Original Article
Lamivudine as Initial Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis B in the United States
N Engl J Med 1999; 341:1256-1263October 21, 1999
- Abstract
Background
Although the nucleoside analogue lamivudine has shown promise in patients with chronic hepatitis B, long-term data on patients from the United States are lacking.
Methods
We randomly assigned previously untreated patients with chronic hepatitis B to receive either 100 mg of oral lamivudine or placebo daily for 52 weeks. We then followed them for an additional 16 weeks to evaluate post-treatment safety and the durability of responses. The primary end point with respect to efficacy was a reduction of at least 2 points in the score on the Histologic Activity Index. On this scale, scores can range from 0 (normal) to 22 (most severe abnormalities).
Results
Of the 143 randomized patients, 137 were included in the efficacy analysis: 66 in the lamivudine group and 71 in the placebo group. The other six patients were excluded at the base-line visit because of the absence of a documented history of hepatitis B surface antigen for at least six months. After 52 weeks of treatment, lamivudine recipients were more likely than placebo recipients to have a histologic response (52 percent vs. 23 percent, P<0.001), loss of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in serum (32 percent vs. 11 percent, P=0.003), sustained suppression of serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA to undetectable levels (44 percent vs. 16 percent, P<0.001), and sustained normalization of serum alanine aminotransferase levels (41 percent vs. 7 percent, P<0.001), and they were less likely to have increased hepatic fibrosis (5 percent vs. 20 percent, P=0.01). Lamivudine recipients were also more likely to undergo HBeAg seroconversion, defined as the loss of HBeAg, undetectable levels of serum HBV DNA, and the appearance of antibodies against HBeAg (17 percent vs. 6 percent, P=0.04). HBeAg responses persisted in most patients for 16 weeks after the discontinuation of treatment. Lamivudine was well tolerated. Self-limited post-treatment elevations in serum alanine aminotransferase were more common in lamivudine recipients: 25 percent had serum alanine aminotransferase levels that were at least three times base-line levels, as compared with 8 percent of placebo recipients (P=0.01). The clinical condition of all patients remained stable during the study.
Conclusions
In U.S. patients with previously untreated chronic hepatitis B, one year of lamivudine therapy had favorable effects on histologic, virologic, and biochemical features of the disease and was well tolerated. HBeAg responses were usually sustained after treatment.
Media in This Article
Figure 2
Median Serum HBV DNA Levels after 3, 6, and 12 Months of Lamivudine Therapy.Figure 1
Median Changes in Serum HBV DNA Levels from Base Line (Panel A) and Percentages of Patients with Undetectable Serum HBV DNA Levels (Panel B).Article Activity
- Article
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects more than 300 million people worldwide, contributing to debilitating illness and death.1 Until recently, the only antiviral drug for the treatment of hepatitis B was interferon.2-4
In preliminary studies of patients with chronic hepatitis B, lamivudine, an oral nucleoside analogue,5 was well tolerated and suppressed serum levels of HBV DNA profoundly.6-9 We therefore conducted a one-year study of the efficacy of lamivudine in patients with chronic hepatitis B. After our data on patients had been collected, Lai et al.10 reported the results of a placebo-controlled study in which they found histologic, biochemical, and serologic improvement in patients in Hong Kong after 12 months of lamivudine therapy.
The natural history of HBV infection differs between Asian and Western patients. Asian patients, who usually become infected perinatally, rarely have an acute hepatitis-like clinical syndrome but almost invariably remain chronically infected and are at substantial risk for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Western patients, who are usually infected as adults by percutaneous or sexual exposure, typically have an acute hepatitis-like clinical illness and rarely become chronically infected.1,11-15 In addition, Asian patients, especially those with normal or near-normal aminotransferase activity, have less of a response to interferon therapy than Western patients.16 We postulated that such differences in the natural history of chronic hepatitis B and the responsiveness to interferon between Asian and Western patients would be reflected by a difference in response to lamivudine in Western patients with chronic hepatitis B. Moreover, in the study by Lai et al.,10 therapy was continued indefinitely and the effect of stopping therapy was not assessed. Our study included a four-month follow-up period, which allowed us to evaluate post-treatment effects and the durability of serologic responses.
Methods
Study Design
Between May 1995 and August 1997, we conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of previously untreated patients with chronic hepatitis B in 34 U.S. centers. Patients received either 100 mg of lamivudine (Epivir-HBV, Glaxo Wellcome, Research Triangle Park, N.C.) per day orally or matching placebo for 52 weeks and were then monitored for an additional 16 weeks. The patients were assessed two and four weeks after the initiation of therapy and every four weeks thereafter. Liver biopsies were performed at base line, unless they had been done within the previous 12 months, and at week 52. The study was approved by the institutional review boards at participating medical centers, and all patients gave written, informed consent.
Patients
When this study was conducted, the results of the placebo-controlled efficacy study by Lai et al.10 were not available, and the only approved therapy was interferon alfa, an injectable drug with substantial side effects. Potential subjects had to acknowledge that by participating in the study, they were willing to forgo interferon therapy.
To be eligible, patients had to be at least 18 years of age; to have had detectable serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for at least six months, serum hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) for at least one month, and serum alanine aminotransferase levels that were 1.3 to 10 times the upper limit of the normal range for at least three months. Patients also had to have evidence of chronic hepatitis on liver biopsy and detectable levels of serum HBV DNA according to a hybridization assay (Abbott Diagnostics, North Chicago, Ill.). The limit of detection of this assay was approximately 1.6 pg (106 genomes) per milliliter.
Patients were excluded if they had any of the following: previous antiviral treatment for hepatitis B; treatment with antiviral agents, immunomodulatory drugs, or corticosteroids within six months before the study began; a bilirubin level of more than 2.5 mg per deciliter (43 μmol per liter); a prothrombin time that was more than three seconds longer than normal; an albumin level of less than 3.5 g per deciliter; a history of ascites, variceal hemorrhage, or hepatic encephalopathy; coinfection with hepatitis C virus, hepatitis D virus, or the human immunodeficiency virus; a nuclear antibody titer of more than 1:160; a creatinine level of more than 1.5 mg per deciliter (130 μmol per liter); a hemoglobin level of less than 11 g per deciliter; a white-cell count of less than 3000 per cubic millimeter, a neutrophil count of less than 1500 per cubic millimeter, and a platelet count of less than 100,000 per cubic millimeter; or the presence of confounding medical illness or other types of liver disease. Women who were pregnant or breast-feeding were also excluded.
End Points
The primary end point was an improvement of at least 2 points in the score on the Histologic Activity Index.17 On this index, scores can range from 0 (normal) to 22 (the most severe abnormalities) and are the sum of four histologic components: the severity of periportal necrosis (range of scores, 0 to 10), intralobular necrosis (0 to 4), portal inflammation (0 to 4), and fibrosis (0 to 4). A reduction of at least 2 points has been validated as a clinically meaningful indicator of histologic changes in patients with chronic viral hepatitis.10,18-20 The scores for the Histologic Activity Index were calculated by an independent histopathologist who examined all slides of liver-biopsy specimens and who was unaware of the patients' treatment assignments or the times at which the specimens had been obtained. In addition, he performed a blinded ranking comparison, using a method validated previously,2,10 of paired biopsy slides for each patient — one obtained before treatment and the other obtained at week 52 — in which he separately graded necroinflammatory features and determined the stage of fibrosis. After the code was broken, the results of these comparisons were used to determine whether the findings on the liver-biopsy specimen obtained at week 52 were better than, worse than, or the same as those for biopsy specimens obtained at base line.
Secondary end points included the loss of detectable levels of HBeAg and HBV DNA in serum and the appearance of antibody to HBeAg (referred to as HBeAg seroconversion); worsening fibrosis, on the basis of the ranked assessment of paired biopsy specimens; sustained return of serum alanine aminotransferase levels to normal; sustained suppression of serum levels of HBV DNA (i.e., the absence of detectable levels on two consecutive measurements and thereafter until the end of therapy); the loss of detectable levels of serum HBeAg or of HBsAg; and adverse effects. During the 16-week follow-up period (weeks 53 to 68), the durability of the response was assessed and the patients were monitored for adverse effects. Efficacy outcomes were subjected to a modified intention-to-treat analysis that included all randomized patients who met the entry criteria; analyses with fewer than 66 patients in the lamivudine group or 71 patients in the placebo group reflect the exclusion of patients whose serologic or biochemical status at base line differed from that at screening. For the histologic analyses, patients who had missing biopsy data were counted as having no response. All patients who received at least one dose of lamivudine or placebo were included in the analyses of adverse effects.
Genetic Analysis
Mutations in the YMDD (tyrosine, methionine, aspartate, and aspartate) motif of HBV polymerase, which have been associated with potential resistance of HBV to lamivudine,21-23 were assessed in HBV DNA amplified by the polymerase chain reaction.10,24 HBV DNA was obtained from stored serum samples obtained at week 52.
Statistical Analysis
We anticipated that 50 percent of the patients in the lamivudine group and 10 percent of those in the placebo group would have a reduction of at least 2 points in the score on the Histologic Activity Index. We determined that at least 120 patients would be needed to allow the study to have a two-tailed significance level of 0.05 and a power of 99 percent. We further assumed that base-line liver-biopsy samples might be inadequate for histologic evaluation in 5 percent of patients, that base-line Histologic Activity Index scores would be less than 2 in up to 10 percent of patients, that 10 percent of patients might withdraw from the trial, that 10 percent might decline to undergo a second liver biopsy, and that 5 percent of the liver-biopsy samples obtained at the end of treatment would be inadequate for histologic evaluation. These assumptions and the classification of all patients with missing histologic data as having no response to treatment would result in an apparent histologic response in 33 percent of lamivudine recipients and 7 percent of placebo recipients, giving the study a power of 90 percent.
Statistical tests (the Mantel–Haenszel test, the van Elteren test, Fisher's exact test, and the signed-rank test) for comparisons between treatment groups and resulting P values were two-tailed.25 Logistic-regression models, adjusted for base-line covariates (serum alanine aminotransferase and HBV DNA levels, scores on the Histologic Activity Index, race, age, sex, weight, and presence or absence of cirrhosis), were used to assess the effect of covariates on efficacy outcomes.25 No interim analyses were performed.
Results
We screened 217 patients and enrolled 143: 72 were randomly assigned to the placebo group and 71 to the lamivudine group. Six of the 143 patients were excluded at the base-line visit because of the absence of a documented history of serum HBsAg for at least six months. Of these six, two withdrew before receiving any treatment. Therefore, the modified intention-to-treat population consisted of 137 patients: 66 received lamivudine and 71 placebo. For the assessments of histologic response, paired biopsy data were available for 104 of the 137 patients. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups with respect to demographic or clinical features at base line, with the exception of the route of acquisition of the infection and serum levels of HBV DNA. Serum levels of HBV DNA were higher in the lamivudine group at base line (Table 1Table 1
Base-Line Characteristics of the Patients.). The condition of all the patients was stable at enrollment and remained so during the study.Histologic Response
In the lamivudine group, 34 of 66 patients (52 percent) had a reduction of at least 2 points in the Histologic Activity Index score, as compared with 16 of 71 patients (23 percent) in the placebo group (P<0.001). The inclusion of the six randomized patients who met the eligibility criteria at screening but not at entry had no effect on the results (37 of 71 lamivudine recipients [52 percent] vs. 16 of 72 placebo recipients [22 percent], P<0.001). Histologic worsening, defined as an increase of at least 2 points in the Histologic Activity Index score, occurred in 7 of 66 lamivudine recipients (11 percent) and 17 of 71 placebo recipients (24 percent, P<0.001).
In a blinded ranking of pretreatment and post-treatment liver-biopsy specimens, we identified a decrease in necroinflammatory activity in specimens from 42 of 66 lamivudine recipients (64 percent) and 24 of 71 placebo recipients (34 percent, P=0.001) and increased fibrosis in specimens from 3 of 66 lamivudine recipients (5 percent) and 14 of 71 placebo recipients (20 percent, P=0.01). The median reduction in the score of the Histologic Activity Index was 3 in the lamivudine group and 0 in the placebo group. Lamivudine recipients with HBeAg seroconversion (i.e., loss of serum HBeAg, undetectable levels on serum HBV DNA, and the presence of antibodies against HBeAg) or loss of serum HBeAg had median reductions in the scores on the Histologic Activity Index of 6 and 5, respectively. Lamivudine recipients with no change in HBeAg status had median reductions in scores of 3 and 2, respectively.
Virologic Response
Lamivudine suppressed serum HBV DNA to undetectable levels in nearly all treated patients, within a median of four weeks. The cumulative percentage of patients in whom serum HBV DNA levels were undetectable at least once during treatment was 98 percent in the lamivudine group (62 of 63 patients) and 33 percent in the placebo group (23 of 69 patients). The cumulative percentage with sustained suppression of serum HBV DNA levels through week 52 was 44 percent in the lamivudine group (28 of 63 patients) and 16 percent in the placebo group (11 of 69 patients, P<0.001). Among the lamivudine recipients, the median level of suppression of serum HBV DNA levels ranged from 95 to 99 percent throughout the 52 weeks of therapy. Among placebo recipients, serum levels of HBV DNA fell gradually during treatment, with a median level of suppression of approximately 40 percent (Figure 1AFigure 1
Median Changes in Serum HBV DNA Levels from Base Line (Panel A) and Percentages of Patients with Undetectable Serum HBV DNA Levels (Panel B).). The percentage of patients at each study visit with undetectable serum HBV DNA levels is shown in Figure 1B.By week 52 of therapy, lamivudine recipients were more likely than placebo recipients to have had HBeAg seroconversion (11 of 63 [17 percent] vs. 4 of 69 [6 percent], P=0.04) and to have lost serum HBeAg (21 of 66 [32 percent] vs. 8 of 71 [11 percent], P=0.003). Sixteen weeks after the end of treatment, 11 of 63 lamivudine recipients (17 percent) had undergone HBeAg seroconversion (3 who had previously seroconverted reverted, and 3 underwent seroconversion for the first time, for a net change of 0 and a maintenance of the serologic response in 8 [73 percent] of the 11 who had undergone HBeAg seroconversion at week 52). A total of 6 of 69 placebo recipients (9 percent) had undergone HBeAg seroconversion at week 68. Similarly, 16 weeks after the end of treatment, 19 of 66 lamivudine recipients (29 percent) did not have serum HBeAg (it was present in 4 in whom it had been absent at week 52 and absent in 2 in whom it had been present at week 52, for a net loss of 2 patients and a maintenance of the serologic response in 81 percent). A total of 11 of 71 placebo recipients (15 percent) did not have serum HBeAg at week 68 (it was present in 1 in whom it had been absent at week 52 and absent in 4 in whom it had been present at week 52, for a net gain of 3 and a maintenance of the serologic response in 88 percent). Loss of serum HBsAg occurred in 1 of 66 lamivudine recipients (2 percent) but in none of 71 placebo recipients.
As compared with patients who received lamivudine for 3 months6 or 6 months,9 whose serum HBV DNA levels returned to base line within 2 months after the end of treatment, our patients, who received lamivudine for 12 months, had a slower return of detectable serum HBV DNA levels (Figure 2Figure 2
Median Serum HBV DNA Levels after 3, 6, and 12 Months of Lamivudine Therapy.), and the median levels were approximately 55 percent below the base-line levels at week 68 (Figure 1).To identify the potential effect of base-line variables on the histologic and serologic responses, we performed logistic-regression analyses that included base-line characteristics as covariates. The likelihood of a histologic response (odds ratio, 7.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.7 to 20.9; P<0.001) and of HBeAg seroconversion (odds ratio, 9.7; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.7 to 56.1; P=0.01) remained significantly higher among lamivudine recipients than among placebo recipients after adjustment for the base-line covariates of serum alanine aminotransferase levels, serum HBV DNA levels, Histologic Activity Index score, race (Asian, white, black, or other or unknown), age, sex, weight, and the presence or absence of cirrhosis.
Biochemical Response
During the 52 weeks of treatment, serum alanine aminotransferase levels returned to normal and remained so in 27 of 66 lamivudine recipients (41 percent) and 5 of 68 placebo recipients (7 percent, P<0.001).
Adverse Events
Lamivudine was well tolerated, with an incidence of adverse events that was similar to that for placebo. The most common adverse events were malaise or fatigue and nausea or vomiting (Table 2Table 2
Adverse Clinical and Laboratory Events during 52 Weeks of Therapy and 16 Weeks of Follow-up.). There were no deaths or instances of hepatic decompensation during the study. The frequency of grade III or IV abnormalities in clinical laboratory values was similar in the two study groups (Table 2). During therapy, similar proportions of both groups had elevations in serum alanine aminotransferase (Table 3Table 3
Incidence of Elevations in Serum Alanine Aminotransferase Levels during 52 Weeks of Treatment and 16 Weeks of Follow-up.). After therapy, serum alanine aminotransferase levels that were at least three times the base-line values were more common among lamivudine recipients than among placebo recipients (25 percent vs. 8 percent, P=0.01); however, none of the patients who had elevations in serum alanine aminotransferase levels had hepatic decompensation (Table 3). Elevations in serum alanine aminotransferase during therapy were more frequently associated with HBeAg seroconversion and loss of HBeAg in the lamivudine group (4 of 18 patients [22 percent] and 6 of 18 patients [33 percent], respectively) than in the placebo group (0 of 18 and 2 of 19 patients [11 percent], respectively).Viral Variants
We analyzed HBV DNA amplified from serum samples obtained at the end of treatment (week 52) from 44 lamivudine recipients for whom adequate serum samples were available. Fourteen (32 percent) had detectable mutations in the YMDD motif of HBV polymerase; only patients with the wild-type sequence had HBeAg seroconversion. Median serum HBV DNA levels and serum alanine aminotransferase levels were similar at base line in the group with YMDD mutations and the group with the wild-type sequence (132 and 87 pg per milliliter and 120 and 111 U per liter, respectively). Despite such apparent genotypic resistance, the patients with YMDD mutations had lower median serum HBV DNA levels (47 pg per milliliter) and serum alanine aminotransferase levels (77 U per liter) at week 52 than at base line, significantly so in the case of serum HBV DNA levels (P<0.001 by the signed-rank test). At week 52, 19 of 30 patients with the wild-type sequence (63 percent) and 6 of 14 patients with YMDD mutations (43 percent) had a histologic response. Sixteen weeks after the discontinuation of therapy, the median serum HBV DNA and alanine aminotransferase levels in the group with YMDD mutations were 112 pg per milliliter and 110 U per liter, respectively — values that were close to the base-line levels.
