The link between hypothyroidism caused by iodine deficiency during pregnancy and mental retardation in the offspring has been recognized for nearly 100 years.¹ Iodine deficiency is associated with thyroid deficiency in both mother and fetus,² a situation ...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of chronic liver disease in the United States. Before the characterization of HCV,¹,² the magnitude of infection could not be reliably determined because assessment of clinical disease (i.e., non-A, non-...

Nutritional rickets causes considerable disability among children.¹ Though virtually eliminated from Europe and North America by the fortification of foods with vitamin D, nutritional rickets remains prevalent in many parts of the world, including Africa, ...

Despite the widespread use of standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), sudden death from cardiac causes outside the hospital remains the leading cause of death among adults in developed countries worldwide. To improve the efficacy of CPR, a method of ...

Figure 1. A 30-month-old girl had had progressive bowing of the legs since she began walking at the age of 11 months. She reported bilateral thigh pain. Physical examination revealed genu varum (Panel A) and enlarged wrists. A radiograph of the wrists ...

Heart failure is a major cause of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, resulting in more than 1 million hospitalizations per year, and is the most common hospital-discharge diagnosis among patients older than 65 years.¹ In recent years, much has been ...

Disseminated intravascular coagulation is characterized by the widespread activation of coagulation, which results in the intravascular formation of fibrin and ultimately thrombotic occlusion of small and midsize vessels.¹–³ Intravascular coagulation can ...

Presentation of Case

A 16-year-old boy presented to the hospital as an outpatient because of recurrent abdominal pain.

The patient had been well until the age of four years, when he began to have two or three bouts annually of mild, crampy abdominal pain ...

Thyroid deficiency during the latter two thirds of gestation and the first months after delivery can result in mental retardation and sometimes neurologic deficits. Whether thyroid hormone is needed during the first trimester is less certain. If it is, it ...

Rickets has been a childhood scourge for centuries. Before the Industrial Revolution in England it was a disease of the affluent, because their style of clothing and the fact that they spent most of their time indoors limited their exposure to sunlight. ...

A recent report by Bjornson et al.¹ of a study entitled, in part, “Turning Brain into Blood” challenges much of the dogma in the field of stem-cell research by claiming the existence of a common neurohematopoietic stem cell of potential value in clinical ...

To the Editor: D'Onofrio et al. (March 25 issue)¹ found that treatment with intravenous lorazepam is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of recurrent seizures related to alcohol. They studied patients with a history of chronic alcohol ...

To the Editor: In their trial of sustained-release bupropion, a nicotine patch, or both for smoking cessation (March 4 issue),¹ Jorenby et al. reach three conclusions. Their first conclusion — that bupropion is an effective treatment for nicotine ...

To the Editor: Cerebral malaria is seen mainly in children and nonimmune patients in African countries where infection with Plasmodium falciparum is endemic. Common symptoms are epileptic seizures, confusion, agitation, disorientation, and coma. ...

To the Editor: The informative review of preoperative pulmonary evaluation by Dr. Smetana (March 25 issue)¹ omitted any reference to sleep apnea and its complications in the postoperative setting. Sleep apnea is associated with an increased risk of acute ...

To the Editor: Having read the erudite review of eating disorders by Becker et al. (April 8 issue),¹ I would like to emphasize the major differences between postmenopausal osteoporosis and that associated with anorexia nervosa. The osteoporosis ...

To the Editor: Seven of the nine authors of the survey by Simon et al. on views of managed care (March 25 issue)¹ are affiliated with Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, according to the identifying information on the first page of the article. Readers not ...

To the Editor: We previously reported on paronychia in patients treated with indinavir and noted that the effects of indinavir on skin resembled the effects of retinoids on skin.¹ We recently observed another retinoid-like effect of indinavir on skin.

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Depressive disorders occur in the United States at a rate that is twice as high in women as in men, a finding that is echoed by data from other countries. The postpartum period is thought to be a time of high risk for the onset of mood disorders. For this ...

Without doubt, molecular biology has changed the way in which we study biology and the way in which we solve problems in therapeutics and medicine. At the close of the second millennium, the sequencing of the entire human genome is well under way. This ...

Increasing knowledge and technological sophistication have led to remarkable advances in the care of critically ill newborns. These advances have resulted in increased survival among such infants, even those with extremely low birth weights. Successful ...

A Comparison of Injections of Botulinum Toxin and Topical Nitroglycerin Ointment for the Treatment of Chronic Anal Fissure Original Article, N Engl J Med 1999:341;65-69.. On page 66, five lines from the bottom of the left-hand column, the sentence should ...

False False Positive Rates Correspondence, N Engl J Med 1999:341;131.. On page 131, Figure 1 was mislabeled. The corrected figure appears below. We regret the error.