Original Article
Chemotherapy, Bevacizumab, and Cetuximab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
N Engl J Med 2009; 360:563-572February 5, 2009
- Abstract
Background
Fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy plus the anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody bevacizumab is standard first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. We studied the effect of adding the anti–epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody cetuximab to a combination of capecitabine, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab for metastatic colorectal cancer.
Methods
We randomly assigned 755 patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer to capecitabine, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab (CB regimen, 378 patients) or the same regimen plus weekly cetuximab (CBC regimen, 377 patients). The primary end point was progression-free survival. The mutation status of the KRAS gene was evaluated as a predictor of outcome.
Results
The median progression-free survival was 10.7 months in the CB group and 9.4 in the CBC group (P=0.01). Quality-of-life scores were lower in the CBC group. The overall survival and response rates did not differ significantly in the two groups. Treated patients in the CBC group had more grade 3 or 4 adverse events, which were attributed to cetuximab-related adverse cutaneous effects. Patients treated with cetuximab who had tumors bearing a mutated KRAS gene had significantly decreased progression-free survival as compared with cetuximab-treated patients with wild-type–KRAS tumors or patients with mutated-KRAS tumors in the CB group.
Conclusions
The addition of cetuximab to capecitabine, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab resulted in significantly shorter progression-free survival and inferior quality of life. Mutation status of the KRAS gene was a predictor of outcome in the cetuximab group. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00208546.)
Media in This Article
Figure 1
Kaplan–Meier Estimates of Progression-free and Overall Survival.Figure 2
Kaplan–Meier Estimates of Progression-free Survival According to KRAS Mutation Status and Cetuximab-Related Adverse Cutaneous Effects.Article Activity
- Article
Fluoropyrimidines (e.g., fluorouracil and capecitabine), irinotecan, and oxaliplatin are the standard cytotoxic drugs used in treating metastatic colorectal cancer.1,2 The combination of capecitabine and oxaliplatin is similar to the combination of fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in efficacy and safety.3,4 Bevacizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), 5-7 combined with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy is now the standard first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. Cetuximab, a chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), has efficacy as monotherapy and in combination with irinotecan in irinotecan-resistant patients.8,9 We prospectively evaluated the addition of cetuximab to capecitabine, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab as first-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (the CAIRO2 trial).
Methods
Patients
Eligible patients were older than 18 years of age, had histologically proved colon or rectal carcinoma, metastatic disease not amenable to curative surgery, measurable tumor, no previous systemic chemotherapy for metastatic disease, World Health Organization (WHO) performance status 0 or 1, no adjuvant chemotherapy within 6 months before randomization, and adequate bone marrow, liver, and renal function. We excluded patients if they had higher than grade 1 sensory neuropathy, previous intolerance of adjuvant chemotherapy, symptomatic central nervous system metastases, bleeding diathesis, coagulation disorders, clinically significant cardiovascular disease, or other cancers within the previous 5 years, except for adequately treated squamous or basal-cell carcinoma of the skin or carcinoma in situ of the cervix.
Study Design
This open-label, randomized, phase 3 trial was conducted in 79 centers in the Netherlands. Eligible patients were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to receive treatment with or without cetuximab. Randomization was performed centrally by a minimization technique with stratification according to serum lactate dehydrogenase level (normal or abnormal, according to the cutoff values of each individual center), previous adjuvant chemotherapy (yes or no), number of affected organs (one or more than one), and treatment center. The study was approved by the Committee on Human-Related Research Arnhem–Nijmegen and by the local institutional review boards. An independent data and safety monitoring committee evaluated all serious adverse events. All patients provided written informed consent before study entry.
Bevacizumab was donated by Roche, and cetuximab was donated by Merck Serono. The sponsors of the study were informed of the results of the study but did not contribute to any phase of the study design; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data; or the writing of the manuscript.
Treatment and Testing
Treatment for the capecitabine–bevacizumab (CB) group consisted of 1000 mg of capecitabine per square meter of body-surface area, given orally twice daily on days 1 to 14; 130 mg of oxaliplatin per square meter, given intravenously on day 1; and 7.5 mg of bevacizumab per kilogram of body weight, given intravenously on day 1. Treatment for the capecitabine–bevacizumab–cetuximab (CBC) group consisted of the same regimen of capecitabine, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab plus 400 mg of cetuximab per square meter, given intravenously on day 1 of the first treatment cycle, followed by 250 mg of cetuximab per square meter given weekly thereafter. All treatment cycles were administered every 3 weeks. In both treatment groups, oxaliplatin was administered for a maximum of six cycles to prevent serious peripheral sensory neurotoxicity, and from cycle 7 the dose of capecitabine was increased to 1250 mg per square meter.
Adverse effects were graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria, version 3.0. Dose reductions because of adverse events were performed for each agent as specified in the study protocol. A cetuximab-related adverse cutaneous effect was defined as any adverse cutaneous effect with the exception of hand–foot syndrome. Central review was performed of the charts of all patients who died within 30 days after the last administration of the study drugs and whose death was accompanied by any event other than disease progression, regardless of the reported cause. The results of the central review were submitted to the independent data and safety monitoring committee for final assessment. An interim analysis of safety in the first 400 patients has been published.10
Tumor response was assessed by the local investigators every 9 weeks with the use of computed tomographic scans, according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST).11 The overall response rate was defined as the rate of all responses, including complete and partial responses. Disease control was defined as complete response, partial response, or stable disease as the best response. Treatment was continued until the occurrence of disease progression, death, or unacceptable adverse event, whichever came first. Patients whose treatment was discontinued for reasons other than disease progression were evaluated for a response every 3 months. The relative dose intensity was defined as the ratio of the dose administered to the planned dose. Quality of life was assessed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire at baseline within 2 weeks before randomization and every 9 weeks thereafter until the end of the study treatment.
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor material was collected from patients for whom resected primary tumor tissue was available. DNA was extracted from tumor tissue for mutation analysis of the KRAS gene (see the Supplementary Appendix, available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org).
EGFR expression was determined by immunohistochemical assay on tissue microarrays with the use of the EGFR pharmDx Kit (Dako) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Powervision (Immunologic) was used as a visualization method. In accordance with the pharmDx Kit guidelines, tumors showing more than 1% membranous EGFR stained cells were considered positive.
Statistical Analysis
The primary end point was progression-free survival, which was defined as the interval from the date of randomization to the date of disease progression, death, or last follow-up, whichever occurred first. It was estimated that with 540 events (progression or death), a two-sided log-rank test at a significance level of 5% would have a power of 80% to detect a difference in median progression-free survival of 11 to 14 months (hazard ratio, 0.79). On the assumption of an accrual and follow-up period of 36 months, we planned to include approximately 750 patients in the study. The secondary end points were overall survival, safety, response rate, quality of life, and the influence of KRAS mutational status and expression of EGFR in tumor samples on the outcome. Ineligible patients or patients who withdrew informed consent were excluded from all analyses. Data from eligible patients were analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle, and these patients remained in follow-up until disease progression occurred. Data from patients who were alive without recurrence at the time of analysis were censored. The progression-free and overall survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared by means of the log-rank test. We performed a multivariate analysis using a Cox proportional-hazards model with treatment group, serum lactate dehydrogenase level, number of affected organs, and previous adjuvant chemotherapy as covariables.
Patients who started treatment were evaluated for adverse events, and patients who completed at least three cycles were evaluated for response. The worst grade of adverse event was compared between the treatment groups with the use of the chi-square test. The correlation between cetuximab-related adverse cutaneous effects and survival was assessed in a landmark-type analysis. Patients who started treatment were grouped according to the worst grade of cetuximab-related adverse cutaneous effect reported during the first six cycles. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to detect statistically significant differences between the treatment groups in the change in the mean quality-of-life score. Patients who completed the quality-of-life questionnaire at baseline and at least once during treatment were evaluated. All analyses were performed with the use of SAS software, version 9.1.
Results
Patients
Between June 2005 and December 2006, 755 patients underwent randomization: 378 to receive treatment without cetuximab (CB group) and 377 to receive treatment with cetuximab (CBC group). Nineteen patients (2.5%) were ineligible (Supplementary Appendix). The study was completed according to the protocol, and the estimated number of events occurred. The baseline characteristics of all 736 eligible patients (368 in each treatment group) were well matched between the two groups except for sex (Table 1Table 1
Baseline Characteristics of the Patients.). The median duration of follow-up at the time of this analysis was 23 months.Treatment
Treatment was started in 732 eligible patients, 366 in each group. The Supplementary Appendix gives the median and mean numbers of treatment cycles, the median duration of treatment, and the median relative dose intensity.
The reasons for discontinuation of treatment in the CB group (313 patients) and the CBC group (334 patients) were progression of disease (169 patients [54.0%] and 162 patients [48.5%], respectively; P=0.16), adverse events (81 [25.9%] and 99 [29.6%], P=0.28), resection of metastases (13 [4.2%] and 18 [5.4%], P=0.46), and declining of treatment by the patient (19 [6.1%] and 25 [7.5%], P=0.48). All study drugs were discontinued in 12 patients in the CBC group for adverse events that appeared to be related exclusively to cetuximab. A total of 345 of all 736 eligible patients (46.9%) received further systemic treatment after disease progression: 168 in the CB group (45.7%) and 177 in the CBC group (48.1%). Of these patients, 48 received oxaliplatin (18 in the CB group and 30 in the CBC group), 278 received irinotecan (144 and 134, respectively), and 22 received cetuximab (15 and 7); cetuximab was usually administered in combination with irinotecan.
Efficacy
The primary end point was reached in 293 patients in the CB group and 316 patients in the CBC group. The addition of cetuximab significantly decreased the median progression-free survival (10.7 months in the CB group and 9.4 months in the CBC group, P=0.01) (Table 2Table 2
Efficacy of Study Treatment. and Figure 1AFigure 1Kaplan–Meier Estimates of Progression-free and Overall Survival.). The hazard ratio for disease progression or death in the CBC group was 1.22 (95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 1.43). In a multivariate analysis, an elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase level (P<0.001) and treatment group (P=0.03) correlated significantly with progression-free survival. The median overall survival was 20.3 months in the CB group and 19.4 months in the CBC group (P=0.16) (Table 2 and Figure 1B). A total of 407 patients died, 193 in the CB group and 214 in the CBC group. The rate of death from any cause at 60 days was 1.9% in the CB group and 2.7% in the CBC group. The overall response rate in the 649 patients who were evaluated was 50.0% in the CB group and 52.7% in the CBC group (P=0.49). Disease control was observed in 94.0% of the patients in the CB group and 94.6% of those in the CBC group (P=0.72).Subgroup Analyses
The mutation status of the KRAS gene was evaluated in 528 tumors (Table 3Table 3
Association of the Mutation Status of the KRAS Gene with Progression-free Survival, Overall Survival, and Response Rate.). Eight samples were excluded because of discordance in the results of the two test methods. An activating KRAS mutation was found in 206 tumors (39.6%): 108 from patients in the CB group and 98 from patients in the CBC group. The baseline characteristics were well balanced between patients with wild-type–KRAS tumors and those with mutated-KRAS tumors (data not shown). Cetuximab-treated patients with mutated-KRAS tumors had significantly shorter progression-free survival than cetuximab-treated patients with wild-type–KRAS tumors (8.1 vs. 10.5 months, P=0.04) (Figure 2AFigure 2Kaplan–Meier Estimates of Progression-free Survival According to KRAS Mutation Status and Cetuximab-Related Adverse Cutaneous Effects.). As compared with patients with mutated-KRAS tumors in the CB group, cetuximab-treated patients with mutated-KRAS tumors had significantly shorter progression-free survival (8.1 vs. 12.5 months, P=0.003) and overall survival (17.2 vs. 24.9 months, P=0.03). Among patients with wild-type–KRAS tumors, there was no significant difference in progression-free survival between the two treatment groups. Among patients treated with cetuximab, the response rate was significantly lower in those with KRAS mutations than in those with wild-type–KRAS tumors (45.9% vs. 61.4%, P=0.03), whereas no significant difference was observed in the CB group (59.2% vs. 50.0%, P=0.16).EGFR was evaluated in 496 tumors, of which 315 (63.5%) tested positive. The baseline characteristics were not significantly different between EGFR-positive and EGFR-negative patients (data not shown). Among EGFR-positive patients, the median progression-free survival was 12.2 months in the CB group and 9.8 months in the CBC group (P=0.003). We did not observe a significant correlation between KRAS mutation status or EGFR expression and the incidence of cetuximab-related adverse cutaneous effects (data not shown).
