Original Article
Outcome of Treatment in Children with Philadelphia Chromosome–Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
N Engl J Med 2000; 342:998-1006April 6, 2000
- Abstract
Background
Children with Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-positive ALL) have a poor prognosis, and there is no consensus on the optimal treatment for this variant of ALL.
Methods
We reviewed the medical records of patients with Ph-positive ALL who were treated with intensive chemotherapy, with or without bone marrow transplantation, by 10 study groups or large single institutions from 1986 to 1996. Data on 326 children and young adults, who ranged in age from 0.4 to 19.9 years (median, 8.1), were analyzed to determine the rate of complete remission and the probability of event-free, disease-free, and overall survival according to standard prognostic factors and type of treatment.
Results
The 267 patients who had a complete remission after induction chemotherapy (82 percent) were stratified into three subgroups according to the age and leukocyte count at the time of diagnosis: those with the best prognosis (a leukocyte count of less than 50,000 per cubic millimeter and an age of less than 10 years; 95 patients); those with an intermediate prognosis (intermediate-risk features; 92 patients); and those with the worst prognosis (a leukocyte count of more than 100,000 per cubic millimeter; 80 patients). The estimates of disease-free survival at five years (±SE) were 49±5 percent (for patients with the best prognosis), 30±5 percent (for those with an intermediate prognosis), and 20±5 percent (for those with the worst prognosis) (P<0.001 for the overall comparison). We also found that transplantation of bone marrow from an HLA-matched related donor offered significantly greater benefit than intensive chemotherapy alone in terms of protecting patients from relapse or other adverse events (relative risk, 0.3; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.2 to 0.5; P<0.001). This finding was consistent in all three subgroups.
Conclusions
Unlike the usual type of ALL, Ph-positive ALL is associated with a poor prognosis. Nevertheless, in some patients with favorable prognostic features, the disease can be controlled by intensive chemotherapy. Transplantation of bone marrow from an HLA-matched related donor is superior to other types of transplantation and to intensive chemotherapy alone in prolonging initial complete remissions.
Media in This Article
Figure 2
Estimates of Disease-free and Overall Survival (±SE) in 267 Patients Treated with Transplantation of Bone Marrow from HLA-Matched Related Donors or Chemotherapy Only.Figure 1
Estimates of Disease-free Survival (±SE) in 267 Patients with Ph-Positive Childhood ALL.Article Activity
- Article
The probability of curing childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with current treatments ranges from 75 percent to 80 percent. Although some adverse prognostic features have lost clinical importance with recent improvements in therapy,1 other such features remain associated with worse outcomes. These include a very high leukocyte count at diagnosis,2 the presence of more than 1000 leukemic cells per cubic millimeter one week after preliminary treatment with glucocorticoids and intrathecal methotrexate,3 and the failure of a full course of induction therapy to induce a complete remission. Several different molecular genetic abnormalities can also confer a poor prognosis4; of these, the chromosomal translocation t(9;22) is associated with the worst outcome in childhood ALL.
The translocation t(9;22), which generates the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), occurs in 3 to 5 percent of children with ALL,5 as compared with about 25 percent of adults with the disease. The translocation can result in a fusion protein of 210 kd (p210) when the abl proto-oncogene moves from chromosome 9 to the major breakpoint cluster region on chromosome 22. This is the usual finding in chronic myelogenous leukemia and occurs occasionally in Ph-positive ALL. The abl gene can also translocate to the minor breakpoint cluster region on chromosome 22, resulting in a 190-kd fusion protein (p190) that occurs exclusively in ALL. More than 90 percent of children with Ph-positive ALL have this subtype of t(9;22).6 Both the p210 and p190 proteins are readily detected with techniques based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).5-8
Overall, Ph-positive ALL has a dire prognosis (rates of event-free survival are 25 to 30 percent in children and less than 20 percent in adults).9-21 However, some investigators suggest that in this type of ALL, the prognosis is influenced by the outcome of treatment with glucocorticoids (and intrathecal methotrexate), which are given before induction chemotherapy is instituted,22 or by other factors (such as age and leukocyte count at diagnosis) in children treated only with intensive chemotherapy.16,19-22 These variations in the response to therapy suggest that Ph-positive ALL is heterogeneous with regard to sensitivity to treatment. To test this idea, we collected and centrally reviewed the medical records of 326 children and young adults with Ph-positive ALL who were treated by 10 participating cooperative groups or large single institutions in Europe and the United States. Our main objectives were to identify prognostically important subgroups of patients and to assess the effect of different post-remission therapies on disease-free and overall survival.
Methods
Review of Data
Each study group reviewed its own records to identify patients with Ph-positive ALL who were registered in clinical trials between 1986 and 1996. We accepted either cytogenetic or molecular criteria for identification of the Philadelphia chromosome; patients who were negative for the chromosome at diagnosis but positive at relapse were not included. A predefined set of data, collected for each patient, was then sent to a central coordinating center, where the findings were reviewed for consistency and completeness. Follow-up observations extended through 1999, with a median follow-up of 7.3 years. By general agreement, none of the participating groups are identified with their data sets in this report.
Patients and Treatment
A total of 326 patients with Ph-positive childhood ALL were identified. At most of the participating centers, these children were identified early in the clinical course and were promptly assigned to therapy for high-risk ALL. Of the 289 patients for whom risk-group assignment could be evaluated, 242 (84 percent) were treated with one of the high-risk protocols used by the participating centers. Indications for bone marrow transplantation for patients in first complete remission varied among the different study groups. Nonetheless, transplantation of bone marrow from an HLA-matched related donor was generally accorded the highest priority among alternatives to chemotherapy alone. The lack of information on the availability of donors prevented us from determining whether all patients with a suitable donor underwent allogeneic transplantation.
Statistical Analysis
The principal end points in the analysis of treatment results were event-free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival. Event-free survival was defined as the time from diagnosis to a first adverse event: death during induction therapy, lack of achievement of remission during the protocol-specified induction period, relapse at any site, death during remission, or the development of a second neoplasm. Disease-free survival was defined as the time from complete remission until relapse at any site, death during complete remission, or the development of a second neoplasm. Survival was defined as the time from diagnosis to death from any cause. Observations on patients without adverse events were censored as of the date of last contact, which occurred during 1999 for all but 30 patients, whose follow-up times extended through 1997 or 1998. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the probabilities of disease-free survival and overall survival, with standard errors calculated according to the method of Greenwood. Curves were compared by means of the log-rank test. The annual rate of relapse was estimated by means of the actuarial estimator.
Statistical methods were used to minimize potential sources of bias in comparisons of different types of bone marrow transplantation with intensive chemotherapy alone.23 In these analyses, disease-free survival was calculated from the date of diagnosis. Differences in time to transplantation and in the prognostic factors used to assign patients to this procedure were accounted for in Cox regression analyses. Treatment was considered to be a time-dependent factor. Thus, each patient was included in the chemotherapy-only group until transplantation, at which point he or she was shifted to the specific transplantation group under study or data were censored for other types of transplantation. The model also included the covariates age (younger than 10 years vs. 10 years or older), leukocyte count at presentation (less than 50,000, 50,000 to 100,000, or more than 100,000 per cubic millimeter), and sex or the modified Rome–National Cancer Institute determinants of prognostic subgroups in childhood ALL, which combine the effects of age and leukocyte count to identify subgroups with different prognoses.2,24 No substantial departures from the proportional-hazards assumption emerged from graphical checks on the prognostic factors.
The time dependence of the treatment effect was accommodated by including a term for the interaction of time and treatment in the regression analysis. Two-tailed P values for differences in the risk of treatment failure (in terms of either disease-free survival or overall survival) were derived from the likelihood-ratio test. Estimated hazard ratios are reported as relative risks with 95 percent confidence intervals. Kaplan–Meier plots that compared transplantation of bone marrow from a matched related donor with chemotherapy alone were adjusted to account for the waiting time to transplantation.25 Thus, the curves originate at the median time to transplantation and do not include patients who had adverse events or whose data were censored before that time. P values refer to the Mantel–Byar test. A modified Mantel–Byar test for the univariate comparison of survival times26 yielded similar results when applied to the same data set (data not shown).