Discussion
In U.S. patients with previously untreated chronic hepatitis B, treatment with lamivudine for one year was well tolerated, decreased histologic liver abnormalities, and increased the rate of HBeAg seroconversion (defined as the loss of HBeAg in serum, undetectable serum HBV DNA levels, and the presence of antibodies against HBeAg). Lamivudine also increased the rates of loss of serum HBeAg, suppression of serum HBV DNA levels, and normalization of serum alanine aminotransferase levels. Hepatic necroinflammatory activity was decreased, and the progression of hepatic fibrosis was retarded. Loss of serum HBeAg occurred by week 52 in 32 percent of lamivudine-treated patients, similar to the 33 percent rate reported in a meta-analysis of interferon-treated patients.4 In contrast to reports suggesting that the efficacy of interferon was reduced in Asian patients,16 our findings and those of Lai et al.10 suggest that the effects of lamivudine are similar in Asian and Western populations.
Furthermore, by incorporating the cessation of therapy into our study design, we determined that the virologic response was maintained 16 weeks after the end of treatment in 73 percent of lamivudine-treated patients who had HBeAg seroconversion and 81 percent of those with loss of serum HBeAg by week 52. A recent study that used an extended-treatment protocol found that such HBeAg responses were maintained for a median of 19 months after treatment in more than 80 percent of patients.26 Therefore, continuation of treatment with lamivudine until there is an HBeAg response would be a reasonable strategy. Continued follow-up would allow reinstitution of therapy for the minority of patients in whom the response is not sustained.
Post-treatment monitoring for safety revealed that elevations in serum alanine aminotransferase were more common after lamivudine therapy than after placebo. There have been reports of occasional, severe elevations in serum alanine aminotransferase after treatment27; in our study, however, these elevations were not clinically severe and were not associated with hepatic decompensation.
Loss of HBsAg, reported in 8 to 10 percent of interferon-treated patients,2,4 occurred in only one lamivudine recipient in our study. In recent studies that compared lamivudine and interferon, however, loss of HBsAg was rare in both groups.28,29 Whether lamivudine therapy will be followed by late losses of HBsAg and improvements in the natural history of chronic hepatitis B after an HBeAg response, as occurs after interferon therapy,30-32 remains to be seen.
Although serum HBV DNA levels are suppressed during lamivudine treatment in almost all patients, HBV subpopulations with YMDD mutations eventually emerge in some patients and are associated with diminished therapeutic responses.10,33 We identified such mutations at one year in 32 percent of the 44 lamivudine recipients for whom we had adequate serum samples — a proportion that is more than twice that reported in Asian patients (14 percent).10 Despite the occurrence of YMDD mutations, however, serum HBV DNA and alanine aminotransferase levels at the end of treatment with lamivudine remained lower than the base-line levels. These findings may be explained by the observation that HBV with YMDD mutations is less replication-competent in vitro than wild-type HBV.24,34 Longer-term monitoring of patients with such mutations and those without them is ongoing.
The goal of antiviral therapy is to arrest or delay the progressive HBV-associated hepatic injury, and histologic improvements are thought to be effected by the suppression of viral replication. In patients who are treated with interferon, sustained reductions in serum HBV DNA levels occur primarily in those with HBeAg responses. In contrast, in our study, substantial reductions in serum HBV DNA levels occurred in virtually all lamivudine recipients, independent of the HBeAg responses. Therefore, patients who have not had HBeAg seroconversion or loss of HBeAg after one year of lamivudine treatment are candidates for extended treatment in order to maintain the suppression of viral replication and, as a result, stop or attenuate the liver damage. Preliminary data suggest that long-term therapy is well tolerated35; studies to assess the effects of long-term suppressive therapy in patients who do not seroconvert are in progress.
Which should be first-line therapy — interferon or lamivudine? Favoring interferon are the limited duration of treatment and the absence of a recognized effect of HBV mutations on efficacy. Favoring lamivudine are the lower likelihood of side effects, the convenience of administration, and the fact that the histologic benefit is seen in the majority of patients, not just those with HBeAg responses. It is uncertain whether the results of treatment with a combination of lamivudine and interferon would be better than the results of treatment with either drug alone. On the basis of initial reports from two controlled studies, however, combination therapy does not appear to have greater benefit than lamivudine monotherapy.28,29
Presented in part at the 99th Annual Meeting of the American Gastroenterological Association, New Orleans, May 17, 1998, and in abstract form (Gastroenterology 1998;114:A1235).
Supported by Glaxo Wellcome, the Hepatitis Research Fund of Massachusetts General Hospital, and a Clinical Research Center grant (M01RR01066) from the National Institutes of Health.
Drs. Dienstag, Schiff, Wright, Perrillo, Hann, and Goodman have consulted for Glaxo Wellcome.
We are indebted to Randy L. Davis, Dr.P.H., for assistance with statistical analyses; to Josee Gauthier for performing the analyses of viral variants; and to the study coordinators at each study site.
Source Information
From the Gastrointestinal Unit (Medical Services) and Liver–Biliary–Pancreas Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.L.D.); the Center for Liver Diseases, University of Miami Medical Center and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami (E.R.S.); the Gastroenterology Division, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco (T.L.W.); the Division of Gastroenterology, Ochsner Clinic, New Orleans (R.P.P.); the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia (H.-W.L.H.); the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C. (Z.G.); and Glaxo Wellcome, Research Triangle Park, N.C. (L.C., L.D.C., M.W., M.R., N.A.B.).
Address reprint requests to Dr. Dienstag at the Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, or at jdienstag@partners.org.
Other members of the U.S. Lamivudine Investigator Group are listed in the Appendix.
Appendix
In addition to the authors, the U.S. Lamivudine Investigator Group includes the following persons: B.R. Bacon (St. Louis University, St. Louis), A. Baker (University of Chicago, Chicago), S.H. Caldwell (University of Virginia, Charlottesville), D.E. Casey, Jr. (Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore), G.L. Davis (University of Florida, Gainesville), G.T. Everson (University of Colorado, Denver), R.T. Foust (Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston), R. Gish (California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco), N. Gitlin (Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta), S.C. Gordon (William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Mich.), I.S. Grimm (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill), I. Jacobson (New York Hospital, New York), K.V. Kowdley (University of Washington, Seattle), W.M. Lee (University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas), J.H. Lewis (Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C.), K. Lindsay (University of Southern California, Los Angeles), L. Marsano (University of Kentucky, Lexington), C.B. O'Brien (Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia), J. Rakela (University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh), C. Riely (University of Tennessee, Memphis), V.K. Rustgi (Fairfax Hospital, Fairfax, Va.), C.I. Sanchez Rodriguez (Hato Rey, P.R.), L. Seeff (Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, D.C.), M.L. Shiffman (Medical College of Virginia, Richmond), C.H. Tamburro (deceased) (University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky.), and M.J. Tong (Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena, Calif.).
- References
References
1
Dienstag JL, Isselbacher KJ. Acute viral hepatitis. In: Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Isselbacher KJ, et al., eds. Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 14th ed. Vol. 2. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1998:1677-92.
2
Perrillo RP ,Schiff ER ,Davis GL , et al. A randomized, controlled trial of interferon alfa-2b alone and after prednisone withdrawal for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. N Engl J Med 1990;323:295-301
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline3
Hoofnagle JH ,Di Bisceglie AM . The treatment of chronic viral hepatitis. N Engl J Med 1997;336:347-356
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline4
Wong DKH ,Cheung AM ,O'Rourke K ,Naylor CD ,Detsky AS ,Heathcote J . Effect of alpha-interferon treatment in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 1993;119:312-323
Web of Science | Medline5
Doong SL ,Tsai CH ,Schinazi RF ,Liotta DC ,Cheng YC . Inhibition of the replication of hepatitis B virus in vitro by 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine and related analogues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991;88:8495-8499
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline6
Dienstag JL ,Perrillo RP ,Schiff ER ,Bartholomew M ,Vicary C ,Rubin M . A preliminary trial of lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B infection. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1657-1661
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline7
Honkoop P ,de Man RA ,Niesters HGM , et al. Quantitative hepatitis B virus DNA assessment by the limiting-dilution polymerase chain reaction in chronic hepatitis B patients: evidence of continuing viral suppression with longer duration and higher dose of lamivudine therapy. J Viral Hepat 1998;5:307-312
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline8
Tyrrell DLJ ,Mitchell MC ,De Man RA , et al. Phase II trial of lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 1993;18:112A-112A abstract.
CrossRef | Web of Science9
Nevens F ,Main J ,Honkoop P , et al. Lamivudine therapy for chronic hepatitis B: a six-month randomized dose-ranging study. Gastroenterology 1997;113:1258-1263
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline10
Lai C-L ,Chien R-N ,Leung NWY , et al. A one-year trial of lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B. N Engl J Med 1998;339:61-68
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline11
Seeff LB ,Koff RS . Evolving concepts of the clinical and serologic consequences of hepatitis B virus infection. Semin Liver Dis 1986;6:11-22
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline12
Margolis HS ,Alter MJ ,Hadler SC . Hepatitis B: evolving epidemiology and implications for control. Semin Liver Dis 1991;11:84-92
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline13
Beasley RP ,Hwang L-Y . Postnatal infectivity of hepatitis B surface antigen-carrier mothers. J Infect Dis 1983;147:185-190
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline14
Seeff LB ,Beebe GW ,Hoofnagle JH , et al. A serologic follow-up of the 1942 epidemic of post-vaccination hepatitis in the United States Army. N Engl J Med 1987;316:965-970
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline15
Tassopoulos NC ,Papaevangelou GJ ,Sjogren MH ,Roumeliotou-Karayannis A ,Gerin JL ,Purcell RH . Natural history of acute hepatitis B surface antigen-positive hepatitis in Greek adults. Gastroenterology 1987;92:1844-1850
Web of Science | Medline16
Perrillo RP . Factors influencing response to interferon in chronic hepatitis B: implications for Asian and western populations. Hepatology 1990;12:1433-1435
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline17
Knodell RG ,Ishak KG ,Black WC , et al. Formulation and application of a numerical scoring system for assessing histological activity in asymptomatic chronic active hepatitis. Hepatology 1981;1:431-435
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline18
Goodman ZD ,Ishak KG . Histopathology of hepatitis C virus infection. Semin Liver Dis 1995;15:70-81
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline19
Carithers RL Jr ,Emerson SS . Therapy of hepatitis C: meta-analysis of interferon alfa-2b trials. Hepatology 1997;26:Suppl 1:83S-88S
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline20
McHutchison JG ,Gordon SC ,Schiff ER , et al. Interferon alfa-2b alone or in combination with ribavirin as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1485-1492
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline21
Ling R ,Mutimer D ,Ahmed M , et al. Selection of mutations in the hepatitis B virus polymerase during therapy of transplant recipients with lamivudine. Hepatology 1996;24:711-713
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline22
Tipples GA ,Ma MM ,Fischer KP ,Bain VG ,Kneteman NM ,Tyrrell DLJ . Mutation in HBV RNA-dependent DNA polymerase confers resistance to lamivudine in vivo. Hepatology 1996;24:714-717
Web of Science | Medline23
Bartholomew MM ,Jansen RW ,Jeffers LJ , et al. Hepatitis-B-virus resistance to lamivudine given for recurrent infection after orthotopic liver transplantation. Lancet 1997;349:20-22
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline24
Allen MI ,Deslauriers M ,Andrews CW , et al. Identification and characterization of mutations in hepatitis B virus resistant to lamivudine. Hepatology 1998;27:1670-1677
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline25
Peace KE, ed. Biopharmaceutical statistics for drug development. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1988.
26
Schiff E ,Cianciara J ,Kowdley K , et al. Durability of HBeAg seroconversion after lamivudine monotherapy in controlled phase II and III trials. Hepatology1998;28:163A-163A abstract.
Web of Science27
Honkoop P ,de Man RA ,Heitjink RA ,Schalm SW . Hepatitis B reactivation after lamivudine. Lancet 1995;346:1156-1157
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline28
Heathcote J ,Schalm SW ,Cianciara J , et al. Lamivudine and Intron A combination treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. J Hepatol 1998;28:Suppl 1:43-43 abstract.
CrossRef29
Schiff E ,Karayalcin S ,Grimm I , et al. A placebo controlled study of lamivudine and interferon alpha-2b in patients with chronic hepatitis B who previously failed interferon therapy. Hepatology1998;28:388A-388A abstract.
Web of Science30
Niederau C ,Heintges T ,Lange S , et al. Long-term follow-up of HBeAg-positive patients treated with interferon alfa for chronic hepatitis B. N Engl J Med 1996;334:1422-1427
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline31
Lau DT-Y ,Everhart J ,Kleiner DE , et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with interferon alfa. Gastroenterology 1997;113:1660-1667
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline32
Korenman J ,Baker B ,Waggoner J ,Everhart JE ,Di Bisceglie AM ,Hoofnagle JH . Long-term remission of chronic hepatitis B after alpha-interferon therapy. Ann Intern Med 1991;114:629-634
Web of Science | Medline33
Chayama K ,Suzuki Y ,Kobayashi M , et al. Emergence and takeover of YMDD motif mutant hepatitis B virus during long-term lamivudine therapy and re-takeover by wild type after cessation of therapy. Hepatology 1998;27:1711-1716
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline34
Melegari M ,Scaglioni PP ,Wands JR . Hepatitis B virus mutants associated with 3TC and famciclovir administration are replication defective. Hepatology 1998;27:628-633
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline35
Dienstag JL ,Schiff ER ,Mitchell M , et al. Extended lamivudine retreatment for chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology1996;24:188A-188A abstract.
- Citing Articles (568)
Citing Articles
1
Sae Hwan Lee, Hong Soo Kim, In-Seon Byun, Soung Won Jeong, Sang Gyune Kim, Jae Young Jang, Young Seok Kim, Boo Sung Kim. (2012) Pre-existing YMDD mutants in treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B are not selected during lamivudine therapy. Journal of Medical Virology 84:2, 217-222
CrossRef2
Henry Lik-Yuen Chan, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong. 2012. Hepatitis B. , 540-563.
CrossRef3
Yorihisa Urata, Shoji Kubo, Shigekazu Takemura, Takahiro Uenishi, Shintaro Kodai, Hiroji Shinkawa, Masayuki Sakae, Kazuhisa Kaneda, Kazunori Ohata, Akinori Nozawa, Shigefumi Suehiro. (2011) Effects of antiviral therapy on long-term outcome after liver resection for hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Sciences
CrossRef4
, Doan Y. Dao, Emmanuel Seremba, Veeral Ajmera, Corron Sanders, Linda S. Hynan, William M. Lee. (2011) Use of Nucleoside (Tide) Analogues in Patients with Hepatitis B-Related Acute Liver Failure. Digestive Diseases and Sciences
CrossRef5
Anna S. F. Lok, Francesco Negro. 2011. Hepatitis B and D. , 537-581.
CrossRef6
Hui-Fang Hung, Hsiu-Hsi Chen. (2011) Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Prophylactic Lamivudine Use in Preventing Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Infection. PharmacoEconomics 29:12, 1063-1073
CrossRef7
J. Fung, C.-L. Lai, W.-K. Seto, M.-F. Yuen. (2011) Nucleoside/nucleotide analogues in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 66:12, 2715-2725
CrossRef8
Michael Chang, Sammy Saab. (2011) Interferon for Hepatitis B: Which Populations Benefit the Most. Current Hepatitis Reports 10:4, 285-291
CrossRef9
Yuk-Fai Lam, Man-Fung Yuen, Wai-Kay Seto, Ching-Lung Lai. (2011) Current Antiviral Therapy of Chronic Hepatitis B: Efficacy and Safety. Current Hepatitis Reports 10:4, 235-243
CrossRef10
Natravis Cox, Hans Tillmann. (2011) Emerging pipeline drugs for hepatitis B infection. Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs 16:4, 713-729
CrossRef11
W. S. Ayoub, E. B. Keeffe. (2011) Review article: current antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 34:10, 1145-1158
CrossRef12
Eiichi Ogawa, Norihiro Furusyo, Masayuki Murata, Hachiro Ohnishi, Kazuhiro Toyoda, Hiroaki Taniai, Takeshi Ihara, Hiroaki Ikezaki, Takeo Hayashi, Mosaburo Kainuma, Jun Hayashi. (2011) Longitudinal assessment of liver stiffness by transient elastography for chronic hepatitis B patients treated with nucleoside analog. Hepatology Researchno-no
CrossRef13
R. R. Razonable. (2011) Antiviral Drugs for Viruses Other Than Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 86:10, 1009-1026
CrossRef14
R. Idilman, K. Cinar, G. Seven, Y. Bozkus, A. Elhan, M. Bozdayi, C. Yurdaydin, K. Bahar. (2011) Hepatitis B surface antigen seroconversion is associated with favourable long-term clinical outcomes during lamivudine treatment in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients. Journal of Viral Hepatitisno-no
CrossRef15
Elizabeth Ramsey Unal, Gweneth B. Lazenby, Anne E. Lintzenich, Kit N. Simpson, Roger Newman, Laura Goetzl. (2011) Cost-Effectiveness of Maternal Treatment to Prevent Perinatal Hepatitis B Virus Transmission. Obstetrics & Gynecology 118:3, 655-662
CrossRef16
Weina Li, Meifang Han, Yong Li, Dan Chen, Xiaoping Luo, Qin Ning. (2011) Antiviral resistance mutations potentiate HBV surface antigen-induced transcription of hfgl2 prothrombinase gene. Biochemistry (Moscow) 76:9, 1043-1050
CrossRef17
Maximilian Lee, Emmet B. Keeffe. (2011) Hepatitis B: Modern End Points of Treatment and the Specter of Viral Resistance. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 40:3, 495-505
CrossRef18
Jingying Qiu, Bixue Xu, Zhengming Huang, Weidong Pan, Peixue Cao, Changxiao Liu, Xiaojiang Hao, Baoan Song, Guangyi Liang. (2011) Synthesis and biological evaluation of Matijing-Su derivatives as potent anti-HBV agents. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 19:18, 5352-5360
CrossRef19
Hong Joo Kim, Jung Ho Park, Dong Il Park, Yong Kyun Cho, Chong Il Sohn, Woo Kyu Jeon, Byung Ik Kim. (2011) The influence of YMDD mutation patterns on clinical outcomes in patients with adefovir add-on lamivudine combination treatment. Liver Internationaln/a-n/a
CrossRef20
Richard Wilber, Bruce Kreter, Marc Bifano, Stephanie Danetz, Lois Lehman-McKeeman, Daniel J. Tenney, Nicholas Meanwell, Robert Zahler, Helena Brett-Smith. 2011. Discovery and Development of Entecavir. , 401-416.