As compared with women in the CBC group, women who were assigned to the CB group had significantly better progression-free survival (12.5 vs. 8.6 months, P<0.001) and overall survival (20.1 vs. 18.8 months, P=0.02). However, these differences were not observed in men. The distribution of baseline characteristics was similar in women and men. In a multivariate analysis, the interaction between sex and treatment group was statistically significant for progression-free survival (P=0.005) but not for overall survival (P=0.10).
The severity of cetuximab-related adverse cutaneous effects correlated significantly with progression-free survival (P<0.001) (Figure 2B). The median progression-free survival in patients with grade 0 or 1, patients with grade 2, and patients with grade 3 cetuximab-related adverse cutaneous effects was 7.8 months, 10.2 months, and 11.4 months, respectively. The progression-free survival did not differ significantly between patients in the CB group and patients with grade 3 cetuximab-related adverse cutaneous effects in the CBC group (P=0.72).
Safety
Table 4Table 4
Serious Adverse Events. and the Supplementary Appendix list the most frequently observed grade 3 or 4 adverse events. The incidence of any grade 3 or 4 adverse event was 73.2% in the CB group and 81.7% in the CBC group (P=0.006). When grade 3 cetuximab-related adverse cutaneous effects were excluded from this analysis, the incidence was similar: 73.2% in the CB group and 74.3% in the CBC group (P=0.74).Quality of Life
A total of 532 patients (276 in the CB group and 256 in the CBC group) were evaluated for quality of life. Overall quality of life and global health status were similar in the two groups at baseline; during treatment, both measures improved significantly more in the CB group than in the CBC group (P=0.007 and P=0.03, respectively). The mean increase in global health status was 0.4 point in the CB group and 0.0 points in the CBC group (P=0.007). There were no significant differences between the treatment groups in the change from baseline in scores for pain, financial problems, and decrease in functioning (physical, emotional, cognitive, and social).
Discussion
In this randomized trial conducted in previously untreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, the addition of cetuximab to treatment with capecitabine, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab resulted in a significant decrease in progression-free survival and a poorer quality of life. The reduction in progression-free survival was unexpected, since preclinical as well as early clinical studies suggested a benefit from the combination of anti-VEGF and anti-EGFR antibodies.12-15 An increase in adverse events is an unlikely cause of the reduction in progression-free survival, since such events were manageable and the percentage of patients who discontinued treatment because of adverse events was similar in the two treatment groups. A similar result with anti-EGFR therapy was observed in the Panitumumab Advanced Colorectal Cancer Evaluation (PACCE) trial,16,17 in which previously untreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were randomly assigned to fluorouracil, leucovorin, bevacizumab, and irinotecan or oxaliplatin, with or without panitumumab, a human antibody against EGFR. The PACCE trial was prematurely discontinued because of decreased progression-free survival and increased adverse events in the panitumumab group, but the decrease in progression-free survival was observed only in patients who were treated with oxaliplatin. The Bowel Oncology with Cetuximab Antibody (BOND) 2 trial showed efficacy in treatment with irinotecan, bevacizumab, and cetuximab in patients with irinotecan-resistant colorectal cancer,18 a result that suggested a higher response rate and longer progression-free survival than was found in a previous trial (BOND) of irinotecan and cetuximab in similar patients.9 Preliminary results of chemotherapy with or without cetuximab in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer indicate somewhat better progression-free survival with irinotecan than with oxaliplatin,19,20 but these comparisons should be interpreted with caution: whether cetuximab is more efficacious when given in combination with irinotecan than with oxaliplatin remains speculative.
The results of our trial might be due to a negative interaction between cetuximab and bevacizumab. Hypertension, a common side effect of bevacizumab treatment, was recently shown to correlate with clinical outcome in patients with colorectal cancer.21 Our observation that hypertension was less frequent in the CBC group suggests decreased efficacy of bevacizumab when administered in combination with cetuximab. In contrast, preclinical studies have suggested a positive interaction between VEGF- and EGFR-inhibiting agents.12-15 However, to our knowledge, the combination of cetuximab and bevacizumab has not been tested in this setting.
The severity of cetuximab-related adverse cutaneous effects correlated directly and significantly with progression-free survival, but the median progression-free survival among patients with the most severe cetuximab-related adverse cutaneous effects was not significantly better than that among patients treated without cetuximab.
Women treated with cetuximab had shorter progression-free survival than women treated without cetuximab, but this difference was not found in men. Women also had a lower incidence of grade 3 cetuximab-related adverse cutaneous effects, which might indicate a decreased efficacy of cetuximab in our study. Although the management of adverse cutaneous effects may be different in women than in men, with earlier discontinuation of cetuximab in women for cosmetic reasons, this would not explain the poorer results in the CBC group.
The KRAS genotype affects the response to anti-EGFR treatment: patients with wild-type–KRAS tumors have longer progression-free survival than those with mutated-KRAS tumors. 22-26 The results of our study also confirm the role of the mutation status of the KRAS gene in the response to cetuximab when cetuximab is administered in combination with chemotherapy and bevacizumab as first-line treatment. We observed the worst result for progression-free survival in patients with mutated-KRAS tumors who were treated with cetuximab. A similar result was found in trials of chemotherapy with or without cetuximab as first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.25,26
Many targeted agents are available or under development for use in a wide range of tumors. The inhibition of a single signal-transduction pathway is unlikely to provide optimal results, and therefore a combination of agents appears to be a valid strategy. Our results, however, argue against the combined use of anti-VEGF and anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies with chemotherapy in cases of metastatic colorectal cancer.
Supported by the Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group (DCCG). The DCCG received grants for data management and analysis from the Commissie Klinisch Toegepast Onderzoek of the Dutch Cancer Foundation and unrestricted scientific grants from Roche, Merck Serono, Sanofi-Aventis, and DxS.
Dr. Tol reports receiving grant support from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development; Dr. Cats, grant support from the Dutch Cancer Foundation, Roche, and Sanofi-Aventis and consulting fees from Merck Serono; Dr. Erdkamp, consulting fees from Sanofi-Aventis and Merck Serono; Dr. Voest, consulting fees from Sanofi-Aventis and Merck Serono and grant support from Roche; Dr. van Krieken, grant support from the Dutch Cancer Foundation; and Dr. Punt, grant support from the Dutch Cancer Foundation and Roche and consulting fees from Roche and Merck Serono. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
This article (10.1056/NEJMoa0808268) was updated on December 22, 2010, at NEJM.org.
We thank Marjolijn J.L. Ligtenberg, Ph.D., for the interpretation of the KRAS data and Annelies Klaasen, B.Sc., for laboratory assistance.
Source Information
From Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen (J.T., M.K., J.R.D., M.E.V.-B., J.H.J.M.K., C.J.A.P.); the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (A.C., N.F.A., O.D.); Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort (C.J.R.); Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven (G.J.M.C.); Spaarne Hospital, Hoofddorp (J.G.S.); Maasland Hospital, Sittard (F.L.G.E.); Bernhoven Hospital, Oss (A.H.V.); the Free University Medical Center, Amsterdam (C.J.G.); Jeroen Bosch Hospital, `s-Hertogenbosch (H.A.M.S.); the Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam (D.J.R.); University Medical Center, Utrecht (E.E.V.); and the Comprehensive Cancer Center East, Nijmegen (L.M.) — all in the Netherlands.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Punt at the Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands, or at c.punt@onco.umcn.nl.
Appendix
The team members of the CAIRO2 trial are as follows: Medical Oncology Task Force of the Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group: E. Balk, J.W.R. Nortier, A. Cats, C.J.A. Punt, C.J. van Groeningen, D.J. Richel, R.L.H. Jansen, H.P. Sleeboom, J.J.M. van der Hoeven, J. Verweij, A.S.T. Planting, R.S. de Jong, E.E. Voest, N.H. Mulder; in addition, the following investigators in the Netherlands participated in the study: Alkmaar — C. Smorenburg; Almelo — R. Hoekstra; Amersfoort — C. Rodenburg; Amstelveen — J. van der Hoeven; Amsterdam — A. Cats, M. Geenen, C. van Groeningen, D. Richel, B. de Valk, N. Weijl; Arnhem — J. Douma; Assen — P. Nieboer; Bergen op Zoom — F. Valster; Beverwijk — R. Rietbroek; Blaricum — A. Ten Tije; Breda — O. Loosveld; Capelle a/d IJssel — D. Kehrer; Delft — M. Bos; Delfzijl — Z. Erjavec; Den Bosch — H. Sinnige, C. Knibbeler; Den Haag — W. Van Deijk, F. Jeurissen, H. Sleeboom; Deventer — A. Imholz; Doetinchem — E. Muller; Dordrecht — J. vanden Bosch; Drachten — S. Hovenga; Ede — E. Balk; Eindhoven — G. Creemers, M. Dercksen; Enschede — M. Legdeur; Geldrop — A. Smals; Goes — H. van Halteren; Gorinchem — M. van Hennik; Gouda — A. van der Torren; Groningen — G. Hospers, R. de Jong; Haarlem — G. de Klerk; Harderwijk — P. Zoon; Heerlen — J. Wals; Helmond — V. Derleyn; Hengelo — H. Dankbaar; Hilversum — S. Luyckx; Hoofddorp — C. de Swart; Hoogeveen — J. Haasjes; Hoorn — W. Meijer; Leeuwarden — M. Polee; Leiden — M. Tesselaar; Leidschendam — H. Oosterkamp; Lelystad — J. Bollen; Maastricht — R. Jansen; Middelharnis — P. van der Velden; Nieuwegein — P. Slee; Nijmegen — C. Punt, C. Mandigers; Oss — A. Vos; Roermond — M. den Boer; Roosendaal — D. de Gooyer; Rotterdam — A. Planting, A. vander Gaast, J. Pegels, T. Kok, F. de Jongh; Schiedam — J. Braun; Sittard — F. Erdkamp; Sneek — G. Veldhuis; Terneuzen — A. van Reisen; Tiel — C. Kruijtzer; Tilburg — H. Roerdink, J. van Riel; Utrecht — D. ten Bokkel Huinink, E. Voest; Veghel — M. van Diemen; Veldhoven — G. Vreugdenhil; Venlo — M. Werter; Vlissingen — L. Kerkhofs; Winterswijk — P. Schiphorst; Zaandam — A. van Bochove; Zoetermeer — A. Ogilvie; Zwolle — A. Honkoop; Independent Data and Safety Monitoring Committee — P. De Mulder (deceased), D. Sleijfer, G. Stoter.
- References
References
1
Koopman M ,Antonini NF ,Douma J , et al. Sequential versus combination chemotherapy with capecitabine, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin in advanced colorectal cancer (CAIRO): a phase III randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2007;370:135-142
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline2
Seymour MT ,Maughan TS ,Ledermann JA , et al. Different strategies of sequential and combination chemotherapy for patients with poor prognosis advanced colorectal cancer (MRC FOCUS): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2007;370:143-152[Erratum, Lancet 2007;370:566.]
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline3
Diaz-Rubio E ,Tabernero J ,Gomez-Espana A , et al. Phase III study of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin compared with continuous-infusion fluorouracil plus oxaliplatin as firstline therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: final report of the Spanish Cooperative Group for the Treatment of Digestive Tumors Trial. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:4224-4230
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline4
Porschen R ,Arkenau HT ,Kubicka S , et al. Phase III study of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin compared with fluorouracil and leucovorin plus oxaliplatin in metastatic colorectal cancer: a final report of the AIO Colorectal Study Group. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:4217-4223
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline5
Hurwitz H ,Fehrenbacher L ,Novotny W , et al. Bevacizumab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin for meta-static colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2004;350:2335-2342
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline6
Kabbinavar FF ,Hambleton J ,Mass RD ,Hurwitz HI ,Bergsland E ,Sarkar S . Combined analysis of efficacy: the addition of bevacizumab to fluorouracil/leucovorin improves survival for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:3706-3712
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline7
Saltz LB ,Clarke S ,Diaz-Rubio E , et al. Bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy as first- line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized phase III study. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:2013-2019[Erratum, J Clin Oncol 2008;26:3110.]
