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Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital
Case 15-2012 — A 48-Year-Old Woman with Diplopia, Headaches, and Papilledema
Presentation of Case. Dr. Rocío Hurtado (Infectious Diseases): A 48-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of diplopia, headaches, and papilledema. The patient had been well until 2 weeks before admission, when diplopia developed, which improved when she covered either eye. One week…
- May 17, 2012
- Venna N., Coyle C.M., González R.G., Hedley-Whyte E.T.
- N Engl J Med 2012; 366:1924-1934
A 48-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of diplopia, headaches, and papilledema. Imaging revealed cysts in the fourth ventricle and spinal canal. A diagnostic procedure was performed.
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Original Article
Albendazole Therapy and Enteric Parasites in United States–Bound Refugees
Approximately 25% of the world's population is infected with intestinal helminths. These neglected tropical infections disproportionately affect the world's least privileged and most vulnerable populations and are among the most common medical conditions in refugees.– Among resettled refugees,…
- April 19, 2012
- Swanson S.J., Phares C.R., Mamo B., et al.
- N Engl J Med 2012; 366:1498-1507
To reduce intestinal helminths among refugees arriving in the United States, the CDC has recommended albendazole therapy before departure. Among African and Southeast Asian refugees in Minnesota, albendazole reduced the proportion with stool nematodes from 20.8% to 4.7%.
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Original Article
Pyronaridine–Artesunate versus Mefloquine plus Artesunate for Malaria
Artemisinin-based combination therapy is critical for the effective treatment and control of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.– However, reports from the Cambodian–Thai border indicate the emergence of artemisinin tolerance or resistance in P. falciparum.– Pyronaridine–artesunate is a fixed…
- April 5, 2012
- Rueangweerayut R., Phyo A.P., Uthaisin C., et al.
- N Engl J Med 2012; 366:1298-1309
- CME
New therapies to treat malaria are needed. In this report, in which the authors studied 1271 patients from Asia and Africa, pyronaridine–artesunate was found to be noninferior to mefloquine plus artesunate in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
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Images in Clinical Medicine
Intestinal Infestation with Ancylostoma ceylanicum
Figure 1.
- March 29, 2012
- Hsu Y.-C. and Lin J.-T.
- N Engl J Med 2012; 366:e20
- Free Full Text
- Video
Under magnifying endoscopy, a worm is seen hooking its head into the intestinal mucosa. The parasite was removed and identified as Ancylostoma ceylanicum, a nematode that is endemic to Southeast Asia.
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Perspective
Tropical Lymphedemas — Control and Prevention
There are two principal causes of elephantiasis, or lymphedema, in the tropics. The most common cause and a significant public health problem is lymphatic filariasis due to the parasitic nematode Wuchereria bancrofti (and, in Asia, Brugia malayi and B. timori), which is transmitted by mosquitoes.…
- March 29, 2012
- Molyneux D.H.
- N Engl J Med 2012; 366:1169-1171
Lymphedema in the tropics has two main causes: lymphatic filariasis caused by the parasitic nematode Wuchereria bancrofti, transmitted by mosquitoes, and podoconiosis, caused by microsilica particles from red-clay volcanic soil that enter the skin of the feet.
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Images in Clinical Medicine
Paragonimiasis
Figure 1.
- January 12, 2012
- Arango Barrientos M. and Uriza Carrasco A.
- N Engl J Med 2012; 366:165
- Free Full Text
An 18-year-old man presented with a 1-year history of episodic hemoptysis. He otherwise felt well, with no dyspnea, fever, night sweats, weight loss, pedal edema, rash, or evidence of bleeding elsewhere. He took no medications. Laboratory examination ...
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Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital
Case 38-2011 — A 34-Year-Old Man with Diarrhea and Weakness
Presentation of Case. Dr. Andrew Courtwright (Medicine): A 34-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of diarrhea and weakness. Three days before admission, weakness developed in the patient's right hand, followed by increasing weakness in the left hand. During the next 2 days, weakness…
- December 15, 2011
- Ryan E.T., Cronin C.G., Branda J.A.
- N Engl J Med 2011; 365:2306-2316
- CME
A 34-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of weakness, chronic diarrhea, and weight loss. Initial laboratory evaluation revealed a leukocytosis and hypokalemia. A diagnostic procedure was performed.
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Images in Clinical Medicine
Cysticercosis
Figure 1.
- November 24, 2011
- da Silva Ferreira I.R. and Magalhaes S.P.
- N Engl J Med 2011; 365:e41
- Free Full Text
A 67-year-old man was referred to the hematology department for evaluation of monoclonal gammopathy. As part of his workup, a skeletal survey was performed. The study did not show any lytic bone lesions, but numerous “rice grain” calcifications were seen ...
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Original Article
First Results of Phase 3 Trial of RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine in African Children
Each year, malaria occurs in approximately 225 million persons worldwide, and 781,000 persons, mostly African children, die from the disease. During the past decade, the scale-up of malaria-control interventions has resulted in considerable reductions in morbidity and mortality associated with…
- November 17, 2011
- The RTS,S Clinical Trials Partnership
- N Engl J Med 2011; 365:1863-1875
- Free Full Text
Each year, about 225 million persons have malaria, with some 781,000 associated deaths. In a preliminary report of a phase 3 trial in African children, the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine had about 50% efficacy against incident malaria and 34% efficacy against severe disease.
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Editorial
A Vaccine for Malaria
It's been a long time coming, and indeed we are still not there yet, but it is becoming increasingly clear that we really do have the first effective vaccine against a parasitic disease in humans. If there are no unforeseen disasters, the RTS,S/AS01 Plasmodium falciparum malaria vaccine should…
- November 17, 2011
- White N.J.
- N Engl J Med 2011; 365:1926-1927
- Free Full Text
It's been a long time coming, and indeed we are still not there yet, but it is becoming increasingly clear that we really do have the first effective vaccine against a parasitic disease in humans. If there are no unforeseen disasters, the RTS,S/AS01 ...
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Perspective
The Threat of Artemisinin-Resistant Malaria
In the 1970s, Chinese government scientists working on a secret "Project 523" developed a new class of potent antimalarial drugs, the artemisinins or qinghaosu derivatives. In mostly unpublished work that has just been recognized by a 2011 Lasker Award to Tu Youyou, researchers in China isolated…
- September 22, 2011
- Dondorp A.M., Fairhurst R.M., Slutsker L., et al.