CrossRef21
J. Sun, J.-L. Hou, Q. Xie, X.-H. Li, J.-M. Zhang, Y.-M. Wang, H. Wang, J.-Y. Lai, S.-J. Chen, J.-D. Jia, J.-F. Sheng, H. L. Y. Chan, J.-F. Wang, M. K. K. Li, M. Jiang, M. Popescu, J. J. Y. Sung. (2011) Randomised clinical trial: efficacy of peginterferon alfa-2a in HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B patients with lamivudine resistance. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 34:4, 424-431
CrossRef22
Ramazan Idilman, Mutlu Arat. (2011) Evaluation and management of hepatitis B virus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: before and after transplantation. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 9:8, 641-652
CrossRef23
Olivier Lada, Anne Gervais, Michel Branger, Gilles Peytavin, Benedicte Roquebert, Gilles Collin, Gil Fraqueiro, Rami Moucari, Gwen Hamet, Michelle Martinot-Peignoux, Sophie Matheron, Patrick Marcellin. (2011) Long-term outcome of primary non-responders to tenofovir therapy in HIV/HBV-co-infected patients: impact of HBV genotype G. Liver Internationaln/a-n/a
CrossRef24
Tsung-Hui Hu, Ming-Chao Tsai, Yen-Ta Chen, Yu-Shu Chien, Chao-Hung Hung, Te-Chuan Chen, Po-Lin Tseng, Kuo-Chin Chang, Yi-Hao Yen. (2011) The therapeutic response of antiviral therapy in HBsAg-positive renal transplant recipients and a long-term follow-up. Hepatology International
CrossRef25
Yu Chen, Xuefen Li, Bo Ye, Xianzhi Yang, Wei Wu, Baode Chen, Xiaoping Pan, Hongcui Cao, Lanjuan Li. (2011) Effect of telbivudine therapy on the cellular immune response in chronic hepatitis B. Antiviral Research 91:1, 23-31
CrossRef26
N.-P. Zhang, J. G. P. Reijnders, M. Perquin, B. E. Hansen, H. L. A. Janssen. (2011) Frequency and clinical outcomes of flares related to nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 18:7, e252-e257
CrossRef27
Kentaro Matsuura, Yasuhito Tanaka, Atsunori Kusakabe, Shuhei Hige, Jun Inoue, Masashi Komatsu, Tomoyuki Kuramitsu, Katsuharu Hirano, Tomoyoshi Ohno, Izumi Hasegawa, Haruhiko Kobashi, Keisuke Hino, Yoichi Hiasa, Hideyuki Nomura, Fuminaka Sugauchi, Shunsuke Nojiri, Takashi Joh, Masashi Mizokami. (2011) Recommendation of lamivudine-to-entecavir switching treatment in chronic hepatitis B responders: Randomized controlled trial. Hepatology Research 41:6, 505-511
CrossRef28
Ajay Kumar, Manisha Dwivedi, S. P. Misra, Sushil Narang, Balesh Kumar Tiwari, Renu Pandey. (2011) Clinical Profile, Genotype and Management Updates of Hepatitis B Virus. Indian Journal of Virology 22:1, 1-10
CrossRef29
Ellen Sloth Andersen, Ola Weiland, Peter Leutscher, Henrik Krarup, Johan Westin, Belinda Moessner, Zbigniew Konopski, Svein-Oskar Frigstad, Mette Kjær, Peer Brehm Christensen, Nina Weis. (2011) Low liver stiffness among cirrhotic patients with hepatitis B after prolonged treatment with nucleoside analogs. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 46:6, 760-766
CrossRef30
Mashu Aizawa, Akihito Tsubota, Kiyotaka Fujise, Keiko Tatsuzawa, Midori Kono, Sadayori Hoshina, Hisao Tajiri. (2011) Clinical course and predictive factors of virological response in long-term lamivudine plus adefovir dipivoxil combination therapy for lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients. Journal of Medical Virology 83:6, 953-961
CrossRef31
Robert P. Perrillo, Hie-Won Hann, Eugene Schiff, David Mutimer, Bernard Willems, Nancy Leung, William M. Lee, Susan Dixon, Mary Woessner, Carol L. Brosgart, Lynn D. Condreay, Stephen D. Gardner. (2011) Extended treatment with lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil in chronic hepatitis B patients with lamivudine resistance. Hepatology International 5:2, 654-663
CrossRef32
Meijun Long, Weijuan Jia, Shunrong Li, Liang Jin, Jiannan Wu, Nanyan Rao, Huiyi Feng, Kai Chen, Heran Deng, Fengtao Liu, Fengxi Su, Erwei Song. (2011) A single-center, prospective and randomized controlled study: Can the prophylactic use of lamivudine prevent hepatitis B virus reactivation in hepatitis B s-antigen seropositive breast cancer patients during chemotherapy?. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 127:3, 705-712
CrossRef33
Scott R. Walter, Hla-Hla Thein, Janaki Amin, Heather F. Gidding, Kate Ward, Matthew G. Law, Jacob George, Gregory J. Dore. (2011) Trends in mortality after diagnosis of hepatitis B or C infection: 1992–2006. Journal of Hepatology 54:5, 879-886
CrossRef34
Zhao-lei Feng, Xiao-yan Yu, Zhi-ming Lu, Da-ying Geng, Li Zhang, Shi-jun Chen. (2011) Rapid detection of the hepatitis B virus YMDD mutant using AllGlo™ probes. Clinica Chimica Acta 412:11-12, 1018-1021
CrossRef35
Anna S. F. Lok. 2011. Hepatitis B. , 367-392.
CrossRef36
Vincenza Calvaruso, Antonio Craxì. (2011) Fibrosis in chronic viral hepatitis. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 25:2, 219-230
CrossRef37
Hellan Kwon, Anna S. Lok. (2011) Hepatitis B therapy. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology
CrossRef38
V. Rijckborst, M. J. Sonneveld, H. L. A. Janssen. (2011) Review article: chronic hepatitis B - anti-viral or immunomodulatory therapy?. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 33:5, 501-513
CrossRef39
Feng Liu, Lei Wang, Xiao Ying Li, You De Liu, Jing Bo Wang, Zhao Hua Zhang, Yao Zong Wang. (2011) Poor durability of lamivudine effectiveness despite stringent cessation criteria: A prospective clinical study in hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B patients. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 26:3, 456-460
CrossRef40
Tatyana A. Shamliyan, James R. Johnson, Roderick MacDonald, Aasma Shaukat, Jian-Min Yuan, Robert L. Kane, Timothy J. Wilt. (2011) Systematic Review of the Literature on Comparative Effectiveness of Antiviral Treatments for Chronic Hepatitis B Infection. Journal of General Internal Medicine 26:3, 326-339
CrossRef41
Mauro Viganò, Pietro Lampertico. (2011) Antiviral drugs for HBV liver disease. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 11:3, 285-300
CrossRef42
Milan J. Sonneveld, Harry L. A. Janssen. (2011) Chronic hepatitis B: peginterferon or nucleos(t)ide analogues?. Liver International 31, 78-84
CrossRef43
Itaru Ozeki, Yoshiyasu Karino, Jun Akaike, Rikuumi Kimura, Tomohiro Arakawa, Tomoaki Nakashima, Yasuaki Kuwata, Takumi Ohmura, Takahiro Sato, Joji Toyota. (2011) Renal dysfunction in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with adefovir dipivoxil. Kanzo 52:2, 102-111
CrossRef44
George V. Papatheodoridis. (2011) Treatment of HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients with nucleos(t)ide analogues. Liver International 31, 95-103
CrossRef45
Carrie R. Wong, Huy N. Trinh, Benjamin Yip, Huy A. Nguyen, Ruel T. Garcia, Aijaz Ahmed, Emmet B. Keeffe, Mindie H. Nguyen. (2011) High Rate of Complete Viral Suppression With Combination Therapy in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B and Prior Treatment Failure. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 45:10, 900-905
CrossRef46
Soon Sun Kim, Jae Youn Cheong, Sung Won Cho. (2011) Current Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis B. Gut and Liver 5:3, 278
CrossRef47
Stephanos J. Hadziyannis. (2011) Milestones and perspectives in viral hepatitis B. Liver International 31, 129-134
CrossRef48
Richard Guan, Hock Foong Lui. (2011) Treatment of Hepatitis B in Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis. International Journal of Hepatology 2011, 1-11
CrossRef49
Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Eun Hee Choi, Jae Yeon Seok, Jung Min Lee, Young Nyun Park, Chae Yoon Chon, Kwang-Hyub Han. (2010) Non-invasive assessment of changes in liver fibrosis via liver stiffness measurement in patients with chronic hepatitis B: impact of antiviral treatment on fibrosis regression. Hepatology International 4:4, 673-680
CrossRef50
Helen Dakin, Carrie Fidler, Christie Harper. (2010) Mixed Treatment Comparison Meta-Analysis Evaluating the Relative Efficacy of Nucleos(t)ides for Treatment of Nucleos(t)ide-Naive Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B. Value in Health 13:8, 934-945
CrossRef51
Tetsuya Hosaka, Fumitaka Suzuki, Masahiro Kobayashi, Miharu Hirakawa, Yusuke Kawamura, Hiromi Yatsuji, Hitomi Sezaki, Norio Akuta, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Satoshi Saitoh, Yasuji Arase, Kenji Ikeda, Mariko Kobayashi, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2010) HBcrAg is a predictor of post-treatment recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma during antiviral therapy. Liver International 30:10, 1461-1470
CrossRef52
Helen S. Te. (2010) Antiviral Therapy: Analysis of Long-term Efficacy and Safety. Current Hepatitis Reports 9:4, 214-222
CrossRef53
Han Jak Ryu, Jung Min Lee, Sang Hoon Ahn, Do Young Kim, Myoung Ha Lee, Kwang-Hyub Han, Chae Yoon Chon, Jun Yong Park. (2010) Efficacy of adefovir add-on lamivudine rescue therapy compared with switching to entecavir monotherapy in patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Medical Virology 82:11, 1835-1842
CrossRef54
W. Chotiyaputta, A. S. F. Lok. (2010) Endpoints of hepatitis B treatment. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 17:10, 675-684
CrossRef55
Gloria Woo, George Tomlinson, Yasunori Nishikawa, Matthew Kowgier, Morris Sherman, David K.H. Wong, Ba Pham, Wendy J. Ungar, Thomas R. Einarson, E. Jenny Heathcote, Murray Krahn. (2010) Tenofovir and Entecavir Are the Most Effective Antiviral Agents for Chronic Hepatitis B: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-analyses. Gastroenterology 139:4, 1218-1229.e5
CrossRef56
Thomas B. Lentz, Daniel D. Loeb. (2010) Development of cell cultures that express hepatitis B virus to high levels and accumulate cccDNA. Journal of Virological Methods 169:1, 52-60
CrossRef57
H.-R. Li, J.-J. Huang, H.-Q. Guo, X. Zhang, Y. Xie, H.-L. Zhu, L.-Z. Zhai, X.-X. Pu, Y. Huang, C.-C. Guo, T.-Y. Lin. (2010) Comparison of entecavir and lamivudine in preventing hepatitis B reactivation in lymphoma patients during chemotherapy. Journal of Viral Hepatitisno-no
CrossRef58
Piero Luigi Almasio, Calogero Cammà, Vito Di Marco, Antonio Craxì. 2010. Hepatitis B: Prognosis and Treatment. , 448-464.
CrossRef59
Chanunta Hongthanakorn, Anna S.F. Lok. (2010) New Pharmacologic Therapies in Chronic Hepatitis B. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 39:3, 659-680
CrossRef60
Tatsuya Ide, Michio Sata, Kazuaki Chayama, Michiko Shindo, Joji Toyota, Satoshi Mochida, Eiichi Tomita, Hiromitsu Kumada, Gotaro Yamada, Hiroshi Yatsuhashi, Norio Hayashi, Hiroki Ishikawa, Taku Seriu, Masao Omata. (2010) Evaluation of long-term entecavir treatment in stable chronic hepatitis B patients switched from lamivudine therapy. Hepatology International 4:3, 594-600
CrossRef61
Paul S. Haber, Abdullah Demirkol. 2010. Gastrointestinal Diseases Associated with Substance Addiction. , 313-338.
CrossRef62
Hui-Hui Tan, Paul Martin. (2010) Management of End-Stage Liver Disease in Chronic Hepatitis B. Clinics in Liver Disease 14:3, 477-493
CrossRef63
Corinne Buchanan, Tram T. Tran. (2010) Management of Chronic Hepatitis B in Pregnancy. Clinics in Liver Disease 14:3, 495-504
CrossRef64
James Fung, Ching-Lung Lai, Man-Fung Yuen. (2010) Hepatitis B virus DNA and hepatitis B surface antigen levels in chronic hepatitis B. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 8:6, 717-726
CrossRef65
Alan R. Katritzky, C. Dennis Hall, Bahaa El-Dien M. El-Gendy, Bogdan Draghici. (2010) Tautomerism in drug discovery. Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design 24:6-7, 475-484
CrossRef66
Markus Peck-Radosavljevic, Johann Deutsch, Peter Ferenci, Ivo Graziadei, Harald Hofer, Heidemarie Holzmann, Wolf-Dietrich Huber, Herman Laferl, Andreas Maieron, Rudolf Stauber, Wolfgang Vogel. (2010) 4. Österreichischer Konsensusbericht zur Diagnose und Therapie der Hepatitis B 2009. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift 122:9-10, 280-302
CrossRef67
Wei-Li Dong, Zheng-Xiao Liu, Xing-Hai Liu, Zheng-Ming Li, Wei-Guang Zhao. (2010) Synthesis and antiviral activity of new acrylamide derivatives containing 1,2,3-thiadiazole as inhibitors of hepatitis B virus replication. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 45:5, 1919-1926
CrossRef68
Cynthia Tuthill, Israel Rios, Randy McBeath. (2010) Thymosin alpha 1: past clinical experience and future promise. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1194:1, 130-135
CrossRef69
Milan J. Sonneveld, Harry L. A. Janssen. (2010) Pros and Cons of Peginterferon Versus Nucleos(t)ide Analogues for Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B. Current Hepatitis Reports 9:2, 91-98
CrossRef70
Thomas J Cradick, Kathy Keck, Shannon Bradshaw, Andrew C Jamieson, Anton P McCaffrey. (2010) Zinc-finger Nucleases as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Targeting Hepatitis B Virus DNAs. Molecular Therapy 18:5, 947-954
CrossRef71
Chiaki Okuse, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi, Norie Yamada, Masaru Okamoto, Hiroki Ikeda, Minoru Kobayashi, Yasunobu Fukuda, Hideaki Takahashi, Yoshihiko Nagase, Yuka Suzuki, Kotaro Matsunaga, Toshiya Ishii, Nobuyuki Matsumoto, Kazuhiko Koike, Michihiro Suzuki, Fumio Itoh. (2010) Effect of nucleoside analog-interferon sequential therapy on patients with acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology Research 40:5, 461-469
CrossRef72
R. B. Takkenberg, C. J. Weegink, H. L. Zaaijer, H. W. Reesink. (2010) New developments in antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B. Vox Sanguinis 98:4, 481-494
CrossRef73
Chien-Hung Chen, Chuan-Mo Lee, Wei-Chih Tung, Jing-Houng Wang, Chao-Hung Hung, Tsung-Hui Hu, Jyh-Chwan Wang, Sheng-Nan Lu, Chi-Sin Changchien. (2010) Evolution of full-length HBV sequences in chronic hepatitis B patients with sequential lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil resistance. Journal of Hepatology 52:4, 478-485
CrossRef74
L. Wang, F. Liu, Y.-D. Liu, X.-Y. Li, J.-B. Wang, Z.-H. Zhang, Y.-Z. Wang. (2010) Stringent cessation criterion results in better durability of lamivudine treatment: a prospective clinical study in hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B patients. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 17:4, 298-304
CrossRef75
Yoshimasa Hashimoto, Fumitaka Suzuki, Miharu Hirakawa, Yusuke Kawamura, Hiromi Yatsuji, Hitomi Sezaki, Tetuya Hosaka, Norio Akuta, Masahiro Kobayashi, Satoshi Saito, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Mariko Kobayashi, Yasuji Arase, Kenji Ikeda, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2010) Clinical and virological effects of long-term (over 5 years) lamivudine therapy. Journal of Medical Virology 82:4, 684-691
CrossRef76
Ester Lopez-Suñé, Montse Tuset, Montse Laguno, Asunción Moreno, José M. Miró. (2010) Características de los fármacos antivíricos activos frente al virus de la hepatitis y el virus de la influenza: actualización 2009. Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica 28:4, 253.e1-253.e17
CrossRef77
Wolfram H. Gerlich, Michael Kann. 2010. Hepatitis B. .
