EXOGENOUS pulmonary surfactants have been administered into the trachea both to prevent and to treat the respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants. Randomized clinical trials of surfactant-replacement therapy^{1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14} have ...

TRISOMY 21 is the most common chromosomal abnormality among children and the most common genetic cause of mental retardation. Since the early 1970s, inherited morphologic variations of the short arms of chromosomes seen in karyotypes (i.e., chromosomal ...

AHISTOLOGIC hallmark of polymyositis and inclusion-body myositis is the invasion of nonnecrotic muscle fibers by autoaggressive CD8+ cytotoxic T cells.¹ The vast majority of CD8+ cells use the common α/β T-cell receptor for the recognition of antigen.^{2 , ...}

DIETARY cholesterol increases the plasma level of total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and accelerates the development of atherosclerosis and its complications, but individual responses to a given change in the dietary cholesterol level ...

The practice of medicine in the United States is imbued with the principle that patients have the right of self-determination.^{1 , 2} The most supreme exercise of this right occurs when patients consent to life-sustaining treatments or refuse them.³ ...

THE use of life-sustaining medical interventions is often an issue when patients are no longer competent to participate in decisions about their care. Since treatment decisions in these situations may be morally charged,¹ costly,² contested,³ and counter ...

Presentation of Case

A 63-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of a diagnosis of pneumonia of the right lower lobe, complicated by coronary artery disease, pulmonary edema, and cardiac arrest with ventricular fibrillation, trachel ...

SURFACTANT-REPLACEMENT therapy for premature infants born with inadequate stores of pulmonary surfactants is here to stay. A growing number of prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trials testify to both the efficacy and safety of the tracheal ...

IN the 1967 film Cool Hand Luke, the character played by Paul Newman jumps to the top of the prison-camp pecking order by winning a bet to eat 50 eggs in an hour. But in the annals of cholesterol consumption, perhaps he is not as remarkable as the 88-year-...

COVERAGE of motor racing in the mass media has grown dramatically in recent years. Hardly a day now goes by in the United States without a nationally televised automobile, motorcycle, "monster truck," or powerboat race on either a major network or a cable ...

ALTHOUGH tobacco was first used in Central and South America in religious ceremonies, it was the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World and the subsequent exportation of tobacco to Europe that led to widespread smoking.¹ Thus, there has been a ...

To the Editor: Only the prestigious New England Journal of Medicine, the journal of the Massachusetts Medical Society (edited by Arnold S. Relman), would — incredibly — allow the publication of an editorial by its Editor (Oct. 4 issue)* promoting the ...

To the Editor: A national campaign to lower serum cholesterol concentrations on a population-wide basis began approximately six years ago, when accumulating evidence showed convincingly that cholesterol reduction prevents heart attacks. However, ...

To the Editor: In discussing in his editorial the "opposite results" of the trials of beta carotene and isotretinoin in cancer prevention, Meyskens (Sept. 20 issue)¹ neglects to point out one simple difference. In clinical trials of normal dietary ...

To the Editor: While reanalyzing the data from Bale et al.* for a genetic-analysis workshop, we found an error in the reported lod scores for PND (pronatrodilatin), a reference gene, versus melanoma-dysplastic nevus in Family 928. The error was caused by ...

To the Editor: Rothman and Tynan's discussion of special hospitals for persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was cogent and timely (Sept. 13 issue).* Physicians in areas with a high prevalence of HIV, particularly those in training,...

To the Editor: Despite the global spread of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum over the past 30 years,¹ chloroquine has remained effective for treatment and chemoprophylaxis against the other three plasmodium species affecting humans. A recent ...

To the Editor: The letter by Dr. Weintraub, entitled "High-Impact Aerobic Exercises and Vertigo — A Possible Cause of Bilateral Vestibulopathy" (Dec. 6 issue),¹ presented five cases of auditory vestibular dysfunction in persons participating in high-...

To the Editor: Bowling is an extremely popular sport in North America that has not frequently been associated with nervous system damage. We report a case of brachial plexopathy occurring in a previously healthy 26-year-old man after an evening of ...

The developing brain of the child is subject to rapid changes that can be visualized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Precise anatomical localization is important in evaluating a variety of conditions affecting children. The authors of this book are ...

This work is an atlas of normal cross-sectional anatomy of the head, neck, and spine as it relates to imaging studies with CT and MRI. In the current edition, the imaging studies have been updated and additional material on the brain stem, the developing ...

This book is a compendium updating and explaining the editors' previous book, published in 1984. All but two of the authors are radiologists, many of them well known for their writings on CT and MRI of the genitourinary tract.

The book contains 13 ...

This excellent book would be a valuable addition to the library of any cardiologist, cardiac radiologist, cardiac pathologist, or cardiac surgeon. Its title is an understatement of its contents. This is actually an extensive correlation of angiographic ...

Here is a superb work, a book of such scope and depth that those who perform obstetrical ultrasonography in 1991 will need few other references to diagnose congenital malformations. It includes an astonishing collection of artfully correlated ultrasound ...

To most North Americans who know his name at all, Chico Mendes is known as a brief star in the Amazon theater of global ecopolitics. This book explains his more complex position in the longer history of development and exploitation in Amazonia.

Mendes ...

Health Policy

Health Care Managers in Transition: Shifting roles and changing organizations. By Wendy Leebov and Gail Scott. 206 pp. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass, 1990. $26.95.

Innovations in Health Care Delivery: Insights for organization theory. By ...

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ETHICAL ISSUES IN HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY

The course will be offered in New Haven,...