Results
Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics
The Philadelphia chromosome was identified by cytogenetic analysis in 320 patients and by molecular analysis in the remaining 6. Table 1Table 1
Presenting Features of 326 Patients with Ph-Positive Childhood ALL, According to the Response to Induction Therapy and Category of Post-Remission Therapy. summarizes the presenting features of the patients. The usual excess number of boys (approximately 52 percent of patients) in representative groups of patients with childhood ALL was more pronounced in this series (64 percent). The median age at diagnosis was 8.1 years (range, 0.4 to 19.9). Of the 326 patients, 37 (11 percent) were less than two years of age; only 1 patient was younger than one year of age. The leukocyte count at the time of diagnosis was at least 50,000 per cubic millimeter in approximately half the patients and less than 10,000 per cubic millimeter in 21 percent. Seventy-five percent of the patients had a platelet count of more than 27,000 per cubic millimeter and a hemoglobin level higher than 6.3 g per deciliter. The leukemic cells had a B-cell–lineage immunophenotype in 98 percent of the cases (in 211 of the 221 cases tested [95 percent], they bore the CD10 antigen). Despite the relatively high proportion of patients with hyperleukocytosis, leukemic involvement of the central nervous system at diagnosis was rare (4 percent).Early Responses to Chemotherapy
By protocol design, early responses to treatment were evaluated in 130 patients. In the subgroup of 80 patients in whom we assessed the response to preliminary treatment with glucocorticoids and intrathecal methotrexate,3 72 percent were considered to have had a good response (<1000 blasts per cubic millimeter in peripheral blood after seven days of glucocorticoid therapy and one injection of intrathecal methotrexate), and 28 percent had a poor response, a proportion more than twice that in groups of unselected patients with ALL.16,27,28 Of 18 patients who were evaluated for a response in the blood count after seven days of multiagent chemotherapy,29 5 (28 percent) had a blast-cell count of more than 1000 per cubic millimeter. Bone marrow aspirates were evaluated at seven days in 28 patients, 13 of whom (46 percent) had more than 25 percent blast cells in the marrow, a proportion considerably higher than that in unselected patients with childhood ALL.30,31
Induction of Complete Remission
Of the 326 patients in the study, 267 (82 percent) entered a complete remission a median of 31 days after diagnosis. Of the 59 patients with incomplete responses to induction chemotherapy, 3 died of treatment-related complications and 56 had resistant leukemia. As compared with patients who entered remission, these 59 patients tended to be older, were more likely to be male, had higher leukocyte counts, and had a poorer response to glucocorticoids plus intrathecal methotrexate (Table 1). Complete remissions were subsequently induced a median of 80 days after diagnosis (range, 41 to 190) in 26 of the 56 patients who had a poor response to the first round of induction chemotherapy and who could be evaluated. Later adverse events in this subgroup included 16 relapses and 7 deaths while the patient was in complete remission. Of the 26 patients who eventually had a remission, 3 remained in remission for 9.3, 8.7, and 4.3 years, respectively, after they received a bone marrow transplant from a matched related donor (2 patients) or a mismatched related donor (1 patient). Of the 18 remaining patients whose disease remained refractory to chemotherapy, 17 died a median of 0.9 year after diagnosis (5 of whom died despite receiving a transplant during partial remission); 1 child, who received a transplant from a matched related donor, was alive 8 years after diagnosis. Of the 12 patients for whom there was no information concerning later remission and subsequent therapy, 11 died a median of 1.1 years after diagnosis, and 1 was alive at 7 years.
Patterns of Treatment Failure
Of the 267 patients who had a complete remission after the initial phase of induction chemotherapy, 144 had a relapse: 116 in the bone marrow (81 percent), 16 in the central nervous system (11 percent), 8 in bone marrow and another site or sites (6 percent), and 4 in the testis (among 168 boys) (Table 2Table 2
Patterns of Treatment Failure in 267 Patients with Ph-Positive Childhood ALL Who Had Complete Responses to Initial Induction Therapy.). In addition, 35 of these 267 patients (13 percent) died during the first remission, a median of 1.2 years (range, 0.2 to 5.7) after remission was induced. The cause of death was related to bone marrow transplantation in 14 patients, infection in 11, and other factors in 10. Second malignant neoplasms developed in five patients (2 percent) as the first adverse event. Altogether, 83 of the 267 patients (31 percent) were in continuous complete remission on the date of the last evaluation.Factors That Influenced Event-Free, Disease-Free, and Overall Survival
The estimates of event-free survival and overall survival (±SE) five years after diagnosis in the combined study group were 28±3 percent and 40±3 percent, respectively. At seven years they were 25±3 percent and 36±3 percent, respectively. An analysis of prognostic factors based on the characteristics of all 326 patients in the study showed that age, initial leukocyte count, and response to initial treatment with glucocorticoids and intrathecal methotrexate had a significant effect on the outcome of treatment (Table 3Table 3
Rates of Event-free Survival and Overall Survival According to the Presenting Features of 326 Patients with Ph-Positive Childhood ALL.). Regarding the last factor, only 7 of the 22 patients with a poor response to glucocorticoids and intrathecal methotrexate (32 percent) had a complete remission, and in that group, only 2 patients were alive at last follow-up (8 years for 1 patient and 9.7 years for 1 patient); in this subgroup, the event-free survival was zero within 2 years after diagnosis. In contrast, 53 of 58 patients who had a good response to glucocorticoids and intrathecal methotrexate (91 percent) had a complete remission, with an estimated event-free survival at five years of 39±7 percent.To identify subgroups that differed according to prognosis, we stratified the group of 267 patients with a complete response according to age and leukocyte count at the time of diagnosis,2,24 regardless of the treatment outcome. The resulting three subgroups, defined as those with the worst, intermediate, and best prognoses, were similar in size (80, 92, and 95 patients, respectively) and had significantly different rates of disease-free survival at five years: 20±5 percent (worst), 30±5 percent (intermediate), and 49±5 percent (best) (P<0.001 for the overall comparison) (Figure 1Figure 1
Estimates of Disease-free Survival (±SE) in 267 Patients with Ph-Positive Childhood ALL.). Each of these subgroups was represented in the population of 194 patients who had complete responses to induction therapy designed for high-risk patients, whereas the patients who had complete responses to induction therapy that was not designed for high-risk patients were virtually all from the best-prognosis subgroup.To assess the effect of different post-remission treatments on disease-free survival and overall survival, we used a Cox regression model adjusted for time to bone marrow transplantation, initial leukocyte count, age, and sex. As compared with the group treated with chemotherapy alone, patients who underwent transplantation of bone marrow from a matched related donor had a significantly lower risk of treatment failure: relative risk of death or adverse events, 0.3 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.2 to 0.5; P<0.001), and relative risk for death from any cause, 0.4 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.2 to 0.7; P=0.002) (Table 4Table 4
Estimated Relative Risks Associated with Different Types of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Chemotherapy Alone in 267 Patients with Ph-Positive Childhood ALL Who Had Complete Responses to Initial Induction Therapy.). The advantage of transplantation of bone marrow from matched related donors became more apparent with each successive year of follow-up (Figure 2Figure 2Estimates of Disease-free and Overall Survival (±SE) in 267 Patients Treated with Transplantation of Bone Marrow from HLA-Matched Related Donors or Chemotherapy Only.), suggesting greater protection against late relapses than with chemotherapy alone in patients who survived the early toxic effects of treatment. None of the other types of bone marrow transplantation had any therapeutic advantage over chemotherapy alone (Table 4). The superiority of marrow transplantation from a matched related donor extended to each of the prognostic subgroups identified with the modified Rome–National Cancer Institute criteria.2,24 The P values for the interaction between treatment and prognostic subgroup were 0.48 for disease-free survival and 0.73 for overall survival. In the subgroup with the best prognosis, the relative risk of death or adverse events was 0.2 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.04 to 0.7) and that of death from any cause was 0.3 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.1 to 1.1). Among patients with an intermediate prognosis, these relative risks were 0.5 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.3 to 0.98) and 0.6 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.2 to 1.6), respectively, and among those with a poor prognosis, they were 0.3 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.1 to 0.8) and 0.4 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.1 to 1.1).Discussion
Recent advances in treatment have increased the rate of cure of childhood ALL to 75 percent or better.32 However, attempts to improve results for resistant subtypes of ALL, such as ALL in patients with the Philadelphia chromosome, have been largely unsuccessful. Much of the difficulty can be traced to the lack of a large enough number of patients with this subtype, which is needed to ensure statistically valid analyses in retrospective studies or prospective investigations of new treatments. For this reason, we reviewed documented cases of Ph-positive ALL that were diagnosed and treated by 10 study groups or large single institutions from 1986 to 1996. We identified 326 patients who met all our criteria for inclusion in the study reported here.
The poor prognosis for patients with Ph-positive ALL is due partly to the relatively slow rate of reduction of the leukemic clone by chemotherapy, as indicated by the persistence of circulating blast cells after initial glucocorticoid therapy or of a high proportion of blasts in the marrow eight days after the initiation of induction chemotherapy.22,29-31 We found that 18 percent of the patients in our study did not enter remission by the end of the specified induction period, a rate that is much worse than the 2 to 3 percent failure rate in series of unselected patients with childhood ALL.16,17,27,28,31-35 About one half of the patients in whom induction therapy failed entered remission with further chemotherapy, but most of them ultimately relapsed, underscoring the dire prognosis for patients with blast cells that resist initial therapy. Nevertheless, the occasional induction of a durable second remission in patients who relapse after initial chemotherapy warrants repeated courses of intensive chemotherapy, with or without bone marrow transplantation, for any child with initially resistant disease.
Relapse was the most common cause of treatment failure in our series. About half the patients who entered remission had a relapse, mainly in the bone marrow. As expected, the relapse rate was highest early in the course of treatment (28 relapses per 100 person-years during the first year, and 24 during the second). In contrast to the rates in other subgroups of patients with high-risk ALL, the relapse rate in children with Ph-positive ALL remained high during the third and fourth years (18 and 14 relapses per 100 person-years). Thus, at least four years of observation may be required to determine the efficacy of new treatments for Ph-positive ALL.
Most leukemia specialists would recommend bone marrow transplantation for a child with Ph-positive ALL in first remission,36 but the advantage of this strategy has not been demonstrated in a large-scale clinical study. Using statistical methods to correct for delays in transplantation that could bias the evaluation of efficacy, we found that transplantation of marrow from an HLA-matched related donor yields a significantly better outcome in Ph-positive patients than chemotherapy alone. This type of transplantation, undertaken a median of six months after diagnosis, caused few deaths and markedly reduced the rate of leukemic relapse (Table 4 and Figure 2). Similar analyses are not available for adults with Ph-positive ALL, although a report from the International Bone Marrow Transplantation Registry indicates an improved rate of leukemia-free survival in adult patients who received a marrow transplant from an HLA-identical sibling.37
The fact that most patients who are eligible for bone marrow transplantation lack a matched related donor forces physicians to consider alternative sources of hematopoietic stem cells. In this study, transplantation of marrow from a mismatched related donor or of autologous marrow was not superior to chemotherapy alone. Because of an excess number of transplantation-related deaths (Table 2), the group that received marrow from matched unrelated donors had a risk of treatment failure that was higher than (although not significantly higher than) that in the group treated with chemotherapy alone (Table 4). This result supports our opinion that transplantation of marrow from a matched unrelated donor should be undertaken only in centers where the results of this procedure are similar to those obtained with matched related donors. Indications for the use of alternative donors should be continuously updated in the light of progress in both the prevention of transplantation-related toxicity38,39 and the efficacy of chemotherapy for high-risk patients.40 We advise caution in using treatments that produce encouraging short-term results but lack long-term evaluation.