- N Engl J Med 2011; 365:1073-1075
- Free Full Text
Since the 1970s, when Chinese researchers demonstrated the artemisinins' antimalarial potency, artemisinin-based combination therapy has become key to malaria control. But reduced susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to artemisinin is now being seen in some places.
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Original Article
A Field Trial to Assess a Blood-Stage Malaria Vaccine
An effective malaria vaccine would improve the prospects for eradicating malaria. Vaccines that interrupt the transmission of malaria are emphasized in discussions of eradication, but the ideal malaria vaccine would provide a direct clinical benefit. Vaccines targeting the blood stages of malaria…
- September 15, 2011
- Thera M.A., Doumbo O.K., Coulibaly D., et al.
- N Engl J Med 2011; 365:1004-1013
- Free Full Text
In this study of 400 children in Mali, an adjuvanted vaccine based on an apical membrane antigen 1 from the 3D7 strain of Plasmodium falciparum (a blood-stage antigen) showed some strain-specific activity in preventing clinical malaria.
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Correspondence
Protection against Malaria by MSP3 Candidate Vaccine
To the Editor: In 2007, we conducted a double-blind, randomized, phase 1b clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00452088) using the merozoite surface protein 3 (MSP3) vaccine in a malaria-endemic area. A total of 45 children who were 12 to 24 months of age were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1…
- September 15, 2011
- N Engl J Med 2011; 365:1062-1064
- Free Full Text
Malaria is a leading cause of illness and death in the developing world. Thus, the need for an effective vaccine is great. In this phase 1 trial in Burkina Faso, a merozoite surface protein–based vaccine showed some evidence of protection against clinical malaria.
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Review Article
Genomic Medicine: Microbial Genomics and Infectious Diseases
The pace of technical advancement in microbial genomics has been breathtaking. Since 1995, when the first complete genome sequence of a free-living organism, Haemophilus influenzae, was published, 1554 complete bacterial genome sequences (the majority of which are from pathogens) and 112 complete…
- July 28, 2011
- Relman D.A.
- N Engl J Med 2011; 365:347-357
- Free Full Text
- Interactive/Multimedia
Advances in genomic technologies have permitted a better understanding of the biology of microbes, be they pathogenic or benign. This article discusses the myriad effects of genomic information on our understanding of and response to microbial infections.
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Clinical Therapeutics
Antitrypanosomal Therapy for Chronic Chagas' Disease
Foreword. This Journal feature begins with a case vignette that includes a therapeutic recommendation. A discussion of the clinical problem and the mechanism of benefit of this form of therapy follows. Major clinical studies, the clinical use of this therapy, and potential adverse effects are…
- June 30, 2011
- Bern C.
- N Engl J Med 2011; 364:2527-2534
- CME
A 42-year-old woman presents after donating blood and receiving a report that she is positive for Chagas' disease. Chagas' disease is caused by a parasite and is endemic in many parts of Latin America.
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Clinical Implications of Basic Research
Lessons from Sickle Cell Disease in the Treatment and Control of Malaria
Malaria, especially infection with Plasmodium falciparum, has exerted strong selective pressure on the human genome. In a well-characterized, balanced polymorphism, persons who are homozygous for the sickle hemoglobin mutation (in which valine replaces glutamic acid at position 6 in the β-globin…
- June 30, 2011
- Rosenthal P.J.
- N Engl J Med 2011; 364:2549-2551
Persons with sickle cell disease and carriers of the trait are protected against malaria. A study of mice infected with a plasmodium species similar to Plasmodium falciparum provides insight into how the severity of infection in humans may be modulated.
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Perspective
Integrating Neglected Tropical Diseases into AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Control
Today, approximately 1.4 billion people in the world live in extreme poverty, with incomes so low that they cannot fill their basic needs. In 2000, when eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were set to guide efforts to combat various dimensions of extreme poverty, a specific call was made in…
- June 2, 2011
- Hotez P.J., Mistry N., Rubinstein J., Sachs J.D.
- N Engl J Med 2011; 364:2086-2089
We can improve the lives of the world's poorest people by incorporating low-cost, rapid-impact packages of drugs for neglected tropical diseases into ongoing programs for the control of HIV–AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria.
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Clinical Implications of Basic Research
Leishmania — A Parasitized Parasite
Alerting the host to an infection is a critical step in the development of an immune response, and identifying the pathogen-specific molecules that sound the alarm has preoccupied immunologists for more than 20 years. A recent study by Ives et al. shows that infection of the protozoan parasite…
- May 5, 2011
- Scott P.
- N Engl J Med 2011; 364:1773-1774
Leishmaniasis can be visceral and deadly or restricted to a cutaneous lesion. A particularly severe form of disease is caused by an unregulated inflammatory response. A recent study suggests that this response may be triggered by a virus that infects the Leishmania parasite.
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Correspondence
Permethrin Treatment of Head Lice with Knockdown Resistance–like Gene
To the Editor: Chosidow and colleagues (March 11, 2010, issue) justify their study of oral ivermectin for the treatment of pediculosis capitis by the increasing resistance of head lice to pyrethroids because of amino acid substitutions (Thr929Ile and Leu932Phe) in the alpha subunit of the voltage…
- January 27, 2011
- N Engl J Med 2011; 364:386-387
- Free Full Text
To the Editor: Chosidow and colleagues (March 11, 2010, issue)¹ justify their study of oral ivermectin for the treatment of pediculosis capitis by the increasing resistance of head lice to pyrethroids because of amino acid substitutions (Thr929Ile and ...
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Perspective
Courting Danger while Doing Good — Protecting Global Health Workers from Harm
Until the morning of February 26, 2010, the name Eddie Roach meant nothing to me. Then a desperate e-mail brought the 32-year-old self-described "global health missionary" into my life. Weeks earlier, Roach had been distributing handheld water purifiers in rural Uganda; now, according to his…
- December 23, 2010
- Panosian C.
- N Engl J Med 2010; 363:2484-2485
- Free Full Text
Until the morning of February 26, 2010, the name Eddie Roach meant nothing to me. Then a desperate e-mail brought the 32-year-old self-described “global health missionary” into my life. Weeks earlier, Roach had been distributing handheld water purifiers ...
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Medical Meetings Pediatrics Conferences and Meetings