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline8
Jonker DJ ,O'Callaghan CJ ,Karapetis CS , et al. Cetuximab for the treatment of colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2007;357:2040-2048
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline9
Cunningham D ,Humblet Y ,Siena S , et al. Cetuximab monotherapy and cetuximab plus irinotecan in irinotecanrefractory metastatic colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2004;351:337-345
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline10
Tol J ,Koopman M ,Rodenburg CJ , et al. A randomised phase III study on capecitabine, oxaliplatin and bevacizumab with or without cetuximab in first-line advanced colo-rectal cancer, the CAIRO2 study of the Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group (DCCG): an interim analysis of toxicity. Ann Oncol 2008;19:734-738
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline11
Therasse P ,Arbuck SG ,Eisenhauer EA , et al. New guidelines to evaluate the response to treatment in solid tumors. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000;92:205-216
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline12
Ciardiello F ,Bianco R ,Damiano V , et al. Antiangiogenic and antitumor activity of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor C225 monoclonal antibody in combination with vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligonucleotide in human GEO colon cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res 2000;6:3739-3747
Web of Science | Medline13
Jung YD ,Mansfield PF ,Akagi M , et al. Effects of combination anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapies on the growth of gastric cancer in a nude mouse model. Eur J Cancer 2002;38:1133-1140
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline14
Shaheen RM ,Ahmad SA ,Liu W , et al. Inhibited growth of colon cancer carcinomatosis by antibodies to vascular endothelial and epidermal growth factor receptors. Br J Cancer 2001;85:584-589
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline15
Tonra JR ,Deevi DS ,Corcoran E , et al. Synergistic antitumor effects of combined epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 targeted therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12:2197-2207
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline16
Hecht JR, Mitchell E, Chidiac T, et al. An updated analysis of the safety and efficacy of oxaliplatin (Ox)/bevacizumab (bev) +/− panitumumab (pmab) for first-line treatment (tx) of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) from a randomized, controlled trial (PACCE). In: Program and abstracts of the 2008 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium, Orlando, FL, January 25–27, 2008.
17
Hecht JR, Mitchell E, Chidiac T, et al. Interim results from PACCE: Irinotecan (Iri)/ bevacizumab (bev) +/- panitumumab (pmab) as first-line treatment (tx) for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). In: Proceedings and abstracts of the 2008 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium, Orlando, FL, January 25–27, 2008.
18
Saltz LB ,Lenz HJ ,Kindler HL , et al. Randomized phase II trial of cetuximab, bevacizumab, and irinotecan compared with cetuximab and bevacizumab alone in irinotecanrefractory colorectal cancer: the BOND-2 study. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:4557-4561
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline19
Bokemeyer C, Staroslawska E, Makhson A, et al. Cetuximab plus 5-FU/LV/oxaliplatin (FOLFOX-4) in the firstline treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): a large-scale phase II study, OPUS. Presented at the European Cancer Conference 2007, Barcelona, September 23–27, 2007.
20
Van Cutsem E ,Nowacki M ,Lang I , et al. Randomized phase III study of irinotecan and 5FU/LV with or without cetuximab in the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): the CRYSTAL trial. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 2007;25:164S-164S21
Scartozzi M, Galizia E, Chiorrini S, et al. Arterial hypertension correlates with clinical outcome in colorectal cancer patients treated with first-line bevacizumab. Ann Oncol 2008 Oct 7 (Epub ahead of print).
22
De Roock W ,Piessevaux H ,De Schutter J , et al. KRAS wild-type state predicts survival and is associated to early radiological response in metastatic colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab. Ann Oncol 2008;19:508-515
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline23
Lievre A ,Bachet JB ,Boige V , et al. KRAS mutations as an independent prognostic factor in patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:374-379
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline24
Karpatis CS ,Khambata-Ford S ,Jonker DJ , et al. K-RAS mutations and benefit from cetuximab in advanced colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2008;359:1757-1765
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline25
Bokemeyer C ,Bondarenko I ,Hartmann JT , et al. KRAS status and efficacy of first-line treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with FOLFOX with or without cetuximab: the OPUS experience. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:Suppl:178s-178s
CrossRef | Web of Science26
Van Cutsem E ,Lang I ,D'haens G , et al. KRAS status and efficacy in the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with FOLFIRI with or without cetuximab: the CRYSTAL experience. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:Suppl:5s-5s
CrossRef | Web of Science
- Citing Articles (256)
Citing Articles
1
Jason E. Faris, Andrew X. Zhu. (2012) Targeted therapy for biliary tract cancers. Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Sciences
CrossRef2
Terence C. Chua, Winston Liauw, Francis Chu, David L. Morris. (2012) Viewing Metastatic Colorectal Cancer as a Curable Chronic Disease. American Journal of Clinical Oncology 35:1, 77-80
CrossRef3
Kuno Lehmann, Andreas Rickenbacher, Achim Weber, Bernhard C. Pestalozzi, Pierre-Alain Clavien. (2012) Chemotherapy Before Liver Resection of Colorectal Metastases. Annals of Surgery 255:2, 237-247
CrossRef4
Shahe Boghossian, Ahmed Hawash. (2012) Chemoprevention in colorectal cancer - where we stand and what we have learned from twenty year's experience. The Surgeon 10:1, 43-52
CrossRef5
Efrat Dotan, Neal J. Meropol, Barbara Burtness, Crystal S. Denlinger, James Lee, David Mintzer, Fang Zhu, Karen Ruth, Holly Tuttle, Judi Sylvester, Steven J. Cohen. (2012) A Phase II Study of Capecitabine, Oxaliplatin, and Cetuximab with or Without Bevacizumab as Frontline Therapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. A Fox Chase Extramural Research Study. Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer
CrossRef6
Guido Carillio, Agnese Montanino, Raffaele Costanzo, Claudia Sandomenico, Maria Carmela Piccirillo, Massimo Di Maio, Gennaro Daniele, Pasqualina Giordano, Jane Bryce, Nicola Normanno, Gaetano Rocco, Francesco Perrone, Alessandro Morabito. (2012) Cetuximab in non-small-cell lung cancer. Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 12:2, 163-175
CrossRef7
Chloe E. Atreya, Gregory S. Ducker, Morris E. Feldman, Emily K. Bergsland, Robert S. Warren, Kevan M. Shokat. (2012) Combination of ATP-competitive mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors with standard chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. Investigational New Drugs
CrossRef8
Bengt Glimelius, Nina Cavalli-Björkman. (2012) Metastatic colorectal cancer: current treatment and future options for improved survival. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology1-19
CrossRef9
E Dotan, N J Meropol, F Zhu, F Zambito, B Bove, K Q Cai, A K Godwin, E A Golemis, I Astsaturov, S J Cohen. (2012) Relationship of increased aurora kinase A gene copy number, prognosis and response to chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. British Journal of Cancer
CrossRef10
F. Petrelli, M. Cabiddu, K. Borgonovo, S. Barni. (2012) Risk of venous and arterial thromboembolic events associated with anti-EGFR agents: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Annals of Oncology
CrossRef11
Q.- S. Ng, H. Mandeville, V. Goh, R. Alonzi, J. Milner, D. Carnell, K. Meer, A. R. Padhani, M. I. Saunders, P. J. Hoskin. (2012) Phase Ib trial of radiotherapy in combination with combretastatin-A4-phosphate in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, prostate adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Annals of Oncology 23:1, 231-237
CrossRef12
Arthi Vijayaraghavan, Molly B. Efrusy, Burkhard Göke, Thomas Kirchner, Christopher C. Santas, Richard M. Goldberg. (2012) Cost-effectiveness of KRAS testing in metastatic colorectal cancer patients in the United States and Germany. International Journal of Cancern/a-n/a
CrossRef13
Maximilian J Waldner, Markus F Neurath. (2012) Targeting the VEGF signaling pathway in cancer therapy. Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets 16:1, 5-13
CrossRef14
Leonie J.M. Mekenkamp, Karin J. Heesterbeek, Miriam Koopman, Jolien Tol, Steven Teerenstra, Sabine Venderbosch, Cornelis J.A. Punt, Iris D. Nagtegaal. (2012) Mucinous adenocarcinomas: Poor prognosis in metastatic colorectal cancer. European Journal of Cancer
CrossRef15
Wolf-Dieter Ludwig. (2012) Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der stratifizierenden Medizin am Beispiel von prädiktiven Biomarkern und „zielgerichteten“ medikamentösen Therapien in der Onkologie. Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen
CrossRef16
Chakkarin Burudpakdee, Zhongyun Zhao, Julie Munakata, Sue Gao, Karen Trochlil, Beth Barber. (2011) Economic burden of toxicities associated with metastatic colorectal cancer treatment regimens containing monoclonal antibodies. Journal of Medical Economics1-7
CrossRef17
Sung Lee, Victoria H. Brophy, Jianli Cao, Margot Velez, Corey Hoeppner, Stephen Soviero, H. Jeffrey Lawrence. (2011) Analytical performance of a PCR assay for the detection of KRAS mutations (codons 12/13 and 61) in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of colorectal carcinoma. Virchows Archiv
CrossRef18
Hannes P. Neeff, Oliver Drognitz, Andrea Klock, Gerald Illerhaus, Oliver G. Opitz, Ulrich T. Hopt, Frank Makowiec. (2011) Impact of preoperative targeted therapy on postoperative complications after resection of colorectal liver metastases. International Journal of Colorectal Disease
CrossRef19
Thomas H. Cartwright. (2011) Treatment Decisions After Diagnosis of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Clinical Colorectal Cancer
CrossRef20
Vikram K. Jain, Eliza A. Hawkes, David Cunningham. (2011) Integration of Biologic Agents With Cytotoxic Chemotherapy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Clinical Colorectal Cancer 10:4, 245-257
CrossRef21
Ezzeldin M. Ibrahim, Khaled M. Abouelkhair. (2011) Clinical outcome of panitumumab for metastatic colorectal cancer with wild-type KRAS status: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Medical Oncology 28:S1, 310-317
CrossRef22
Hao Zhuang, Zhen-yi Xue, Lu Wang, Xiao-yan Li, Ning Zhang, Rong-xin Zhang. (2011) Efficacy and immune mechanisms of cetuximab for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research 8:4, 207-214
CrossRef23
Leticia De Mattos-Arruda, Rodrigo Dienstmann, Josep Tabernero. (2011) Development of Molecular Biomarkers in Individualized Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Clinical Colorectal Cancer 10:4, 279-289
CrossRef24
Leticia De Mattos-Arruda, David Olmos, Josep Tabernero. (2011) Prognostic and predictive roles for circulating biomarkers in gastrointestinal cancer. Future Oncology 7:12, 1385-1397
CrossRef25
Sangeetha Reddy, Maxwell Vergo, Al B. Benson. (2011) Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Colorectal Cancer. Current Colorectal Cancer Reports 7:4, 267-274
CrossRef26
Rodrigo Dienstmann, Sara De Dosso, Enriqueta Felip, Josep Tabernero. (2011) Drug development to overcome resistance to EGFR inhibitors in lung and colorectal cancer. Molecular Oncology
CrossRef27
B Melichar, E Casado, J Bridgewater, J Bennouna, M Campone, P Vitek, J-P Delord, J Cerman, R Salazar, J Dvorak, C Sguotti, P Urban, K Viraswami-Appanna, E Tan, J Tabernero. (2011) Clinical activity of patupilone in patients with pretreated advanced/metastatic colon cancer: results of a phase I dose escalation trial. British Journal of Cancer 105:11, 1646-1653
CrossRef28
Leonard Saltz, Suprith Badarinath, Shaker Dakhil, Bryan Bienvenu, W. Graydon Harker, George Birchfield, Laurence K. Tokaz, David Barrera, Paul R. Conkling, Mark A. O'Rourke, Donald A. Richards, Diane Reidy, David Solit, Efsevia Vakiani, Marinella Capanu, Amy Scales, Feng Zhan, Kristi A. Boehm, Lina Asmar, Allen Cohn. (2011) Phase III Trial of Cetuximab, Bevacizumab, and 5-Fluorouracil/Leucovorin vs. FOLFOX-Bevacizumab in Colorectal Cancer. Clinical Colorectal Cancer
CrossRef29
Y. Balagula, S. Wu, X. Su, M. E. Lacouture. (2011) The effect of cytotoxic chemotherapy on the risk of high-grade acneiform rash to cetuximab in cancer patients: a meta-analysis. Annals of Oncology 22:11, 2366-2374
CrossRef30
Emmanuelle Norguet, Laetitia Dahan, Jean Gaudart, Mohamed Gasmi, L’houcine Ouafik, Jean-François Seitz. (2011) Cetuximab after bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer: Is it the best sequence?. Digestive and Liver Disease 43:11, 917-919
CrossRef31
Claire L. Vale, Jayne F. Tierney, David Fisher, Richard A. Adams, Richard Kaplan, Timothy S. Maughan, Mahesh K.B. Parmar, Angela M. Meade. (2011) Does anti-EGFR therapy improve outcome in advanced colorectal cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Treatment Reviews
CrossRef32
Sabine Venderbosch, Johannes H. Wilt, Steven Teerenstra, Olaf J. Loosveld, Aart Bochove, Harm A. Sinnige, Geert-Jan M. Creemers, Margot E. Tesselaar, Linda Mol, Cornelis J. A. Punt, Miriam Koopman. (2011) Prognostic Value of Resection of Primary Tumor in Patients with Stage IV Colorectal Cancer: Retrospective Analysis of Two Randomized Studies and a Review of the Literature. Annals of Surgical Oncology 18:12, 3252-3260
CrossRef33
Lieke H.J. Simkens, Miriam Koopman, Linda Mol, Gerrit Jan Veldhuis, Daan Ten Bokkel Huinink, Erik W. Muller, Veerle A. Derleyn, Steven Teerenstra, Cornelis J.A. Punt. (2011) Influence of body mass index on outcome in advanced colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy. European Journal of Cancer 47:17, 2560-2567
CrossRef34
J.M. Baas, L.L. Krens, H.-J. Guchelaar, J. Ouwerkerk, F.A de Jong, A.P.M. Lavrijsen, H. Gelderblom. (2011) Recommendations on management of EGFR inhibitor-induced skin toxicity: A systematic review. Cancer Treatment Reviews
CrossRef35
Kristoffer S. Rohrberg, René K. Olesen, Per Pfeiffer, Morten Ladekarl, Helle Pappot, Ib J. Christensen, Gunilla Høyer-Hansen, Morten Sørensen, Birgit G. Skov, Ian Buysschaert, Peter Carmeliet, Ulrik Lassen. (2011) Phase II trial of erlotinib and bevacizumab in patients with advanced upper gastrointestinal cancers. Acta Oncologica1-9
CrossRef36
Sergej M. Kiprijanov. 2011. Bispecific Antibodies and Immune Therapy Targeting. , 441-482.
