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  • PerspectiveOnline First

    The political seas roiled by the Affordable Care Act (ACA) have grown more volatile in the 2 years since its passage. Whether it is the constitutionality of the insurance mandate, the economic feasibility of the Medicaid expansion, or controversy over the conscience clauses, much has been said and…

    • May 16, 2012
    • Breen J.O.
    • 10.1056/NEJMp1202039
    • Free Full Text

    The political seas roiled by the Affordable Care Act (ACA) have grown more volatile in the 2 years since its passage. Whether it is the constitutionality of the insurance mandate, the economic feasibility of the Medicaid expansion, or controversy over the ...

  • Perspective

    As debate rages on about implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), national attention is once again focused on Massachusetts, which instituted a similar comprehensive health care reform package in 2006. After expanding health insurance coverage to almost 98% of the state population,…

    • April 26, 2012
    • Song Z. and Landon B.E.
    • N Engl J Med 2012; 366:1560-1561
    • Free Full Text

    Having expanded insurance coverage to 98% of its population, Massachusetts seeks to control health care costs. A new bill includes global payment arrangements, accountable care organizations, malpractice reform, and authority to strike down insurance-premium increases.

  • Perspective

    During the last week in March, much of the country was riveted by 3 days of Supreme Court arguments in the constitutional challenge to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). The Court devoted more than six times the normal amount of time to oral arguments — a ratio not seen since…

    • April 19, 2012
    • Hall M.A.
    • N Engl J Med 2012; 366:1462-1463
    • Free Full Text
    • Audio

    Supreme Court oral arguments may reveal the justices' views of fundamental political and social issues — including, in the case of the Affordable Care Act, what it means to ensure liberty and where the proper balance lies between judicial activism and deference to Congress.

  • Perspective

    Foster Friess, a conservative political donor, recently discounted the importance of insurance coverage for contraceptives, saying, "Back in my days, they used Bayer Aspirin for contraception. The gals put it between their knees, and it wasn't that costly." Though his comment stunned interviewer…

    • April 12, 2012
    • Charo R.A.
    • N Engl J Med 2012; 366:1361-1364
    • Free Full Text

    Opponents of the new federal policy regarding insurance coverage of contraception have reframed it as discrimination against religion. But the controversy is fundamentally about our multicultural society's cross-subsidization of the varied choices of its citizens.

  • Perspective

    The Supreme Court is now reviewing a federal appeals court decision that the individual mandate in the Affordable Care Act (ACA), which requires that individuals either purchase health insurance or pay a penalty, is unconstitutional. If the Court agrees, it will then consider whether to invalidate…

    • March 29, 2012
    • Sessions S.Y. and Detsky A.S.
    • N Engl J Med 2012; 366:e19
    • Free Full Text

    If the Supreme Court deems the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate unconstitutional, it will consider whether to invalidate other ACA provisions because the mandate cannot be “severed” from them. The ACA's fate may therefore depend on the mandate's severability.

  • Perspective

    In the quest to manage the spiraling cost of U.S. health care, one approach has generated great interest. The philosophy behind much current policy — including the Affordable Care Act (ACA) — is that aggregating fee-for-service reimbursement into payments for broader bundles of care will lead…

    • March 22, 2012
    • Cutler D.M. and Ghosh K.
    • N Engl J Med 2012; 366:1075-1077
    • Free Full Text

    A key question about aggregating payments to health care providers is determining whether to bundle services for individual, if extended, episodes of care or for whole patients. What are the tradeoffs of the two approaches, and how much money could be saved?

  • Perspective

    The United States faces large and growing federal budget deficits, driven in substantial measure by the projected growth of Medicare spending. Recently, various groups have proposed solutions they call "premium support" or "defined support." A study panel of the Bipartisan Policy Center, chaired by…

    • March 8, 2012
    • Aaron H.J. and Frakt A.B.
    • N Engl J Med 2012; 366:877-879
    • Free Full Text

    The idea of a premium-support system for Medicare dates from 1995, but current proposals do not contain appropriate safeguards, and the circumstances of the U.S. health care system have changed in ways that would make the approach unwise today.