We conclude that Ph-positive ALL is a heterogeneous disease with respect to treatment outcome. Among patients with this variant of ALL who presented with leukocyte counts higher than 100,000 per cubic millimeter, 85 percent did not have long-term disease-free survival. The inadequacy of current therapy for such patients, most of whom can be readily identified by their initial response to prednisone, indicates a need for new treatments. Patients with Ph-positive ALL who are younger than 10 years old and have a leukocyte count of less than 50,000 per cubic millimeter at the time of diagnosis have about a 50 percent chance of long-term disease-free survival, whereas the remaining patients (those with a leukocyte count of 50,000 to 100,000 per cubic millimeter and those with less than 50,000 leukocytes per cubic millimeter who are older than 10 years of age) have an intermediate prognosis (estimate of five-year disease-free survival, 30 percent). The fact that the results of initial glucocorticoid therapy (plus intrathecal methotrexate) are so useful in discriminating between patients with a good prognosis and those with a poor one should be exploited as often as possible in assigning patients with Ph-positive ALL to specific treatment groups (Table 3). Further cooperation among leukemia specialists worldwide will be needed to generate and test relevant hypotheses pertaining to Ph-positive ALL and other uncommon subtypes of acute leukemia.41,42
Supported in part by grants from the Associazione Italiana Ricerca sul Cancro, Associazione M.L. Verga, Fondazione Tettamanti, and Ministero Università Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica; the National Institutes of Health (CA 51001, CA 21765, CA 36401, CA 60419, and CA 68484); a Center of Excellence Grant from the State of Tennessee; the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities; and the Madeleine Schickendanz Foundation, Fürth, Germany.
We are indebted to Dr. Stefania Galimberti for her excellent contribution to data pooling and analysis; to John Gilbert for critical comments and editorial assistance; and for cytogenetic or molecular screening or bone marrow transplantation; to G. Basso, A. Biondi, and F. Locatelli (Associazione Italiana di Ematologia ed Oncologia Pediatrica); J. Harbott (Berlin–Frankfurt–Münster Study Group and Cooperative Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Group); W.D. Ludwig, H. Gadner, and O. Haas (Berlin–Frankfurt–Münster Study Group); C. Bastard, J.M. Cayuela, and P. Bordigoni (French Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Study Group); A. Carroll (Pediatric Oncology Group); and L. Secker Walker and J. Swansbury (United Kingdom Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia).
Source Information
From the Department of Pediatrics, Istituto Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy (M.A.); the Department of Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy (M.G.V.); the Department of Pediatrics, Midwest Children's Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (B.C.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology–Oncology, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover, Germany (M.S.); the Leukemia Research Fund, Hematology–Oncology, Institute of Child Health, London (J.C.); Service de Pédiatrie Hématologique, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris (A.B.); Children's Hospital of Los Angeles and University of Southern California, Los Angeles (P.G.); the Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana–Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston (L.S.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (G.J.-S.); the Department of Pediatric Oncology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands (W.K.); St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis (C.-H.P.); and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Milan and Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy (G.M.).
Address reprint requests to Dr. Aricò at the Clinica Pediatrica, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy, or at aricom@unipv.it.
Other authors were V. Conter, M.D. (Associazione Italiana di Ematologia ed Oncologia Pediatrica); H. Riehm, M.D. (Berlin–Frankfurt–Münster Study Group); N. Heerema, Ph.D. (Children's Cancer Group); S. Sallan, M.D. (Dana–Farber Cancer Institute, Boston); M.-F. Auclerc, M.D. (French Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Study Group); J. Pullen, M.D., J. Shuster, Ph.D., and A. Carroll, Ph.D. (Pediatric Oncology Group); S. Raimondi, Ph.D. (St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tenn.); and S. Richards, M.D. (Medical Research Council, United Kingdom Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia).
- References
References
1
Pui C-H ,Crist WM . Biology and treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Pediatr 1994;124:491-503
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline2
Smith M ,Bleyer A ,Crist W ,Murphy S ,Sallan SE . Uniform criteria for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia risk classification. J Clin Oncol 1996;14:680-681
Web of Science | Medline3
Riehm H ,Reiter A ,Schrappe M , et al. Die Corticosteroid-abhängige Dezimierung der Leukämiezellzahl im Blut als Prognosefaktor beider akuten lymphoblastischen Leukämie im Kindesalter (Therapiestudie ALL-BFM 83). Klin Padiatr 1987;199:151-160
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline4
Raimondi S. Cytogenetics of acute leukemias. In: Pui C-H, ed. Childhood leukemias. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1999:168-96.
5
Schlieben S ,Borkhardt A ,Reinisch I , et al. Incidence and clinical outcome of children with BCR/ABL-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): a prospective RT-PCR study based on 673 patients enrolled in the German pediatric multicenter therapy trials ALL-BFM 90 and CoALL-05-92. Leukemia 1996;10:957-963
Web of Science | Medline6
Suryanarayan K ,Hunger SP ,Kohler S , et al. Consistent involvement of the bcr gene by 9;22 breakpoints in pediatric acute leukemias. Blood 1991;77:324-330
Web of Science | Medline7
Kantarjian HM ,Talpaz M ,Dhingra K , et al. Significance of the P210 versus P190 molecular abnormalities in adults with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute leukemia. Blood 1991;78:2411-2418
Web of Science | Medline8
Maurer J ,Janssen JWG ,Thiel E , et al. Detection of chimeric BCR-ABL genes in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia by the polymerase chain reaction. Lancet 1991;337:1055-1058
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline9
Ribeiro RC ,Abromowitch M ,Raimondi SC ,Murphy SB ,Behm F ,Williams DL . Clinical and biologic hallmarks of the Philadelphia chromosome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 1987;70:948-953
Web of Science | Medline10
Fletcher JA ,Lynch EA ,Kimball VM ,Donnelly M ,Tantravahi R ,Sallan SE . Translocation (9;22) is associated with extremely poor prognosis in intensively treated children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 1991;77:435-439
Web of Science | Medline11
Pui C-H ,Crist WM ,Look AT . Biology and clinical significance of cytogenetic abnormalities in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 1990;76:1449-1463
Web of Science | Medline12
Crist W ,Carroll A ,Shuster J , et al. Philadelphia chromosome positive childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: clinical and cytogenetic characteristics and treatment outcome: a Pediatric Oncology Group study. Blood 1990;76:489-494
Web of Science | Medline13
Uckun FM ,Nachman JB ,Sather HN , et al. Clinical significance of Philadelphia chromosome positive pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the context of contemporary intensive therapies: a report from the Children's Cancer Group. Cancer 1998;83:2030-2039
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline14
Harbott J ,Ritterbach J ,Ludwig WD ,Bartram CR ,Reiter A ,Lampert F . Clinical significance of cytogenetic studies in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: experience of the BFM trials. Recent Results Cancer Res 1993;131:123-132
Medline15
Russo C ,Carroll A ,Kohler S , et al. Philadelphia chromosome and monosomy 7 in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Pediatric Oncology Group study. Blood 1991;77:1050-1056
Web of Science | Medline16
Reiter A ,Schrappe M ,Ludwig W-D , et al. Chemotherapy in 998 unselected childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients: results and conclusions of the multicenter trial ALL-BFM 86. Blood 1994;84:3122-3133
Web of Science | Medline17
Chessells JM ,Bailey C ,Richards SM . Intensification of treatment and survival in all children with lymphoblastic leukaemia: results of UK Medical Research Council trial UKALL X. Lancet 1995;345:143-148
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline18
Roberts WM ,Rivera GK ,Raimondi SC , et al. Intensive chemotherapy for Philadelphia-chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Lancet 1994;343:331-332
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline19
Ribeiro RC ,Broniscer A ,Rivera GK , et al. Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children: durable responses to chemotherapy associated with low initial white blood cell counts. Leukemia 1997;11:1493-1496
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline20
Thomas X ,Thiebaut A ,Olteanu N , et al. Philadelphia chromosome positive adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia: characteristics, prognostic factors and treatment outcome. Hematol Cell Ther 1998;40:119-128
Medline21
Bassan R ,Rohatiner AZ ,Rambaldi A , et al. Clinical sensitivity to anthracyclines in Ph/BCR+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Adv Exp Med Biol 1999;457:489-499
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline22
Schrappe M ,Arico M ,Harbott J , et al. Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: good initial steroid response allows early prediction of a favorable treatment outcome. Blood 1998;92:2730-2741
Web of Science | Medline23
The Cox regression model. In: Marubini E, Valsecchi MG. Analysing survival data from clinical trials and observational studies. Chichester, England: John Wiley, 1995:171-222.