CrossRef37
Paul HS Shaw, Richard A Adams. (2011) Where now for anti-EGF receptor therapies in colorectal cancer?. Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 11:10, 1543-1553
CrossRef38
Robert Pirker, Martin Filipits. (2011) Monoclonal antibodies against EGFR in non-small cell lung cancer. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 80:1, 1-9
CrossRef39
Selwyn J. Hurwitz, Hongzheng Zhang, Sujin Yun, Thil D. Batuwangala, Michael Steward, Steve D. Holmes, Daniel Rycroft, Lin Pan, Mourad Tighiouart, Hyung Ju C. Shin, Lydia Koenig, Yuxiang Wang, Zhuo Chen, Dong M. Shin. (2011) Pharmacodynamics of DT-IgG, a dual-targeting antibody against VEGF-EGFR, in tumor xenografted mice. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology
CrossRef40
K. Yonesaka, K. Zejnullahu, I. Okamoto, T. Satoh, F. Cappuzzo, J. Souglakos, D. Ercan, A. Rogers, M. Roncalli, M. Takeda, Y. Fujisaka, J. Philips, T. Shimizu, O. Maenishi, Y. Cho, J. Sun, A. Destro, K. Taira, K. Takeda, T. Okabe, J. Swanson, H. Itoh, M. Takada, E. Lifshits, K. Okuno, J. A. Engelman, R. A. Shivdasani, K. Nishio, M. Fukuoka, M. Varella-Garcia, K. Nakagawa, P. A. Janne. (2011) Activation of ERBB2 Signaling Causes Resistance to the EGFR-Directed Therapeutic Antibody Cetuximab. Science Translational Medicine 3:99, 99ra86-99ra86
CrossRef41
Barbara Burtness. (2011) Commentary. The Cancer Journal 17:5, 273-275
CrossRef42
Jianmin Xu, Xinyu Qin, Jianping Wang, Suzhan Zhang, Yunshi Zhong, Li Ren, Ye Wei, Shaochong Zeng, Deseng Wan, Shu Zheng. (2011) Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of hepatic metastasis of colorectal cancer. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology 137:9, 1379-1396
CrossRef43
Comelis Verhoe, Johannes H. de Wilt, Jacobus W.A. Burger, Henk M.W. Verheu, Miriam Koopman. (2011) Surgery of the primary in stage IV colorectal cancer with unresectable metastases. European Journal of Cancer 47, S61-S66
CrossRef44
Wei Chua, Patricia S. Kho, Melissa M. Moore, Kellie A. Charles, Stephen J. Clarke. (2011) Clinical, laboratory and molecular factors predicting chemotherapy efficacy and toxicity in colorectal cancer. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 79:3, 224-250
CrossRef45
Gunnar Folprecht. (2011) Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for non-/resectable metastases. European Journal of Cancer 47, S52-S60
CrossRef46
Marc Peeters, Timothy Price. (2011) Biologic therapies in the metastatic colorectal cancer treatment continuum – Applying current evidence to clinical practice. Cancer Treatment Reviews
CrossRef47
Derek G. Power, Nancy E. Kemeny. (2011) Chemotherapy for the conversion of unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases to resection. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 79:3, 251-264
CrossRef48
Richard Sullivan, Jeffrey Peppercorn, Karol Sikora, John Zalcberg, Neal J Meropol, Eitan Amir, David Khayat, Peter Boyle, Philippe Autier, Ian F Tannock, Tito Fojo, Jim Siderov, Steve Williamson, Silvia Camporesi, J Gordon McVie, Arnie D Purushotham, Peter Naredi, Alexander Eggermont, Murray F Brennan, Michael L Steinberg, Mark De Ridder, Susan A McCloskey, Dirk Verellen, Terence Roberts, Guy Storme, Rodney J Hicks, Peter J Ell, Bradford R Hirsch, David P Carbone, Kevin A Schulman, Paul Catchpole, David Taylor, Jan Geissler, Nancy G Brinker, David Meltzer, David Kerr, Matti Aapro. (2011) Delivering affordable cancer care in high-income countries. The Lancet Oncology 12:10, 933-980
CrossRef49
Aimery de Gramont. (2011) Re-challenge and the concept of lines of therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. European Journal of Cancer 47, S76-S84
CrossRef50
Marc Peeters, Allen Cohn, Claus-Henning Köhne, Jean-Yves Douillard. (2011) Panitumumab in Combination With Cytotoxic Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma. Clinical Colorectal Cancer
CrossRef51
Janine M. Davies, Richard M. Goldberg. (2011) Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Seminars in Oncology 38:4, 552-560
CrossRef52
Pierre Bohanes, Melissa J. LaBonte, Thomas Winder, Heinz-Josef Lenz. (2011) Predictive Molecular Classifiers in Colorectal Cancer. Seminars in Oncology 38:4, 576-587
CrossRef53
Y. Takiguchi. (2011) Pushing an Old Issue Towards a New Front Line. Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 41:8, 935-936
CrossRef54
Ricarda Seidensticker, Timm Denecke, Patrick Kraus, Max Seidensticker, Konrad Mohnike, Jörg Fahlke, Erika Kettner, Bert Hildebrandt, Oliver Dudeck, Maciej Pech, Holger Amthauer, Jens Ricke. (2011) Matched-Pair Comparison of Radioembolization Plus Best Supportive Care Versus Best Supportive Care Alone for Chemotherapy Refractory Liver-Dominant Colorectal Metastases. CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology
CrossRef55
H Bando, T Yoshino, K Tsuchihara, N Ogasawara, N Fuse, T Kojima, M Tahara, M Kojima, K Kaneko, T Doi, A Ochiai, H Esumi, A Ohtsu. (2011) KRAS mutations detected by the amplification refractory mutation system–Scorpion assays strongly correlate with therapeutic effect of cetuximab. British Journal of Cancer 105:3, 403-406
CrossRef56
S Stintzing, L Fischer von Weikersthal, U Vehling-Kaiser, M Stauch, H G Hass, H Dietzfelbinger, D Oruzio, S Klein, K Zellmann, T Decker, M Schulze, W Abenhardt, G Puchtler, H Kappauf, J Mittermüller, C Haberl, C Giessen, N Moosmann, V Heinemann. (2011) Correlation of capecitabine-induced skin toxicity with treatment efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: results from the German AIO KRK-0104 trial. British Journal of Cancer 105:2, 206-211
CrossRef57
Pipsa Saharinen, Lauri Eklund, Kristina Pulkki, Petri Bono, Kari Alitalo. (2011) VEGF and angiopoietin signaling in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Trends in Molecular Medicine 17:7, 347-362
CrossRef58
Annette K. Larsen, Djamila Ouaret, Karima El Ouadrani, Amélie Petitprez. (2011) Targeting EGFR and VEGF(R) pathway cross-talk in tumor survival and angiogenesis. Pharmacology & Therapeutics 131:1, 80-90
CrossRef59
Christopher R Garrett, Cathy Eng. (2011) Cetuximab in the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 11:7, 937-949
CrossRef60
Valérie Jouan-Hureaux, Cédric Boura, Jean-Louis Merlin, Béatrice Faivre. (2011) Modulation of endothelial cell network formation in vitro by molecular signaling of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) exposed to cetuximab. Microvascular Research
CrossRef61
Edward Chu. (2011) An Update on the Current and Emerging Targeted Agents in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Clinical Colorectal Cancer
CrossRef62
C R Garrett, L L Siu, A El-Khoueiry, J Buter, C M Rocha-Lima, J Marshall, P LoRusso, P Major, J Chemidlin, O Mokliatchouk, L Velasquez, W Hayes, D Feltquate, S Syed, S Ford, G Kollia, S Galbraith, D S A Nuyten. (2011) Phase I dose-escalation study to determine the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of brivanib alaninate in combination with full-dose cetuximab in patients with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies who have failed prior therapy. British Journal of Cancer 105:1, 44-52
CrossRef63
Lorenzo Fornaro, Maurizio Lucchesi, Chiara Caparello, Enrico Vasile, Sara Caponi, Laura Ginocchi, Gianluca Masi, Alfredo Falcone. (2011) Anti-HER agents in gastric cancer: from bench to bedside. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology 8:7, 369-383
CrossRef64
Timothy S Maughan, Richard A Adams, Christopher G Smith, Angela M Meade, Matthew T Seymour, Richard H Wilson, Shelley Idziaszczyk, Rebecca Harris, David Fisher, Sarah L Kenny, Edward Kay, Jenna K Mitchell, Ayman Madi, Bharat Jasani, Michelle D James, John Bridgewater, M John Kennedy, Bart Claes, Diether Lambrechts, Richard Kaplan, Jeremy P Cheadle. (2011) Addition of cetuximab to oxaliplatin-based first-line combination chemotherapy for treatment of advanced colorectal cancer: results of the randomised phase 3 MRC COIN trial. The Lancet 377:9783, 2103-2114
CrossRef65
Andrew H. Ko, Hagop Youssoufian, Jayne Gurtler, Karel Dicke, Omar Kayaleh, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Mark Keaton, Terry Katz, Shaila Ballal, Eric K. Rowinsky. (2011) A phase II randomized study of cetuximab and bevacizumab alone or in combination with gemcitabine as first-line therapy for metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Investigational New Drugs
CrossRef66
Robert Glynne-Jones, Miranda Kronfli. (2011) Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Drugs 71:9, 1153-1177
CrossRef67
C. Morales-Gutiérrez, A. Abad-Barahona, E. Moreno-González, R. Enríquez de Salamanca, I. Vegh. (2011) Tumour VEGF/Non Tumour VEGF protein expression ratio as a biomarker for survival in colorectal cancer patients. European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO) 37:6, 526-531
CrossRef68
Barbara-Ann Adelstein, Timothy A. Dobbins, Carole A. Harris, Ian C. Marschner, Robyn L. Ward. (2011) A systematic review and meta-analysis of KRAS status as the determinant of response to anti-EGFR antibodies and the impact of partner chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. European Journal of Cancer 47:9, 1343-1354
CrossRef69
Dirk Arnold, Alexander Stein. (2011) Adjuvant Therapy After Liver Resection for Colorectal Cancer Metastasis: What is the Evidence?. Current Colorectal Cancer Reports 7:2, 180-186
CrossRef70
Rebecca Y Kim, Hua Xu, Samuel Myllykangas, Hanlee Ji. (2011) Genetic-based biomarkers and next-generation sequencing: the future of personalized care in colorectal cancer. Personalized Medicine 8:3, 331-345
CrossRef71
J. Pander, J. A. M. Wessels, H. Gelderblom, T. van der Straaten, C. J. A. Punt, H.- J. Guchelaar. (2011) Pharmacogenetic interaction analysis for the efficacy of systemic treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer. Annals of Oncology 22:5, 1147-1153
CrossRef72
Shivaani Kummar, Martin E. Gutierrez, Alice Chen, Ismail B. Turkbey, Deborah Allen, Yvonne R. Horneffer, Lamin Juwara, Liang Cao, Yunkai Yu, Yeong Sang Kim, Jane Trepel, Helen Chen, Peter Choyke, Giovanni Melillo, Anthony J. Murgo, Jerry Collins, James H. Doroshow. (2011) Phase I trial of vandetanib and bevacizumab evaluating the VEGF and EGF signal transduction pathways in adults with solid tumours and lymphomas. European Journal of Cancer 47:7, 997-1005
CrossRef73
Autumn J. McRee, Richard M. Goldberg. (2011) Optimal Management of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Drugs 71:7, 869-884
CrossRef74
Daniel V.T. Catenacci, Mark Kozloff, Hedy L. Kindler, Blase Polite. (2011) Personalized Colon Cancer Care in 2010. Seminars in Oncology 38:2, 284-308
