DELIVERY of infants before the completion of 37 weeks of gestation is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in the United States.¹ Current methods of identifying the women who will deliver before term rely on obstetrical history, ...

HEPATOCELLULAR carcinoma is a highly malignant tumor with an extremely poor prognosis and an estimated incidence of about 1 million cases per year worldwide.¹ Patients with cirrhosis of the liver have been identified as being at risk for hepatocellular ...

HEREDITARY nephrolithiasis occurs as a consequence of a number of conditions, including distal renal tubular acidosis, Bartter's syndrome, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency, hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency, xanthine oxidase ...

SEVERAL consistent results have emerged from five recent studies of the behavior and development of infants with iron-deficiency anemia, a condition that affects at least 20 to 25 percent of the world's babies.^{1 , 2} All five studies^{3 4 5 6 7} used careful ...

GLUCOSE (D-glucose) is an essential fuel for the brain and many other tissues. Five glucose-transporter proteins facilitate the diffusion of glucose across lipophilic plasma membranes.^{1 2 3} This process is saturable and stereospecific, but it is not ...

ACUTE leukemia after bone marrow transplantation for severe aplastic anemia is a rare event.^{1 , 2} In previous reports, such leukemia has been shown to originate in host cells.² We report the development of acute monoblastic leukemia in donor cells nine ...

RAPID weight loss, associated with the loss of body fat and skeletal-muscle mass, frequently accompanies short-term, self-limiting disease processes, such as infection and injury.^{1 , 2} Similar catabolic events are associated with other disorders, such as ...

Presentation of Case

A 60-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of progressive neurologic dysfunction and persistent elevation of the lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level.

The patient was well until 18 days earlier, when he experienced bilateral ...

Premature or preterm delivery of otherwise normal babies is a problem throughout the world, in both developed and developing countries. In the United States the incidence of preterm delivery has hovered around 7 to 9 percent for many years.^{1 , 2} Although ...

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common tumors in the world, with an estimated 500,000 to 1 million new cases a year. It is particularly common in certain regions of Asia and sub-Saharan Africa,¹ where the annual incidence ranges up to ...

Insulin-induced hypoglycemic coma is rapidly and dramatically reversed by the intravenous administration of glucose. This old observation attests to the efficient transfer of this lipid-insoluble sugar across the plasma membranes of the brain endothelial ...

To the Editor: We were duly impressed with the detailed virologic studies by Clark et al. and Daar et al. (April 4 issue)^{1 , 2} documenting high levels of cytopathic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1 ) in peripheral-blood mononuclear cells and ...

To the Editor: In the report of the recent European controlled trial of inhaled pentamidine for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), Hirschel and colleagues (April 18 issue)¹ state that it appears that prophylaxis against PCP may be ...

To the Editor: Both dapsone (25 mg by mouth four times a day) and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (160 mg of the former and 800 mg of the latter by mouth twice a day) are highly effective in preventing PCP in patients with HIV infection¹ (and Metroka CE, ...

To the Editor: In his review on Helicobacter pylori (April 11 issue),¹ Peterson states that "the gold standard for the detection of H. pylori in tissue is a combination of culture and histologic staining of mucosal-biospy specimens obtained by endoscopy."...

To the Editor: Inordinate time demands, fatigue, and sleep deprivation are important and undesirable stress factors during residency training, which are frequently responsible for impaired efficiency and performance.^{1 , 2}

In our hospital, residents ...

To the Editor: Schwartz and Mendelson recently concluded that further reductions in hospital use and costs would be difficult, particularly in the private sector (April 11 issue).¹ However, several lines of evidence suggest that there is still ...

To the Editor: The first thing that strikes a physician from the developing world when he or she visits a hospital in the United States is the tremendous amount of unnecessary waste of materials.

For example, unused disposable medical equipment, such as ...

To the Editor: A picture is worth a thousand words. Judging by the ubiquitous use of slides and overhead projections at scientific meetings, continuing-medical-education courses, and the like, this aphorism has been embraced by the medical profession. ...

Employers have historically limited women's access to traditionally male, high-paying jobs.¹ In one famous case early in this century, the U.S. Supreme Court upheld an Oregon law that forbade hiring women for jobs that required more than 10 hours of work ...

Surgeons probably spend more time than many using the left side of the brain, visualizing structures, imagining ways to tackle a problem, stacking the various layers of anatomy into a coherent whole that brings clarity to a potpourri of viscera, or simply ...

This textbook has been edited by physicians who are on the staff of the Maryland Institute for Emergency Medical Services Systems. The three editors are a cardiothoracic surgeon, a traumatologist, and a physician who is expert in emergency room medicine. ...

Has the field of sports medicine truly become more comprehensive? The first book reviewed here, Grana and Kalenak's Clinical Sports Medicine, is dedicated to Dr. Don O'Donoghue's 1962 classic Treatment of Injuries to Athletes (Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders)...

It is estimated that since 1970, when coronary-artery bypass—graft surgery became widely accepted, more than 3 million patients have had a bypass operation in the United States alone. This slim but informative book on the sequelae of coronary-artery ...

This ambitious book attempts to present every facet of the organization of surgical research to students or surgical residents early in their careers in investigation. The editors and contributors include many of the best surgeons and scientists in the ...

The second edition of this book provides an up-to-date, interdisciplinary survey of the diagnosis and management of focal nerve lesions. A collaborative effort by two neurologists and an orthopedic surgeon, it is an excellent source of clinical ...

Written and produced by three senior classmates from Harvard Medical School, this half-hour videotape provides a "nuts and bolts" introduction to the withdrawal of venous and arterial blood and the placement of an indwelling intravenous catheter. The film ...

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CALL FOR PRESENTATIONS

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The Influence of a Family History of Asthma and Parental Smoking on Airway Responsiveness in Early Infancy (April 25, 1991; 324:1168–73). On page 1171, in Figure 4, the units for log maternal venous IgE levels should be multiplied by 10³.

Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs — Differences and Similarities (June 13, 1991; 324:1716–25). On page 1720, in the right-hand column, the sentence that begins in the 16th line should have read, "A recent study suggested that the deterioration of joints ...

These guidelines are in accordance with the "Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals." (The complete document appears in the February 9, 1991, issue of the British Medical Journal and the February 7, 1991, issue of the New ...