  • Perspective

    The need for significant Medicare reform is increasingly evident, even to policymakers long accustomed to avoiding this politically explosive topic. A host of commissions and expert groups, ranging from the President's National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform to the Heritage…

    • March 8, 2012
    • Antos J.R.
    • N Engl J Med 2012; 366:879-881
    • Free Full Text

    Under the Wyden–Ryan proposal, instead of guaranteeing to pay for services as they are rendered, Medicare would give beneficiaries a subsidy to purchase coverage from one of multiple health plans, which would compete by providing necessary services cost-effectively.

  • Perspective

    The summer before I began medical school, the handyman working in our kitchen told me exactly how many more refrigerators he needed to repair in order to afford his coronary-artery bypass surgery. My excitement about having achieved a lifelong dream was suddenly displaced by doubt. What if the…

    • February 23, 2012
    • Rohrhoff N.J.
    • N Engl J Med 2012; 366:683-685

      A medical student working at health fairs and clinics in underserved communities spends his time asking people what their lives are like — but can't truly empathize until his own father loses his job and his health insurance.

    • Perspective

      The Obama administration scored a political point in December with its bulletin on essential health benefits, appeasing critics of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) by giving states the right to determine what those benefits should be. The proposal is politically savvy. But is it fair? The ACA…

      • February 23, 2012
      • Ruger J.P.
      • N Engl J Med 2012; 366:681-683
      • Free Full Text

      Giving states the right to determine their own essential health benefits is politically savvy. But will it mean shoddy health care for some and top-of-the-line health care for others? And what if variations in quality lead to disability, dysfunction, or premature death?

    • Perspective

      The promise of nearly universal health insurance coverage embodied in the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has meaning in part because it is tied to a minimum set of covered services called essential health benefits (EHBs). Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius surprised the health care…

      • February 23, 2012
      • Weil A.
      • N Engl J Med 2012; 366:679-681
      • Free Full Text
      • Audio

      In December, it was announced that rather than the federal government's defining a single set of essential health benefits, each state will choose from among 10 options. This decision is sound public policy and capitalizes on the strengths of American federalism.

    • Perspective

      Nearly all media and scholarly discussion of the constitutionality of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), has focused on the individual mandate to obtain health insurance. The Supreme Court has now promised to review not only that issue but also the issue of whether the ACA's Medicaid expansion violates…

      • January 12, 2012
      • Cohen I.G. and Blumstein J.F.
      • N Engl J Med 2012; 366:103-104
      • Free Full Text
      • Audio

      The Supreme Court has promised to review not only the constitutionality of the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate but also the issue, raised by Florida and 25 other states, of whether the ACA's Medicaid expansion violates the U.S. Constitution.

    • Perspective

      Medicaid is the foundation of a vast expansion of publicly funded health insurance authorized by the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Since federal and state governments share administrative and funding responsibilities for the program, striking acceptable balances has been a source of tension since…

      • January 12, 2012
      • Iglehart J.K.
      • N Engl J Med 2012; 366:105-107
      • Free Full Text

      Medicaid programs are experiencing turbulence and imposing more spending cuts, most commonly through provider-payment reductions. Simultaneously, many are expanding their contracts with managed-care plans and preparing for health care reform's coverage expansion.

    • Perspective

      The parties who have brought legal challenges to the Affordable Care Act's (ACA's) individual mandate to obtain health insurance claim that the Constitution's Commerce Clause authorizes the regulation of only commercial activity, not inactivity, and thus gives Congress no power to force individuals…

      • January 5, 2012
      • Elhauge E.
      • N Engl J Med 2012; 366:e1
      • Free Full Text

      Those who have legally challenged the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate to obtain health insurance argue that Congress cannot regulate “inactivity.” But Congress does in fact have the power to force purchases.

    • Correspondence

      To the Editor: On July 19, the Institute of Medicine released a historic report outlining key preventive health services for women to be covered by insurers under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) without consumer cost sharing. Particularly notable was the report's inclusion of contraception, with the…

      • December 22, 2011
      • N Engl J Med 2011; 365:2438-2439
      • Free Full Text

      The IOM recommends including contraception among the preventive services for women to be covered without patient cost sharing. Reforms in medical education and primary care delivery are needed to ensure safe, effective, and appropriate contraceptive care.