CrossRef78
John Scott, Atif Zaman, Michael Chang. 2010. Viral Hepatitis. , 315-327.
CrossRef79
Yoshiyasu Karino, Joji Toyota, Hiromitsu Kumada, Yoshiaki Katano, Namiki Izumi, Haruhiko Kobashi, Michio Sata, Mitsuhiko Moriyama, Fumio Imazeki, Masayoshi Kage, Hiroki Ishikawa, Nobuyuki Masaki, Taku Seriu, Masao Omata. (2010) Efficacy and resistance of entecavir following 3 years of treatment of Japanese patients with lamivudine-refractory chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology International 4:1, 414-422
CrossRef80
Brian Rha, David Kimberlin, Richard Whitley. 2010. Antiviral Therapy. , 210-225.
CrossRef81
H. Y. Lu, L. W. Zhuang, Y. Y. Yu, C. W. Si. (2010) Virological response to antiviral therapy at week 12 indicates a great reduction of intrahepatic hepatitis B virus DNA and cccDNA in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 17, 59-65
CrossRef82
Mariko Kobayashi, Fumitaka Suzuki, Norio Akuta, Hiromi Yatsuji, Tetsuya Hosaka, Hitomi Sezaki, Masahiro Kobayashi, Yusuke Kawamura, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Yasuji Arase, Kenji Ikeda, Rie Mineta, Satomi Iwasaki, Sachiyo Watahiki, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2010) Correlation of YMDD mutation and breakthrough hepatitis with hepatitis B virus DNA and serum ALT during lamivudine treatment. Hepatology Research 40:2, 125-134
CrossRef83
Si Nafa Si Ahmed, Marie Ecochard, Fabien Zoulim. (2010) End points of therapy in chronic hepatitis B. Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 4:1, 37-49
CrossRef84
Hyun Woong Lee, Heon Ju Lee, Jae Seok Hwang, Joo Hyun Sohn, Jae Young Jang, Ki Jun Han, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Yong Han Paik, Chun Kyon Lee, Kwan Sik Lee, Chae Yoon Chon, Kwang-Hyub Han. (2010) Lamivudine maintenance beyond one year after HBeAg seroconversion is a major factor for sustained virologic response in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 51:2, 415-421
CrossRef85
Alexander James Thompson, Keyur Patel. (2010) Antifibrotic Therapies: Will We Ever Get There?. Current Gastroenterology Reports 12:1, 23-29
CrossRef86
Chin W Jung, Jennifer Tan, Nelly Tan, Melissa N Kuo, Ashwin Ashok, Samantha J Eells, Loren G Miller. (2010) Evidence for the insufficient evaluation and undertreatment of chronic hepatitis B infection in a predominantly low-income and immigrant population. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 25:2, 369-375
CrossRef87
Yanfang Jiang, Zhenhua Ma, Guijie Xin, Hongqing Yan, Wanyu Li, Huining Xu, Chunhai Hao, Junqi Niu, Pingwei Zhao. (2010) Th1 and Th2 Immune Response in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients during a Long-Term Treatment with Adefovir Dipivoxil. Mediators of Inflammation 2010, 1-10
CrossRef88
Suk Hyang Bae, Yang-Hyun Baek, Sung-Wook Lee, Sang Young Han. (2010) Treatment Efficacy of Clevudine, Entecavir and Lamivudine in Treatment-naive Patients with HBeAg-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B. The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 56:6, 365
CrossRef89
Seung Man Cho, Byung-Ho Choe, Mi Ae Chu, Jung-Mi Kim. (2010) Experience with Entecavir Therapy for Lamivudine-Resistant Chronic Hepatitis B in Korean Children and Adolescents. Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 13:1, 44
CrossRef90
R. G. Gish, T.-T. Chang, C.-L. Lai, R. De Man, A. Gadano, F. Poordad, J. Yang, H. Brett-Smith, R. Tamez. (2010) Loss of HBsAg antigen during treatment with entecavir or lamivudine in nucleoside-naïve HBeAg-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B*. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 17:1, 16-22
CrossRef91
Joanna Pancewicz, Oksana Kowalczuk, Lech Chyczewski. (2010) Evaluation of distant results after lamivudine discontinuation in children with chronic hepatitis B. Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 48:2, 237-241
CrossRef92
Nan Li, Eric C. H. Lai, Jie Shi, Wei-Xing Guo, Jie Xue, Bing Huang, Wan-Yee Lau, Meng-Chao Wu, Shu-Qun Cheng. (2010) A Comparative Study of Antiviral Therapy After Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Immune-Active Phase of Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Annals of Surgical Oncology 17:1, 179-185
CrossRef93
Halim Muslu. 2010. Viral Hepatitis. , 100-106.
CrossRef94
Christian Markus Lange, Bernd Kronenberger, Stefan Zeuzem. (2009) Hepatitis B: Management of suboptimal response to oral antiviral therapy. Current Hepatitis Reports 8:4, 173-180
CrossRef95
Byung-Cheol Song, Xiu Ji Cui, Yoo-Kyung Cho, Eun Kwang Choi, Soyoung Hyun, Hyun Joo Song, Heung Up Kim. (2009) New scoring system for predicting relapse after lamivudine-induced hepatitis B e-antigen loss in chronic hepatitis B patients. Hepatology Research 39:11, 1064-1071
CrossRef96
W. Ray Kim, Norah A. Terrault, Rachel A. Pedersen, Terry M. Therneau, Erick Edwards, Andrew A. Hindman, Carol L. Brosgart. (2009) Trends in Waiting List Registration for Liver Transplantation for Viral Hepatitis in the United States. Gastroenterology 137:5, 1680-1686
CrossRef97
Iñigo Les, Rita García-Martínez, Juan Córdoba, Manuel Quintana, Rafael Esteban, María Buti. (2009) Current trends in chronic hepatitis B management: results of a questionnaire. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 21:10, 1177-1183
CrossRef98
Anton P. McCaffrey. (2009) RNA Interference Inhibitors of Hepatitis B Virus. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1175:1, 15-23
CrossRef99
I. Elefsiniotis, M. Buti, R. Jardi, E. Vezali, R. Esteban. (2009) Clinical outcome of lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients with compensated cirrhosis under adefovir salvage treatment.. European Journal of Internal Medicine 20:5, 478-481
CrossRef100
Hakan Senturk, Fehmi Tabak, Resat Ozaras, Levent Erdem, Billur Canbakan, Ali Mert, Ibrahim Yurdakul. (2009) Efficacy of Pre-S-containing HBV Vaccine Combined with Lamivudine in the Treatment of Chronic HBV Infection. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 54:9, 2026-2030
CrossRef101
Nao Kurashige, Kazuyoshi Ohkawa, Naoki Hiramatsu, Takayuki Yakushijin, Kiyoshi Mochizuki, Tsugiko Oze, Shinichi Kiso, Tatsuya Kanto, Tetsuo Takehara, Akinori Kasahara, Yoshinori Doi, Akira Yamada, Kazuto Fukuda, Masahide Oshita, Eiji Mita, Hiroyuki Fukui, Toshihiko Nagase, Harumasa Yoshihara, Yasuharu Imai, Michio Kato, Takeshi Kashihara, Norio Hayashi. (2009) Lamivudine-to-entecavir switching treatment in type B chronic hepatitis patients without evidence of lamivudine resistance. Journal of Gastroenterology 44:8, 864-870
CrossRef102
Catherine T Frenette, Robert G Gish. (2009) Editorial: To “Be” or Not to “Be”: That Is the Question. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 104:8, 1948-1952
CrossRef103
James Fung, Ching-Lung Lai, Yasuhito Tanaka, Masashi Mizokami, John Yuen, Danny Ka-Ho Wong, Man-Fung Yuen. (2009) The Duration of Lamivudine Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis B: Cessation vs. Continuation of Treatment After HBeAg Seroconversion. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 104:8, 1940-1946
CrossRef104
Emilio Palumbo. (2009) Clevudine for Chronic Hepatitis B. Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice 17:4, 217-219
CrossRef105
Jin Yang, Ting Cai, Guo-Qiang Lou. (2009) Anti-hepatitis B virus treatment guided by long-term virus kinetics stepwise tracing. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 24:6, 1008-1016
CrossRef106
Lise L. Gluud, Christian Gluud. (2009) Meta-analyses on Viral Hepatitis. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 23:2, 315-330
CrossRef107
Kazuhiko Hayashi, Yoshiaki Katano, Masatoshi Ishigami, Akihiro Itoh, Yoshiki Hirooka, Isao Nakano, Hidemi Goto. (2009) Successful cessation of lamivudine using interferon in a patient with chronic hepatitis B who received prophylactic lamivudine treatment during chemotherapy. Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology 2:3, 210-213
CrossRef108
S. Gloria Selabe, Ernest Song, Rosemary J. Burnett, M. Jeffrey Mphahlele. (2009) Frequent detection of hepatitis B virus variants associated with lamivudine resistance in treated South African patients infected chronically with different HBV genotypes. Journal of Medical Virology 81:6, 996-1001
CrossRef109
Yasuhiro Miyake, Haruhiko Kobashi, Kazuhide Yamamoto. (2009) Meta-analysis: the effect of interferon on development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Journal of Gastroenterology 44:5, 470-475
CrossRef110
Guang Bi YAO, Mei ZHU, Zhen Yu CUI, Bao En WANG, Ji Lu YAO, Ming De ZENG. (2009) A 7-year study of lamivudine therapy for hepatitis B virus e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B patients in China. Journal of Digestive Diseases 10:2, 131-137
CrossRef111
Jules L. Dienstag. (2009) Benefits and risks of nucleoside analog therapy for hepatitis B. Hepatology 49:S5, S112-S121
CrossRef112
Richard A. Heipertz, Jason L. Starkey, Thomas G. Miller, Jianming Hu, Harriet C. Isom. (2009) trans-Complementation of HBV rtM204I mutant replication by HBV wild-type polymerase. Virology 388:1, 57-67
CrossRef113
Kazuyoshi Ohkawa, Tetsuo Takehara, Michio Kato, Aimi Kanada, Matsuo Deguchi, Masanori Kagita, Hayato Hikita, Akira Sasakawa, Keisuke Kohga, Akio Uemura, Ryotaro Sakamori, Shinjiro Yamaguchi, Takuya Miyagi, Hisashi Ishida, Tomohide Tatsumi, Norio Hayashi. (2009) Mutations associated with the therapeutic efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil added to lamivudine in patients resistant to lamivudine with type B chronic hepatitis. Journal of Medical Virology 81:5, 798-806
CrossRef114
Marc G. Ghany, Edward C. Doo. (2009) Antiviral resistance and hepatitis B therapy. Hepatology 49:S5, S174-S184
CrossRef115
Bixue Xu, Zhengming Huang, Changxiao Liu, Zegui Cai, Weidong Pan, Peixue Cao, Xiaojiang Hao, Guangyi Liang. (2009) Synthesis and anti-hepatitis B virus activities of Matijing-Su derivatives. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 17:8, 3118-3125
CrossRef116
Susanne Abbrederis, Wolfgang Vogel. (2009) Hepatitis B. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift Education 4:1, 43-55
CrossRef117
Vito Di Marco, Antonio Craxì. (2009) Chronic hepatitis B: who to treat and which choice of treatment?. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 7:3, 281-291
CrossRef118
Yoon-Seon Lee, Young-Hwa Chung, Jeong A. Kim, Sung Eun Kim, Jung Woo Shin, Kang Mo Kim, Young-Suk Lim, Neung Hwa Park, Han Chu Lee, Yung Sang Lee, Dong Jin Suh. (2009) Hepatitis B virus with the rtL80V/I mutation is associated with a poor response to adefovir dipivoxil therapy. Liver International 29:4, 552-556
CrossRef119
Choong Keun Cha, Hyeok Choon Kwon, Jae Youn Cheong, Sung Won Cho, Sun Pyo Hong, Soo-Ok Kim, Wang Don Yoo. (2009) Association of lamivudine-resistant mutational patterns with the antiviral effect of adefovir in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Medical Virology 81:3, 417-424
CrossRef120
Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Fumitaka Suzuki, Yusuke Kawamura, Hiromi Yatsuji, Hitomi Sezaki, Tetsuya Hosaka, Norio Akuta, Masahiro Kobayashi, Satoshi Saitoh, Yasuji Arase, Kenji Ikeda, Mariko Kobayashi, Yuzo Miyakawa, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2009) Efficacy of entecavir treatment for lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B over 3 years: Histological improvement or entecavir resistance?. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 24:3, 429-435
CrossRef121
Kathy Keck, Esther M Volper, Ryan M Spengler, Dang D Long, Chi Y Chan, Ye Ding, Anton P McCaffrey. (2009) Rational Design Leads to More Potent RNA Interference Against Hepatitis B Virus: Factors Effecting Silencing Efficiency. Molecular Therapy 17:3, 538-547
CrossRef122
Suraiya Enam, Mohammed Kamal, Mobin Khan, Salimur Rahman, Mamun-Al-Mahtab. (2009) Lamivudine causes reduction of histological activity index and viral load in liver biopsies in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. Clinical and Experimental Medical Journal 3:1, 109-117
CrossRef123
Haruhiko Kobashi, Kouichi Takaguchi, Hiroshi Ikeda, Osamu Yokosuka, Mitsuhiko Moriyama, Fumio Imazeki, Masayoshi Kage, Taku Seriu, Masao Omata, Kousaku Sakaguchi, Yasushi Shiratori. (2009) Efficacy and safety of entecavir in nucleoside-naive, chronic hepatitis B patients: Phase II clinical study in Japan. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 24:2, 255-261
CrossRef124
Amethyst C Kurbegov, Ronald J Sokol. (2009) Hepatitis B therapy in children. Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 3:1, 39-49
CrossRef125
Yu Xuan Koo, Daniel S. W. Tan, Iain B. Tan, Miriam Tao, Wan Cheng Chow, Soon Thye Lim. (2009) Hepatitis B virus reactivation and role of antiviral prophylaxis in lymphoma patients with past hepatitis B virus infection who are receiving chemoimmunotherapy. CancerNA-NA
CrossRef126
Fumitaka Suzuki, Hideo Miyakoshi, Mariko Kobayashi, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2009) Correlation between serum hepatitis B virus core-related antigen and intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA in chronic hepatitis B patients. Journal of Medical Virology 81:1, 27-33
CrossRef127
Hyun Wook Jung, Moon Seok Choi, Kap Hyun Kim, Sung Hyun Park, Kwak Keum Yeon, Joon Hyoek Lee, Kwang Cheol Koh, Seung Woon Paik, Byung Chul Yoo. (2009) Virologic response to adefovir dipivoxil monotherapy is not durable in HBeAg-positive, lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients. The Korean Journal of Hepatology 15:1, 52
CrossRef128
Dragan Delic, Zorica Nesic, Milica Prostran, Ivan Boricic, Neda Svirtlih. (2009) Treatment of subacute hepatitis B with lamivudine: A pilot study in Serbia. Vojnosanitetski pregled 66:3, 199-202
CrossRef129
Michael Nassal. (2009) New insights into HBV replication: new opportunities for improved therapies. Future Virology 4:1, 55-70
CrossRef130
Marcellin, Patrick, Heathcote, E. Jenny, Buti, Maria, Gane, Ed, de Man, Robert A., Krastev, Zahary, Germanidis, George, Lee, Sam S., Flisiak, Robert, Kaita, Kelly, Manns, Michael, Kotzev, Iskren, Tchernev, Konstantin, Buggisch, Peter, Weilert, Frank, Kurdas, Oya Ovung, Shiffman, Mitchell L., Trinh, Huy, Washington, Mary Kay, Sorbel, Jeff, Anderson, Jane, Snow-Lampart, Andrea, Mondou, Elsa, Quinn, Joe, Rousseau, Franck, . (2008) Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate versus Adefovir Dipivoxil for Chronic Hepatitis B. New England Journal of Medicine 359:23, 2442-2455
Full Text131
George Zacharakis, John Koskinas, Stamatia Kotsiou, Fevronia Tzara, Nikolaos Vafeiadis, Menelaos Papoutselis, Eustratios Maltezos, Eleftherios Sivridis, Kostantinos Papoutselis. (2008) The role of serial measurement of serum HBV DNA levels in patients with chronic HBeAg(−) hepatitis B infection: Association with liver disease progression. A prospective cohort study. Journal of Hepatology 49:6, 884-891
CrossRef132
Ioannis Goulis, George N Dalekos. (2008) Entecavir monotherapy for lamivudine-refractory chronic hepatitis B. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 6:6, 855-859
CrossRef133
Erik H.C.J. Buster, Solko W. Schalm, Harry L.A. Janssen. (2008) Peginterferon for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in the era of nucleos(t)ide analogues. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 22:6, 1093-1108
CrossRef134
Hie-Won Hann, Vicki L. Gregory, Jonathan S. Dixon, Keith F. Barker. (2008) A review of the one-year incidence of resistance to lamivudine in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology International 2:4, 440-456
CrossRef135
I‐Chin Wu, Mitchell L. Shiffman, Myron J. Tong, Patrick Marcellin, Elsa Mondou, David Frederick, Andrea Snow‐Lampart, Jeff Sorbel, Franck Rousseau, Ting‐Tsung Chang. (2008) Sustained Hepatitis B e Antigen Seroconversion in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B after Adefovir Dipivoxil Treatment: Analysis of Precore and Basal Core Promoter Mutants. Clinical Infectious Diseases 47:10, 1305-1311
CrossRef136
