PCIs for acute coronary disease are increasingly being performed at centers without on-site surgical backup. This review summarizes the safety and the efficacy of this practice, along with the policy implications, including those for patients undergoing elective procedures.

This review article traces the history and progress of surgery over the past two centuries, during which the profession evolved from rapidly performed, rudimentary, and often unsuccessful procedures to bold reconstruction, intricate microsurgery, transplantation, and more.

This review article synthesizes relevant information about hair-follicle biology and pathobiology and summarizes the clinical presentation and management of this common condition.

There are an estimated 50 million infections per year with the dengue virus, which is transmitted primarily by urban-adapted Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. This review summarizes pathophysiology and treatment as well as prospects for a vaccine and for vector-control approaches.

This article reviews the evolution of child health in four eras — the recognition of children as a specific population (1812–1880), the rise of public health as remedy (1881–1930), the development of vaccines (1931–1980), and the global era (1981–2012).

The incidence of diabetes is increasing, but that of diabetic retinopathy is falling, probably owing to better management of glucose levels, lipid abnormalities, and hypertension. Clinical trials of VEGF and PPAR-α inhibitors are improving vision and providing insights into pathogenesis.

This review discusses the causes, pathogenesis, and clinical management of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, which accounts for 7 to 10% of biopsy-confirmed glomerulonephritis cases. Current classification reflects advances in the understanding of this condition.

Rare monogenic disorders of mitochondria have shed light on mitochondrial function, and the development of therapeutic agents for these disorders may be applicable to more common sporadic diseases characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction.

Dysfunction of one or both hemidiaphragms is an underdiagnosed cause of dyspnea. Weakness or paralysis may be seen during mechanical ventilation, after surgery or trauma, with metabolic or inflammatory disorders, and with myopathy, neuropathy, or diseases causing lung hyperinflation.

People have suffered from asthma for millennia. To illustrate the changes in our understanding and treatment of asthma over the past 200 years, the authors provide three fictional reports of consultations performed for essentially the same patient, who has what we now call asthma.

The authors discuss the substantive impact of recent advances in genomic technologies on the diagnosis and understanding of intellectual disability and autism.

Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia must be considered in any child or young adult with a progressive disorder of gait or balance or with hypotonia or excessive clumsiness. This review presents a practical approach to these neurodegenerative diseases.