    • Perspective

      According to the Congressional Budget Office, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) will bring health insurance coverage to an estimated 32 million currently uninsured people. It does so through various mechanisms, including an expansion of Medicaid to Americans with incomes up to 138% of the federal…

      • December 15, 2011
      • Graves J.A., Curtis R., Gruber J.
      • N Engl J Med 2011; 365:e44
      • Free Full Text

      Under health care reform, changes in income, employment, and family composition may result in “churning” — shifting of people into and out of different insurance-coverage arrangements over time. How will a state's adoption of a Basic Health Program affect churning?

    • Editorial

      Interventions that both improve outcomes and save costs are unusual, but the provision of lifesaving medications to survivors of myocardial infarction is one such example. In the past, physicians' poor compliance with evidence-based guidelines was a major reason for suboptimal use of such…

      • December 1, 2011
      • Goldman L. and Epstein A.M.
      • N Engl J Med 2011; 365:2131-2133

        Interventions that both improve outcomes and save costs are unusual, but the provision of lifesaving medications to survivors of myocardial infarction is one such example.1 In the past, physicians' poor compliance with evidence-based guidelines was a ...

      • Special Article

        The use of medications based on solid clinical evidence has contributed substantially to reductions in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. For patients with acute myocardial infarction, prescribing of these highly effective therapies is now nearly universal at the time of hospital discharge in…

        • December 1, 2011
        • Choudhry N.K., Avorn J., Glynn R.J., et al.
        • N Engl J Med 2011; 365:2088-2097
        • CME

        In this trial, eliminating copayments for medications after hospitalization for MI did not reduce the primary outcome (first major vascular event or revascularization) but did improve medication adherence and secondary outcomes, without significantly increasing total spending.

      • Perspective

        Since the Affordable Care Act was passed, numerous lawsuits have been filed arguing that the federal mandate that individuals obtain health insurance is unconstitutional. Three appeals courts have issued mixed rulings, and the matter will probably ultimately be decided by the Supreme Court. In this…

        • October 27, 2011
        • Mariner W.K., Balkin J.M., Somin I.
        • N Engl J Med 2011; 365:e36
        • Free Full Text
        • Video

        Since the Affordable Care Act was passed, numerous lawsuits have been filed arguing that the federal mandate that individuals obtain health insurance is unconstitutional. Three appeals courts have issued mixed rulings, and the matter will probably ...

      • Perspective

        When Congress enacted the Affordable Care Act (ACA), it mandated that a broad package of "essential health benefits" (EHBs) equivalent to that of a "typical employer plan" be offered by qualified health plans participating in newly created state-based insurance exchanges, as well as by new plans…

        • October 20, 2011
        • Iglehart J.K.
        • N Engl J Med 2011; 365:1461-1463
        • Free Full Text

        The Institute of Medicine has recommended that the “essential health benefits” offered under the Affordable Care Act be equivalent in scope to an average small-business plan and “should become more fully evidence-based, specific, and value-promoting over time.”

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      Medical Meetings Pediatrics Conferences and Meetings

      2012 Certifying Examinations of the American Board of Pediatrics

      The general pediatrics examination will be held in various cities, Oct. 16-18. Registration for first-time applicants is ongoing through May 3. Registration for re-registrants is ongoing through May 24. The following subspecialty examinations will be held in various cities: "Hospice and Palliative Medicine" (Oct. 4); "Pediatric Transplant Hepatology" (Oct. 11); "Pediatric Cardiology" (Nov. 7); "Pediatric Pulmonology" (Nov. 8); "Medical Toxicology" (Nov. 12); and "Pediatric Critical Care Medicine" (Nov. 14). Registration for first-time applicants is ongoing through April 30. Registration for re-registrants is ongoing through June 15.

      Contact the American Board of Pediatrics, 111 Silver Cedar Court, Chapel Hill, NC 27514-1513; or call (919) 929-0461; or fax (919) 918-7114 or (919) 929-9255; or see http://www.abp.org .

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