24
Mastrangelo R ,Poplack D ,Bleyer A ,Riccardi R ,Sather H ,D'Angio G . Report and recommendations of the Rome workshop concerning poor-prognosis acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children: biologic bases for staging, stratification, and treatment. Med Pediatr Oncol 1986;14:191-194
CrossRef | Medline25
Simon R ,Makuch RW . A non-parametric graphical representation of the relationship between survival and the occurrence of an event: application to responder versus non responder bias. Stat Med 1984;3:35-44
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline26
Stram DO ,Sather H ,Wang L . Analysis of time to death after transplantation when transplants are only given to patients in remission. Biometrics 1996;52:1079-1086
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline27
Conter V ,Arico M ,Valsecchi MG , et al. Intensive BFM chemotherapy for childhood ALL: interim analysis of the AIEOP-ALL 91 study. Haematologica 1998;83:791-799
Web of Science | Medline28
Schrappe M ,Reiter A ,Sauter S , et al. Konzeption und Zwischenergebnis der Therapiestudie ALL-BFM 90 zur Behandlung der akuten lymphoblastischen Leukämie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen: Die Bedeutung des initialen Therapieansprechens in Blut und Knochenmark. Klin Padiatr 1994;206:208-221
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline29
Gajjar A ,Ribeiro R ,Hancock ML , et al. Persistence of circulating blasts after 1 week of multiagent chemotherapy confers a poor prognosis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 1995;86:1292-1295
Web of Science | Medline30
Gaynon PS ,Bleyer WA ,Steinherz PG , et al. Day 7 marrow response and outcome for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and unfavorable presenting features. Med Pediatr Oncol 1990;18:273-279
CrossRef | Medline31
Steinherz PG ,Gaynon PS ,Breneman JC , et al. Cytoreduction and prognosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia -- the importance of early marrow response: report from the Children's Cancer Group. J Clin Oncol 1996;14:389-398
Web of Science | Medline32
Pui C-H ,Evans WE . Acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med 1998;339:605-615
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline33
Conter V ,Arico M ,Valsecchi MG , et al. Extended intrathecal methotrexate may replace cranial irradiation for prevention of CNS relapse in children with intermediate-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster-based intensive chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 1995;13:2497-2502
Web of Science | Medline34
Janka-Schaub GE ,Harms D ,Goebel U , et al. Randomized comparison of rotational chemotherapy in high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia of childhood -- follow up after 9 years. Eur J Pediatr 1996;155:640-648
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline35
Silverman LB ,Gelber RD ,Young ML ,Dalton VK ,Barr RD ,Sallan SE . Induction failure in acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood. Cancer 1999;85:1395-1404
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline36
Uderzo C ,Valsecchi MG ,Balduzzi A , et al. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation versus chemotherapy in high-risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in first remission. Br J Haematol 1997;96:387-394
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline37
Barrett AJ ,Horowitz MM ,Ash RC , et al. Bone marrow transplantation for Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 1992;79:3067-3070
Web of Science | Medline38
Casper J ,Camitta B ,Ash R , et al. Bone marrow transplantation for Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) using alternative donors. Blood 1992;80:Suppl 1:65a-65a abstract.39
Marks DI ,Bird JM ,Cornish JM , et al. Unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation for children and adolescents with Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:931-936
Web of Science | Medline40
Nachman JB ,Sather NH ,Sensel MG , et al. Augmented post-induction therapy for children with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia and a slow response to initial therapy. N Engl J Med 1998;338:1663-1671
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline41
Valsecchi MG ,Masera G . A new challenge in clinical research in childhood ALL: the prospective meta-analysis strategy for intergroup collaboration. Ann Oncol 1996;7:1005-1008
Web of Science | Medline42
Shuster JJ ,Gieser PW . Meta-analysis and prospective meta-analysis in childhood leukemia clinical research. Ann Oncol 1996;7:1009-1014
Web of Science | Medline
- Citing Articles (177)
Citing Articles
1
Stephanie McGregor, Jennifer McNeer, Sandeep Gurbuxani. (2012) Beyond the 2008 World Health Organization classification: the role of the hematopathology laboratory in the diagnosis and management of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology 29:1, 2-11
CrossRef2
Anna Paola Iori, Veronica Valle, Alfonso Piciocchi, Giovanna Meloni, Giovanni Fernando Torelli, Antonella Vitale, Anna Maria Testi, Walter Barberi, Roberto Ricci, Filippo Milano, Barbarella Lucarelli, Maria Screnci, Maria Paola Perrone, Luca Laurenti, Fiammetta Natalino, Salvatore Perrone, Nicoletta Sacchi, William Arcese, Roberto Foà. (2012) Concurrent search for unrelated cord and volunteer donor in high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Annals of Hematology
CrossRef3
Denise M. Oliansky, Bruce Camitta, Paul Gaynon, Michael L. Nieder, Susan K. Parsons, Michael A. Pulsipher, Hildy Dillon, Thomas A. Ratko, Donna Wall, Philip L. McCarthy, Theresa Hahn. (2011) The Role of Cytotoxic Therapy with Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the Treatment of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Update of the 2005 Evidence-Based Review. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
CrossRef4
A. K. Fielding. (2011) Current Treatment of Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Hematology 2011:1, 231-237
CrossRef5
S. P. Hunger. (2011) Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Use in Pediatric Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Anemia. Hematology 2011:1, 361-365
CrossRef6
2011. B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukaemia/Lymphoma. , 63-68.
CrossRef7
Anshu Garg, Adhithya Shankar, Janet Williams, Emma Astwood, Jeanette Payne, Jenny Welch, Shan Rush, Julie Marples, Sharon Barrott, Ajay Vora. (2011) Improved outcome of allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplantation for children with philadelphia positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. British Journal of Haematologyno-no
CrossRef8
A B A Laranjeira, J F de Vasconcellos, L Sodek, M C Spago, M C Fornazim, L G Tone, S R Brandalise, A E Nowill, J A Yunes. (2011) IGFBP7 participates in the reciprocal interaction between acute lymphoblastic leukemia and BM stromal cells and in leukemia resistance to asparaginase. Leukemia
CrossRef9
Paul S. Gaynon. (2011) A remembrance: James B. Nachman 1948-2011. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 57:4, 533-534
CrossRef10
Franca Fagioli, Marco Zecca, Carla Rognoni, Edoardo Lanino, Adriana Balduzzi, Massimo Berger, Chiara Messina, Claudio Favre, Marco Rabusin, Luca Lo Nigro, Riccardo Masetti, Arcangelo Prete, Franco Locatelli. (2011) Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Philadelphia-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children and Adolescents: A Retrospective Multicenter Study of the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (AIEOP). Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
CrossRef11
G. Cazzaniga, F. W. van Delft, L. Lo Nigro, A. M. Ford, J. Score, I. Iacobucci, E. Mirabile, M. Taj, S. M. Colman, A. Biondi, M. Greaves. (2011) Developmental origins and impact of BCR-ABL1 fusion and IKZF1 deletions in monozygotic twins with Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Blood
CrossRef12
Susana Rives, Jesús Estella, Pedro Gómez, Mónica López-Duarte, Purificación García de Miguel, Amparo Verdeguer, Maria José Moreno, José Luis Vivanco, José Miguel Couselo, Rafael Fernández-Delgado, Marisol Maldonado, María Tasso, Blanca López-Ibor, Francisco Lendínez, Ricardo López-Almaraz, Javier Uriz, Montserrat Melo, Ana Fernández-Teijeiro, Isidoro Rodríguez, Isabel Badell. (2011) Intermediate dose of imatinib in combination with chemotherapy followed by allogeneic stem cell transplantation improves early outcome in paediatric Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL): results of the Spanish Cooperative G. British Journal of Haematology 154:5, 600-611
CrossRef13
Hadeel Halalsheh, Najyah Abuirmeileh, Rawad Rihani, Faiha Bazzeh, Luna Zaru, Faris Madanat. (2011) Outcome of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Jordan. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 57:3, 385-391
CrossRef14
William L. Carroll, Elizabeth A. Raetz. (2011) Clinical and Laboratory Biology of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. The Journal of Pediatrics
CrossRef15
Susana Rives, Mireia Camós, Jesús Estella, Pedro Gómez, Mónica López-Duarte, Aurora Navajas, Isabel Badell. (2011) Validation of the ‘French Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Study Group FRALLE prognostic index’ for paediatric Philadelphia-chromosome acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. British Journal of Haematologyno-no
CrossRef16
Paul S. Gaynon. (2011) James B. Nachman, 1948 to 2011. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 33:6, 403-405
CrossRef17
Partow Kebriaei, Rima Saliba, Gabriela Rondon, Alexandre Chiattone, Rajyalakshmi Luthra, Paolo Anderlini, Borje Andersson, Elizabeth Shpall, Uday Popat, Roy Jones, Laura Worth, Farhad Ravandi, Deborah Thomas, Susan O’Brien, Hagop Kantarjian, Marcos de Lima, Sergio Giralt, Richard Champlin. (2011) Long-Term Follow-up of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Impact of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors on Treatment Outcomes. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
CrossRef18
D. Sugapriya, S. Preethi, P. Shanthi, N. Chandra, G. Jeyaraman, P. Sachdanandam, S. Thilagavathy, S. Venkatadesilalu. (2011) BCR-ABL Translocation in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Southern India. Indian Journal of Hematology and Blood Transfusion
CrossRef19
Xiaochun Zhang, Takeshi Inukai, Koshi Akahane, Kinuko Hirose, Itaru Kuroda, Hiroko Honna, Kumiko Goi, Keiko Kagami, Tetsuzo Tauchi, Hideo Yagita, Kanji Sugita. (2011) Endoplasmic reticulum stress inducers, but not imatinib, sensitize Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Leukemia Research 35:7, 940-949
CrossRef20
Claudia Cocco, Irma Airoldi. (2011) Cytokines and microRNA in pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews 22:3, 149-156
CrossRef21
Stephen P. Hunger, Elizabeth A. Raetz, Mignon L. Loh, Charles G. Mullighan. (2011) Improving outcomes for high-risk ALL: Translating new discoveries into clinical care. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 56:6, 984-993
CrossRef22
Koji Kato, Ayami Yoshimi, Etsuro Ito, Kentaro Oki, Jun Hara, Yoshihisa Nagatoshi, Akira Kikuchi, Ryoji Kobayashi, Tokiko Nagamura-Inoue, Shunro Kai, Hiroshi Azuma, Minoko Takanashi, Keiichi Isoyama, Shunichi Kato. (2011) Cord Blood Transplantation from Unrelated Donors for Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Japan: The Impact of Methotrexate on Clinical Outcomes. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
CrossRef23
Mariam FAIZ, Qazi Javed IQBAL, Asif QURESHI. (2011) High prevalence of BCR-ABL fusion transcripts with poor prognostic impact among adult ALL patients: report from Pakistan. Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology 7:1, 47-55
CrossRef24
Hong Hoe Koo. (2011) Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Childhood. Korean Journal of Pediatrics 54:3, 106
CrossRef25
Michael A. Pulsipher, Christina Peters, Ching-Hon Pui. (2011) High-Risk Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: To Transplant or Not to Transplant?. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 17:1, S137-S148
CrossRef26
Hong Hoe Koo. (2011) Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Childhood. Korean Journal of Pediatrics 54:3, 105
CrossRef27
Adele K. Fielding. (2011) Philadelphia-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia—Is Bone Marrow Transplant Still Necessary?. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 17:1, S84-S88
CrossRef28
Jacob Nersting, Louise Borst, Kjeld Schmiegelow. (2011) Challenges in implementing individualized medicine illustrated by antimetabolite therapy of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Clinical Proteomics 8:1, 8
CrossRef29
W. Stock. (2010) Adolescents and Young Adults with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Hematology 2010:1, 21-29
CrossRef30
Kirk R Schultz, Tim Prestidge, Bruce Camitta. (2010) Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children: new and emerging treatment options. Expert Review of Hematology 3:6, 731-742
CrossRef31
Olga Sala-Torra, Jerald P. Radich. 2010. Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Current Treatment Status and Perspectives. , 228-243.
