The natural history and pathogenic processes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection are complex and variable, and they depend on a multitude of viral and host factors and their interactions.¹ Host factors may result in a variable ...

The typical course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection includes an acute clinical syndrome of variable severity, a prolonged period of clinical latency, and then a stage of clinically apparent disease characterized by increased susceptibility ...

Most patients with primary acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) enter complete remission after induction therapy.¹ The majority, however, relapse despite various types of consolidation and maintenance chemotherapy.²,³ Therefore, in adult patients less than 60 ...

In monozygotic twin pregnancies, embryonic splitting occurs within three days after fertilization in approximately one third of cases, resulting in two separate fetuses with independent placental circulations.¹,² Splitting after the third day is ...

Although disease develops within 10 years in most persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), some remain symptom-free for prolonged periods.¹,² Most long-term asymptomatic survivors of HIV-1 infection still have evidence of disease ...

Figure 1. Transmission electron microphotographs of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are shown. In Panel A, four viruses are shown budding from the surface of a cultured human lymphoma cell (×63,000). Like other enveloped viruses, HIV is unable to ...

Sexual assault is one of the fastest-growing violent crimes in the United States. In 1990, the Department of Justice reported that the annual incidence of sexual assault was 80 per 100,000 women, accounting for 7 percent of all violent crimes.¹ Although ...

Ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes are among the principal causes of death and disability in older people, although the incidence of such strokes is lower than in the past.¹,² Control of blood pressure, decreased cigarette smoking, and possibly altered ...

Presentation of Case

A 29-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and multiple splenic abscesses.

The patient was homosexual and had been found to have AIDS two and a half years earlier; at that ...

Infectious diseases can be extremely variable in their manifestations, but human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is notorious for its protean manifestations. One of these, the absence of any apparent progression of disease over a decade or more, is ...

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is characterized by both an increase in the number of white cells and arrest of their normal maturation and function, which causes anemia, granulocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The goal of treatment is to eliminate all ...

Financial conflicts of interest in a research setting can adversely affect patient care, teaching, and research. Discussions of these conflicts ordinarily focus on issues that arise when individual physicians and biomedical scientists conduct research in ...

To the Editor: Tinetti et al. (Sept. 29 issue)¹ demonstrated that assessment and intensive treatment of older patients reduces several risk factors for falls and decreases the risk of falling by 30 percent. They showed that a program of gait, balance, ...

To the Editor: In discussing the care of neuropathic ulcers, Caputo et al. (Sept. 29 issue)¹ claim that “topical iodine preparations, astringents, and hydrogen peroxide interfere with the healing of the wound,” and they cite two references to support ...

To the Editor: Brittenham et al. (Sept. 1 issue)¹ have shown that early treatment with deferoxamine in patients with thalassemia major can improve survival and reduce the prevalence of major complications of iron overload (such as cardiac impairment). ...

To the Editor: We report the case of a patient with AIDS who had bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia. Although this situation is recognized in other settings, physicians should be aware of the possibility in patients with AIDS.¹,²

A 30-...

To the Editor: Chronic diarrhea is being recognized with increasing frequency in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and it contributes to morbidity in this population. Up to 30 percent of patients with this problem have no ...

To the Editor: Dr. Robert Swift (Sept. 15 issue)¹ gives a very supportive account of Grinspoon and Bakalar's book Marihuana: The Forbidden Medicine.² Swift considers the book to present “cogent and convincing arguments for the legalization of marijuana.”

In Science and the Quiet Art, Sir David Weatherall, a major contributor to our knowledge of human genetics, takes his colleagues and the general public on a spectacular voyage through the history of medical research. Weatherall, a prolific writer and ...

The title of this book is initially confusing, in that it is not a history of genetics and medicine but, rather, a history of clinical genetics and the attitudes of the medical establishment toward what was then a new and mysterious field. Dr. Rushton ...

Over the past 10 years, mitochondrial biochemistry and genetics have emerged as a subdiscipline with a focal position in medicine. Abnormalities of the mitochondria are most often neurologic in nature, but the diseases they cause are often multifaceted ...

The 19th-century American physician John Shaw Billings (1838-1913) had a remarkable and wide-ranging career. It included work in medical bibliography, hospital administration, medical education, and public health. His accomplishments in these areas ...

Life without Estrogen Editorial, N Engl J Med 1994:331;1088-1089.. On page 1088, the sentence beginning in the 18th line from the bottom of the right-hand column should have stated that the patient was the product of a marriage between second cousins, not ...

Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital (Case 39-1994) Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital, N Engl J Med 1994:331;1143-1149.. On page 1146, the last sentence of the third full paragraph in the left-hand column should have read, “...