Combination antiretroviral regimens effectively reduce levels of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA in the plasma and lymph nodes, improve immune function, and delay the progression of HIV disease.¹–⁵ The recent recognition that a long-lived reservoir ...

Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection with two nucleoside analogues plus a protease inhibitor is aimed at reducing plasma viral titers and keeping them below the detection limit and represents the current standard of ...

Aberrant crypt foci were described by Bird as lesions consisting of large, thick crypts in methylene blue–stained specimens of colon from mice treated with a carcinogen (azoxymethane).¹ Subsequently, they were identified in rat colon, appearing a few ...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) catalyzes the formation of angiotensin II from angiotensin I and the breakdown of bradykinin into inactive products.¹ ACE inhibitors are widely used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, and ...

In twin pregnancy with acardia, which occurs in about 1 in 35,000 deliveries, the heart and usually other organs fail to develop in one twin.¹ The acardiac (“recipient”) twin receives blood from the normal (“pump”) twin, and the blood is then returned to ...

Figure 1. A 53-year-old man had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–related lymphoma, which had been in remission since 1987; a CD4+ lymphocyte count of 510 cells per cubic millimeter; and an HIV RNA load of 5000 copies per milliliter. The addition of the ...

Figure 1. A 52-year-old man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was treated with zidovudine and lamivudine when his CD4+ lymphocyte count dropped to 105 cells per cubic millimeter and the viral load was 225,000 copies of HIV RNA per ...

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world. It is estimated that by the year 2000, 66.8 million people will be affected, of whom 6.7 million will be blind in both eyes.¹ Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy in which the axons of the ...

Presentation of Case

A 29-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of necrotizing lymphadenitis followed by the nephrotic syndrome.

The patient had been well until two months earlier, when axillary and inguinal lymphadenopathy developed, soon ...

The concept of induction therapy followed by maintenance therapy has its origins in the treatment of a number of infectious and neoplastic diseases. Highly potent but toxic and inconvenient treatment is given for several weeks or months to induce a rapid ...

Donna Shalala, secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, recently proposed regulations that would fundamentally change the way in which cadaveric livers for transplantation are allocated in the United States. Currently, livers are ...

To the Editor: According to your editorial (Aug. 6 issue),¹ you want to replace the insurance-company capitalists with the commissars of the state-run health care system, the former's “immoral” profits with government budgets, and presto! we will have “...

To the Editor: Duhaime et al. (June 18 issue)¹ skirt the fact that there is no objective evidence that the entity called the “shaken-baby syndrome” exists. This is not just my opinion as a forensic pathologist with 30 years of experience but also the ...

To the Editor: Brizel et al. (June 18 issue)¹ conclude that hyperfractionated irradiation with concurrent chemotherapy “is more efficacious and not more toxic than hyperfractionated irradiation alone.” At three years, the estimated rate of overall ...

To the Editor: With respect to the recent controversy over clinical trials in developing countries, Lurie and Wolfe¹ criticized the ethics of study design, whereas Varmus and Satcher² asserted the validity and necessity of such studies. The issue of ...

To the Editor: With respect to the “Medical Mystery” Image in Clinical Medicine (Sept. 10 issue),¹ a review of the student's financial-aid package will probably not reveal a full scholarship. “Body packing” is a method of importing drugs through U.S. ...

The history of tuberculosis has been the subject of numerous books by academic historians, physicians, and even journalists during the past five years. Daniel's Captain of Death: The Story of Tuberculosis gives a fine introduction to the fascinating ...

Simon Leys recently wrote in the New York Review of Books, “When you come to think of it, between two doctors whose medical qualifications are otherwise equal, I believe I would rather trust the one who reads Chekhov” (“The Imitation of Our Lord Don ...

The most serious of all infections of the respiratory tract in terms of morbidity, mortality, and cost is pneumonia. It is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States, accounting for 600,000 hospital admissions and 64 million days of restricted ...

Throughout the history of modern medicine, knowledge of microbiology has underpinned our understanding of diseases and our strategies for treating them. The emergence of AIDS over the past 15 years has underlined the fact that infectious diseases remain a ...

The Effect of Nisoldipine as Compared with Enalapril on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes and Hypertension Original Article, N Engl J Med 1998:338;645-652.. On page 645, the last two lines of the Results paragraph of ...