A full-term pregnancy increases a woman's short-term risk of breast cancer, possibly as a result of the growth-enhancing properties of pregnancy-induced estrogen secretion. By contrast, such a pregnancy decreases the long-term risk of breast cancer, ...

Plasmodium falciparum malaria causes more than 2 million deaths annually,¹ and there is currently no effective vaccine to prevent it. The bite of an infected anopheles mosquito introduces sporozoites into the microvasculature, which are carried to the ...

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was introduced by Grüntzig et al.¹ in 1977 as a less invasive alternative to coronary-artery bypass surgery. Several randomized clinical trials of angioplasty and bypass surgery have compared the clinical ...

There was an outbreak of gastroenteritis and fever among the people who ate at a picnic at a Holstein cow show in Elizabeth, Illinois, on July 9, 1994. Complaints about the taste and quality of commercial pasteurized chocolate milk consumed at the picnic ...

In 1945 Gamble et al.¹ and Darrow² reported on two infants with severe congenital diarrhea, in back-to-back articles with identical titles. Both infants had very high stool chloride concentrations, low urinary chloride excretion, hypochloremia, metabolic ...

Figure 1. An intact bullous lesion was found on the leg of an 84-year-old woman who had a three-day history of itching and blister formation on her thighs, arms, and legs. The remainder of the examination was unremarkable, and the results of routine ...

Primary pulmonary hypertension is a condition characterized by sustained elevations of pulmonary-artery pressure without a demonstrable cause. The diagnostic criteria used in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) registry¹ include a mean pulmonary-...

Presentation of Case

A 23-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of fulminant hepatorenal failure.

The patient had been well until three years earlier, when vague abdominal discomfort developed. Laboratory tests were performed elsewhere. The ...

In this issue of the Journal, ¹ Melbye et al. present substantial epidemiologic evidence that induced abortions do not affect a woman's risk of having breast cancer. In a linkage study, they compared the abortion histories of women with and without breast ...

Malaria was eliminated from many temperate-zone countries in the 1940s, and in the next decade its prevalence was drastically reduced in several tropical countries. However, in recent years, this infection has undergone a resurgence in most tropical ...

The evidence that Listeria monocytogenes can be a dangerous food-borne pathogen continues to accumulate. In this issue of the Journal, Dalton et al.¹ provide evidence that this uncommon organism can be a cause of food poisoning. For most food-borne ...

To the Editor: Morgan et al. (Aug. 1 issue)¹ report on age-specific reference ranges for serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in black men. Their analysis is based on the distribution of serum PSA levels in a large population of blacks and whites both ...

To the Editor: The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) investigators (July 25 issue)¹ reported the five-year clinical results of a trial comparing coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) with percutaneous transluminal coronary ...

To the Editor: Ritonavir (Norvir, Abbott Laboratories), a protease inhibitor used to treat people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, reportedly has no adverse effects on renal function.¹,² We describe a patient in whom acute renal failure ...

To the Editor: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encodes a protease needed for the production of infectious virions. Current therapeutic strategies employ new types of inhibitors of this protease.¹ Their side effects are relatively minor, and the ...

To the Editor: With respect to the Sounding Board article “Physical and Emotional Problems of Elite Female Gymnasts” (July 25 issue)¹: I was a gymnast from the age of 13 to the age of 20. I also worked out 30 to 40 hours per week and competed on the ...

Editing a comprehensive textbook on neurosurgery is a daunting task. The second edition of the work by Wilkins and Rengachary and the new textbook by Tindall, Cooper, and Barrow represent excellent efforts. The introduction to Wilkins and Rengachary's ...

Anyone interested in surgery or drama will enjoy this small, highly readable book. The author, not surprisingly a surgeon, has assembled accounts of operations that represented major breakthroughs (e.g., the first ovariotomy, the first gastrectomy, and ...

Since Broca's early attempts to correlate changes in speech and language with injury to specific regions of the left hemisphere, aphasia has been the flagship syndrome of behavioral neurology. This is the case partly because no other changes in higher ...

Maladies of the foot and ankle are increasingly frequent as people become more active physically and more active later in life. As a result, there has been renewed emphasis on gaining further knowledge and understanding of the physiology and ...

Comparison of Coronary Bypass Surgery with Angioplasty in Patients with Multivessel Disease Original Article, N Engl J Med 1996:335;217-225.. On page 220, in Table 2, the values for “Wound dehiscence or infection” should have been as follows: CABG — 26 (...

Costs and Charges Associated with Three Alternative Techniques of Hysterectomy Special Article, N Engl J Med 1996:335;476-482.. On page 477, the sentence that begins in the fifth line of the left-hand column should have read, “Laparoscopically assisted ...

Since the demise of efforts to reform the national health care system in the fall of 1994, there have been few new initiatives to address the problems faced by the more than 40 million Americans who lack health insurance. Even state governments that were ...