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December 27, 2001 Vol. 345 No. 26
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This study compared a noninvasive approach to the diagnosis of coronary disease, coronary magnetic resonance angiography, with standard invasive x-ray coronary angiography. Magnetic resonance angiography accurately detected proximal and mid-coronary stenoses, especially three-vessel and left main coronary artery disease. It was particularly effective in ruling out coronary disease.
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Patients with stiff-person syndrome, a disabling central nervous system disease with no effective therapy, are plagued by muscle rigidity and episodes of muscle spasm. Patients have high titers of antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD65), suggesting an autoimmune pathogenesis. In this study, 16 patients were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or intravenous immune globulin for three months, followed by a washout period and then three months of therapy with the other agent. Eleven of the 14 patients who completed the study had a marked improvement in their condition with active therapy.
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Almost 9700 men were tested for IgA antibodies against Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) capsid antigen and neutralizing antibodies against EBV DNase (both antibodies that are strongly associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma). The men were then followed for up to 16 years. Subjects with either or both types of antibody had a much higher risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma than seronegative subjects.
This Brief Report describes a patient with the rare syndrome of tumor-induced osteomalacia, which is accompanied by phosphaturia and hypophosphatemia. Renal phosphate wasting, presumably caused by phosphatonins, was abolished by octreotide, a synthetic somatostatin analogue, before successful surgical removal of a benign hemangiopericytoma.
Head and neck cancers include neoplasms of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. The risk of these cancers is strongly associated with smoking and alcohol ingestion. There have been important advances in understanding of the molecular pathogenesis and progression of head and neck cancer and also in approaches to therapy, which include innovations in surgery, radiation therapy, and cytotoxic-drug therapy.
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