Malaria causes serious complications in pregnant women,¹–⁵ especially in those who have a low level of acquired immunity before pregnancy. In these women, the rates of maternal mortality, stillbirth, and premature delivery are high. In areas where malaria ...

Osteoporotic fractures are widely recognized as a common and important cause of disability and death among postmenopausal women.¹,² Osteoporosis is less common in men,³ but approximately 25 to 30 percent of all hip fractures occur in men,⁴ and many men ...

The poor outcome of patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis has been well documented.¹–¹⁰ In view of the excellent results of aortic-valve replacement,²,¹¹–¹⁶ surgery is strongly recommended for these patients.¹⁷ In contrast, the management of ...

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy is a pain syndrome of unknown pathophysiology that affects the foot or the hand. The disorder may be caused by trauma or surgery or may develop spontaneously. Excruciating, burning pain and functional impairment are the most ...

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy, also known as the complex regional pain syndrome, is characterized by various combinations of sensory, autonomic, and motor disturbances that often follow trauma to a limb.¹,² Patients with this syndrome have pain and ...

Figure 1. A 30-year-old man with a mild respiratory tract infection reported having had intermittent abdominal bloating for more than 15 years. He had no other symptoms, he took no medications, and his family history was unremarkable. On examination, his ...

Classic studies of the factors that limit exercise revealed that exercise capacity is reduced at high altitudes¹ and in persons with cardiopulmonary disorders.² Because animal muscle deprived of oxygen rapidly fatigues and produces lactic acid,³ these ...

Presentation of Case

A 61-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of increasing exertional dyspnea.

The patient had been in excellent health until three months earlier, when he began to experience mild exertional dyspnea, with an occasional ...

Malarial infection during pregnancy is a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. In endemic areas, pregnant women are the main group of adults at risk for malaria. Although 40 percent of the world's population ...

Over the past 15 years, the increasing use of echocardiography has dramatically changed our understanding of the prevalence and progression of aortic-valve stenosis. Aortic stenosis may be due to rheumatic disease or to calcification of a congenitally ...

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy was first described by Mitchell, in 1864.¹ It has been difficult for clinicians to diagnose this disorder because it has many variations, often follows minor injury, and evolves and spreads over time.²,³ There are five main ...

To the Editor: In the abstract of their report on the cost effectiveness of early discharge after uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction, Newby et al. (March 16 issue)¹ conclude, “Hospitalization of patients with uncomplicated myocardial infarction ...

To the Editor: We would like to report additional data concerning the results of allogeneic stem-cell transplantation for myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia, which were recently summarized by Tefferi (April 27 issue).¹ Since our initial report,² we ...

To the Editor: We wonder why Ware and Matthay, in their review article on the acute respiratory distress syndrome (May 4 issue),¹ neglect to discuss the role of prone positioning in the treatment of this disease. Prone positioning has been shown to ...

To the Editor: Bartter's syndrome is a major cause of congenital salt wasting. As a consequence of abnormal salt reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop due to mutations in the luminal sodium–potassium-2–chloride cotransporter (antenatal ...

To the Editor: In their useful review of liver-enzyme elevations in asymptomatic patients, Pratt and Kaplan (April 27 issue)¹ do not mention liver-enzyme elevations due to occupationally associated hepatic injury, although toluene in glues and ...

To the Editor: Brennan (April 13 issue)¹ misrepresents several of the important messages of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report entitled “To Err is Human.”² He implies that the studies used by the IOM exaggerated the extent of preventable medical ...

To the Editor: We report a case of intentional riluzole poisoning in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

A 43-year-old woman with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis had been treated with riluzole for two years, during which she had lost 8 kg in ...

The thinking that distinguishes biology from other sciences originated in the 19th century with Darwin's appreciation that members of all species exhibit phenotypic variation. This led to the idea that change in external circumstances would favor some ...

Poised to cast the deciding vote in a Salisbury, Connecticut, election in 1843, “Levi S.” was charged with being a woman and therefore ineligible. A doctor found that Levi had a penis and therefore a vote. But later it was revealed that Levi also had a ...

Attempts to provide an intellectual framework for an understanding of minority health are challenged by the vast socioeconomic complexities that contribute to variations in health status. The Commonwealth Fund's survey provides that framework in a tightly ...

Prophylaxis against Opportunistic Infections in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Review Article, N Engl J Med 2000:342;1416-1429.. On page 1421, beginning on the first line of the right-hand column, the dose of the double-strength ...