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June 26, 2003  Vol. 348 No. 26

Perspective
2595-2596

The concept of the Mediterranean diet originated from the Seven Countries Study initiated by Ancel Keys in the 1950s. The study showed that, despite a high fat intake, the population of the island of Crete in Greece had very low rates of coronary heart ...

2597-2598

This is an exciting time for cancer therapeutics. The identification of promising molecular targets has led to the development of many exciting new drugs for which an antitumor mechanism of action has been clearly delineated. Given the recent major ...

Original Articles
2599-2608
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A Mediterranean diet (one that is high in vegetables, legumes, fruits and nuts, and fish and low in meat and high-fat dairy products and that includes moderate intake of alcohol) is believed to have health benefits. In this large prospective cohort study conducted in Greece, greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with a reduction in overall mortality, and specifically in mortality due to coronary disease or cancer, after adjustment for body-mass index, physical-activity level, and other potential confounders.

2609-2617

Bortezomib, a member of a novel class of boronic acid dipeptides with the ability to inhibit the proteasome, was tested in patients with multiple myeloma whose condition was refractory to conventional chemotherapy. The drug induced responses in 35 percent of patients and was relatively nontoxic.

2618-2625

The optimal approach to the treatment of patients who are discharged from the emergency room after an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is not known. This study compared the patients' usual medications and antibiotics with those medications plus 10 days of prednisone at a dose of 40 mg per day. Patients receiving the corticosteroid had fewer relapses and better lung function than those receiving placebo.

2626-2633

This study followed patients who underwent rapid defibrillation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with ventricular fibrillation through an early-response program in Olmsted County, Minnesota. The five-year survival among these patients was similar to that among age-, sex-, and disease-matched patients who had not had out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and the quality of life among the majority of survivors was similar to that of the general population.

Images in Clinical Medicine
2634
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A 29-year-old soldier on active duty in the Army who was involved in the forward combat zone of Afghanistan required emergency evaluation for a shrapnel wound to the chest. Chest radiography (Panel A) showed a metallic fragment (arrows) within the cardiac ...

Special Article
2635-2645

This national study of the quality of health care documents poor adherence to many recommended care practices. For example, participants did not receive 34 percent of the recommended immunizations, did not get 32 percent of the appropriate care for coronary artery disease (such as beta-blockers or aspirin after myocardial infarction), and did not get 55 percent of the recommended care for diabetes.

Review Articles
2646-2655

    This article summarizes the current understanding of the mechanisms of destruction in autoimmune thyroid disease. The authors explain the approach to the diagnosis and treatment of the most common types of thyroiditis, including Hashimoto's thyroiditis, painless postpartum thyroiditis, and painless sporadic thyroiditis. Thyroid dysfunction can also develop from treatment with medications such as amiodarone, lithium, interferon alfa, and interleukin-2.

    2656-2668

    The mitochondrial respiratory chain has the crucial function of supplying the cell with energy in the form of ATP. Mutations affecting this chain can arise in mitochondrial or nuclear DNA and cause diseases known as mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. Because the rules of inheritance of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA differ considerably, these brain–muscle syndromes often have unpredictable clinical and genetic features.

    Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital
    2669-2677

    Presentation of Case

    A nine-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of hepatosplenomegaly and pain in the thigh.

    The patient had been well until three years earlier, when she began to have frequent episodes of epistaxis. Two years before ...

    Editorials
    2679-2681

    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease that affects up to 24 million people in the United States and leads to substantial disability and death.1 Patients with COPD have about three acute exacerbations of their disease per year,2 ...

    2681-2683

    It has been 30 years since Wennberg and Gittelsohn published their landmark article demonstrating substantial variation among different geographic areas in the provision of medical services.1 Since then, investigators have found variation in the delivery ...

    Correspondence
    2684-2686

    To the Editor: The review by McGee and Gould entitled “Preventing Complications of Central Venous Catheterization” (March 20 issue)1 convincingly shows that there are substantial data from clinical studies to guide the performance of this important ...

    2687

    To the Editor: In some patients with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, Cools et al. (March 27 issue)1 detected a FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene that was associated with a dramatic response to imatinib mesylate. Along with the recent description of the “...

    2688-2689

    To the Editor: Contrary to the conclusion drawn by Foley in the accompanying editorial (March 27 issue),1 we believe that the excellent study by Rowbotham et al.2 actually proves that central neuropathic pain is clinically unresponsive to oral opioids, ...

    2689

    To the Editor: In the Images in Clinical Medicine entitled “Fatal Cerebral Hypoxemia after Cardiac Arrest” (Feb. 27 issue),1 the term “hypoxemia” is misused.2 How can hypoxemia be cerebral, when the term refers to oxygen levels in the blood? More ...

    2690-2691

    To the Editor: Rituximab targets CD20+ B cells. It is used increasingly for the treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, alone or in combination with cytotoxic agents.1,2 We report two patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in whom interstitial ...

    2691-2694

    To the Editor: Rituximab is effective in B-cell lymphomas either as a single agent or combined with chemotherapy. Its toxic effects are generally mild and transient.1,2 We report eight cases of acute and severe neutropenia that occurred 8 to 23 weeks ...

    Book Reviews
    2695-2696

    In How the Cows Turned Mad, Maxime Schwartz recounts the history of the prion diseases, or subacute spongiform encephalopathies, as if writing a mystery. Schwartz refers to all the prion diseases under one rubric, “The Disease,” as if a single criminal ...

    2696-2697

    Deceit and Denial chronicles the history of poisoning by environmental lead and vinyl chloride. Parts of the stories have been told before, but recent litigation has forced thousands of once-secret industry documents into the open, revealing long-...

    2697-2698

    In the developed countries, it is a commonly held belief that drinking water can be kept clean and safe with minimal effort and cost and that waterborne infectious disease is well understood, controlled, and a problem of the past. The common view is that ...