CrossRef32
R. A. J. Signer, E. Montecino-Rodriguez, O. N. Witte, K. Dorshkind. (2010) Immature B-cell progenitors survive oncogenic stress and efficiently initiate Ph+ B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 116:14, 2522-2530
CrossRef33
Ryuzo Ohno. (2010) Changing Paradigm of the Treatment of Philadelphia Chromosome–Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports 5:4, 213-221
CrossRef34
Tomasz Szczepański, Christine J Harrison, Jacques JM van Dongen. (2010) Genetic aberrations in paediatric acute leukaemias and implications for management of patients. The Lancet Oncology 11:9, 880-889
CrossRef35
J. Lazic, N. Tosic, L. Dokmanovic, N. Krstovski, P. Rodic, S. Pavlovic, D. Janic. (2010) Clinical features of the most common fusion genes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Medical Oncology 27:2, 449-453
CrossRef36
Rob Pieters. (2010) Childhood leukaemia: towards improved tailored therapy. The Lancet Oncology 11:5, 403-404
CrossRef37
V. Conter, C. R. Bartram, M. G. Valsecchi, A. Schrauder, R. Panzer-Grumayer, A. Moricke, M. Arico, M. Zimmermann, G. Mann, G. De Rossi, M. Stanulla, F. Locatelli, G. Basso, F. Niggli, E. Barisone, G. Henze, W. D. Ludwig, O. A. Haas, G. Cazzaniga, R. Koehler, D. Silvestri, J. Bradtke, R. Parasole, R. Beier, J. J. M. van Dongen, A. Biondi, M. Schrappe. (2010) Molecular response to treatment redefines all prognostic factors in children and adolescents with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results in 3184 patients of the AIEOP-BFM ALL 2000 study. Blood 115:16, 3206-3214
CrossRef38
2010. Acute Leukaemia: Integration of Morphological, Immunophenotypic and Genetic Information and the WHO Classification. , 114-218.
CrossRef39
Yenan Li, Dehui Zou, Yaozhong Zhao, Yingchang Mi, Jianxiang Wang, Lugui Qiu. (2010) Clinical characteristics and outcomes of adults with Philadelphia chromosome positive and/or bcr-abl positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a single center study from China. Leukemia & Lymphoma 51:3, 488-496
CrossRef40
A Möricke, M Zimmermann, A Reiter, G Henze, A Schrauder, H Gadner, W D Ludwig, J Ritter, J Harbott, G Mann, T Klingebiel, F Zintl, C Niemeyer, B Kremens, F Niggli, D Niethammer, K Welte, M Stanulla, E Odenwald, H Riehm, M Schrappe. (2010) Long-term results of five consecutive trials in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia performed by the ALL-BFM study group from 1981 to 2000. Leukemia 24:2, 265-284
CrossRef41
Rob Pieters, William L. Carroll. (2010) Biology and Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 24:1, 1-18
CrossRef42
Francesco Ceppi, Angela Brown, David R. Betts, Felix Niggli, Maja Beck Popovic. (2009) Cytogenetic characterization of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Nicaragua. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 53:7, 1238-1241
CrossRef43
Michael J. Burke, Qing Cao, Barb Trotz, Brenda Weigel, Ashish Kumar, Angela Smith, Michael R. Verneris. (2009) Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allogeneic HCT) for treatment of pediatric Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Pediatric Blood & Cancer 53:7, 1289-1294
CrossRef44
A Biondi, A Baruchel, S Hunger, G Masera, K Schmiegelow, M Schrappe, C H Pui. (2009) The Eleventh International Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Workshop Report: Ponte di Legno, Italy, 6–7 May 2009. Leukemia 23:12, 2318-2324
CrossRef45
Michael A. Pulsipher, Donna A. Wall, Michael Grimley, Rakesh K. Goyal, Kenneth M. Boucher, Patricia Hankins, Stephan A. Grupp, Nancy Bunin. (2009) A Phase I/II study of the safety and efficacy of the addition of sirolimus to tacrolimus/methotrexate graft versus host disease prophylaxis after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). British Journal of Haematology 147:5, 691-699
CrossRef46
Michael J. Burke, Jennifer Willert, Sunil Desai, Richard Kadota. (2009) The treatment of pediatric Philadelphia positive (Ph+) leukemias in the imatinib era. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 53:6, 992-995
CrossRef47
D Pinkel. (2009) ‘Allogeneic marrow transplantation in children with acute leukemia: a practice whose time has gone’: twenty years later. Leukemia 23:12, 2189-2196
CrossRef48
Z. Li, W. Zhang, M. Wu, S. Zhu, C. Gao, L. Sun, R. Zhang, N. Qiao, H. Xue, Y. Hu, S. Bao, H. Zheng, J.-D. J. Han. (2009) Gene expression-based classification and regulatory networks of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 114:20, 4486-4493
CrossRef49
Sudha Sazawal, Sameer Bakhshi, Vinod Raina, Chetanya Swaroop, Renu Saxena. (2009) Detection and Clinical Relevance of BCR-ABL Fusion Gene in Childhood T-lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 31:11, 850-852
CrossRef50
Faith Galderisi, Linda Stork, Ju Li, Motomi Mori, Solange Mongoue-Tchokote, James Huang. (2009) Flow cytometric chemosensitivity assay as a predictive tool of early clinical response in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 53:4, 543-550
CrossRef51
Sima Jeha, Ching-Hon Pui. (2009) Risk-adapted Treatment of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 23:5, 973-990
CrossRef52
Farhad Ravandi, Partow Kebriaei. (2009) Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 23:5, 1043-1063
CrossRef53
Deepa Bhojwani, Scott C. Howard, Ching-Hon Pui. (2009) High-Risk Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia 9:0, S222-S230
CrossRef54
Giovanni Martinelli, Ilaria Iacobucci, Cristina Papayannidis, Simona Soverini. (2009) New targets for Ph+ leukaemia therapy. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology 22:3, 445-454
CrossRef55
Franz Gruber, Satu Mustjoki, Kimmo Porkka. (2009) Impact of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on patient outcomes in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. British Journal of Haematology 145:5, 581-597
CrossRef56
Giovanni Martinelli, Ilaria Iacobucci, Simona Soverini, Pier Paolo Piccaluga, Daniela Cilloni, Fabrizio Pane. (2009) New mechanisms of resistance in Philadelphia chromosome acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Expert Review of Hematology 2:3, 297-303
CrossRef57
Simone Fulda. (2009) Therapeutic opportunities for counteracting apoptosis resistance in childhood leukaemia. British Journal of Haematology 145:4, 441-454
CrossRef58
M Zaliova, E Fronkova, K Krejcikova, K Muzikova, E Mejstrikova, J Stary, J Trka, J Zuna. (2009) Quantification of fusion transcript reveals a subgroup with distinct biological properties and predicts relapse in BCR/ABL-positive ALL: implications for residual disease monitoring. Leukemia 23:5, 944-951
CrossRef59
Patrick Brown, Steven P Hunger, Franklin O Smith, William L Carroll, Gregory H Reaman. (2009) Novel targeted drug therapies for the treatment of childhood acute leukemia. Expert Review of Hematology 2:2, 145-158
CrossRef60
A Quintás-Cardama, J Cortes. (2009) Dasatinib-induced restoration of donor chimerism in BCR-ABL1-positive ALL after failure of imatinib therapy and allo-SCT. Bone Marrow Transplantation 43:7, 579-581
CrossRef61
Kelley Healey, S. Lauren Gray, Gregory E. Halligan, Ann S. McKenzie, Jean-Pierre de Chadarévian, Jennifer J.D. Morrissette. (2009) Hyperdiploidy with trisomy 9 and deletion of the CDKN2A locus in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics 190:2, 121-124
CrossRef62
S Fulda. (2009) Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins in hematological malignancies. Leukemia 23:3, 467-476
CrossRef63
Carlos Alberto Scrideli, Fábio Morato de Oliveira, Maria Sol Brassesco, Rosane de Paula Queiroz, José Eduardo Bernardes, Elvis Terci Valera, Luiz Gonzaga Tone. (2009) Is p190 bcr-abl rearrangement necessary for acute transformation in some p210 CML of childhood?. Leukemia Research 33:3, 495-499
CrossRef64
Bettina Reismüller, Andishe Attarbaschi, Christina Peters, Michael N. Dworzak, Ulrike Pötschger, Christian Urban, Franz-Martin Fink, Bernhard Meister, Klaus Schmitt, Karin Dieckmann, Günter Henze, Oskar A. Haas, Helmut Gadner, Georg Mann, . (2009) Long-term outcome of initially homogenously treated and relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in Austria - A population-based report of the Austrian Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) Study Group. British Journal of Haematology 144:4, 559-570
CrossRef65
Lynda M Vrooman, Lewis B Silverman. (2009) Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: update on prognostic factors. Current Opinion in Pediatrics 21:1, 1-8
CrossRef66
Carlos Santamaría-Quesada, Mario Vargas, Patricia Venegas, Melvin Calvo, Catalina Obando, Berta Valverde, Walter Cartín, Juan Manuel Carrillo, Rafael Jimenez, Marcos González. (2009) Molecular and Epidemiologic Findings of Childhood Acute Leukemia in Costa Rica. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 31:2, 131-135
CrossRef67
Martin Stanulla, Martin Schrappe. (2009) Treatment of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Seminars in Hematology 46:1, 52-63
CrossRef68
Jorge H. Milone, Alicia Enrico. (2009) Treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma 50:s2, 9-15
CrossRef69