CrossRef75
Antoine Brouquet, Philippe Taleb, Anne-Sophie Lot, Alain Beauchet, Catherine Julie, Gregoire Prevost, Bernard Nordlinger, Christophe Penna. (2011) A Model of Primary Culture of Colorectal Cancer and Liver Metastasis to Predict Chemosensitivity. Journal of Surgical Research 166:2, 247-254
CrossRef76
Fotios Loupakis, Chiara Cremolini, Marta Schirripa, Gianluca Masi, Alfredo Falcone. (2011) Cytotoxic triplets plus a biologic: state-of-the-art in maximizing the potential of up-front medical treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 11:4, 519-531
CrossRef77
Rodrigo Leite de Oliveira, Alexander Hamm, Massimiliano Mazzone. (2011) Growing tumor vessels: More than one way to skin a cat – Implications for angiogenesis targeted cancer therapies. Molecular Aspects of Medicine 32:2, 71-87
CrossRef78
Siyuan Zhang, Wen-Chien Huang, Ping Li, Hua Guo, Say-Bee Poh, Samuel W Brady, Yan Xiong, Ling-Ming Tseng, Shau-Hsuan Li, Zhaoxi Ding, Aysegul A Sahin, Francisco J Esteva, Gabriel N Hortobagyi, Dihua Yu. (2011) Combating trastuzumab resistance by targeting SRC, a common node downstream of multiple resistance pathways. Nature Medicine 17:4, 461-469
CrossRef79
N Knijn, L J M Mekenkamp, M Klomp, M E Vink-Börger, J Tol, S Teerenstra, J W R Meijer, M Tebar, S Riemersma, J H J M van Krieken, C J A Punt, I D Nagtegaal. (2011) KRAS mutation analysis: a comparison between primary tumours and matched liver metastases in 305 colorectal cancer patients. British Journal of Cancer 104:6, 1020-1026
CrossRef80
Elwyn C. Cabebe, George A. Fisher, Branimir I. Sikic. (2011) A phase I trial of vandetanib combined with capecitabine, oxaliplatin and bevacizumab for the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Investigational New Drugs
CrossRef81
Timothy Poterucha, Brian Burnette, Aminah Jatoi. (2011) A decline in weight and attrition of muscle in colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy with bevacizumab. Medical Oncology
CrossRef82
Edward L. Korn, Boris Freidlin. (2011) Inefficacy Interim Monitoring Procedures in Randomized Clinical Trials: The Need to Report. The American Journal of Bioethics 11:3, 2-10
CrossRef83
B. Bengsch, R. Thimme, H.E. Blum. (2011) Individualisierte Medizin 2011. Der Gastroenterologe 6:2, 106-111
CrossRef84
Enrique Aranda, Albert Abad, Alfredo Carrato, Andrés Cervantes, Jesús García-Foncillas, Pilar García Alfonso, Rocío García Carbonero, Auxiliadora Gómez España, Josep M. Tabernero, Eduardo Díaz-Rubio. (2011) Treatment recommendations for metastatic colorectal cancer. Clinical and Translational Oncology 13:3, 162-178
CrossRef85
Jun Fang, Hideaki Nakamura, Hiroshi Maeda. (2011) The EPR effect: Unique features of tumor blood vessels for drug delivery, factors involved, and limitations and augmentation of the effect. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 63:3, 136-151
CrossRef86
John M. L. Ebos, Robert S. Kerbel. (2011) Antiangiogenic therapy: impact on invasion, disease progression, and metastasis. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 8:4, 210-221
CrossRef87
P. M. Verheijen, A. R. L. Stevenson, J. W. Lumley, A. J. Clark, R. W. Stitz, D. A. Clark. (2011) Laparoscopic resection of advanced colorectal cancer. British Journal of Surgery 98:3, 427-430
CrossRef88
Rodrigo Dienstmann, Eduardo Vilar, Josep Tabernero. (2011) Molecular Predictors of Response to Chemotherapy in Colorectal Cancer. The Cancer Journal 17:2, 114-126
CrossRef89
Filipe A Muhale, Barbara A Wetmore, Russell S Thomas, Howard L McLeod. (2011) Systems pharmacology assessment of the 5-fluorouracil pathway. Pharmacogenomics 12:3, 341-350
CrossRef90
V. E. P. P. Lemmens, N. Haan, H. J. T. Rutten, H. Martijn, O. J. L. Loosveld, R. M. H. Roumen, G. J. M. Creemers. (2011) Improvements in population-based survival of patients presenting with metastatic rectal cancer in the south of the Netherlands, 1992–2008. Clinical & Experimental Metastasis 28:3, 283-290
CrossRef91
Robert O. Dillman. (2011) Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals 26:1, 1-64
CrossRef92
Shaotang Li, Pan Chi. (2011) Optimizing the Efficacy of First-Line Chemotherapy plus Bevacizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. BioDrugs 25:1, 43-50
CrossRef93
Shahe Boghossian, Stuart Robinson, Alexei Von Delwig, Derek Manas, Steve White. (2011) Immunotherapy for treating metastatic colorectal cancer. Surgical Oncology
CrossRef94
H. Bando, K. Tsuchihara, T. Yoshino, M. Kojima, N. Ogasawara, H. Fukushima, A. Ochiai, A. Ohtsu, H. Esumi. (2011) Biased Discordance of KRAS Mutation Detection in Archived Colorectal Cancer Specimens Between the ARMS-Scorpion Method and Direct Sequencing. Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 41:2, 239-244
CrossRef95
David Davidson, Yannick Coulombe, Veronica L. Martinez-Marignac, Lilian Amrein, Jeremy Grenier, Keira Hodkinson, Jean-Yves Masson, Raquel Aloyz, Lawrence Panasci. (2011) Irinotecan and DNA-PKcs inhibitors synergize in killing of colon cancer cells. Investigational New Drugs
CrossRef96
G. Masi, E. Vasile, F. Loupakis, S. Cupini, L. Fornaro, G. Baldi, L. Salvatore, C. Cremolini, I. Stasi, I. Brunetti, M. A. Fabbri, M. Puglisi, P. Trenta, C. Granetto, S. Chiara, L. Fioretto, G. Allegrini, L. Crino, M. Andreuccetti, A. Falcone. (2011) Randomized Trial of Two Induction Chemotherapy Regimens in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: An Updated Analysis. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 103:1, 21-30
CrossRef97
Chien-Hsing Lin, Jen-Kou Lin, Shih-Ching Chang, Ya-Hui Chang, Hwey-May Chang, Jin-Hwang Liu, Ling-Hui Li, Yuan-Tsong Chen, Shih-Feng Tsai, Wei-Shone Chen. (2011) Molecular profile and copy number analysis of sporadic colorectal cancer in Taiwan. Journal of Biomedical Science 18:1, 36
CrossRef98
N. Ogasawara, H. Bando, Y. Kawamoto, T. Yoshino, K. Tsuchihara, A. Ohtsu, H. Esumi. (2011) Feasibility and Robustness of Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS)-based KRAS Testing Using Clinically Available Formalin-fixed, Paraffin-embedded Samples of Colorectal Cancers. Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 41:1, 52-56
CrossRef99
G.P. Stathopoulos. (2011) Reply to Dr. Kabbinavar and Dr. Kozloff. Oncology 80:1-2, 140-141
CrossRef100
Hongzheng Zhang, Sujin Yun, Thil D. Batuwangala, Michael Steward, Steve D. Holmes, Lin Pan, Mourad Tighiouart, Hyung Ju C. Shin, Lydia Koenig, Wungki Park, Daniel Rycroft, Sreenivas Nannapaneni, Yuxiang Wang, Zhuo Georgia Chen, Dong M. Shin. (2011) A dual-targeting antibody against EGFR-VEGF for lung and head and neck cancer treatment. International Journal of Cancern/a-n/a
CrossRef101
Fairooz Kabbinavar, Mark Kozloff. (2011) Regarding ‘Treatment of Colorectal Cancer with and without Bevacizumab: A Phase III Study’. Oncology 80:1-2, 135-137
CrossRef102
Takashi Masuko, Yoshiya Ohno, Kazue Masuko, Hideki Yagi, Shinya Uejima, Masayuki Takechi, Yoshiyuki Hashimoto. (2011) Towards therapeutic antibodies to membrane oncoproteins by a robust strategy using rats immunized with transfectants expressing target molecules fused to green fluorescent protein. Cancer Science 102:1, 25-35
CrossRef103
Anke Reinacher-Schick. (2011) Metastasiertes kolorektales Karzinom – State of the Art 2011. Viszeralmedizin 27:6, 445-453
CrossRef104
Fotios Loupakis, Chiara Cremolini, Lisa Salvatore, Marta Schirripa, Sara Lonardi, Vanja Vaccaro, Federica Cuppone, Diana Giannarelli, Vittorina Zagonel, Francesco Cognetti, Giampaolo Tortora, Alfredo Falcone, Emilio Bria. (2011) Clinical impact of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies in first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Cancern/a-n/a
CrossRef105
J. Feliu Batlle, E. Cuadrado, J. Castro, T. Caldés, C. Belda, J. Sastre, J. Barriuso, V. Martínez Marín, E. Díaz-Rubio, M. González-Barón. (2011) Irinotecan-Cetuximab-Bevacizumab as a Salvage Treatment in Heavily Pretreated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study. Chemotherapy 57:2, 138-144
CrossRef106
Harold J. Wanebo, David Berz. (2010) The neoadjuvant therapy of colorectal hepatic metastases and the role of biologic sensitizing and resistance factors. Journal of Surgical Oncology 102:8, 891-897
CrossRef107
Ravit Geva, Hans Prenen, Baki Topal, Raymond Aerts, Jaarke Vannoote, Eric Van Cutsem. (2010) Biologic modulation of chemotherapy in patients with hepatic colorectal metastases: The role of anti-VEGF and anti-EGFR antibodies. Journal of Surgical Oncology 102:8, 937-945
CrossRef108
L. H. J. Simkens, J. Tol, L. W. M. M. Terstappen, S. Teerenstra, C. J. A. Punt, I. D. Nagtegaal. (2010) The predictive and prognostic value of circulating endothelial cells in advanced colorectal cancer patients receiving first-line chemotherapy and bevacizumab. Annals of Oncology 21:12, 2447-2448
CrossRef109
Yixiang Wang, Ling Dong, Qingwei Bi, Xiao Li, Dengcheng Wu, Xiyuan Ge, Xiaoxia Zhang, Jia Fu, Chengfei Zhang, Cunyu Wang, Shenglin Li. (2010) Investigation of the efficacy of a bevacizumab-cetuximab-cisplatin regimen in treating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in mice. Targeted Oncology 5:4, 237-243
CrossRef110
Allyson J. Ocean, Blase Polite, Paul Christos, Lisa Horvath, Anne Hamilton, Daniel Matulich, Helen X. Chen, Joseph A. Sparano, Hedy L. Kindler. (2010) Cetuximab is Associated With Excessive Toxicity When Combined With Bevacizumab Plus mFOLFOX6 in Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma. Clinical Colorectal Cancer 9:5, 290-296
CrossRef111
Uzma Asghar, Eliza Hawkes, David Cunningham. (2010) Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers for Targeted Therapy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Clinical Colorectal Cancer 9:5, 274-281
CrossRef112
Anning Yin, Yingan Jiang, Xianfeng Zhang, Juan Zhao, Hesheng Luo. (2010) Transfection of PDCD5 sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. European Journal of Pharmacology 649:1-3, 120-126
CrossRef113
Inti Zlobec, Michal Kovac, Priska Erzberger, Francesca Molinari, Michel P. Bihl, Alexander Rufle, Anja Foerster, Milo Frattini, Luigi Terracciano, Karl Heinimann, Alessandro Lugli. (2010) Combined analysis of specific KRAS mutation, BRAF and microsatellite instability identifies prognostic subgroups of sporadic and hereditary colorectal cancer. International Journal of Cancer 127:11, 2569-2575
CrossRef114