Resat Ozaras, Fehmi Tabak, Veysel Tahan, Recep Ozturk, Hakan Akin, Ali Mert, Hakan Senturk. (2008) Correlation of Quantitative Assay of HBsAg and HBV DNA Levels During Chronic HBV Treatment. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 53:11, 2995-2998
CrossRef137
Reiichiro Kuwahara, Ryukichi Kumashiro, Tatsuya Ide, Yuriko Koga, Teruko Hino, Akiko Hisamochi, Kazuo Tanaka, Kei Ogata, Hiroyuki Koga, Yukari Takao, Michio Sata. (2008) Predictive Factors Associated with the Progression to Hepatic Failure Caused by Lamivudine-Resistant HBV. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 53:11, 2999-3006
CrossRef138
Kazuyoshi Ohkawa, Tetsuo Takehara, Michio Kato, Matsuo Deguchi, Masanori Kagita, Hayato Hikita, Akira Sasakawa, Keisuke Kohga, Akio Uemura, Ryotaro Sakamori, Shinjiro Yamaguchi, Takuya Miyagi, Hisashi Ishida, Tomohide Tatsumi, Norio Hayashi. (2008) Supportive Role Played by Precore and PreS2 Genomic Changes in the Establishment of Lamivudine‐Resistant Hepatitis B Virus. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 198:8, 1150-1158
CrossRef139
Dienstag, Jules L., . (2008) Hepatitis B Virus Infection. New England Journal of Medicine 359:14, 1486-1500
Full Text140
James Fung, Ching-Lung Lai, Man-Fung Yuen. (2008) LB80380: a promising new drug for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 17:10, 1581-1588
CrossRef141
Anna S. F. Lok. (2008) How to diagnose and treat hepatitis B virus antiviral drug resistance in the liver transplant setting. Liver Transplantation 14:S2, S8-S14
CrossRef142
Joyce HS You, Fredric WH Chan. (2008) Pharmacoeconomics of entecavir treatment for chronic hepatitis B. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 9:15, 2673-2681
CrossRef143
Pin-Nan Cheng, Ting-Tsung Chang. (2008) Entecavir: a potent antiviral with minimal long-term resistance in nucleoside-naive chronic hepatitis B patients. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 6:5, 569-579
CrossRef144
Annika Kau, Johannes Vermehren, Christoph Sarrazin. (2008) Treatment predictors of a sustained virologic response in hepatitis B and C. Journal of Hepatology 49:4, 634-651
CrossRef145
William Alazawi, Graham R Foster. (2008) Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 21:5, 508-515
CrossRef146
Fumitaka Suzuki, Joji Toyoda, Yoshiaki Katano, Michio Sata, Mitsuhiko Moriyama, Fumio Imazeki, Masayoshi Kage, Taku Seriu, Masao Omata, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2008) Efficacy and safety of entecavir in lamivudine-refractory patients with chronic hepatitis B: Randomized controlled trial in Japanese patients. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 23:9, 1320-1326
CrossRef147
Yock Young Dan, Myat Oo Aung, Seng Gee Lim. (2008) The economics of treating chronic hepatitis B in Asia. Hepatology International 2:3, 284-295
CrossRef148
Wilhelmus F. Leemans, Hubert G. Niesters, Annemiek A. van der Eijk, Harry L. Janssen, Solko W. Schalm, Robert A. de Man. (2008) Selection of an entecavir-resistant mutant despite prolonged hepatitis B virus DNA suppression, in a chronic hepatitis B patient with preexistent lamivudine resistance: successful rescue therapy with tenofovir. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 20:8, 773-777
CrossRef149
G. Carosi, M. Rizzetto. (2008) Treatment of chronic hepatitis B: Recommendations from an Italian workshop. Digestive and Liver Disease 40:8, 603-617
CrossRef150
Tai-Chung Tseng, Chun-Jen Liu, Chia-Chi Wang, Pei-Jer Chen, Ming-Yang Lai, Jia-Horng Kao, Ding-Shinn Chen. (2008) A higher alanine aminotransferase level correlates with earlier hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in lamivudine-treated chronic hepatitis B patients. Liver International 28:7, 1034-1041
CrossRef151
James Fung, Ching-Lung Lai, Man-Fung Yuen. (2008) New paradigms for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 23:8pt1, 1182-1192
CrossRef152
Manoj Kumar, Shiv K Sarin. (2008) Pharmacology, clinical efficacy and safety of lamivudine in hepatitis B virus infection. Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2:4, 465-495
CrossRef153
B FENG, L WEI, M CHEN, L WANG. (2008) Dynamic changes of hepatitis B virus polymerase gene including YMDD motif in lamivudine-treated patients with chronic hepatitis B. Microbiological Research 163:4, 487-492
CrossRef154
Samreen Ijaz, Catherine Arnold, Samir Dervisevic, Jana Mechurova, Nick Tatman, Richard S. Tedder, Nikolai V. Naoumov. (2008) Dynamics of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus during adefovir monotherapy versus lamivudine plus adefovir combination therapy. Journal of Medical Virology 80:7, 1160-1170
CrossRef155
Morris Sherman, Cihan Yurdaydin, Halis Simsek, Marcelo Silva, Yun‐Fan Liaw, Vinod K. Rustgi, Hoel Sette, Naoky Tsai, Daniel J. Tenney, James Vaughan, Bruce Kreter, Robert Hindes, . (2008) Entecavir therapy for lamivudine‐refractory chronic hepatitis B: Improved virologic, biochemical, and serology outcomes through 96 weeks. Hepatology 48:1, 99-108
CrossRef156
J. Wiegand, J. Mössner, H.L. Tillmann. (2008) Diagnostik und Therapie der chronischen Hepatitis B und C. Der Internist 49:7, 817-832
CrossRef157
Bulent Degertekin, Anna S. Lok. (2008) Monitoring antiviral resistance in patients receiving nucleos(t)ide analog therapies for hepatitis B: Which method should be used?. Journal of Hepatology 48:6, 892-894
CrossRef158
Kwang-Hyub Han, Do Young Kim. (2008) Chronic HBV infection with persistently normal ALT b. not to treat. Hepatology International 2:2, 185-189
CrossRef159
Ramón Planas, Rosa M. Morillas. (2008) Tratamiento de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis B. Estado actual y perspectivas. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 31:6, 349-355
CrossRef160
Zhi-ying Ou, Rong Zhou, Yun-shao He. (2008) YVDD mutation of hepatitis B Virus, a dominant Lamivudine-resistant type in Guangzhou, South China. Virologica Sinica 23:3, 218-225
CrossRef161
Nancy Leung. (2008) Recent data on treatment of chronic hepatitis B with nucleos(t)ide analogues. Hepatology International 2:2, 163-178
CrossRef162
María Buti. (2008) Análogos de nucleósidos y nucleótidos en el tratamiento de la hepatitis crónica por el virus B. Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica 26, 32-38
CrossRef163
Chee-Kin Hui, Nancy Leung, Wai-Hung Shek, Hai-Ying Zhang, John M. Luk, Ronnie T. P. Poon, Chung-Mau Lo, Sheung-Tat Fan, George K. K. Lau. (2008) Changes in Liver Histology as a ???Surrogate??? End Point of Antiviral Therapy for Chronic HBV Can Predict Progression to Liver Complications. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 42:5, 533-538
CrossRef164
Joseph J.Y. Sung, Jak-Yiu Lai, Stefan Zeuzem, Wan Chen Chow, E. Jenny Heathcote, Robert P. Perrillo, Carol L. Brosgart, Mary A. Woessner, Susan A. Scott, D. Fraser Gray, Stephen D. Gardner. (2008) Lamivudine compared with lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil for the treatment of HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Hepatology 48:5, 728-735
CrossRef165
Tomohiro Nishida, Haruhiko Kobashi, Shin-ichi Fujioka, Kozo Fujio, Kouichi Takaguchi, Hiroshi Ikeda, Mitsuhiko Kawaguchi, Masaharu Ando, Yasuyuki Araki, Toshihiro Higashi, Bon Shoji, Akinobu Takaki, Yoshiaki Iwasaki, Kohsaku Sakaguchi, Yasushi Shiratori, Kazuhide Yamamoto. (2008) A prospective and comparative cohort study on efficacy and drug resistance during long-term lamivudine treatment for various stages of chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 23:5, 794-803
CrossRef166
Patrick TF. Kennedy, Natalie Phillips, Jaya Chandrasekhar, Ruth Jacobs, Michael Jacobs, Geoffrey Dusheiko. (2008) Potential and limitations of lamivudine monotherapy in chronic hepatitis B: evidence from genotyping. Liver International 28:5, 699-704
CrossRef167
Nabil Ben Chaabane, Hichem Loghmari, Wissem melki, Olfa Hellara, Leila Safer, Fethia Bdioui, Hammouda Saffar. (2008) Hépatites virales chroniques chez les patients insuffisants rénaux. La Presse Médicale 37:4, 665-678
CrossRef168
Stefan Mauss, Heiner Wedemeyer. (2008) Treatment of chronic hepatitis B and the implications of viral resistance to therapy. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 6:2, 191-199
CrossRef169
José M. Sánchez-Tapias. (2008) Fármacos para el tratamiento de la hepatitis B crónica. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 31:3, 120-128
CrossRef170
Emilio Palumbo. (2008) New Drugs for Chronic Hepatitis B: A Review. American Journal of Therapeutics 15:2, 167-172
CrossRef171
Z. Mesut Yalin Kilic, Sedef Kuran, Meral Akdogan, Bahattin Cicek, Dilek Oguz, Bulent Odemis, Nurgul Sasmaz. (2008) The long-term effects of lamivudine treatment in patients with HBeAg-negative liver cirrhosis. Advances in Therapy 25:3, 190-200
CrossRef172
George V Papatheodoridis, Spilios Manolakopoulos, Geoffrey Dusheiko, Athanasios J Archimandritis. (2008) Therapeutic strategies in the management of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 8:3, 167-178
CrossRef173
Eugene R. Schiff. (2008) Antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma: post-thermal ablation. Better late than never?. Hepatology International 2:1, 1-2
CrossRef174
Teerha Piratvisuth, George Lau, You-Chen Chao, Rui Jin, Anuchit Chutaputti, Q.-B. Zhang, Tawesak Tanwandee, Peter Button, Matei Popescu. (2008) Sustained response to peginterferon alfa-2a (40 kD) with or without lamivudine in Asian patients with HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology International 2:1, 102-110
CrossRef175
Jean–Michel Pawlotsky, Geoffrey Dusheiko, Angelos Hatzakis, Daryl Lau, George Lau, T. Jake Liang, Stephen Locarnini, Paul Martin, Douglas D. Richman, Fabien Zoulim. (2008) Virologic Monitoring of Hepatitis B Virus Therapy in Clinical Trials and Practice: Recommendations for a Standardized Approach. Gastroenterology 134:2, 405-415
CrossRef176
Jinlin Hou, You-Kuan Yin, Daozhen Xu, Deming Tan, Junqi Niu, Xiaqiu Zhou, Yuming Wang, Limin Zhu, Yongwen He, Hong Ren, Mobin Wan, Chengwei Chen, Shanming Wu, Yagang Chen, Jiazhang Xu, Qinhuan Wang, Lai Wei, George Chao, Barbara Fielman Constance, George Harb, Nathaniel A. Brown, Jidong Jia. (2008) Telbivudine versus lamivudine in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B: Results at 1 year of a randomized, double-blind trial. Hepatology 47:2, 447-454
CrossRef177
Bijal Surti, Amanda C. Chi, Sammy Saab. (2008) Update on management of hepatitis B before and after liver transplantation. Current Hepatitis Reports 7:1, 25-32
CrossRef178
Bart Takkenberg, Joep Bruijne, Christine Weegink, Peter Jansen, Hendrik Reesink. (2008) Novel therapies in hepatitis B and C. Current Gastroenterology Reports 10:1, 81-90
CrossRef179
Michael W. Fried, Teerha Piratvisuth, George K. K. Lau, Patrick Marcellin, Wan-Cheng Chow, Graham Cooksley, Kang-Xian Luo, Seung Woon Paik, Yun-Fan Liaw, Peter Button, Matei Popescu. (2008) HBeAg and hepatitis B virus DNA as outcome predictors during therapy with peginterferon alfa-2a for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 47:2, 428-434
CrossRef180
Geoffrey Férir, Suzanne Kaptein, Johan Neyts, Erik De Clercq. (2008) Antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infections: the past, the present and the future. Reviews in Medical Virology 18:1, 19-34
CrossRef181
Myeong-Hee Kim, Choong-Hwan Cha, Dongheui An, Sung-Eun Choi, Heung-Bum Oh. (2008) Performance Evaluation of Abbott RealTime HBV Quantification Kit for HBV Viral Load by Real-Time PCR. The Korean Journal of Laboratory Medicine 28:2, 144
CrossRef182
Joon Sung Kim, Sang Kyu Park, Jin Young Jeong. (2008) Predictors of Response to Lamivudine Treatment in Children with Chronic Hepatitis B. Chonnam Medical Journal 44:1, 37
CrossRef183
Yi-Hao Yen, Sheng-Nan Lu, Chien-Hung Chen, Jing-Houng Wang, Chun-Mei Wu, Chao-Hung Hung, Po-lin Tseng, Tsung-Hui Hu, Chi-Sin Changchien, Chuan-Mo Lee. (2007) Changes in serum hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) levels associated with the emergence of YMDD mutants in HBeAg non-seroconverted patients during lamivudine therapy. Liver International 27:10, 1349-1355
CrossRef184
W. F. LEEMANS, M. J. TER BORG, R. A. DE MAN. (2007) Review article: success and failure of nucleoside and nucleotide analogues in chronic hepatitis B. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 26, 171-182
CrossRef185
Tung T. Nguyen, Vicky Taylor, Moon S. Chen, Roshan Bastani, Annette E. Maxwell, Stephen J. Mcphee. (2007) Hepatitis B awareness, knowledge, and screening among Asian Americans. Journal of Cancer Education 22:4, 266-272
CrossRef186
Tarik Asselah, Olivier Lada, Rami Moucari, Michèle Martinot, Nathalie Boyer, Patrick Marcellin. (2007) Interferon Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis B. Clinics in Liver Disease 11:4, 839-849
CrossRef187
Robert G. Gish, Stephen Locarnini. (2007) Genotyping and Genomic Sequencing in Clinical Practice. Clinics in Liver Disease 11:4, 761-795
CrossRef188
J.J. Feld, D. Colledge, V. Sozzi, R. Edwards, M. Littlejohn, S.A. Locarnini. (2007) The phenylpropenamide derivative AT-130 blocks HBV replication at the level of viral RNA packaging. Antiviral Research 76:2, 168-177
CrossRef189
X. P. Pan, L. J. Li, W. B. Du, M. W. Li, H. C. Cao, J. F. Sheng. (2007) Differences of YMDD mutational patterns, precore/core promoter mutations, serum HBV DNA levels in lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B genotypes B and C. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 14:11, 767-774
CrossRef190
S. G. LIM, P. MARCELLIN, N. TASSOPOULOS, S. HADZIYANNIS, T. T. CHANG, M. TONG, W. SIEVERT, P. HU, S. ARTERBURN, C. L. BROSGART, . (2007) Clinical trial: effects of adefovir dipivoxil therapy in Asian and Caucasian patients with chronic hepatitis B. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 26:10, 1419-1428
CrossRef191
Albert D. Min, Jules L. Dienstag. (2007) Oral Antivirals for Chronic Hepatitis B. Clinics in Liver Disease 11:4, 851-868
CrossRef192
Ilan S. Weisberg, Robert S. Brown, Samuel H. Sigal. (2007) Hepatitis B and End-Stage Liver Disease. Clinics in Liver Disease 11:4, 893-916
CrossRef193
Hyung Joon Ahn, Myoung Soo Kim, Yu Seun Kim, Soon Il Kim, Kyu Ha Huh, Man Ki Ju, Sang Hoon Ahn, Kwang-Hyub Han. (2007) Clinical outcome of renal transplantation in patients with positive pre-transplant hepatitis B surface antigen. Journal of Medical Virology 79:11, 1655-1663
CrossRef194
Teresa Auguet, Patricia Barragan, Rafael Ramírez, Joan Carles Quer, Joan Josep Sirvent, Cristóbal Richart. (2007) Lamivudine in the Treatment of Hepatitis B Virus-Related Polyarteritis Nodosa. JCR: Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 13:5, 298-299
CrossRef195
Zachary D. Goodman. (2007) Grading and staging systems for inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver diseases. Journal of Hepatology 47:4, 598-607
CrossRef196
Tetsuya Ishikawa, Shinichi Kakumu. (2007) Use of hepatitis B vaccine for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology Research 37:s3, S347-S350
CrossRef197
Mariko Kobayashi, Fumitaka Suzuki, Norio Akuta, Tetsuya Hosaka, Hitomi Sezaki, Hiromi Yatsuji, Hiromi Yatsuji, Masahiro Kobayashi, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Yasuji Arase, Kenji Ikeda, Sachiyo Watahiki, Satomi Iwasaki, Yuzo Miyakawa, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2007) Loss of hepatitis B surface antigen from the serum of patients with chronic hepatitis treated with lamivudine. Journal of Medical Virology 79:10, 1472-1477
CrossRef198
M. J. ter Borg, W. F. Leemans, R. A. de Man, H. L. A. Janssen. (2007) Exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B infection after delivery. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 0:0, 070924202706002-???
CrossRef199
W. F. Leemans, H. L. A. Janssen, H. G. M. Niesters, R. A. de Man. (2007) Switching patients with lamivudine resistant chronic hepatitis B virus from tenofovir to adefovir results in less potent HBV-DNA suppression. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 0:0, 070918213951001-???