Jae Hee Lee, Hoi Soo Yoon, Joon Sup Song, Eun Seok Choi, Hyung Nam Moon, Jong Jin Seo, Ho Joon Im. (2009) Unrelated Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Children with Acute Leukemia: Experience at a Single Institution. Journal of Korean Medical Science 24:5, 904
CrossRef70
M J Burke, B Trotz, X Luo, K S Baker, D J Weisdorf, J E Wagner, M R Verneris. (2009) Allo-hematopoietic cell transplantation for Ph chromosome-positive ALL: impact of imatinib on relapse and survival. Bone Marrow Transplantation 43:2, 107-113
CrossRef71
Krystyna Soszynska, Barbara Mucha, Robert Debski, Katarzyna Skonieczka, Ewa Duszenko, Andrzej Koltan, Mariusz Wysocki, Olga Haus. (2008) The application of conventional cytogenetics, FISH, and RT-PCR to detect genetic changes in 70 children with ALL. Annals of Hematology 87:12, 991-1002
CrossRef72
Alana A. Kennedy-Nasser, Catherine M. Bollard, G. Doug Myers, Kathryn S. Leung, Stephen Gottschalk, Yiqun Zhang, Hao Liu, Helen E. Heslop, Malcolm K. Brenner, Robert A. Krance. (2008) Comparable Outcome of Alternative Donor and Matched Sibling Donor Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant for Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in First or Second Remission Using Alemtuzumab in a Myeloablative Conditioning Regimen. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 14:11, 1245-1252
CrossRef73
M. Schrappe. (2008) Risk-adapted stratification and treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 132:2, 130-133
CrossRef74
D. Pulte, A. Gondos, H. Brenner. (2008) Improvement in survival in younger patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia from the 1980s to the early 21st century. Blood 113:7, 1408-1411
CrossRef75
Irén Haltrich, Monika Csóka, Gábor Kovács, György Fekete. (2008) A hagyományos citogenetika és a FISH egymást jól kiegészítő vizsgálatok gyermekkori akut limfoid leukémiában. Magyar Onkológia 52:3, 283-291
CrossRef76
Joachim Köchling, Javier Prada, Masoud Bahrami, Renata Stripecke, Karl Seeger, Günter Henze, Burghardt Wittig, Manuel Schmidt. (2008) Anti-tumor effect of DNA-based vaccination and dSLIM immunomodulatory molecules in mice with Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Vaccine 26:36, 4669-4675
CrossRef77
R A Krance. (2008) Transplantation for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplantation 42, S25-S27
CrossRef78
Ryan Mattison, Wendy Stock. (2008) Approaches to treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adolescents and young adults. Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports 3:3, 144-151
CrossRef79
A K Fielding, A H Goldstone. (2008) Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant in Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Bone Marrow Transplantation 41:5, 447-453
CrossRef80
Ching-Hon Pui, Leslie L Robison, A Thomas Look. (2008) Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The Lancet 371:9617, 1030-1043
CrossRef81
Rupert Handgretinger, Joanne Kurtzberg, R. Maarten Egeler. (2008) Indications and Donor Selections for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children with Hematologic Malignancies. Pediatric Clinics of North America 55:1, 71-96
CrossRef82
P A Mehta, S M Davies. (2008) Allogeneic transplantation for childhood ALL. Bone Marrow Transplantation 41:2, 133-139
CrossRef83
Stella M. Davies, Jacob M. Rowe, Frederick R. Appelbaum. (2008) Indications for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Acute Leukemia. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 14:1, 154-164
CrossRef84
Kimbach T Carpiuc, Jennifer M Stephens, Marc F Botteman, Weiwei Feng, Joel W Hay. (2007) A review of the clinical and economic outcomes of imatinib in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 8:16, 2775-2787
CrossRef85
Jan Styczynski, Mariusz Wysocki, Robert Debski, Krzysztof Czyzewski, Beata Kolodziej, Beata Rafinska, Malgorzata Kubicka, Sylwia Koltan, Andrzej Koltan, Monika Pogorzala, Andrzej Kurylak, Dorota Olszewska-Slonina, Walentyna Balwierz, Edyta Juraszewska, Maria Wieczorek, Igor Olejnik, Maryna Krawczuk-Rybak, Marta Kuzmicz, Jerzy Kowalczyk, Jolanta Stefaniak, Wanda Badowska, Danuta Sonta-Jakimczyk, Tomasz Szczepanski, Michal Matysiak, Iwona Malinowska, Elzbieta Stanczak. (2007) Predictive value of multidrug resistance proteins and cellular drug resistance in childhood relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology 133:11, 875-893
CrossRef86
A J Willemze, R B Geskus, E M Noordijk, H B Kal, R M Egeler, J M Vossen. (2007) HLA-identical haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute leukaemia in children: less relapse with higher biologically effective dose of TBI. Bone Marrow Transplantation 40:4, 319-327
CrossRef87
Ramya Ramanujachar, Sue Richards, Ian Hann, Anthony Goldstone, Christopher Mitchell, Ajay Vora, Jacob Rowe, David Webb. (2007) Adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: Outcome on UK national paediatric (ALL97) and adult (UKALLXII/E2993) trials. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 48:3, 254-261
CrossRef88
T Szczepański. (2007) Why and how to quantify minimal residual disease in acute lymphoblastic leukemia?. Leukemia
CrossRef89
Nicholas Sioutos, Sherri de Coronado, Margaret W. Haber, Frank W. Hartel, Wen-Ling Shaiu, Lawrence W. Wright. (2007) NCI Thesaurus: A semantic model integrating cancer-related clinical and molecular information. Journal of Biomedical Informatics 40:1, 30-43
CrossRef90
Jung-Jun Bae, Yeo-Soon Jang, Jung-Yun Kim, Yeon-Jung Lim, Hyun-Kyung Park, Jin-Yeong Han, Young-Ho Lee. (2007) The Association between Cytogenetic Abnormalities and Clinical Outcomes Based on Prognostic Factors of the Children Cancer Group (CCG) in Pediatric Patients with Acute Leukemia: Two Institutional Retrospective Studies. The Korean Journal of Hematology 42:3, 206
CrossRef91
Hyoung Jin Kang, Hee Young Shin, Hyo Seop Ahn. (2007) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children: past, present and future. Korean Journal of Pediatrics 50:7, 601
CrossRef92
Hany Ariffin, Siew-Peng Chen, Cecilia S. Kwok, Thuan-Chong Quah, Hai-Peng Lin, Allen E. J. Yeoh. (2007) Ethnic Differences in the Frequency of Subtypes of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Results of the Malaysia-Singapore Leukemia Study Group. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 29:1, 27-31
CrossRef93
T Inukai, X Zhang, M Goto, K Hirose, K Uno, K Akahane, A Nemoto, K Goi, H Sato, K Takahashi, H Honna, K Kagami, K Nakamoto, H Yagita, K Okumura, T Koyama-Okazaki, S Nakazawa, K Sugita. (2006) Resistance of infant leukemia with MLL rearrangement to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand: a possible mechanism for poor sensitivity to antitumor immunity. Leukemia 20:12, 2119-2129
CrossRef94
Ramya Ramanujachar, Sue Richards, Ian Hann, David Webb. (2006) Adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: Emerging from the shadow of paediatric and adult treatment protocols. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 47:6, 748-756
CrossRef95
Heather Landau, Nicole Lamanna. (2006) Clinical manifestations and treatment of newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults. Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports 1:3, 171-179
CrossRef96
Jaewon Choi, Yu Kyeong Hwang, Ki Woong Sung, Dong Hyun Kim, Keon Hee Yoo, Hye Lim Jung, Hong Hoe Koo. (2006) Aven overexpression: Association with poor prognosis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia Research 30:8, 1019-1025
CrossRef97
Anthony M. Ford, Ángel Martínez-Ramírez. (2006) Therapeutic opportunities and targets in childhood leukemia. Clinical and Translational Oncology 8:8, 560-565
CrossRef98
Yusuke Inoue, Arinobu Tojo, Rieko Sekine, Yasushi Soda, Seiichiro Kobayashi, Akiko Nomura, Kiyoko Izawa, Toshio Kitamura, Toshiyuki Okubo, Kuni Ohtomo. (2006) In vitro validation of bioluminescent monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic response in leukaemia model animals. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 33:5, 557-565
CrossRef99
Naoki Hatakeyama, Yasuaki Tamura, Hiroeki Sahara, Nobuhiro Suzuki, Kazuhiko Suzuki, Tsukasa Hori, Nobuo Mizue, Toshihiko Torigoe, Hiroyuki Tsutsumi, Noriyuki Sato. (2006) Induction of autologous CD4- and CD8-mediated T-cell responses against acute lymphocytic leukemia cell line using apoptotic tumor cell–loaded dendritic cells. Experimental Hematology 34:2, 197-207
CrossRef100
Oussama Abla, Adam Gassas, Robert Stevens, Ronald Grant, Mohamed Abdelhaleem. (2006) bcr-abl-Positive T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Associated With Parvovirus B19 Infection. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 28:2, 98-99
CrossRef101
Pui, Ching-Hon, Evans, William E., . (2006) Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. New England Journal of Medicine 354:2, 166-178
Full Text102
J M Talano, J T Casper, B M Camitta, C A Keever-Taylor, K J Murray, M Eapen, K L Pierce, D A Margolis. (2006) Alternative donor bone marrow transplant for children with Philadelphia chromosome ALL. Bone Marrow Transplantation 37:2, 135-141
CrossRef103
Masamitsu Yanada, Tomoki Naoe. (2006) Imatinib combined chemotherapy for Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Major challenges in current practice. Leukemia & Lymphoma 47:9, 1747-1753
