BS than to placebo (66 percent vs. 27 percent).

Clinical Practice
1111-1117

    A 30-year-old white woman has a 72-hour history of a pruritic rash on her arms and chest. This is the third episode of the rash this summer, and each episode began in the evening after she had spent less than 30 minutes by a swimming pool in the morning. She has no history of sensitivity to sunlight and is taking no medications. Both the rash and the pruritus are improving, but she still has discomfort. How should this woman be evaluated and treated?

    Review Article
    1118-1129

    This review article examines the structure and replication cycle of hepatitis B virus and discusses the natural history of primary infection, the mechanisms of clearance of the virus, and reasons for persistent infection. It concludes with a discussion of what we know about the virus and how it causes hepatitis and the implications for treatment.

    Images in Clinical Medicine
    1130

    A 48-year-old man presented with a six-month history of irritated mouth angles, irritated genital skin, and red, burning eyes. On physical examination, he had blepharoconjunctivitis (Panel A), angular stomatitis (Panel B), a bright red and atrophic tongue,...

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    An animal groomer presented with a chronic draining cyst in the web between the middle and ring fingers.

    Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital
    1131-1138

    A 28-year-old Moroccan man was admitted to the hospital because of a 10-day history of epigastric pain and a 2-day history of right-upper-quadrant pain and fever. On examination, there was right-upper-quadrant tenderness with guarding and rebound. Imaging studies disclosed a complex, cystic mass in or adjacent to the neck of the pancreas.

    Editorial
    1140-1142

    Since Sir George Beatson observed in 1896 that breast tumors in premenopausal women sometimes regressed after oophorectomy,1 numerous investigations have established that estrogen stimulates the growth of breast-cancer cells. Three newer strategies reduce ...

    Sounding Board
    1143-1147

      Data safety and monitoring boards are part of many clinical trials. This Sounding Board article addresses the ethical issues facing board members when they make a decision to stop a clinical trial early or to continue it in the face of evidence that one treatment is more effective than another.

      Correspondence
      1148-1150

      To the Editor: The data presented by Pickhardt and colleagues (Dec. 4 issue)1 on the accuracy of virtual colonoscopy are attractive, and to be sure, virtual colonoscopy is a promising diagnostic approach. However, the public and the community of ...

      1150-1152

      To the Editor: Ariyo et al. (Nov. 27 issue)1 show that Lp(a) lipoprotein is an important risk factor for stroke and death in elderly men. However, Lp(a) lipoprotein did not prove to be predictive of coronary artery disease, which is surprising for an ...

      1152-1155

      To the Editor: Wang et al. (Nov. 27 issue)1 review various conditions with ST-segment elevation, but they fail to mention a phenomenon often referred to as tako-tsubo–like left ventricular dysfunction,2 or transient left ventricular apical ballooning.3,4 ...

      1155
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      To the Editor: It is important to add the Canadian perspective to Zuger's discussion of Canadian drugs (Dec. 4 issue).1 The province of Manitoba is home to 40 percent of Internet pharmacies in Canada. With growth from nothing to sales of $400 million to $...

      1156

      To the Editor: The recommendation by Offit and Peter in their Sounding Board article (Dec. 11 issue)1 that clinicians and colleges actively inform parents about the benefits of meningococcal vaccine is a classic example of the “fallacy of the commons.” ...

      1156
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      To the Editor: In an Image in Clinical Medicine, Nosworthy (Nov. 27 issue)1 shows an electrocardiogram from a patient with hypokalemia and describes a prolonged QT interval. However, the corrected QT interval (QTc) of the electrocardiogram shown is ...

      1157-1159

      To the Editor: Inhaled corticosteroids are primary controllers of asthma, and they are safe if used in moderate doses.1 Myopathy is a known side effect of oral corticosteroid therapy,2 but it has so far not been linked to the use of inhaled ...

      Book Reviews
      1160-1161
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      The year 2003 marked not only the 50th anniversary of the discovery of the structure of DNA but also the 50th anniversary of the first description of invasive aspergillosis as an opportunistic infection. The publication of this report by Rankin in the ...

      1161-1162
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      Lung transplantation has assumed an important role in the therapeutic approach to selected patients with advanced lung disease, but the procedure remains plagued by numerous problems that limit its widespread applicability and constrain its outcomes. ...

      1162

      Cohn and Edmunds have edited exactly the kind of state-of-the-art textbook that is essential for practitioners and students of cardiac surgery. Such a book is needed because innovations in surgical technique and in strategies for the treatment of cardiac ...