Demographic surveys estimate that there are approximately 90 million births worldwide each year and 40 to 50 million abortions.¹ Thus, unfortunately, in the last quarter of the 20th century, abortion, with its risks and sequelae, is the most widely used ...

Reactivation of previous infection is believed to be the pathogenetic mechanism of chronic tuberculosis in adults in this country. But when the probability of tuberculous infection was much greater than it is now and before chest roentgenograms provided ...

Non-A, NON-B hepatitis is a common and important cause of liver disease and cirrhosis. It is the leading cause of post-transfusion hepatitis, and it accounts for 20 to 40 percent of cases of sporadic hepatitis.^{1 2 3 4 5} Non-A, non-B hepatitis has a marked ...

Hereditary spherocytosis is the most common inherited anemia affecting persons of northern European ancestry, and it has intrigued clinicians and investigators for decades.¹ The increased sensitivity of the erythrocytes in spherocytosis to hypotonic lysis ...

HEMOPHILUS influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine was licensed in the United States in April 1985. In a field trial in Finland, the vaccine was 90 percent effective in preventing disease in children immunized between 24 and 71 months of age.^{1 , 2} It ...

Cholera is the most feared of the diarrheal diseases because copious losses of stool can lead to fatal hypovolemic shock within a few hours.¹ The watery stool in cholera is isotonic and contains about 50 mmol of bicarbonate per liter,² the loss of which ...

Presentation of Case

A 73-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of dyspnea.

She was apparently well until 10 or more years earlier, when arthralgia developed. Seven months before admission a corticosteroid was administered because of ...

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.

Progesterone is a unique reproductive hormone.

In women who are not pregnant, it is the chief secretory product and principal biochemical marker of the corpus luteum — itself a curious endocrine organ, which is programmed for demise within a fortnight ...

Most people would agree that the health care system in wealthy, technically advanced countries like the United States and Canada ought to have as its primary objective access of all citizens to adequate, mainstream care, at a cost the national economy can ...

To the Editor: Antiviral therapy against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), can be assessed by clinical, immunologic, and virologic measures.¹ The use of retroviral isolation from ...

To the Editor: Investigators have suspected that deficiencies in the expression of la antigen may explain the observed defects in antigen presentation in patients with AIDS.^{1 2 3} However, our experiments involving one type of antigen-presenting cell, the ...

To the Editor: Escherichia coli 0157:H7 is the causative organism of hemorrhagic colitis and is one of the agents associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome.^{1 2 3 4 5} Although hamburger has been implicated as the source of E. coli 0157:H7,^{1 , 3 , 6 , 7} ...

To the Editor: The Heimlich maneuver¹ is a lifesaving technique used to remove a foreign body obstructing the upper airway. The more serious reported complications have been pneumomediastinum,² ruptured stomach,³ thrombosis of an abdominal aortic ...

To the Editor: Cromolyn sodium inhalation is an effective means of therapy in the management of irritable-airways disease.¹ Adverse reactions are not life-threatening and are usually mild and reversible.² Lactose intolerance has not been described as a ...

To the Editor: The pineal hormone melatonin, owing to the direct suppressant¹ and entraining² effects exerted on its production by light, is secreted in a circadian fashion, so that there are low levels during the day and high levels at night. This ...

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.

To the Editor: Dysplastic nevi are markers for both familial and nonfamilial melanoma.^{1 2 3 4 5 6} We have proposed the following classification of kindreds with dysplastic nevi^{1 , 4 , 5}: Type A, sporadic dysplastic nevi without melanoma; Type B, familial ...

To the Editor: The marked elevation in mixed venous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO₂) found during cardiopulmonary resuscitation by Weil and coworkers (July 17 issue)¹ is an intriguing new observation, and clearly requires further studies to ...

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.

This is the third book on clinical epidemiology published within five years. All aim to give the reader an understanding of the scientific and statistical reasoning essential for conducting clinical research and for applying published results to the ...

The second edition of this definitive reference work on nosocomial infections is a welcome update, with substantial improvements over the first (1979) edition. It should certainly become the standard reference for students of infection control in American ...

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.

This book makes a tremendous contribution to clinical work with alcoholics. Into the controversial world of alcoholism treatment the author has brought new light and insight. She has carefully developed a theoretical model of the cognitive transformations ...

The frequency of depression and suidical behavior among adolescents and young adults has risen dramatically over the past 25 years. Suicide is now the third leading cause of death among the young and represents a major loss to society in terms of human ...

Since the discovery in 1953 of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, there has been progressive interest in sleep disorders. Sixty to 70 types have been identified. Epidemiologic studies have shown that at least 10 percent of persons in all age decades suffer ...

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.

No extract is available for articles shorter than 400 words.

CALL FOR PAPERS

Applications are now being accepted by Harvard University for its Fellowships in Professional Ethics. The application deadline is Feb. 6.

Contact Dr. Valerie Abrahamsen, Program in Ethics and the Professions, Harvard Univ., 79 JFK St., ...

Canada and the United States, neighboring countries whose health care systems have gone their separate ways over the past decade, still share with other Western industrialized nations a major public-policy task: deciding how many physicians are enough. ...