CrossRef104
H Gadner, G Masera, M Schrappe, T Eden, Y Benoit, C Harrison, J Nachman, C-H Pui. (2006) The eighth international childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia workshop (‘Ponte di Legno meeting’) report: Vienna, Austria, April 27–28, 2005. Leukemia 20:1, 9-17
CrossRef105
Kelly K. Sawczyn, Ralph Quinones, Janet Malcolm, Nicholas Foreman, Tim Garrington, Lia Gore, Dexiang Gao, Roger Giller. (2005) Cord blood transplant in childhood ALL. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 45:7, 964-970
CrossRef106
Paul S. Gaynon. (2005) Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and relapse. British Journal of Haematology 131:5, 579-587
CrossRef107
Theresa Hahn, Donna Wall, Bruce Camitta, Stella Davies, Hildy Dillon, Paul Gaynon, Richard A. Larson, Susan Parsons, Jerome Seidenfeld, Daniel Weisdorf, Philip L. McCarthy. (2005) The Role of Cytotoxic Therapy with Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the Therapy of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children: An Evidence-Based Review. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 11:11, 823-861
CrossRef108
Elizabeth A Raetz, Deepa Bhojwani, Dong-Joon Min, William L Carroll. (2005) Individualized therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Personalized Medicine 2:4, 349-361
CrossRef109
H-J Shin, J S Chung, G J Cho. (2005) Imatinib interim therapy between chemotherapeutic cycles and in vivo purging prior to autologous stem cell transplantation, followed by maintenance therapy is a feasible treatment strategy in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplantation 36:10, 917-918
CrossRef110
Louise K. Jones, Vaskar Saha. (2005) Philadelphia positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia of childhood. British Journal of Haematology 130:4, 489-500
CrossRef111
Andreia A. Canalli, Hui Yang, Sima Jeha, Koyu Hoshino, Blanca Sanchez-Gonzalez, Mark Brandt, Sherry Pierce, Hagop Kantarjian, Jean-Pierre Issa, Guillermo Garcia-Manero. (2005) Aberrant DNA methylation of a cell cycle regulatory pathway composed of P73, P15 and P57KIP2 is a rare event in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia Research 29:8, 881-885
CrossRef112
Oskar A. Haas. (2005) Genetische Diagnostik in der pädiatrischen Onkologie Genetic diagnosis in pediatric oncology. LaboratoriumsMedizin 29:3, 162-175
CrossRef113
Kazutoshi Fujita, Hiroshi Ohta, Akira Tsujimura, Tetsuya Takao, Yasushi Miyagawa, Shingo Takada, Kiyomi Matsumiya, Teruhiko Wakayama, Akihiko Okuyama. (2005) Transplantation of spermatogonial stem cells isolated from leukemic mice restores fertility without inducing leukemia. Journal of Clinical Investigation 115:7, 1855-1861
CrossRef114
A. J. BENCH, W. N. ERBER, M. A. SCOTT. (2005) Molecular genetic analysis of haematological malignancies: I. Acute leukaemias and myeloproliferative disorders. Clinical and Laboratory Haematology 27:3, 148-171
CrossRef115
Anindita Roy, Mike Bradburn, Anthony V. Moorman, Julie Burrett, Sharon Love, Sally E. Kinsey, Chris Mitchell, Ajay Vora, Tim Eden, John S. Lilleyman, Ian Hann, Vaskar Saha, . (2005) Early response to induction is predictive of survival in childhood Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: results of the Medical Research Council ALL 97 trial. British Journal of Haematology 129:1, 35-44
CrossRef116
F Pane, G Cimino, B Izzo, A Camera, A Vitale, C Quintarelli, M Picardi, G Specchia, M Mancini, A Cuneo, C Mecucci, G Martinelli, G Saglio, B Rotoli, F Mandelli, F Salvatore, R Foà. (2005) Significant reduction of the hybrid BCR/ABL transcripts after induction and consolidation therapy is a powerful predictor of treatment response in adult Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia
CrossRef117
LINDSAY M. HAWKINS, AARTHI A. JAYANTHAN, ARU NARENDRAN. (2005) Effects of 17-Allylamino-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) on Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) with Respect to Bcr-Abl Status and Imatinib Mesylate Sensitivity. Pediatric Research 57:3, 430-437
CrossRef118
Monica A. Fisher, Gregg H. Gilbert, Brent J. Shelton. (2005) Effectiveness of dental services in facilitating recovery from oral disadvantage. Quality of Life Research 14:1, 197-206
CrossRef119
Marina I. Gutiérrez, Georgina Timson, Abdul K. Siraj, Rong Bu, Shakuntala Barbhaya, Sripad Banavali, Kishor Bhatia. (2005) Single Monochrome Real-Time RT-PCR Assay for Identification, Quantification, and Breakpoint Cluster Region Determination of t(9;22) Transcripts. The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics 7:1, 40-47
CrossRef120
Sucheta J Vaidya, Miguel Ortín, Mónica López-Duarte, Bhawna Sirohi, Raymond Powles, Jennifer Treleaven, Carlos Richard. (2005) Haemopoietic progenitor cell transplantation in patients with previous history of invasive fungal infection. Leukemia & Lymphoma 46:8, 1143-1150
CrossRef121
Myl
ne Bassal, Mei K. La, James A. Whitlock, Harland N. Sather, Nyla A. Heerema, Paul S. Gaynon, Linda C. Stork. (2005) Lymphoblast biology and outcome among children with Down syndrome and ALL treated on CCG-1952. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 44:1, 21-28
CrossRef122
Bojana Slavkovic, Marija Guc-Scekic, Gordana Bunjevacki, S. Djuricic, Aleksandra Krstic, D. Micic, Dragana Vujic, M. Kuzmanovic, Nada Rasovic-Gvozdenovic. (2005) Acute leukemia of childhood: A single institution's experience. Archives of Biological Sciences 57:1, 11-17
CrossRef123
Åsa Gustafsson Jernberg, Mats Remberger, Olle Ringdén, Jacek Winiarski. (2004) Risk factors in pediatric stem cell transplantation for leukemia. Pediatric Transplantation 8:5, 464-474
CrossRef124
Krzysztof Mrózek, Nyla A Heerema, Clara D Bloomfield. (2004) Cytogenetics in acute leukemia. Blood Reviews 18:2, 115-136
CrossRef125
Michel Vulfovich, Nabil Saba. (2004) Molecular biological design of novel antineoplastic therapies. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 13:6, 577-607
CrossRef126
Renato Bassan, Gemma Gatta, Carlo Tondini, Roel Willemze. (2004) Adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 50:3, 223-261
CrossRef127
Pui, Ching-Hon, Relling, Mary V., Downing, James R., . (2004) Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. New England Journal of Medicine 350:15, 1535-1548
Full Text128
Luba Trakhtenbrot, Gideon Rechavi, Ninette Amariglio. (2004) The Multiparametric Scanning System for Evaluation of Minimal Residual Disease in Hematological Malignancies. Acta Haematologica 112:1-2, 24-29
CrossRef129
Tomasz Szczepański, Vincent H.J van der Velden, Jacques J.M van Dongen. (2003) Classification systems for acute and chronic leukaemias. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology 16:4, 561-582
CrossRef130
Ching-Hon Pui, Raul C. Ribeiro. (2003) International Collaboration on Childhood Leukemia. International Journal of Hematology 78:5, 383-389
CrossRef131
Chirayu Udomsakdi-Auewarakul, Orathai Promsuwicha, Chintana Tocharoentanaphol, Chanya Munhketvit, Kovit Pattanapanyasat, Surapol Issaragrisil. (2003) Immunophenotypes and Outcome of Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive and -Negative Thai Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. International Journal of Hematology 78:4, 337-343
CrossRef132
Martin Schrappe. (2003) Prognostic factors in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics 70:10, 817-824
CrossRef133
Lewis B. Silverman, Stephen E. Sallan. (2003) Newly diagnosed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: update on prognostic factors and treatment. Current Opinion in Hematology 10:4, 290-296
CrossRef134
Peter J. Campbell, Alexander A. Morley. (2003) Modelling a minimal residual disease-based treatment strategy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. British Journal of Haematology 122:1, 30-38
CrossRef135
Derek L. Stirewalt, Katherine A. Guthrie, Lan Beppu, Eileen M. Bryant, Kris Doney, Ted Gooley, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Jerald P. Radich. (2003) Predictors of relapse and overall survival in Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia after transplantation. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 9:3, 206-212
CrossRef136
Geoffrey A. M. Neale, Dario Campana, Ching-Hon Pui. (2003) Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Real Improvement With the Real-Time Quantitative PCR Method?. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 25:2, 100-102
CrossRef137
Scott A Armstrong, Andrew L Kung, Meghann E Mabon, Lewis B Silverman, Ronald W Stam, Monique L Den Boer, Rob Pieters, John H Kersey, Stephen E Sallan, Jonathan A Fletcher, Todd R Golub, James D Griffin, Stanley J Korsmeyer. (2003) Inhibition of FLT3 in MLL. Cancer Cell 3:2, 173-183
CrossRef138
Frederick R. Appelbaum. (2003) The Current Status of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Annual Review of Medicine 54:1, 491-512
CrossRef139
Seok Lee, Dong-Wook Kim, Bin Cho, Yoo-Jin Kim, Yoo-Li Kim, Ji-Yeon Hwang, Yoon-Hee Park, Ho-Jin Shin, Chi-Young Park, Woo-Sung Min, Hack-Ki Kim, Chun-Choo Kim. (2003) Risk factors for adults with Philadelphia-chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in remission treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: the potential of real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. British Journal of Haematology 120:1, 145-153