CrossRef200
Yasuji Arase, Kenji Ikeda, Fumitaka Suzuki, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Masahiro Kobayashi, Norio Akuta, Tetsuya Hosaka, Hitomi Sezaki, Hiromi Yatsuji, Yusuke Kawamura, Mariko Kobayashi, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2007) Comparison of interferon and lamivudine treatment in Japanese patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Medical Virology 79:9, 1286-1292
CrossRef201
K. Fukai, K.Y. Zhang, F. Imazeki, T. Kurihara, R. Mikata, O. Yokosuka. (2007) Association between lamivudine sensitivity and the number of substitutions in the reverse transcriptase region of the hepatitis B virus polymerase. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 14:9, 661-666
CrossRef202
Stuart Roberts, Adam Gordon, Catriona McLean, John Pedersen, Scott Bowden, Kenneth Thomson, Peter Angus. (2007) Effect of Sustained Viral Response on Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient in Hepatitis C–Related Cirrhosis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 5:8, 932-937
CrossRef203
Margarita Pardo, Javier Bartolomé, Vicente Carreño. (2007) Current Therapy of Chronic Hepatitis B. Archives of Medical Research 38:6, 661-677
CrossRef204
Ji H Kim, Sang K Yu, Yeon S Seo, Hyung J Yim, Jong E Yeon, Jong J Park, Jae S Kim, Young T Bak, Chang H Lee, Kwan S Byun. (2007) Clinical outcomes of chronic hepatitis B patients with persistently detectable serum hepatitis B virus DNA during lamivudine therapy. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 22:8, 1220-1225
CrossRef205
Chee-Kin Hui, Hai-Ying Zhang, Nikki P. Lee, Weng Chan, Yui-Hung Yueng, Kar-Wai Leung, Lei Lu, Nancy Leung, Chung-Mau Lo, Sheung-Tat Fan, John M. Luk, Aimin Xu, Karen S. Lam, Yok-Lam Kwong, George K.K. Lau. (2007) Serum adiponectin is increased in advancing liver fibrosis and declines with reduction in fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Hepatology 47:2, 191-202
CrossRef206
A. D. ENRIQUEZ, M. S. CAMPBELL, K. R. REDDY. (2007) Cost-effectiveness of suppressing hepatitis B virus DNA in immune tolerant patients to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 26:3, 383-391
CrossRef207
Solange Heller, Pedro Valencia-Mayoral. (2007) Treatment of Viral Hepatitis in Children. Archives of Medical Research 38:6, 702-710
CrossRef208
René Gérolami, Patrick Borentain, Philippe Colson, Emmanuelle Norguet, André Gérolami, Catherine Tamalet. (2007) Efficacy of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in treating lamivudine-resistant HBV reactivation following hepatitis B surface antigen seroconversion. Liver International 0:0, 070704023438001-???
CrossRef209
Hiroyuki Koga, Tatsuya Ide, Kazuhiko Oho, Reiichiro Kuwahara, Teruko Hino, Kei Ogata, Akiko Hisamochi, Kazuo Tanaka, Ryukichi Kumashiro, Atsushi Toyonaga, Michio Sata. (2007) Lamivudine treatment-related morphological changes of esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis. Hepatology Research 37:7, 503-509
CrossRef210
Alexander J V Thompson, Anna Ayres, Lilly Yuen, Angeline Bartholomeusz, D Scott Bowden, David M Iser, Robert Y M Chen, Barbara Demediuk, Gideon Shaw, Sally J Bell, Katrina J R Watson, Stephen A Locarnini, Paul V Desmond. (2007) Lamivudine resistance in patients with chronic hepatitis B: Role of clinical and virological factors. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 22:7, 1078-1085
CrossRef211
Norio Horiike, Tran Nhu Duong, Kojiro Michitaka, Kouji Joko, Yoichi Hiasa, Ichiro Konishi, Makoto Yano, Morikazu Onji. (2007) Characteristics of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains with and without breakthrough hepatitis in patients with chronic hepatitis B evaluated by serial HBV full-genome sequences. Journal of Medical Virology 79:7, 911-918
CrossRef212
Robert G. Gish. (2007) Improving outcomes for patients with chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology Research 37:s1, S67-S78
CrossRef213
Anna S. Lok, Fabien Zoulim, Stephen Locarnini, Angeline Bartholomeusz, Marc G. Ghany, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, Yun-Fan Liaw, Masashi Mizokami, Carla Kuiken, . (2007) Antiviral drug-resistant HBV: Standardization of nomenclature and assays and recommendations for management. Hepatology 46:1, 254-265
CrossRef214
Tetsuya Ishikawa, Shinichi Kakumu. (2007) Combination therapy with lamivudine and HB vaccine on chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology Research 37:s1, S62-S66
CrossRef215
Jeong Won Jang, Min Soo Kim, So Yeon Lee, Chang Wook Kim, Si Hyun Bae, Jong Young Choi, Sang Bok Cha, Seung Kew Yoon. (2007) Pre- and post-treatment predictors of the early achievement of HBeAg loss in lamivudine-resistant patients receiving adefovir therapy. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 22:7, 1092-1097
CrossRef216
Patrick Marcellin, Olivier Lada, Tarik Asselah. (2007) Treatment of chronic hepatitis B with the combination of pegylated interferon with lamivudine. Hepatology Research 37:s1, S55-S61
CrossRef217
Fumitaka Suzuki, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2007) Interferon and lamivudine monotherapy on chronic hepatitis B in Japan. Hepatology Research 37:s1, S42-S46
CrossRef218
Fumitaka Suzuki, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Norio Akuta, Hiromi Yatsuji, Hitomi Sezaki, Yasuji Arase, Yusuke Kawamura, Tetsuya Hosaka, Masahiro Kobayashi, Kenji Ikeda, Mariko Kobayashi, Sachiyo Watahiki, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2007) Changes in viral loads of lamivudine-resistant mutants during entecavir therapy. Hepatology Research 0:0, 070620025546001-???
CrossRef219
Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi, Kazuhiko Koike. (2007) Drug resistance in antiviral treatment for infections with hepatitis B and C viruses. Journal of Gastroenterology 42:5, 329-335
CrossRef220
Ellen T. Chang, Theresa H. M. Keegan, Scarlett L. Gomez, Gem M. Le, Christina A. Clarke, Samuel K. S. So, Sally L. Glaser. (2007) The burden of liver cancer in Asians and Pacific Islanders in the Greater San Francisco Bay Area, 1990 through 2004. Cancer 109:10, 2100-2108
CrossRef221
Andrés Ruiz-Sancho, Julie Sheldon, Vincent Soriano. (2007) Telbivudine: a new option for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 7:5, 751-761
CrossRef222
Tsuyoshi Hatakeyama, Chiemi Noguchi, Nobuhiko Hiraga, Nami Mori, Masataka Tsuge, Michio Imamura, Shoichi Takahashi, Yoshiiku Kawakami, Yoshifumi Fujimoto, Hidenori Ochi, Hiromi Abe, Toshiro Maekawa, Hiroiku Kawakami, Hiromi Yatsuji, Yasuyuki Aisaka, Hiroshi Kohno, Shiomi Aimitsu, Kazuaki Chayama. (2007) Serum HBV RNA is a predictor of early emergence of the YMDD mutant in patients treated with lamivudine. Hepatology 45:5, 1179-1186
CrossRef223
Fabien Zoulim. (2007) Emerging drugs for hepatitis B. Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs 12:2, 199-217
CrossRef224
Jay H. Hoofnagle, Edward Doo, T. Jake Liang, Russell Fleischer, Anna S.F. Lok. (2007) Management of hepatitis B: Summary of a clinical research workshop. Hepatology 45:4, 1056-1075
CrossRef225
Anna Suk–Fong Lok. (2007) Navigating the Maze of Hepatitis B Treatments. Gastroenterology 132:4, 1586-1594
CrossRef226
Reiichiro Kuwahara, Hiroki Saitsu, Mitsuhiko Abe, Akio Takata, Kazuo Tanaka, Teruko Hino, Tatsuya Ide, Ryoko Kuromatsu, Ken Tanikawa, Masayoshi Kage, Ryukichi Kumashiro, Michio Sata. (2007) Successful Treatment With Corticosteroid and Lamivudine for Autoimmune Hepatitis in a Patient With Asymptomatic HBV Infection. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 52:4, 908-913
CrossRef227
M. K. Jain, L. Comanor, C. White, P. Kipnis, C. Elkin, K. Leung, A. Ocampo, N. Attar, P. Keiser, W. M. Lee. (2007) Treatment of hepatitis B with lamivudine and tenofovir in HIV/HBV-coinfected patients: factors associated with response. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 14:3, 176-182
CrossRef228
Robert G. Gish. (2007) Improving outcomes for patients with chronic hepatitis B. Current Gastroenterology Reports 9:1, 14-22
CrossRef229
Anna S. F. Lok, Brian J. McMahon. (2007) Chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 45:2, 507-539
CrossRef230
Aygen Yilmaz, Mustafa Akcam, Tekinalp Gelen, Reha Artan. (2007) Lamivudine and high-dose interferon alpha 2a combination treatment in naïve HBeAg-positive immunoactive chronic hepatitis B in children: an East Mediterranean center’s experience. European Journal of Pediatrics 166:3, 195-199
CrossRef231
Khalid Mumtaz, Saeed Hamid, Wasim Jafri, Khalid Mumtaz. 2007. Pegylated interferon for chronic hepatitis B. .
CrossRef232
Hong Koh, Seoung Yon Baek, Ki Sup Chung. (2007) Lamivudine Therapy for Korean Children with Chronic Hepatitis B. Yonsei Medical Journal 48:6, 927
CrossRef233
E. J. Bourne, J. L. Dienstag, V. A. Lopez, T. J. Sander, J. M. Longlet, J. G. Hall, R. W. Kwiatkowski, T. Wright, C. L. Lai, L. D. Condreay. (2007) Quantitative analysis of HBV cccDNA from clinical specimens: correlation with clinical and virological response during antiviral therapy. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 14:1, 55-63
CrossRef234
Shiv Kumar Sarin, Ajit Sood, Manoj Kumar, Anil Arora, Deepak Amrapurkar, Barjesh Chander Sharma, Ashokananda Konar, Yogesh Kumar Chawla, Rajendra Kumar Jain, Vijay Nanda, Arun Kumar, Syed Hissar, Piramal Lavate, Deepak Lahoti, . (2007) Effect of Lowering HBV DNA Levels by Initial Antiviral Therapy Before Adding Immunomodulator on Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 102:1, 96-104
CrossRef235
Kwan Sik Lee, Dong Joon Kim, . (2007) Management of Chronic Hepatitis B. The Korean Journal of Hepatology 13:4, 447
CrossRef236
In Hee Kim, Seong Hun Kim, Hyun Chul Kim, Kyoung Deok Shin, Sang Wook Kim, Seung Ok Lee, Soo Teik Lee, Dae Ghon Kim. (2007) Effect of Initial Virologic Response to Adefovir on the Development of Resistance to Adefovir in Lamivudine-resistant Chronic Hepatitis B. The Korean Journal of Hepatology 13:3, 349
CrossRef237
Heon Ju Lee, Ryul Eun, Byung Ik Jang, Tae Nyeun Kim. (2007) Prevention by Lamivudine of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients Infected with Hepatitis B Virus. Gut and Liver 1:2, 151
CrossRef238
Byung-Ho Choe, Ji Hye Lee, You Cheol Jang, Chang Hwan Jang, Ki Won Oh, Soonhak Kwon, Myung Chul Hyun, Cheol Woo Ko, Kun Soo Lee, Won Kee Lee. (2007) Long-term Therapeutic Efficacy of Lamivudine Compared With Interferon-α in Children with Chronic Hepatitis B: The Younger the Better. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 44:1, 92-98
CrossRef239
Min Kyoung Kim, Jin Hee Ahn, Sung-Bae Kim, Young-Suk Im, Soon Im Lee, Sei-Hyun Ahn, Byung Ho Son, Gyungyub Gong, Hak-Hee Kim, Woo Kun Kim. (2007) Hepatitis B Reactivation During Adjuvant Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Single Institution's Experience. The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 22:4, 237
CrossRef240
Byung-Ho Choe. (2007) The management and treatment of chronic hepatitis B in Korean children. Korean Journal of Pediatrics 50:9, 823
CrossRef241
Jules L Dienstag, Lee-Jen Wei, Dong Xu, Bruce Kreter. (2007) Cross-Study Analysis of the Relative Efficacies of Oral Antiviral Therapies for Chronic Hepatitis B Infection in Nucleoside-Naive Patients. Clinical Drug Investigation 27:1, 35-49
CrossRef242
David L Veenstra, Sean D Sullivan, Lauren Clarke, Uche H Iloeje, Eskinder Tafesse, Adrian Di Bisceglie, Kris V Kowdley, Robert G Gish. (2007) Cost Effectiveness of Entecavir versus Lamivudine with Adefovir Salvage in HBeAg-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B. PharmacoEconomics 25:11, 963-977
CrossRef243
Kwan Sik Lee, Kwan Soo Byun, Young-Hwa Chung, Seung Woon Paik, Joon-Yeol Han, Kwon Yoo, Hee-Won Yoo, Byung Chul Yoo, Hyo-Suk Lee. (2007) Clevudine Therapy for 24 Weeks Further Reduced Serum Hepatitis B Virus DNA Levels and Increased ALT Normalization Rates without Emergence of Viral Breakthrough than 12 Weeks of Clevudine Therapy. Intervirology 50:4, 296-302
CrossRef244
Futoshi Nagasaki, Hirofumi Niitsuma, Yoshiyuki Ueno, Jun Inoue, Takayuki Kogure, Koji Fukushima, Tooru Shimosegawa. (2007) The High Incidence of the Emergence of Entecavir-Resistant Mutants among Patients Infected with Lamivudine-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus. The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 213:2, 181-186
CrossRef245
Jae Kwon Jung, Chang Hyeong Lee, Eun Young Kim, Jin Tae Jung, Joon Hyuck Choi, Ji Min Han, Myoung In Jin, Ju Yeon Cho, Byung Seok Kim, Im Hee Shin. (2007) Change of HBV DNA Level as a Predictor of HBeAg Loss after Lamivudine Treatment. The Korean Journal of Hepatology 13:4, 513
CrossRef246
M. Trapero Marugán, R. Moreno Otero. (2006) Aspectos actuales y perspectivas de futuro del tratamiento de las hepatitis virales. Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado 9:69, 4443-4449
CrossRef247
F. Blaine Hollinger, Daryl T.-Y. Lau. (2006) Hepatitis B: The Pathway to Recovery Through Treatment. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 35:4, 895-931
CrossRef248
Akihito Tsubota. (2006) How do naturally occurring YMDD-motif mutants influence the clinical course of lamivudine-na
ve patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection?. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 21:12, 1769-1771
CrossRef249
Daniel Yerly, Loriana Di Giammarino, Florian Bihl, Andreas Cerny. (2006) Targets of emerging therapies for viral hepatitis B and C. Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets 10:6, 833-850
CrossRef250
Keri A Sims, Abigail M Woodland. (2006) Entecavir: A New Nucleoside Analog for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B Infection. Pharmacotherapy 26:12, 1745-1757
CrossRef251
Joanna K. Law, Jaber Al Ali, P. Richard Harrigan, Christopher H. Sherlock, Kerry J. Savage, Eric M. Yoshida. (2006) Fatal postlymphoma chemotherapy hepatitis B reactivation secondary to the emergence of a YMDD mutant strain with lamivudine resistance in a noncirrhotic patient. American Journal of Hematology 81:12, 969-972
CrossRef252