Michiel F.G. de Maat, Norihiko Narita, Anne Benard, Tetsunori Yoshimura, Christine Kuo, Rob A.E.M. Tollenaar, Noel F.C.C. de Miranda, Roderick R. Turner, Cornelis J.H. van de Velde, Hans Morreau, Dave S.B. Hoon. (2010) Development of Sporadic Microsatellite Instability in Colorectal Tumors Involves Hypermethylation at Methylated-In-Tumor Loci in Adenoma. The American Journal of Pathology 177:5, 2347-2356
CrossRef115
Shivanni Kummar, Helen X. Chen, John Wright, Susan Holbeck, Myrtle Davis Millin, Joseph Tomaszewski, James Zweibel, Jerry Collins, James H. Doroshow. (2010) Utilizing targeted cancer therapeutic agents in combination: novel approaches and urgent requirements. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 9:11, 843-856
CrossRef116
Sergio Rizzo, Giuseppe Bronte, Daniele Fanale, Lidia Corsini, Nicola Silvestris, Daniele Santini, Gaspare Gulotta, Viviana Bazan, Nicola Gebbia, Fabio Fulfaro, Antonio Russo. (2010) Prognostic vs predictive molecular biomarkers in colorectal cancer: is KRAS and BRAF wild type status required for anti-EGFR therapy?. Cancer Treatment Reviews 36, S56-S61
CrossRef117
Frédéric Varnat, Irene Siegl-Cachedenier, Monica Malerba, Pascal Gervaz, Ariel Ruiz i Altaba. (2010) Loss of WNT-TCF addiction and enhancement of HH-GLI1 signalling define the metastatic transition of human colon carcinomas. EMBO Molecular Medicine 2:11, 440-457
CrossRef118
Y. Ishii, H. Hasegawa, T. Endo, K. Okabayashi, H. Ochiai, K. Moritani, M. Watanabe, Y. Kitagawa. (2010) Medium-term results of neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy using irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO) 36:11, 1061-1065
CrossRef119
Maria P. Hernandez-Fuentes, Robert I. Lechler. (2010) A 'biomarker signature' for tolerance in transplantation. Nature Reviews Nephrology 6:10, 606-613
CrossRef120
Michele Visentin, Paola Biason, Giuseppe Toffoli. (2010) Drug interactions among the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors, other biologics and cytotoxic agents. Pharmacology & Therapeutics 128:1, 82-90
CrossRef121
Suzanne M. Gillern, Terence C. Chua, Alexander Stojadinovic, Jesus Esquivel. (2010) KRAS Status in Patients With Colorectal Cancer Peritoneal Carcinomatosis and Its Impact on Outcome. American Journal of Clinical Oncology 33:5, 456-460
CrossRef122
T. Doi, N. Boku, K. Kato, Y. Komatsu, K. Yamaguchi, K. Muro, Y. Hamamoto, A. Sato, W. Koizumi, N. Mizunuma, H. Takiuchi. (2010) Phase I/II Study of Capecitabine Plus Oxaliplatin (XELOX) Plus Bevacizumab As First-line Therapy in Japanese Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 40:10, 913-920
CrossRef123
S. D. Richman, G. G. A. Hutchins, M. T. Seymour, P. Quirke. (2010) What can the molecular pathologist offer for optimal decision making?. Annals of Oncology 21:Supplement 7, vii123-vii129
CrossRef124
Christos Katsios, Dimosthenis E Ziogas, Dimitrios H Roukos. (2010) Colorectal cancer: cetuximab, KRAS , BRAF , PIK3CA mutations and beyond. Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 4:5, 525-529
CrossRef125
Li-Xin Qiu, Chen Mao, Jian Zhang, Xiao-Dong Zhu, Ru-Yan Liao, Kai Xue, Jin Li, Qing Chen. (2010) Predictive and prognostic value of KRAS mutations in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with cetuximab: A meta-analysis of 22 studies. European Journal of Cancer 46:15, 2781-2787
CrossRef126
Stephen Leong, S. Gail Eckhardt, Wells A. Messersmith. (2010) Management Strategies for Patients with KRAS Mutations. Current Colorectal Cancer Reports 6:4, 199-205
CrossRef127
C.- H. Kohne. (2010) How to integrate molecular targeted agents in the continuum of care. Annals of Oncology 21:Supplement 7, vii134-vii139
CrossRef128
H. Senellart, S. Hiret, J. Bennouna. (2010) Cancer colorectal: stratégies thérapeutiques en situation métastatique. Oncologie 12:10, 593-600
CrossRef129
Hubert E. Blum. (2010) Individualized medicine 2010. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 14:9, 2257-2263
CrossRef130
Cheng E. Chee, Frank A. Sinicrope. (2010) Targeted Therapeutic Agents for Colorectal Cancer. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 39:3, 601-613
CrossRef131
Lee M Ellis, Isaiah J Fidler. (2010) Finding the tumor copycat: Therapy fails, patients don't. Nature Medicine 16:9, 974-975
CrossRef132
M. Degirmenci, B. Karaca, G. Gorumlu, R. Durusoy, G. Demir Piskin, M. T. Bozkurt, Y. Cirak, D. Tunali, B. Karabulut, U. A. Sanli, R. Uslu. (2010) Efficacy and safety of bevacizumab plus capecitabine and irinotecan regimen for metastatic colorectal cancer. Medical Oncology 27:3, 585-591
CrossRef133
Sebastian L. Ochenduszko, Krzysztof Krzemieniecki. (2010) Targeted therapy in advanced colorectal cancer: more data, more questions. Anti-Cancer Drugs 21:8, 737-748
CrossRef134
Andreas H Marx, Margarete Zielinski, Charlotte-Marie Kowitz, Ana-Maria Dancau, Sabrina Thieltges, Ronald Simon, Matthias Choschzick, Emre Yekebas, Jussuf T Kaifi, Martina Mirlacher, Djordje Atanackovic, Tim H Brümmendorf, Walter Fiedler, Carsten Bokemeyer, Jakob R Izbicki, Guido Sauter. (2010) Homogeneous EGFR amplification defines a subset of aggressive Barrett’s adenocarcinomas with poor prognosis. Histopathology 57:3, 418-426
CrossRef135
Gianluca Masi, Fotios Loupakis, Lisa Salvatore, Lorenzo Fornaro, Chiara Cremolini, Samanta Cupini, Andrea Ciarlo, Francesca Del Monte, Enrico Cortesi, Domenico Amoroso, Cristina Granetto, Gabriella Fontanini, Elisa Sensi, Cristiana Lupi, Michele Andreuccetti, Alfredo Falcone. (2010) Bevacizumab with FOLFOXIRI (irinotecan, oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and folinate) as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: a phase 2 trial. The Lancet Oncology 11:9, 845-852
CrossRef136
Philip J. Gold, Bryan Goldman, Syma Iqbal, Lawrence P. Leichman, Wu Zhang, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Charles D. Blanke. (2010) Cetuximab as Second-Line Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Journal of Thoracic Oncology 5:9, 1472-1476
CrossRef137
Susana Banerjee, Stan B. Kaye, Alan Ashworth. (2010) Making the best of PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 7:9, 508-519
CrossRef138
T. Fojo, C. Grady. (2010) Response: Re: How Much Is Life Worth: Cetuximab, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, and the $440 Billion Question. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 102:15, 1207-1210
CrossRef139
Shiyang Wu, Zeyao Zhu, Jiaying He, Xiaodi Luo, Jiasen Xu, Lifen Ren-Heidenreich. (2010) A novel mutant-enriched liquidchip technology for the qualitative detection of somatic mutations in KRAS gene from both serum and tissue samples. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 48:8, 1103-1106
CrossRef140
Jolien Tol, Jeroen R. Dijkstra, Marianne E. Vink-Börger, Iris D. Nagtegaal, Cornelis J.A. Punt, Johan H.J.M. Van Krieken, Marjolijn J.L. Ligtenberg. (2010) High sensitivity of both sequencing and real-time PCR analysis of KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer tissue. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 14:8, 2122-2131
CrossRef141
Kia Homayounfar, Torsten Liersch, Martin Niessner, Johannes Meller, Thomas Lorf, Heinz Becker, B. Michael Ghadimi. (2010) Multimodal treatment options for bilobar colorectal liver metastases. Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery 395:6, 633-641
CrossRef142
K. Tsujino, J. Shiraishi, T. Tsuji, T. Kurata, T. Kawaguchi, A. Kubo, M. Takada. (2010) Is response rate increment obtained by molecular targeted agents related to survival benefit in the phase III trials of advanced cancer?. Annals of Oncology 21:8, 1668-1674
CrossRef143
Davide Tassinari, Paola Tombesi, Sergio Sartori. (2010) When More is Worse in Clinical Research and Clinical Practice. American Journal of Clinical Oncology 33:4, 424
CrossRef144
Raymond C. Wadlow, David P. Ryan. (2010) The role of targeted agents in preoperative chemoradiation for rectal cancer. Cancer 116:15, 3537-3548
CrossRef145
Jesús García-Foncillas, Eduardo Díaz-Rubio. (2010) Progress in metastatic colorectal cancer: growing role of cetuximab to optimize clinical outcome. Clinical and Translational Oncology 12:8, 533-542
CrossRef146
Jenia Jenab-Wolcott, Bruce J. Giantonio. (2010) Antiangiogenic Therapy in Colorectal Cancer: Where Are We 5 Years Later?. Clinical Colorectal Cancer 9:0, S7-S15
CrossRef147
Michael S. Braun, Matthew T. Seymour. (2010) Molecular Markers of Chemotherapy Response in Colorectal Cancer. Current Colorectal Cancer Reports 6:3, 118-125
CrossRef148
Joleen Hubbard, Axel Grothey. (2010) Antiangiogenesis agents in colorectal cancer. Current Opinion in Oncology 22:4, 374-380
CrossRef149
Jyrki T. Mäkelä, Heikki Kiviniemi. (2010) Clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer in patients under 40 years of age. International Journal of Colorectal Disease 25:7, 823-828
CrossRef150
Dimitrios H Roukos, Christos Katsios, Theodore Liakakos. (2010) Genotype–phenotype map and molecular networks: a promising solution in overcoming colorectal cancer resistance to targeted treatment. Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics 10:5, 541-545
CrossRef151
Jolien Tol, Jeroen R. Dijkstra, Marjolein Klomp, Steven Teerenstra, Martin Dommerholt, M. Elisa Vink-Börger, Patricia H. van Cleef, J. Han van Krieken, Cornelis J.A. Punt, Iris D. Nagtegaal. (2010) Markers for EGFR pathway activation as predictor of outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with or without cetuximab. European Journal of Cancer 46:11, 1997-2009
CrossRef152
Lisanne L. Krens, Jara M. Baas, Hans Gelderblom, Henk-Jan Guchelaar. (2010) Therapeutic modulation of k-ras signaling in colorectal cancer. Drug Discovery Today 15:13-14, 502-516
CrossRef153
Pasquale Comella, Rossana Casaretti, Antonio Avallone, Luca Franco. (2010) Optimizing the management of metastatic colorectal cancer. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 75:1, 15-26
CrossRef154
Patricia S Kho, Wei Chua, Melissa M Moore, Stephen J Clarke. (2010) Is it prime time for personalized medicine in cancer treatment?. Personalized Medicine 7:4, 387-397
CrossRef155
Jan Pander, Hans Gelderblom, Ninja F. Antonini, Jolien Tol, Johan H.J.M. van Krieken, Tahar van der Straaten, Cornelis J.A. Punt, Henk-Jan Guchelaar. (2010) Correlation of FCGR3A and EGFR germline polymorphisms with the efficacy of cetuximab in KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. European Journal of Cancer 46:10, 1829-1834
CrossRef156
Albiruni R.A. Razak, Lillian L. Siu, Fei-Fei Liu, Emma Ito, Brian O’Sullivan, Kelvin Chan. (2010) Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: The next challenges. European Journal of Cancer 46:11, 1967-1978
CrossRef157