2012 Certifying Examinations of the American Board of Pediatrics

The general pediatrics examination will be held in various cities, Oct. 16-18. Registration for first-time applicants is ongoing through May 3. Registration for re-registrants is ongoing through May 24. The following subspecialty examinations will be held in various cities: "Hospice and Palliative Medicine" (Oct. 4); "Pediatric Transplant Hepatology" (Oct. 11); "Pediatric Cardiology" (Nov. 7); "Pediatric Pulmonology" (Nov. 8); "Medical Toxicology" (Nov. 12); and "Pediatric Critical Care Medicine" (Nov. 14). Registration for first-time applicants is ongoing through April 30. Registration for re-registrants is ongoing through June 15.

Contact the American Board of Pediatrics, 111 Silver Cedar Court, Chapel Hill, NC 27514-1513; or call (919) 929-0461; or fax (919) 918-7114 or (919) 929-9255; or see http://www.abp.org .

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Browse Parasitic Infections

Showing 1 to 20 of 252 Articles

Filter Results

Case 15-2012 — A 48-Year-Old Woman with Diplopia, Headaches, and Papilledema

Albendazole Therapy and Enteric Parasites in United States–Bound Refugees

Pyronaridine–Artesunate versus Mefloquine plus Artesunate for Malaria

Intestinal Infestation with Ancylostoma ceylanicum

Tropical Lymphedemas — Control and Prevention

Paragonimiasis

Case 38-2011 — A 34-Year-Old Man with Diarrhea and Weakness

Cysticercosis

First Results of Phase 3 Trial of RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine in African Children

A Vaccine for Malaria

The Threat of Artemisinin-Resistant Malaria

A Field Trial to Assess a Blood-Stage Malaria Vaccine

Protection against Malaria by MSP3 Candidate Vaccine

Genomic Medicine: Microbial Genomics and Infectious Diseases

Antitrypanosomal Therapy for Chronic Chagas' Disease

Lessons from Sickle Cell Disease in the Treatment and Control of Malaria

Integrating Neglected Tropical Diseases into AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Control

Leishmania — A Parasitized Parasite

Permethrin Treatment of Head Lice with Knockdown Resistance–like Gene

Courting Danger while Doing Good — Protecting Global Health Workers from Harm

Medical Meetings Pediatrics Conferences and Meetings

2012 Certifying Examinations of the American Board of Pediatrics

Trends: Most Viewed (Last Week)