Eduardo Vilar Gómez, Bienvenido Grá Oramas, Enrique Arús Soler, Caridad Ruenes Domech, Yudith Dávila González. (2006) Terapia de combinación secuencial con prednisona, lamivudina e interferón alfa-2b en pacientes con hepatitis crónica B y antígeno e positivo. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 29:9, 534-541
CrossRef253
Seyed Younes Hosseini, Farzaneh Sabahi, Samad Amini-Bavil-Olyaee, Seyed-Moayed Alavian, Shahin Merat. (2006) A novel accurate ACRS-PCR method with a digestion internal control for identification of wild type and YMDD mutants of hepatitis B virus strains. Journal of Virological Methods 137:2, 298-303
CrossRef254
M. Umeda, H. Marusawa, M. Ueda, Y. Takada, H. Egawa, S. Uemoto, T. Chiba. (2006) Beneficial Effects of Short-Term Lamivudine Treatment for de novo Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation After Liver Transplantation. American Journal of Transplantation 6:11, 2680-2685
CrossRef255
Corina Hartman, Drora Berkowitz, Orly Eshach-Adiv, Bian Hino, Nurit Rimon, Iehudith Satinger, Tzipi Kra-Oz, Raanan Shamir. (2006) Long-term Lamivudine Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis B Infection in Children Unresponsive to Interferon. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 43:4, 494-498
CrossRef256
Mariko Kobayashi, Fumitaka Suzuki, Norio Akuta, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Yasuji Arase, Kenji Ikeda, Tetsuya Hosaka, Hitomi Sezaki, Masahiro Kobayashi, Satomi Iwasaki, Junko Sato, Sachiyo Watahiki, Yuzo Miyakawa, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2006) Response to long-term lamivudine treatment in patients infected with hepatitis B virus genotypes A, B, and C. Journal of Medical Virology 78:10, 1276-1283
CrossRef257
G CLEMENTERICOTE. (2006) Lamivudina. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 29, 32-35
CrossRef258
Martijn J. ter Borg, Monika van Zonneveld, Stefan Zeuzem, Hakan Senturk, Ulus S. Akarca, Christopher Simon, Bettina E. Hansen, Bart L. Haagmans, Robert A. de Man, Solko W. Schalm, Harry L.A. Janssen, . (2006) Patterns of viral decline during PEG-interferon alpha-2b therapy in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B: Relation to treatment response. Hepatology 44:3, 721-727
CrossRef259
Chantal Haché, Jean-Pierre Villeneuve. (2006) Lamivudine treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 7:13, 1835-1843
CrossRef260
Fabien Zoulim. (2006) Antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B. Antiviral Research 71:2-3, 206-215
CrossRef261
Raymond F. Schinazi, Brenda I. Hernandez-Santiago, Selwyn J. Hurwitz. (2006) Pharmacology of current and promising nucleosides for the treatment of human immunodeficiency viruses. Antiviral Research 71:2-3, 322-334
CrossRef262
Ian R Schreibman, Eugene R Schiff. (2006) Entecavir: a new treatment for chronic hepatitis B infection. Future Virology 1:5, 541-552
CrossRef263
Vincent Thibault. (2006) Where does adefovir stand amongst newly developed antivirals: from pharmacology to virology. Future Virology 1:5, 553-565
CrossRef264
Brent E Korba, Phillip A Furman, Michael J Otto. (2006) Clevudine: a potent inhibitor of hepatitis B virus in vitro and in vivo. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 4:4, 549-561
CrossRef265
G. BALTAYIANNIS, K. KATSANOS, P. KARAYIANNIS, E. V. TSIANOS. (2006) Interferon-α therapy in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B: a long-term prospective study from north-western Greece. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 24:3, 525-533
CrossRef266
Fumitaka Suzuki, Hiromitsu Kumada, Hirotoshi Nakamura. (2006) Changes in viral loads of lamivudine-resistant mutants and evolution of HBV sequences during adefovir dipivoxil therapy. Journal of Medical Virology 78:8, 1025-1034
CrossRef267
S-H Yang, C-G Lee, S-H Park, S-J Im, Y-M Kim, J-M Son, J-S Wang, S-K Yoon, M-K Song, A Ambrozaitis, N Kharchenko, Y-D Yun, C-M Kim, C-Y Kim, S-H Lee, B-M Kim, W-B Kim, Y-C Sung. (2006) Correlation of antiviral T-cell responses with suppression of viral rebound in chronic hepatitis B carriers: a proof-of-concept study. Gene Therapy 13:14, 1110-1117
CrossRef268
MinDe Zeng, YiMin Mao, GuangBi Yao, Hao Wang, JinLin Hou, YaoZong Wang, Beulah N. Ji, Chai-Ni P. Chang, Keith F. Barker. (2006) A double-blind randomized trial of adefovir dipivoxil in Chinese subjects with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 44:1, 108-116
CrossRef269
AKIHITO TSUBOTA, YASUJI ARASE, YOSHIYUKI SUZUKI, FUMITAKA SUZUKI, HITOMI SEZAKI, TETSUYA HOSAKA, NORIO AKUTA, TAKASHI SOMEYA, MASAHIRO KOBAYASHI, SATOSHI SAITOH, KENJI IKEDA, HIROMITSU KUMADA. (2006) Lamivudine monotherapy for spontaneous severe acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 0:0, 060606032707119
CrossRef270
J. Gotto, G. J. M. Webster, D. Brown, J. Jenkins, G. M. Dusheiko, A. Bertoletti. (2006) The impact of HBV-DNA fluctuations on virus-specific CD8+ T cells in HBeAg+ chronic hepatitis B patients treated with a steroid and lamivudine. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 13:6, 415-425
CrossRef271
Yoon-Seon Lee, Dong Jin Suh, Young-Suk Lim, Suk Won Jung, Kang Mo Kim, Han Chu Lee, Young-Hwa Chung, Yung Sang Lee, Wangdon Yoo, Soo-Ok Kim. (2006) Increased risk of adefovir resistance in patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B after 48 weeks of adefovir dipivoxil monotherapy. Hepatology 43:6, 1385-1391
CrossRef272
F. Blaine Hollinger, Daryl T.-Y. Lau. (2006) Hepatitis B: The Pathway to Recovery Through Treatment. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 35:2, 425-461
CrossRef273
Takayoshi Torii, Tomoyuki Onishi, Kunisuke Izawa, Tokumi Maruyama, Yosuke Demizu, Johan Neyts, Erik De Clercq. (2006) Synthesis of 6-Arylthio Analogs of 2′,3′-Dideoxy-3′-Fluoroguanosine and Their Effect against Hepatitis B Virus Replication. Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids 25:4-6, 655-665
CrossRef274
James Fung, Ching-Lung Lai, Man-Fung Yuen. (2006) Overcoming the problem of chronic hepatitis B. Drug Discovery Today: Therapeutic Strategies 3:2, 197-202
CrossRef275
C.-J. Liu, J.-H. Kao, P.-J. Chen, T.-C. Chen, F.-Y. Lin, M.-Y. Lai, D.-S. Chen. (2006) Overlap lamivudine treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B receiving adefovir for lamivudine-resistant viral mutants. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 13:6, 387-395
CrossRef276
Mohamed Tarek M. Shata, Wolfram Pfahler, Betsy Brotman, Dong-Hun Lee, Nancy Tricoche, Krishna Murthy, Alfred M. Prince. (2006) Attempted therapeutic immunization in a chimpanzee chronic HBV carrier with a high viral load. Journal of Medical Primatology 35:3, 165-171
CrossRef277
Monika van Zonneveld, Pieter E Zondervan, Yilmaz Cakaloglu, Christopher Simon, Ulus S Akarca, Thomas MK So, Hajo J Flink, Robert A de Man, Solko W Schalm, Harry LA Janssen, . (2006) Peg-interferon improves liver histology in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B: no additional benefit of combination with lamivudine. Liver International 26:4, 399-405
CrossRef278
Reiichi Murakami, Noritoshi Amada, Takaomi Sato, Takashi Orii, Hiroyuki Kikuchi, Izumi Haga, Yoichi Ohashi, Hajime Okazaki. (2006) Reactivation of hepatitis and lamivudine therapy in 11 HBsAg-positive renal allograft recipients: a single centre experience. Clinical Transplantation 20:3, 351-358
CrossRef279
Robert Perrillo. (2006) Management of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: Current perspectives for the nurse practitioner. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners 18:5, 203-215
CrossRef280
Fabien Zoulim, Julie Lucifora. (2006) Hepatitis B virus drug resistance: mechanism and clinical implications for the prevention of treatment failure. Future Virology 1:3, 361-376
CrossRef281
Maryline Mancini - Bourgine, Héléne Fontaine, Christian Bréchot, Stanislas Pol, Marie-Louise Michel. (2006) Immunogenicity of a hepatitis B DNA vaccine administered to chronic HBV carriers. Vaccine 24:21, 4482-4489
CrossRef282
C.-K. HUI, L. S. W. LAI, P. LAM, H.-Y. ZHANG, T.-T. FUNG, S.-T. LAI, W.-M. WONG, C.-M. LO, S.-T. FAN, N. LEUNG, G. K. K. LAU, . (2006) 48 weeks pegylated interferon alpha-2a is superior to 24 weeks of pegylated interferon alpha-2b in achieving hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B infection. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 23:8, 1171-1178
CrossRef283
F. Zoulim, T. Poynard, F. Degos, A. Slama, A. El Hasnaoui, P. Blin, F. Mercier, P. Deny, P. Landais, P. Parvaz, C. Trepo, . (2006) A prospective study of the evolution of lamivudine resistance mutations in patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with lamivudine. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 13:4, 278-288
CrossRef284
Y.-F. Liaw, C.-M. Lee, R.-N. Chien, C.-T. Yeh. (2006) Switching to adefovir monotherapy after emergence of lamivudine-resistant mutations in patients with liver cirrhosis. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 13:4, 250-255
CrossRef285
Takeshi Okanoue, Masahito Minami. (2006) Update of research and management of hepatitis B. Journal of Gastroenterology 41:2, 107-118
CrossRef286
Hoofnagle, Jay H., . (2006) Hepatitis B — Preventable and Now Treatable. New England Journal of Medicine 354:10, 1074-1076
Full Text287
Chang, Ting-Tsung, Gish, Robert G., de Man, Robert, Gadano, Adrian, Sollano, José, Chao, You-Chen, Lok, Anna S., Han, Kwang-Hyub, Goodman, Zachary, Zhu, Jin, Cross, Anne, DeHertogh, Deborah, Wilber, Richard, Colonno, Richard, Apelian, David, . (2006) A Comparison of Entecavir and Lamivudine for HBeAg-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B. New England Journal of Medicine 354:10, 1001-1010
Full Text288
Fumitaka Suzuki, Norio Akuta, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Hitomi Sezaki, Yasuji Arase, Tetsuya Hosaka, Takashi Someya, Masahiro Kobayashi, Satoshi Saitoh, Kenji Ikeda, Mariko Kobayashi, Marie Matsuda, Junko Satoh, Sachiyo Watahiki, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2006) Clinical and virological features of non-breakthrough and severe exacerbation due to lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus mutants. Journal of Medical Virology 78:3, 341-352
CrossRef289
Ji-Ming Zhang, Xin-Yu Wang, Yu-Xian Huang, You-Kuan Yin, Shihe Guan, Yang Xu, Michael Roggendorf, Mengji Lu. (2006) Fatal liver failure with the emergence of hepatitis B surface antigen variants with multiple stop mutations after discontinuation of lamivudine therapy. Journal of Medical Virology 78:3, 324-328
CrossRef290
S. MANOLAKOPOULOS, S. BETHANIS, J. ELEFSINIOTIS, S. KARATAPANIS, C. TRIANTOS, G. SOURVINOS, G. TOULOUMI, M. ECONOMOU, J. VLACHOGIANNAKOS, D. SPANDIDOS, A. AVGERINOS, D. TZOURMAKLIOTIS. (2006) Lamivudine monotherapy in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B: prediction of response-breakthrough and long-term clinical outcome. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 23:6, 787-795
CrossRef291
Etienne M. Sokal, Deirdre A. Kelly, Jacek Mizerski, Isabel B. Badia, Jorge A. Areias, Kathleen B. Schwarz, Angela Vegnente, Nancy R. Little, Stephen D. Gardener, Maureen M. Jonas. (2006) Long-term lamivudine therapy for children with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 43:2, 225-232
CrossRef292
Hajo J. Flink, Monika van Zonneveld, Bettina E. Hansen, Robert A. de Man, Solko W. Schalm, Harry L.A. Janssen, . (2006) Treatment with Peg-Interferon alpha-2b for HBeAg-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B: HBsAg Loss Is Associated with HBV Genotype. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 101:2, 297-303
CrossRef293
Jeong Won Jang, Jong Young Choi, Si Hyun Bae, Seung Kew Yoon, U Im Chang, Chang Wook Kim, Se Hyun Cho, Jun Yeol Han, Young Sok Lee. (2006) A randomized controlled study of preemptive lamivudine in patients receiving transarterial chemo-lipiodolization. Hepatology 43:2, 233-240
CrossRef294
Mark E. Mailliard, John L. Gollan. (2006) Emerging Therapeutics for Chronic Hepatitis B. Annual Review of Medicine 57:1, 155-166
CrossRef295
Francis Y. Yao. (2006) Newer antiviral agents and therapeutic approaches for chronic hepatitis b. Current Hepatitis Reports 5:1, 14-22
CrossRef296
Ira M. Jacobson. (2006) Therapeutic Options for Chronic Hepatitis B: Considerations and Controversies. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 101:S1, S13-S18
CrossRef297
Futoshi Nagasaki, Yoshiyuki Ueno, Takeshi Yamamoto, Yu Nakagomi, Osamu Kido, Eiji Kakazu, Yasunori Matsuda, Takayuki Kogure, Yoko Yamagiwa, Kumiko Kikuchi, Koji Fukushima, Noriatsu Kanno, Hirofumi Niitsuma, Tooru Shimosegawa. (2006) Sustained Clinical Improvement of a Patient with Decompensated Hepatitis B Virus-Related Cirrhosis after Treatment with Lamivudine Monotherapy. The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 210:1, 29-36
CrossRef298
Necati Çakir, Ömer Nuri Pamuk, Hasan Ümit, Kenan Midilli. (2006) Successful Treatment with Adefovir of One Patient Whose Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis Relapsed under Lamivudine Therapy and Who was Diagnosed to Have HBV Virologic Breakthrough with YMDD Mutations. Internal Medicine 45:21, 1213-1215
CrossRef299
Kojiro Mori, Masahito Minami, Toshihiko Kirishima, Koji Kunimoto, Mika Okita, Mika Nakayama, Akiko Makiyama, Junko Yamaoka, Tomoki Nakajima, Kohichiroh Yasui, Yoshito Itoh, Takeshi Okanoue. (2006) Prediction of Breakthrough Hepatitis due to Lamivudine-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus by a Sensitive Semiquantitative Assay Using Peptide Nucleic Acids. Intervirology 49:5, 274-280
CrossRef300
Hidetaka Shibata, Tatsuki Ichikawa, Kazuhiko Nakao, Yasuhide Motoyoshi, Hiroshi Kawashimo, Mariko Fukuta, Takashi Goto, Naota Taura, Daisuke Nishimura, Keisuke Hamasaki, Kazuaki Okubo, Katsumi Eguchi. (2006) A fatal case of severe acute exacerbation due to hepatitis B virus with YMDD motif mutation. Kanzo 47:7, 329-333
CrossRef301
J-J. CHEN, C-Y. LIN, M-J. SHEU, H-T. KUO, C-S. SUN, L-Y. TANG, S-L. WANG, S-L. TSAI. (2006) Poor response to 18-month lamivudine monotherapy in chronic hepatitis B patients with IgM anti-HBc and acute exacerbation. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 23:1, 85-90
CrossRef302
Keith Nemergut, Edward C. Littlewood. 2006. Liver Diseases. , 151-201.