Stacey Stein, Deirdre J. Cohen, Howard S. Hochster. (2010) Treatment Paradigms With Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Targeted Therapies in Colorectal Cancer. Clinical Colorectal Cancer 9:0, S44-S50
CrossRef158
Abby B. Siegel, Sonja K. Olsen, Arthur Magun, Robert S. Brown. (2010) Sorafenib: Where do we go from here?. Hepatology 52:1, 360-369
CrossRef159
J Pander, H Gelderblom, T van der Straaten, C J A Punt, H-J Guchelaar. (2010) Regarding: ‘Explorative study to identify novel candidate genes related to oxaliplatin efficacy and toxicity using a DNA repair array’. British Journal of Cancer 102:12, 1791-1792
CrossRef160
Z Saridaki, D Papadatos-Pastos, M Tzardi, D Mavroudis, E Bairaktari, H Arvanity, E Stathopoulos, V Georgoulias, J Souglakos. (2010) BRAF mutations, microsatellite instability status and cyclin D1 expression predict metastatic colorectal patients’ outcome. British Journal of Cancer 102:12, 1762-1768
CrossRef161
László Kopper. (2010) Panitumumab: An Arrow on Target. Pathology & Oncology Research 16:2, 143-148
CrossRef162
E. Van Cutsem, M. Dicato, N. Arber, J. Berlin, A. Cervantes, F. Ciardiello, A. De Gramont, E. Diaz-Rubio, M. Ducreux, R. Geva, B. Glimelius, R. G. Jones, A. Grothey, T. Gruenberger, D. Haller, K. Haustermans, R. Labianca, H. J. Lenz, B. Minsky, B. Nordlinger, A. Ohtsu, N. Pavlidis, P. Rougier, W. Schmiegel, C. Van de Velde, H. J. Schmoll, A. Sobrero, J. Tabernero. (2010) Molecular markers and biological targeted therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer: expert opinion and recommendations derived from the 11th ESMO/World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer, Barcelona, 2009. Annals of Oncology 21:Supplement 6, vi1-vi10
CrossRef163
G. Folprecht. (2010) Aktuelle medikamentöse Therapie des metastasierten Kolonkarzinoms. Der Chirurg 81:6, 507-515
CrossRef164
Derek G. Power, Manish A. Shah, Timothy R . Asmis, Joaquin J . Garcia, Nancy E. Kemeny. (2010) Safety and efficacy of panitumumab following cetuximab: retrospective review of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering experience. Investigational New Drugs 28:3, 353-360
CrossRef165
Ezzeldin M. Ibrahim, Jamal M. Zekri, Bakr M. Bin Sadiq. (2010) Cetuximab-based therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of the effect of K-ras mutations. International Journal of Colorectal Disease 25:6, 713-721
CrossRef166
Benjamin P. Negin, Steven J. Cohen. (2010) Circulating Tumor Cells in Colorectal Cancer: Past, Present, and Future Challenges. Current Treatment Options in Oncology 11:1-2, 1-13
CrossRef167
Mallika Singh, Anthony Lima, Rafael Molina, Patricia Hamilton, Anne C Clermont, Vidusha Devasthali, Jennifer D Thompson, Jason H Cheng, Hani Bou Reslan, Calvin C K Ho, Timothy C Cao, Chingwei V Lee, Michelle A Nannini, Germaine Fuh, Richard A D Carano, Hartmut Koeppen, Ron X Yu, William F Forrest, Gregory D Plowman, Leisa Johnson. (2010) Assessing therapeutic responses in Kras mutant cancers using genetically engineered mouse models. Nature Biotechnology 28:6, 585-593
CrossRef168
Saurabh Aggarwal. (2010) Targeted cancer therapies. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 9:6, 427-428
CrossRef169
A Lièvre, H Blons, P Laurent-Puig. (2010) Oncogenic mutations as predictive factors in colorectal cancer. Oncogene 29:21, 3033-3043
CrossRef170
César Serrano, Ben Markman, Josep Tabernero. (2010) Integration of Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Therapies With Cytotoxic Chemotherapy. The Cancer Journal 16:3, 226-234
CrossRef171
Derek G. Power, Stuart M. Lichtman. (2010) Chemotherapy for the Elderly Patient With Colorectal Cancer. The Cancer Journal 16:3, 241-252
CrossRef172
J. Tol, M. Koopman, M. C. Miller, A. Tibbe, A. Cats, G. J. M. Creemers, A. H. Vos, I. D. Nagtegaal, L. W. M. M. Terstappen, C. J. A. Punt. (2010) Circulating tumour cells early predict progression-free and overall survival in advanced colorectal cancer patients treated with chemotherapy and targeted agents. Annals of Oncology 21:5, 1006-1012
CrossRef173
Timothy J. R. Harris, Frank McCormick. (2010) The molecular pathology of cancer. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 7:5, 251-265
CrossRef174
Joseph Herman, Wells Messersmith, W. Warren Suh, William Blackstock, Bard C. Cosman, Mohammed Mohiuddin, Matthew M. Poggi, William F. Regine, Leonard Saltz, William Small, Jennifer Zook, Andre A. Konski. (2010) ACR Appropriateness Criteria®: Rectal Cancer—Metastatic Disease at Presentation. Current Problems in Cancer 34:3, 201-210
CrossRef175
Suilane Coelho Ribeiro Oliveira, Karime Kalil Machado, Jorge Sabbaga, Paulo M. Hoff. (2010) Integration of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapies With Cytotoxic Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. The Cancer Journal 16:3, 220-225
CrossRef176
Gillian M. Keating. (2010) Panitumumab. Drugs 70:8, 1059-1078
CrossRef177
Stephen Leong, Wells A. Messersmith, Aik Choon Tan, S. Gail Eckhardt. (2010) Novel Agents in the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. The Cancer Journal 16:3, 273-282
CrossRef178
E. Van Cutsem, B. Nordlinger, A. Cervantes, . (2010) Advanced colorectal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for treatment. Annals of Oncology 21:Supplement 5, v93-v97
CrossRef179
Albiruni RA Razak, Lillian L Siu, Christophe Le Tourneau. (2010) Molecular targeted therapies in all histologies of head and neck cancers: an update. Current Opinion in Oncology 22:3, 212-220
CrossRef180
Kazushi Suzuki, Toshio Kokuryo, Takeshi Senga, Yukihiro Yokoyama, Masato Nagino, Michinari Hamaguchi. (2010) Novel combination treatment for colorectal cancer using Nek2 siRNA and cisplatin. Cancer Science 101:5, 1163-1169
CrossRef181
A. Potti, R. L. Schilsky, J. R. Nevins. (2010) Refocusing the War on Cancer: The Critical Role of Personalized Treatment. Science Translational Medicine 2:28, 28cm13-28cm13
CrossRef182
Joseph R. Carver, Chaitali J. Desai. 2010. Cardiovascular Toxicity of Antitumor Drugs: Dimension of the Problem in Adult Settings. , 127-199.
CrossRef183
Daniel Renouf, Malcolm Moore. (2010) Evolution of systemic therapy for advanced pancreatic cancer. Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 10:4, 529-540
CrossRef184
Ralph V. Boccia, Thomas M. Cosgriff, David L. Headley, Suprith Badarinath, Shaker R. Dakhil. (2010) A Phase II Trial of FOLFOX6 and Cetuximab in the First-line Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Clinical Colorectal Cancer 9:2, 102-107
CrossRef185
Ahmad D. Siddiqui, Bilal Piperdi. (2010) KRAS Mutation in Colon Cancer: A Marker of Resistance to EGFR-I Therapy. Annals of Surgical Oncology 17:4, 1168-1176
CrossRef186
Brigette BY Ma, Herbert Loong. (2010) Personalized cancer therapy coming of age: clinical highlights in 2009 and future directions. Personalized Medicine 7:2, 121-124
CrossRef187
David Cunningham, Wendy Atkin, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Henry T Lynch, Bruce Minsky, Bernard Nordlinger, Naureen Starling. (2010) Colorectal cancer. The Lancet 375:9719, 1030-1047
CrossRef188
David E. Gerber, Hak Choy. (2010) Cetuximab in combination therapy: from bench to clinic. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews 29:1, 171-180
CrossRef189
Jolien Tol, Cornelis J.A. Punt. (2010) Monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: A review. Clinical Therapeutics 32:3, 437-453
CrossRef190
J. R. Cochran. (2010) Engineered Proteins Pull Double Duty. Science Translational Medicine 2:17, 17ps5-17ps5
CrossRef191
Joseph M. Amann, Ju-Whei Lee, Heinrich Roder, Julie Brahmer, Adriana Gonzalez, Joan H. Schiller, David P. Carbone. (2010) Genetic and Proteomic Features Associated with Survival after Treatment with Erlotinib in First-Line Therapy of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 3503. Journal of Thoracic Oncology 5:2, 169-178
CrossRef192
Zachary A. Knight, Henry Lin, Kevan M. Shokat. (2010) Targeting the cancer kinome through polypharmacology. Nature Reviews Cancer 10:2, 130-137
CrossRef193
T. Kirchner, A. Jung. (2010) Pathologische Diagnostik für die individualisierte Therapie des Dickdarmkarzinoms. Der Pathologe 31:1, 16-21
CrossRef194
Riad Salem, Robert J. Lewandowski, Mary F. Mulcahy, Ahsun Riaz, Robert K. Ryu, Saad Ibrahim, Bassel Atassi, Talia Baker, Vanessa Gates, Frank H. Miller, Kent T. Sato, Ed Wang, Ramona Gupta, Al B. Benson, Steven B. Newman, Reed A. Omary, Michael Abecassis, Laura Kulik. (2010) Radioembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Yttrium-90 Microspheres: A Comprehensive Report of Long-term Outcomes. Gastroenterology 138:1, 52-64
CrossRef195
Axel Grothey. (2010) Reintroduction of Oxaliplatin: A Viable Approach to the Long-Term Management of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Oncology 79:5-6, 389-399
CrossRef196
Ingrid A. Boere, Paul Hamberg, Stefan Sleijfer. (2010) It takes two to tango: Combinations of conventional cytotoxics with compounds targeting the vascular endothelial growth factorâvascular endothelial growth factor receptor pathway in patients with solid malignancies. Cancer Science 101:1, 7-15
CrossRef197
Jacob D. Feala, Jorge Cortes, Phillip M. Duxbury, Carlo Piermarocchi, Andrew D. McCulloch, Giovanni Paternostro. (2010) Systems approaches and algorithms for discovery of combinatorial therapies. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Systems Biology and Medicinen/a-n/a
CrossRef198
Jochen Gaedcke, Marian Grade, Klaus Jung, Markus Schirmer, Peter Jo, Christoph Obermeyer, Hendrik A. Wolff, Markus K. Herrmann, Tim Beissbarth, Heinz Becker, Thomas Ried, Michael Ghadimi. (2010) KRAS and BRAF mutations in patients with rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Radiotherapy and Oncology 94:1, 76-81
CrossRef199
P. Thermann, T. Seufferlein. (2010) Aktuelle Therapie des Kolonkarzinoms. Der Gastroenterologe 5:1, 57-71
CrossRef200
Marwan M. Fakih. (2010) <i>KRAS</i> Mutation Screening in Colorectal Cancer: From Paper to Practice. Clinical Colorectal Cancer 9:1, 22-30
CrossRef201
Wilbur A. Franklin, Jerry Haney, Michio Sugita, Lynne Bemis, Antonio Jimeno, Wells A. Messersmith. (2010) KRAS Mutation. The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics 12:1, 43-50
CrossRef202
Barbara L Parsons, Fanxue Meng. (2009) K- RAS mutation in the screening, prognosis and treatment of cancer. Biomarkers in Medicine 3:6, 757-769
CrossRef203
Thoralf Christoffersen, Tormod K. Guren, Karen-Lise Garm Spindler, Olav Dahl, Per Eystein Lønning, Bjørn Tore Gjertsen. (2009) Cancer therapy targeted at cellular signal transduction mechanisms: Strategies, clinical results, and unresolved issues. European Journal of Pharmacology 625:1-3, 6-22
