Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a major cause of death in the United States.¹,² Studies of cardiac arrest in the nation's largest cities have shown dismal rates of survival to hospital discharge (less than 5 percent for cases of ventricular fibrillation ...

Sudden cardiac arrest remains a leading cause of death in the United States.¹ Defibrillation performed soon after the onset of cardiac arrest is the most important determinant of survival. As a result, efforts have been undertaken by the American Heart ...

The presence of metastatic tumor in the intrathoracic lymph nodes markedly worsens the prognosis of patients with resected non–small-cell lung cancer (which includes squamous-cell carcinoma, large-cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma). Despite the removal ...

Norwalk-like viruses, which are small (27 to 32 nm), round viruses that belong to the family Caliciviridae, cause 96 percent of the outbreaks of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis in the United States.¹–⁴ The degree to which infection with Norwalk-like ...

Opioids are important analgesic drugs,¹,² but they depress respiration and in particular the ventilatory response to hypoxia. Whether the effects of opioids on the ventilatory response to hypoxia are mediated peripherally or centrally is not known.³ ...

Figure 1. A 44-year-old man had had marked swelling of the terminal digits since early childhood. No other family members had this finding. The patient did not have cyanosis, was not limited in terms of physical activity, and had no history of cardiac ...

Robert Graves first identified the association of goiter, palpitations, and exophthalmos in 1835, although Caleb Parry had published details of a case 10 years earlier. The discovery of a thyroid-stimulating factor that was not thyrotropin in the serum of ...

Presentation of Case

A seven-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of the superior vena cava syndrome.

She had been in good health until the age of three years five months, when she had pain in her right upper arm of one week's duration. A ...

Each year cardiovascular disease claims the lives of more than 950,000 people in the United States. Of these deaths, a substantial proportion are due to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and only 2 to 5 percent of the 225,000 persons who have sudden cardiac ...

Lung cancer is a major health problem, and each year the overall rate of death from this tobacco-inflicted disease increases. In a few countries, including the United States, the death rate has decreased slightly, reflecting changing attitudes toward ...

The unprecedented spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) throughout the world has made the development of an effective AIDS vaccine one of the most urgent challenges facing biomedical science. The dissemination of the virus to more than 40 ...

To the Editor: In her editorial on patients' rights bills, Angell (June 1 issue)¹ overlooks several important positive features of managed-care systems. Most major managed-care organizations have devoted substantial resources to wellness-related ...

To the Editor: The patients described by Nortier et al. (June 8 issue)¹ took not only a Chinese herb but also dexfenfluramine, acetazolamide, amphetamines, theophylline, and deadly nightshade.²,³ The confounding factor of drug interactions was not ...

To the Editor: In his editorial on cancer and herbs, Kessler (June 8 issue)¹ criticizes the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994. This act provides the public with considerably more protection than the editorial reveals and was enacted ...

To the Editor: Post-polycythemic myeloid metaplasia is characterized by increasing splenomegaly, dacryocytes, anemia, extensive bone marrow fibrosis, and a leukoerythroblastic blood picture.¹ We describe a patient with post-polycythemic myeloid ...

To the Editor: Wong et al. (June 29 issue)¹ report an association between antibiotic treatment in children with acute diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli O157:H7 and the development of the hemolytic–uremic syndrome. In Chile, shigella species cause 30 ...

To the Editor: In their encouraging report of the use of a bovine hemoglobin solution, HBOC-201, to sustain life when red-cell transfusion was impossible, Mullon et al. (June 1 issue)¹ discuss the possible role of HBOC-201 in promoting an episode of ...

To the Editor: Parasitic infections remain scourges to people worldwide.¹ Increasing international travel and immigration from countries where parasitic infections are endemic ensure that clinicians in the United States will be required to treat patients ...

Equality in the workplace and equal access to leadership positions for women are issues that have stirred considerable debate among scientists during the past several decades. Despite affirmative action, several well-publicized cases of discrimination, ...

Seidler's extraordinary “memory book,” written both in German and in English, tells the story of Jewish pediatricians in the German Reich during the Nazi period, and includes biographical data on more than 750 Jewish German pediatricians of that era. ...

From biblical verses to Homer's “sharp sorrow of pain” to Sylvia Plath's “long, blind, doorless and windowless corridor of pain,” chroniclers, poets, and novelists have recounted the suffering of women in childbirth. Physicians, midwives, and others who ...