CrossRef140
James B. Nachman. (2002) Treatment: The Most Important Prognostic Variable. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 24:9, 704-705
CrossRef141
Giovanni Cazzaniga, Elisabetta d'Aniello, Lilia Corral, Andrea Biondi. (2002) Results of minimal residual disease (MRD) evaluation and MRD-based treatment stratification in childhood ALL. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology 15:4, 623-638
CrossRef142
Ágnes Zvara, László Hackler, B. Zsolt Nagy, Tamás Micsik, László G. Puskás. (2002) New molecular methods for classification, diagnosis and therapy prediction of hematological malignancies. Pathology & Oncology Research 8:4, 231-240
CrossRef143
Martin Schrappe, Rita Beier, Britta Bürger. (2002) New treatment strategies in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology 15:4, 729-740
CrossRef144
Partow Kebriaei, John Anastasi, Richard A. Larson. (2002) Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: diagnosis and classification. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology 15:4, 597-621
CrossRef145
Giovanni Cazzaniga, Marina Lanciotti, Vincenzo Rossi, Daniela Di Martino, Maurizio Arico, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Giuseppe Basso, Giuseppe Masera, Concetta Micalizzi, Andrea Biondi. (2002) Prospective molecular monitoring of BCR/ABL transcript in children with Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukaemia unravels differences in treatment response. British Journal of Haematology 119:2, 445-453
CrossRef146
Mamta Gupta, Anil Kumar, Sunil Dabadghao. (2002) Resistance ofbcr-abl-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia to daunorubicin is not mediated bymdr1 Gene Expression. American Journal of Hematology 71:3, 172-176
CrossRef147
Teruaki Hongo, Shuichi Okada, Noriko Inoue, Sayuri Yamada, Shuhei Yajima, Chieko Watanabe, Yuji Fujii, Yasuo Horikoshi. (2002) Two Groups of Philadelphia Chromosome—Positive Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Classified by Pretreatment Multidrug Sensitivity or Resistance in In Vitro Testing. International Journal of Hematology 76:3, 251-259
CrossRef148
Georg Mann, Monika M. Trebo, Oskar A. Haas, Eva R. Grumayer-Panzer, Michael N. Dworzak, Thomas Lion, Helmut Gadner. (2002) Philadelphia chromosome-positive mature B-cell (Burkitt cell) leukaemia. British Journal of Haematology 118:2, 559-562
CrossRef149
Paul S. Gaynon. (2002) Response to Donadieu and Hill. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 24:6, 426-428
CrossRef150
Scott A. Armstrong, James J-D. Hsieh, Stanley J. Korsmeyer. (2002) Genomic approaches to the pathogenesis and treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Current Opinion in Hematology 9:4, 339-344
CrossRef151
Stefan Faderl, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Deborah A. Thomas, Hagop M. Kantarjian. (2002) Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia- current concepts and future perspectives. Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Hematology 6:2, 142-160
CrossRef152
Ching-Hon Pui, Mary V. Relling, Dario Campana, William E. Evans. (2002) Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Hematology 6:2, 161-180
CrossRef153
Ching-Hon Pui, Paul S Gaynon, James M Boyett, Judith M Chessells, André Baruchel, Willem Kamps, Lewis B Silverman, Andrea Biondi, Dörthe O Harms, Etienne Vilmer, Martin Schrappe, Bruce Camitta. (2002) Outcome of treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with rearrangements of the 11q23 chromosomal region. The Lancet 359:9321, 1909-1915
CrossRef154
N.L. Ramakers-van Woerden, R. Pieters, D. Hoelzer, R.M. Slater, M.L. den Boer, A.H. Loonen, J. Harbott, G.E. Janka-Schaub, W-D Ludwig, G.J. Ossenkoppele, E.R. van Wering, A.J.P. Veerman. (2002) In vitro drug resistance profile of Philadelphia positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia is heterogeneous and related to age: A report of the Dutch and German Leukemia Study Groups. Medical and Pediatric Oncology 38:6, 379-386
CrossRef155
Nick Goulden, Colin Steward. (2002) Clinical relevance of MRD in children undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation for ALL. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology 15:1, 59-70
CrossRef156
Paul S. Gaynon. (2002) From Where Do Clinical Trials Come?. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 24:3, 172-174
CrossRef157
Giovanni Cazzaniga, Vincenzo Rossi, Andrea Biondi. (2002) Monitoring minimal residual disease using chromosomal translocations in childhood ALL. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology 15:1, 21-35
CrossRef158
Jerald P. Radich. (2002) Molecular measurement of minimal residual disease in Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology 15:1, 91-103
CrossRef159
Tomasz Szczepański, Thomas Flohr, Vincent H.J. van der Velden, Claus R. Bartram, Jacques J.M. van Dongen. (2002) Molecular monitoring of residual disease using antigen receptor genes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology 15:1, 37-57
CrossRef160
Louis M Staudt. (2002) It's ALL in the diagnosis. Cancer Cell 1:2, 109-110
CrossRef161
Eng-Juh Yeoh, Mary E Ross, Sheila A Shurtleff, W.Kent Williams, Divyen Patel, Rami Mahfouz, Fred G Behm, Susana C Raimondi, Mary V Relling, Anami Patel, Cheng Cheng, Dario Campana, Dawn Wilkins, Xiaodong Zhou, Jinyan Li, Huiqing Liu, Ching-Hon Pui, William E Evans, Clayton Naeve, Limsoon Wong, James R Downing. (2002) Classification, subtype discovery, and prediction of outcome in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia by gene expression profiling. Cancer Cell 1:2, 133-143
CrossRef162
Wood, Alastair J.J., , Savage, David G., Antman, Karen H., . (2002) Imatinib Mesylate — A New Oral Targeted Therapy. New England Journal of Medicine 346:9, 683-693
Full Text163
F. A. Al-Kasim, I. Thornley, M. Rolland, W. Lau, R. Tsang, M. H. Freedman, E. F. Saunders, S. Calderwood, J. J. Doyle. (2002) Single-centre experience with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood: similar survival after matched-related and matched-unrelated donor transplants. British Journal of Haematology 116:2, 483-490
CrossRef164
Taijiro Mori, Atsushi Manabe, Masahiro Tsuchida, Ryoji Hanada, Hiromasa Yabe, Akira Ohara, Tomohiro Saito, Shinpei Nakazawa. (2001) Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in first remission rescues children with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Tokyo Children's Cancer Study Group (TCCSG) studies L89-12 and L92-13. Medical and Pediatric Oncology 37:5, 426-431
CrossRef165
Ching-Hon Pui. (2001) Risk Assessment in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Beyond Leukemia Cell Characteristics. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 23:7, 405-408
CrossRef166
Fernando Marco, Encarna Bureo, Arancha Bermúdez, Elena Fernández-Fontecha, Alberto Zubizarreta. (2001) Treatment of acute leukemia in children: recent advances and future challenges. Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 1:3, 479-486
CrossRef167
Ching-Hon Pui, Dario Campana, William E Evans. (2001) Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia – current status and future perspectives. The Lancet Oncology 2:10, 597-607
CrossRef168
Druker, Brian J., Sawyers, Charles L., Kantarjian, Hagop, Resta, Debra J., Reese, Sofia Fernandes, Ford, John M., Capdeville, Renaud, Talpaz, Moshe, . (2001) Activity of a Specific Inhibitor of the BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase in the Blast Crisis of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with the Philadelphia Chromosome. New England Journal of Medicine 344:14, 1038-1042
Full Text169
Thomas G. Martin, James L. Gajewski. (2001) Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia in Adults. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 15:1, 97-120
CrossRef170
Jerald P. Radich. (2001) Philadelphia Chromosome–Positive Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 15:1, 21-36
CrossRef171
Thomas G. Martin, Charles A. Linker. (2001) Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia in Adults. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 15:1, 121-143
CrossRef172
Jorge Cortes. (2001) Central Nervous System Involvement in Adult Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 15:1, 145-162
CrossRef173
Hagop M. Kantarjian. (2000) ADULT ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 14:6, 1205-1208
CrossRef174
Stefan Faderl, Maher Albitar. (2000) INSIGHTS INTO THE BIOLOGIC AND MOLECULAR ABNORMALITIES IN ADULT ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 14:6, 1267-1288
CrossRef175
(2000) Philadelphia Chromosome–Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children. New England Journal of Medicine 343:14, 1043-1044
Full Text176
Adolfo A Ferrando, A.Thomas Look. (2000) Clinical implications of recurring chromosomal and associated molecular abnormalities in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Seminars in Hematology 37:4, 381-395
CrossRef177
(2000) Current Awareness. Hematological Oncology 18:3, 121-128
CrossRef
- Letters