CrossRef204
Cornelis J. A. Punt, Jolien Tol. (2009) More is less—combining targeted therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 6:12, 731-733
CrossRef205
Mario E Barugel, Carlos Vargas, Gabriel Krygier Waltier. (2009) Metastatic colorectal cancer: recent advances in its clinical management. Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 9:12, 1829-1847
CrossRef206
Richard Kim. (2009) Cetuximab and panitumumab: are they interchangeable?. The Lancet Oncology 10:12, 1140-1141
CrossRef207
G. Folprecht, C. Bokemeyer, J. Weitz. (2009) Therapie des metastasierten Kolonkarzinoms. Der Onkologe 15:12, 1223-1234
CrossRef208
F. Fiore, A. Oden-Gangloff, P. Michel. (2009) Cancer colorectal métastatique et thérapies ciblées. Côlon & Rectum 3:4, 230-238
CrossRef209
Jose A. García-Sáenz, Javier Sastre, Eduardo Díaz-Rubio García. (2009) Biomarkers and anti-EGFR therapies for KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. Clinical and Translational Oncology 11:11, 737-747
CrossRef210
Ben Markman, Jaume Capdevila, Elena Elez, Josep Tabernero. (2009) New trends in epidermal growth factor receptor-directed monoclonal antibodies. Immunotherapy 1:6, 965-982
CrossRef211
S. Siena, A. Sartore-Bianchi, F. Di Nicolantonio, J. Balfour, A. Bardelli. (2009) Biomarkers Predicting Clinical Outcome of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Targeted Therapy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 101:19, 1308-1324
CrossRef212
Jerry Y. Hsu, Heather A. Wakelee. (2009) Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. BioDrugs 23:5, 289-304
CrossRef213
M. Holdhoff, K. Schmidt, R. Donehower, L. A. Diaz. (2009) Analysis of Circulating Tumor DNA to Confirm Somatic KRAS Mutations. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 101:18, 1284-1285
CrossRef214
Joan Carles, Rafael Morales, José Manuel Perez, Cristina Suárez, Jordi Rodón, Claudia Valverde. (2009) Management and interpretation of novel toxicities of molecular targeted therapies: Renal toxicities. European Journal of Cancer 45, 309-317
CrossRef215
B. Venugopal, J. Cassidy. (2009) How to integrate biologicals in the continuum of care. European Journal of Cancer 45, 57-69
CrossRef216
Teresa Macarulla, Jaume Capdevila, José Perez-Garcia, Francisco Javier Ramos, Maria Elena Elez, Ben Markman, Manuel Ruiz-Echarri, Josep Tabernero. (2009) New approaches and targets in advanced colorectal cancer. European Journal of Cancer 45, 79-88
CrossRef217
Beata Zahorowska, Philip J. Crowe, Jia-Lin Yang. (2009) Combined therapies for cancer: a review of EGFR-targeted monotherapy and combination treatment with other drugs. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology 135:9, 1137-1148
CrossRef218
László Landherr, Tamás Nagykálnai. (2009) A távoli áttétes kolorektális rák (mCRC) első választású kezelésének fejlődése. Magyar Onkológia 53:3, 237-246
CrossRef219
Richard M. Goldberg, Bert H. O'Neil. (2009) Colorectal cancer: Irinotecan therapy—following a trail of breadcrumbs?. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology 6:9, 507-509
CrossRef220
Tatiana Vidaurre, Julia Wilkerson, Richard Simon, Susan E. Bates, Tito Fojo. (2009) Stable Disease Is Not Preferentially Observed With Targeted Therapies and as Currently Defined Has Limited Value in Drug Development. The Cancer Journal 15:5, 366-373
CrossRef221
Axel Grothey, Evanthia Galanis. (2009) Targeting angiogenesis: progress with anti-VEGF treatment with large molecules. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 6:9, 507-518
CrossRef222
Alicia Okines, David Cunningham. (2009) Current perspective: Bevacizumab in colorectal cancer – A time for reappraisal?. European Journal of Cancer 45:14, 2452-2461
CrossRef223
F Loupakis, A Ruzzo, C Cremolini, B Vincenzi, L Salvatore, D Santini, G Masi, I Stasi, E Canestrari, E Rulli, I Floriani, K Bencardino, N Galluccio, V Catalano, G Tonini, M Magnani, G Fontanini, F Basolo, A Falcone, F Graziano. (2009) KRAS codon 61, 146 and BRAF mutations predict resistance to cetuximab plus irinotecan in KRAS codon 12 and 13 wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. British Journal of Cancer 101:4, 715-721
CrossRef224
T. Fojo, C. Grady. (2009) How Much Is Life Worth: Cetuximab, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, and the $440 Billion Question. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 101:15, 1044-1048
CrossRef225
Henk J. Broxterman, Kristy J. Gotink, Henk M.W. Verheul. (2009) Understanding the causes of multidrug resistance in cancer: a comparison of doxorubicin and sunitinib. Drug Resistance Updates 12:4-5, 114-126
CrossRef226
N. E. Kushlinsky, E. S. Gershtein, L. K. Ovchinnikova, M. A. Digaeva. (2009) Molecular Markers of Tumors. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine 148:2, 230-237
CrossRef227
Ana Cristina Raimundo. (2009) Editorial. Anti-Cancer Drugs 20:Special Issue 3, S25-S27
CrossRef228
Ana Cristina Raimundo. (2009) Introdução. Anti-Cancer Drugs 20:Special Issue 3, S28-S29
CrossRef229
Anna Dorothea ADW Wagner, Dirk Arnold, Axel AG Grothey, Johannes Haerting, Susanne Unverzagt, Anna Dorothea ADW Wagner. 2009. Anti-angiogenic therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer. .
CrossRef230
Tol, Jolien, Nagtegaal, Iris D., Punt, Cornelis J.A., . (2009) BRAF Mutation in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 361:1, 98-99
Full Text231
Stephen Leong, S. Gail Eckhardt, Antonio Jimeno, Wells Messersmith. (2009) The importance of KRAS status in managing metastatic colorectal cancer. Current Colorectal Cancer Reports 5:3, 129-134
CrossRef232
Helen X. Chen, Jessica N. Cleck, Rochelle Coelho, Janet E. Dancey. (2009) Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors: Current Status and Future Directions. Current Problems in Cancer 33:4, 245-294
CrossRef233
Sharlene Gill, Daniel J. Sargent. (2009) Evolving end points for clinical trials in advanced colorectal cancer. Current Colorectal Cancer Reports 5:3, 135-139
CrossRef234
S. J. Cohen, C. J. A. Punt, N. Iannotti, B. H. Saidman, K. D. Sabbath, N. Y. Gabrail, J. Picus, M. A. Morse, E. Mitchell, M. C. Miller, G. V. Doyle, H. Tissing, L. W. M. M. Terstappen, N. J. Meropol. (2009) Prognostic significance of circulating tumor cells in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Annals of Oncology 20:7, 1223-1229
CrossRef235
Sharlene Gill, Richard M. Goldberg. (2009) Targeted therapies: Cetuximab, chemotherapy and KRAS status in mCRC. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 6:7, 379-380
CrossRef236
I Chau, D Cunningham. (2009) Treatment in advanced colorectal cancer: what, when and how?. British Journal of Cancer 100:11, 1704-1719
CrossRef237
Paul Dent, David T. Curiel, Paul B. Fisher, Steven Grant. (2009) Synergistic combinations of signaling pathway inhibitors: Mechanisms for improved cancer therapy. Drug Resistance Updates 12:3, 65-73
CrossRef238
Liang Qiao, Benjamin C.Y. Wong. (2009) Targeting apoptosis as an approach for gastrointestinal cancer therapy. Drug Resistance Updates 12:3, 55-64
CrossRef239
J. -P. Metges, A. Volant, F. Grudé, O. Pradier, C. Riche, E. Gamelin, L. Corcos. (2009) La recherche clinique en cancérologie digestive: de la cible à la véritable personnalisation du traitement?. Oncologie 11:6, 325-330
CrossRef240
M. W. Ronellenfitsch, D. P. Brucker, M. C. Burger, S. Wolking, F. Tritschler, J. Rieger, W. Wick, M. Weller, J. P. Steinbach. (2009) Antagonism of the mammalian target of rapamycin selectively mediates metabolic effects of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition and protects human malignant glioma cells from hypoxia-induced cell death. Brain 132:6, 1509-1522
CrossRef241
(2009) Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 360:20, 2134-2136
Full Text242
Susan J. Allison. (2009) Colorectal Cancer Chemotherapy. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology 6:5, 257-257
CrossRef243
Jose Perez-Garcia, Jaume Capdevila, Teresa Macarulla, Francisco Javier Ramos, Elena Elez, Manuel Ruiz-Echarri, Josep Tabernero. (2009) Advances in targeted therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer. Therapy 6:3, 321-333
CrossRef244
Mitchell Kamrava, Olivier Rixe, James L Gulley. (2009) Research Highlights. Therapy 6:3, 305-308
CrossRef245
Hiroyasu Yasuda, Katsutoshi Nakayama, Takahiko Sasaki, Kazuhiro Yanagihara. (2009) Research Highlights. Immunotherapy 1:3, 337-340
CrossRef246
Skye C Mayo, Timothy M Pawlik. (2009) Current management of colorectal hepatic metastasis. Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 3:2, 131-144
CrossRef247
Axel Grothey. (2009) Adding cetuximab to a standard chemotherapy regimen containing bevacizumab in first-line therapy for colorectal cancer decreases efficacy: Results from the CAIRO2 trial. Current Colorectal Cancer Reports 5:2, 65-66
CrossRef248
Bradley J Monk, Shamshad Ali, David K. Gaffney. (2009) When is being in a hurry going too fast? Lessons learned from clinical trials in cervical cancer. Gynecologic Oncology 113:1, 1-3
CrossRef249
Jacyntha A. Sterling. (2009) Hospital Pharmacy Pulse - Recent Publications on Medications and Pharmacy. Hospital Pharmacy 44:4, 354-359
CrossRef250
Heidi Ledford. (2009) Promiscuous antibody targets cancer. Nature
CrossRef251
Camillo Porta. (2009) Is more better than less? Caveats from bevacizumab and cetuximab combination in colorectal cancer. Oncology Reviews 3:1, 1-2
CrossRef252
Sonja Loges, Massimiliano Mazzone, Philipp Hohensinner, Peter Carmeliet. (2009) Silencing or Fueling Metastasis with VEGF Inhibitors: Antiangiogenesis Revisited. Cancer Cell 15:3, 167-170
CrossRef253
Devalingam Mahalingam, Alain Mita, Monica M. Mita, Steffan T. Nawrocki, Francis J. Giles. (2009) Targeted Therapy for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancers: Historical Perspective, Current Practices, and Future Development. Current Problems in Cancer 33:2, 73-111
CrossRef254
Mayer, Robert J., . (2009) Targeted Therapy for Advanced Colorectal Cancer — More Is Not Always Better. New England Journal of Medicine 360:6, 623-625
Full Text255
Mitchell Kamrava, Michael B. Bernstein, Kevin Camphausen, James W. Hodge. (2009) Combining radiation, immunotherapy, and antiangiogenesis agents in the management of cancer: the Three Musketeers or just another quixotic combination?. Molecular BioSystems 5:11, 1262
CrossRef256
Vesna Ilic, Ilija Tomic, Gordana Cvetkovic, Radmila Bokun, Zvonko Magic. (2009) Detection of K-ras gene mutation in bronchial aspirate of patients with lung carcinoma. Genetika 41:1, 69-80
CrossRef
