MACROPHAGES stimulated by microorganisms or their toxins elaborate a variety of biologically active mediators known as cytokines.^{1 , 2} Cytokines, in turn, may induce many of the responses associated with gram-negative bacterial sepsis or endotoxemia.³ ...

FOR decades the clinical impression has been widespread that during decrements in the plasma glucose concentration, patients with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus may experience symptoms of hypoglycemia at higher glucose ...

ABNORMAL proliferation of vascular smooth–muscle cells is a key event in the formation of complicated atherosclerotic plaques in humans. Virchow recognized the importance of cell division in atherogenesis in the 1850s,¹ and the smooth-muscle origin of the ...

TREATMENT with cyclosporine is reported to result in better survival of renal transplants than treatment with azathioprine and prednisolone,^{1 2 3} but not if antithymocyte globulin is also used in the latter regimen.^{4 5 6} The main side effect of ...

WHO lacks access to medical care in the United States? Recent discussions of this subject have emphasized the need to provide catastrophic-illness coverage to the Medicare population^{1 2 3 4 5} and to develop initiatives to meet the health care needs of the ...

We pay dearly for the possession of the intricate machinery which gives us our vivid imagination, our retentive memory, and that power by which we are able to grasp at each moment all the threads of our past experience and to weave them into a new fabric ...

ONE decade after the Food and Drug Administration approved the plasminogen activators streptokinase and urokinase, thrombolytic therapy is no longer a novel approach to the treatment of thrombotic disease. Originally recommended for the treatment of ...

DEFICIENCY of ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC, or ornithine carbamoyltransferase [EC 2.1.3.3]), a urea-cycle enzyme located in the mitochondrial matrix, is one of the most frequently inherited causes of ammonia intoxication, with inheritance following an ...

Presentation of Case

A 58-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of recurrent confusional episodes.

She was well until four years earlier, when she began to experience occasional episodes of confusion during which she was unable to perform or ...

When immune cells are stimulated in a variety of ways, they release soluble proteins called cytokines. Because of their far-reaching effects on many different types of cells and tissues, cytokines can be considered hormones. Among the cytokines, ...

THE United States spends more on medical care — both in absolute terms and as a percentage of its gross national product — than any other industrialized nation. American medical care is unsurpassed in technological sophistication, but its costs are very ...

To the Editor: Tordjman and colleagues (Dec. 17 issue)¹ reported a well-designed investigation of the effects of nocturnal hypoglycemia on fasting plasma glucose concentrations in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Their data, as ...

To the Editor: In response to specific microbial antigens, T cells from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and opportunistic infections fail to secrete interferon gamma,¹ a lymphokine that enhances mononuclear phagocyte ...

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.

To the Editor: In their article on allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in children, Brochstein et al. (Dec. 24 issue)¹ comment that the conventional treatment with cyclophosphamide followed by total-body irradiation for cytoreduction before ...

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.

To the Editor: Livio et al. (Sept. 18, 1986, issue)¹ demonstrated the beneficial effect of conjugated-estrogen therapy in reversing platelet dysfunction in patients with uremia. The authors concluded that conjugated estrogens are an adequate alternative ...

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.

We have now gotten far enough into the 20th century to sense the manner in which developments in physics dominated the scientific and intellectual perception of the first half of this century and to note that developments in biology are playing that same ...

The influences preeminent in the origins and growth of the hospital system in this country between the mid-19th century and World War II provide the basis for this carefully written and comfortably readable history of the institutions that have dominant ...

This book is a collection of articles originally written for other books or journals on bioethics. Sixteen of the 63 articles are from the Hastings Center Report, indicating its emergence as a leading publication in bioethics. Only five articles were ...

During the past two centuries, there have been several accounts of periods in the history of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, founded in 1787. Previously, they have been presented by professional physicians who were amateur historians. Now, the ...

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.

This small and well-presented book is both a pleasure to examine and a humbling experience to read. It is made up entirely of fine English translations by Katherine Bick of three German and three Italian papers — Alzheimer's original, very brief ...

Surgery

Advances in Nd:YAG Laser Surgery. Edited by Stephen N. Joffe and Yanao Oguro. 368 pp., illustrated. New York, Springer-Verlag, 1988. $135.

Clinical Anesthesia Procedures of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Third edition. Edited by Leonard L. ...

PITTSBURGH SUPERCOMPUTING CENTER

A workshop entitled "Macromolecular Structure Refinement Workshop for Biomedical Researchers" will take place in Pittsburgh, Oct. 31 and Nov. 1. Deadline for submission of applications is Aug. 1.

Contact Cherolyn Brooks, ...

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.