CrossRef303
Steven-Huy B Han. (2006) Natural Course, Therapeutic Options and Economic Evaluation of Therapies for Chronic Hepatitis B. Drugs 66:14, 1831-1851
CrossRef304
Jasmina Simonovic-Babic, Dragan Delic, Neda Svirtlih, Sladjana Pavic, Natasa Popovic, Jasmina Poluga. (2006) The role of lamivudine in the treatment of HBe antigen negative liver cirrhosis. Medicinski pregled 59:7-8, 317-321
CrossRef305
KWAN SOO BYUN, OH SANG KWON, JU HYUN KIM, HYUNG JOON YIM, YUN JUNG CHANG, JIN YONG KIM, JONG EUN YEON, JONG JAE PARK, JAE SEON KIM, YOUNG TAE BAK, CHANG HONG LEE. (2005) Factors related to post-treatment relapse in chronic hepatitis B patients who lost HBeAg after lamivudine therapy. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 20:12, 1838-1842
CrossRef306
Jean-Michel Pawlotsky. (2005) The concept of hepatitis B virus mutant escape. Journal of Clinical Virology 34, S125-S129
CrossRef307
Ke-zhou Liu, Wei Hou, Edward Zumbika, Qin Ni. (2005) Clinical features of chronic hepatitis B patients with YMDD mutation after lamivudine therapy. Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B 6:12, 1182-1187
CrossRef308
Yun-Fan Liaw. (2005) The current management of HBV drug resistance. Journal of Clinical Virology 34, S143-S146
CrossRef309
Tarik Asselah, Marie-Pierre Ripault, Corinne Castelnau, Nathalie Giuily, Nathalie Boyer, Patrick Marcellin. (2005) The current status of antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Clinical Virology 34, S115-S124
CrossRef310
Chun-Jen Liu, Jia-Horng Kao, Ding-Shinn Chen. (2005) Therapeutic implications of hepatitis B virus genotypes. Liver International 25:6, 1097-1107
CrossRef311
Xue-Jun Liu, Ru-Yu Chen, Dong-Lu Bai. (2005) Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Novel 2-(Thymin-1 ′ -ylmethoxy)ethyl Alkyl Sulfides and Their Oxidation Products. Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements 180:12, 2607-2616
CrossRef312
Jeong Won Jang, Jong Young Choi, Si Hyun Bae, Seung Kew Yoon, Chang Wook Kim, Soon Woo Nam, Chang Don Lee, Young Sok Lee, Sang Bok Cha, Kyu Won Chung. (2005) Stopping lamivudine therapy after biochemical breakthrough may be a feasible option in selected HBeAg-positive patients. Journal of Medical Virology 77:3, 367-373
CrossRef313
Anastasia Rivkin. (2005) A review of entecavir in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection. Current Medical Research and Opinion 21:11, 1845-1856
CrossRef314
PING-NAM WONG, TANG-TAT FUNG, SIU-KA MAK, KIN-YEE LO, GENSY MW TONG, YUK WONG, CHING-KONG LOO, ERIC KM LAM, ANDREW KM WONG. (2005) Hepatitis B virus infection in dialysis patients. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 20:11, 1641-1651
CrossRef315
Shiv Kumar Sarin, Manoj Kumar, Rakesh Kumar, Syed Naqui Kazim, Rajkumar Chander Guptan, Puja Sakhuja, Barjesh Chander Sharma. (2005) Higher Efficacy of Sequential Therapy with Interferon-alpha and Lamivudine Combination Compared to Lamivudine Monotherapy in HBeAg Positive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 100:11, 2463-2471
CrossRef316
Themistoklis Vassiliadis, Vassilia Garipidou, Konstantinos Tziomalos, Vassilios Perifanis, Olga Giouleme, Sofia Vakalopoulou. (2005) Prevention of hepatitis B reactivation with lamivudine in hepatitis B virus carriers with hematologic malignancies treated with chemotherapy—A prospective case series. American Journal of Hematology 80:3, 197-203
CrossRef317
Ting–Tsung Chang, Robert G. Gish, Stephanos J. Hadziyannis, Janusz Cianciara, Mario Rizzetto, Eugene R. Schiff, Giuseppe Pastore, Bruce R. Bacon, Thierry Poynard, Shobha Joshi, Kenneth S. Klesczewski, Alexandra Thiry, Ronald E. Rose, Richard J. Colonno, Robert G. Hindes. (2005) A Dose-Ranging Study of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Entecavir in Lamivudine-Refractory Chronic Hepatitis B Patients. Gastroenterology 129:4, 1198-1209
CrossRef318
Ji-Ming Zhang, Xin Yao, Yong-Xiang Wang, Fang Liu, Zhang-Mei Ma, Xing-Hua Weng, Yu-Mei Wen. (2005) High replicative full-length lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus isolated during acute exacerbations. Journal of Medical Virology 77:2, 203-208
CrossRef319
Nanda Kerkar. (2005) Hepatitis B in children: Complexities in management. Pediatric Transplantation 9:5, 685-691
CrossRef320
A. MARRONE, R. ZAMPINO, P. KARAYANNIS, G. CIRILLO, G. CESARO, B. GUERRERA, R. RICCIOTTI, E. MIRAGLIA DEL GIUDICE, R. UTILI, L. E. ADINOLFI, G. RUGGIERO. (2005) Clinical reactivation during lamivudine treatment correlates with mutations in the precore/core promoter and polymerase regions of hepatitis B virus in patients with anti-hepatitis B e-positive chronic hepatitis. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 22:8, 707-714
CrossRef321
C. L. Thio, M. S. Sulkowski, D. L. Thomas. (2005) Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B in HIV-Infected Persons: Thinking Outside the Black Box. Clinical Infectious Diseases 41:7, 1035-1040
CrossRef322
G. J.-H. PARK, P. H. KATELARIS, D. B. JONES, F. SEOW, B. P. C. LIN, D. G. LE COUTEUR, M. C. NGU. (2005) The 13C-caffeine breath test distinguishes significant fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B and reflects response to lamivudine therapy. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 22:5, 395-403
CrossRef323
KOSEI HAMANO, NAOYA SAKAMOTO, NOBUYUKI ENOMOTO, NAMIKI IZUMI, YASUHIRO ASAHINA, MASAYUKI KUROSAKI, ERI UEDA, YOKO TANABE, SHINYA MAEKAWA, JUN ITAKURA, HIDEKI WATANABE, SEI KAKINUMA, MAMORU WATANABE. (2005) Mutations in the NS5B region of the hepatitis C virus genome correlate with clinical outcomes of interferon-alpha plus ribavirin combination therapy. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 20:9, 1401-1409
CrossRef324
Thierry Poynard, Fabien Zoulim, Vlad Ratziu, Francoise Degos, Francoise Imbert-Bismut, Paul Deny, Paul Landais, Abdelkader El Hasnaoui, Alain Slama, Patrick Blin, Vincent Thibault, Parviz Parvaz, Mona Munteanu, Christian Trepo. (2005) Longitudinal Assessment of Histology Surrogate Markers (FibroTest-ActiTest) During Lamivudine Therapy in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 100:9, 1970-1980
CrossRef325
P. Michielsen, P. Damme, J. E. Steenbergen. (2005) Virale hepatitis. Bijblijven 21:8, 323-333
CrossRef326
Chee-kin Hui, George KK Lau. (2005) Peginterferon–α2a (40 kDa) (Pegasys®) for hepatitis B. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 3:4, 495-504
CrossRef327
Kazue Sasaki, Nobuto Minowa, Hiroyuki Kuzuhara, Shoji Nishiyama. (2005) Preventive effects of soyasapogenol B derivatives on liver injury in a concanavalin A-induced hepatitis model. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 13:16, 4900-4911
CrossRef328
Tatsuya Ide, Ryukichi Kumashiro, Reiichiro Kuwahara, Hiroyuki Koga, Yuriko Koga, Teruko Hino, Kazuo Tanaka, Akiko Hisamochi, Kei Ogata, Michio Sata. (2005) Clinical course of patients with chronic hepatitis B with viral breakthrough during long-term lamivudine treatment. Journal of Gastroenterology 40:6, 625-630
CrossRef329
H.-J. Yuan, M.-F. Yuen, D. Ka-Ho Wong, E. Sablon, C.-L. Lai. (2005) The relationship between HBV-DNA levels and cirrhosis-related complications in Chinese with chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 12:4, 373-379
CrossRef330
C. L. Cooper. (2005) Therapeutic Interventions for HIV Infection and Chronic Viral Hepatitis. Clinical Infectious Diseases 41:Supplement 1, S69-S72
CrossRef331
P. Marcellin, T. Asselah, N. Boyer. (2005) Treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 12:4, 333-345
CrossRef332
J. W. Shin, N. H. Park, J. H. Park, J. H. Park, I. D. Jeong, S-J. Bang, K. R. Joo, D. H. Kim. (2005) Efficacy of lamivudine re-treatment for relapsed patients after an initial lamivudine therapy in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 12:4, 393-397
CrossRef333
Xingwang Song, Zhiping Hu, Hainan Zhang. (2005) Acute Dystonia Induced by Lamivudine. Clinical Neuropharmacology 28:4, 193-194
CrossRef334
Omondi Oyoo, Luis R. Espinoza. (2005) Infection-related vasculitis. Current Rheumatology Reports 7:4, 281-287
CrossRef335
Lau, George K.K., Piratvisuth, Teerha, Luo, Kang Xian, Marcellin, Patrick, Thongsawat, Satawat, Cooksley, Graham, Gane, Edward, Fried, Michael W., Chow, Wan Cheng, Paik, Seung Woon, Chang, Wen Yu, Berg, Thomas, Flisiak, Robert, McCloud, Philip, Pluck, Nigel, . (2005) Peginterferon Alfa-2a, Lamivudine, and the Combination for HBeAg-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B. New England Journal of Medicine 352:26, 2682-2695
Full Text336
Henry Lik-Yuen Chan, Alex Yui Hui, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Angel Mei-Ling Chim, May-Ling Wong, Joseph Jao-Yiu Sung. (2005) Long-term follow-up of peginterferon and lamivudine combination treatment in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 41:6, 1357-1364
CrossRef337
JUNG WOO SHIN, YOUNG-HWA CHUNG, MIN HEE CHOI, JEONG A KIM, SOO HYUNG RYU, MYOUNG KUK JANG, IN SOOK KIM, NEUNG HWA PARK, HAN CHU LEE, YUNG SANG LEE, DONG JIN SUH. (2005) Precore stop codon mutation of hepatitis B virus is associated with low breakthrough rate following long-term lamivudine therapy. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 20:6, 844-849
CrossRef338
Yun-Fan Liaw, Nancy Leung, Richard Guan, George K.K. Lau, Ismail Merican, Geoff McCaughan, Edward Gane, Jia-Horng Kao, Masao Omata, . (2005) Asian-Pacific consensus statement on the management of chronic hepatitis B: a 2005 update. Liver International 25:3, 472-489
CrossRef339
Vildan Ertekin, Mukadder A. Selimo??lu, Zerrin Orbak. (2005) Effects of lamivudine therapy on the glucose metabolism in children with chronic hepatitis B: first year follow-up results. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 17:6, 655-659
CrossRef340
S. Iino, J. Toyota, H. Kumada, K. Kiyosawa, S. Kakumu, M. Sata, H. Suzuki, E. B. Martins. (2005) The efficacy and safety of thymosin alpha-1 in Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis B; results from a randomized clinical trial. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 12:3, 300-306
CrossRef341
Fred Shapiro, Viviane Smeets, Jean-Christophe Donck, Wim Ottevaere. (2005) Innogenetics NV. Personalized Medicine 2:2, 127-133
CrossRef342
Man-Fung Yuen, Danny Ka-Ho Wong, Simon Siu-Man Sum, He-Jun Yuan, John Chi-Hang Yuen, Annie On-On Chan, Benjamin Chun-Yu Wong, Ching-Lung Lai. (2005) Effect of Lamivudine Therapy on the Serum Covalently Closed-Circular (ccc) DNA of Chronic Hepatitis B Infection. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 100:5, 1099-1103
CrossRef343
C. Yurdaydin, H. Bozkaya, H. Cetinkaya, T. Sahin, D. Karaoguz, M. Toruner, O. Erkan, A. O. Heper, E. Erden, A. M. Bozdayi, O. Uzunalimoglu. (2005) Lamivudine vs lamivudine and interferon combination treatment of HBeAg(-) chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 12:3, 262-268
CrossRef344
M.-F. Yuen, D. H.-F. Chow, K. Tsui, B. C.-Y. Wong, J. C.-H. Yuen, D. K.-H. Wong, C.-L. Lai. (2005) Liver histology of Asian patients with chronic hepatitis B on prolonged lamivudine therapy. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 21:7, 841-849
CrossRef345
Steven-Huy B Han. (2005) Telbivudine: a new nucleoside analogue for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 14:4, 511-519
CrossRef346
Norio Akuta, Fumitaka Suzuki, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Hitomi Sezaki, Tetsuya Hosaka, Takashi Someya, Masahiro Kobayashi, Satoshi Saitoh, Yasuji Arase, Kenji Ikeda, Mariko Kobayashi, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2005) Favorable efficacy of long-term lamivudine therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B: An 8-year follow-up study. Journal of Medical Virology 75:4, 491-498
CrossRef347
C. A. Benson, J. E. Kaplan, H. Masur, A. Pau, K. K. Holmes. (2005) Treating Opportunistic Infections among HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents: Recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association/Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical Infectious Diseases 40:Supplement 3, S131-S235
CrossRef348
M. Natsuizaka, S. Hige, Y. Ono, K. Ogawa, M. Nakanishi, M. Chuma, S. Yoshida, M. Asaka. (2005) Long-term follow-up of chronic hepatitis B after the emergence of mutations in the hepatitis B virus polymerase region. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 12:2, 154-159
CrossRef349
Shen Wei-sheng, Yang Hong-zhi, Hong Qi, Zhang Yong-qiang, Xie He-ping, Bian Zhuang. (2005) Two-year observation of the clinical efficacy in treating chronic hepatitis B patients with Ganxian recipe and lamivudine. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 11:1, 5-10
CrossRef350
Jian Sun, Zhanhui Wang, Shiwu Ma, Guobing Zeng, Zhiyong Zhou, Kangxian Luo, Jinlin Hou. (2005) Clinical and virological characteristics of lamivudine resistance in chronic hepatitis B patients: A single center experience. Journal of Medical Virology 75:3, 391-398
CrossRef351
N. H. Park, J. W. Shin, J. H. Park, S-J. Bang, D-H. Kim, K. R. Joo, D. H. Kim. (2005) Monitoring of HBeAg levels may help to predict the outcomes of lamivudine therapy for HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 12:2, 216-221
CrossRef352
A. Marrone, R. Zampino, G. Portella, M. Grimaldi, E. D. Mangoni, L. Santarpia, G. Ruggiero, R. Utili. (2005) Three-phase sequential combined treatment with lamivudine and interferon in young patients with chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 12:2, 186-191
CrossRef353
HIE-WON L HANN, MICHELE L JONSSON FUNK, DANIEL M ROSENBERG, RANDY DAVIS. (2005) Factors associated with response to lamivudine: Retrospective study in a tertiary care clinic serving patients with chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 20:3, 433-440
CrossRef354
AKIHITO TSUBOTA, YASUJI ARASE, YOSHIYUKI SUZUKI, FUMITAKA SUZUKI, HITOMI SEZAKI, TETSUYA HOSAKA, NORIO AKUTA, TAKASHI SOMEYA, MASAHIRO KOBAYASHI, SATOSHI SAITOH, KENJI IKEDA, HIROMITSU KUMADA. (2005) Lamivudine monotherapy for spontaneous severe acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 20:3, 426-432
CrossRef355
Hari S. Conjeevaram. (2005) Disease status and therapeutic end points in hepatitis B. Current Hepatitis Reports 4:1, 5-13
CrossRef356
Norio Horiike, Sk. Md. Fazle Akbar, Kojiro Michitaka, Kouji Joukou, Kazuhisa Yamamoto, Naohiko Kojima, Yoichi Hiasa, Masanori Abe, Morikazu Onji. (2005) In vivo immunization by vaccine therapy following virus suppression by lamivudine: a novel approach for treating patients with chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Clinical Virology 32:2, 156-161
CrossRef357
Madoka Kohmoto, Masaru Enomoto, Akihiro Tamori, Daiki Habu, Tadashi Takeda, Norifumi Kawada, Hiroki Sakaguchi, Shuichi Seki, Susumu Shiomi, Shuhei Nishiguchi. (2005) Quantitative detection of hepatitis B surface antigen by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay during lamivudine treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus carriers. Journal of Medical Virology 75:2, 235-239
CrossRef358
C. E. Westland, H. Yang, W. E. Delaney, M. Wulfsohn, N. Lama, C. S. Gibbs, M. D. Miller, J. Fry, C. L. Brosgart, E. R. Schiff, S. Xiong. (2005) Activity of adefovir dipivoxil against all patterns of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B viruses in patients. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 12:1, 67-73
CrossRef359
Pratima Sharma, Hugo E. Vargas, Jorge Rakela. 2005. Monitoring and Care of the Patient Before Liver Transplantation. , 473-489.
CrossRef360
Michiyo KODAMA, Mikiya KITAMOTO, Hideki NAKAHARA, Yasuhiko FUKUDA, Waka OHISHI, Nami MORI, Akiko MATSUMOTO, Toshiko ONITAKE, Masaru IMAGAWA, Kazuaki CHAYAMA. (2005) A case of decompensated hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis successfully treated with lamivudine and adefovir allowing repeated treatments for hepatocellular carcinomas. Kanzo 46:5, 262-269
CrossRef361
Norio Akuta, Fumitaka Suzuki, Mariko Kobayashi, Marie Matsuda, Junko Sato, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Hitomi Sezaki, Tetsuya Hosaka, Takashi Someya, Masahiro Kobayashi, Satoshi Saitoh, Yasuji Arase, Kenji Ikeda, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2005) Virological and Biochemical Relapse after Discontinuation of Lamivudine Monotherapy for Chronic Hepatitis B in Japan: Comparison with Breakthrough Hepatitis during Long-Term Treatment. Intervirology 48:2-3, 174-182
CrossRef362
Curtis L Cooper. (2005) Therapies for HIV and viral hepatitis coinfection. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 3:1, 81-89
CrossRef363
Harry LA Janssen, Monika van Zonneveld, Hakan Senturk, Stefan Zeuzem, Ulus S Akarca, Yilmaz Cakaloglu, Christopher Simon, Thomas MK So, Guido Gerken, Robert A de Man, Hubert GM Niesters, Pieter Zondervan, Bettina Hansen, Solko W Schalm. (2005) Pegylated interferon alfa-2b alone or in combination with lamivudine for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B: a randomised trial. The Lancet 365:9454, 123-129
CrossRef364
Yuki NISHIMURA, Namiki IZUMI, Yuko ONUKI, Kazunari INOUE, Ken UEDA, Kaoru TSUCHIYA, Hiroyuki NAKANISHI, Yasuhiro ASAHINA, Masayuki KUROSAKI, Masakatsu UCHIHARA, Shozo MIYAKE, Shigeki ARII. (2005) A case of chronic hepatitis B with genotype B which developed hepatoceller carcinoma during lamivudine treatment. Kanzo 46:3, 119-125
CrossRef365
Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Masayuki Kurosaki, Yasuhiro Asahina, Yuko Onuki, Ken Ueda, Yuki Nishimura, Kaoru Tsuchiya, Takatoshi Kitamura, Masakatsu Uchihara, Shozo Miyake, Nobuyuki Enomoto, Namiki Izumi. (2005) Polymerase Domain B Mutation Is Associated with Hepatitis Relapse during Long-Term Lamivudine Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis B. Intervirology 48:6, 381-388
CrossRef366
Seung Kew Yoon, Jeong Won Jang, Chang Wook Kim, Si Hyun Bae, Jong Young Choi, Sang Wook Choi, Young Sok Lee, Chang Don Lee, Kyu Won Chung, Hee Sik Sun, Boo Sung Kim. (2005) Long-Term Results of Lamivudine Monotherapy in Korean Patients with HBeAg-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B: Response and Relapse Rates, and Factors Related to Durability of HBeAg Seroconversion. Intervirology 48:6, 341-349
CrossRef367
Scott K Fung, Anna SF Lok. (2004) Drug Insight: nucleoside and nucleotide analog inhibitors for hepatitis B. Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 1:2, 90-97
CrossRef368
MYOUNG KUK JANG, YOUNG-HWA CHUNG, MIN HEE CHOI, JEONG A KIM, SOO HYUNG RYU, JUNG WOO SHIN, IN SOOK KIM, NEUNG HWA PARK, HAN CHU LEE, YUNG SANG LEE, DONG JIN SUH. (2004) Combination of alpha-interferon with lamivudine reduces viral breakthrough during long-term therapy. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 19:12, 1363-1368
CrossRef369
Tarik Asselah, Corinne Castelnau, Nathalie Boyer, Marie-Pierre Ripault, Patrick Marcellin. (2004) Traitement de l’hépatite chronique B. Gastroentérologie Clinique et Biologique 28:12, 1215-1227
CrossRef370
Dominique Thabut, Vincent Thibault, Brigitte Bernard-Chabert, Catherine Mouquet, Vincent Di Martino, Sophie Le Calvez, Pierre Opolon, Yves Benhamou, Marc Olivier Bitker, Thierry Poynard. (2004) Long-term therapy with lamivudine in renal transplant recipients with chronic hepatitis B. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 16:12, 1367-1373
CrossRef371
H. Schmilovitz-Weiss, Z. Ben-Ari, E. Sikuler, E. Zuckerman, W. Sbeit, Z. Ackerman, R. Safadi, Y. Lurie, G. Rosner, R. Tur-Kaspa, R. Reshef. (2004) Lamivudine treatment for acute severe hepatitis B: a pilot study. Liver International 24:6, 547-551
CrossRef372
ANNA SF LOK. (2004) Is it better to treat chronic hepatitis B as early as possible?-Con. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 19:s7, S120-S123
CrossRef373
Hiroaki Nagamatsu, Satoshi Itano, Sakae Nagaoka, Junji Akiyoshi, Satoru Matsugaki, Junichi Kurogi, Nobuyoshi Tajiri, Sanki Yamasaki, Hironori Koga, Takuji Torimura, Ryukichi Kumashiro, Michio Sata. (2004) Prophylactic Lamivudine Administration Prevents Exacerbation of Liver Damage in HBe Antigen Positive Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Transhepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 99:12, 2369-2375
CrossRef374
M. S. Dai, P. F. Wu, R. Y. Shyu, J. J. Lu, T. Y. Chao. (2004) Hepatitis B virus reactivation in breast cancer patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy and the role of preemptive lamivudine administration. Liver International 24:6, 540-546
CrossRef375
Stephanie D. Straley, Norah A. Terrault. (2004) Chronic hepatitis B. Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology 7:6, 477-489
CrossRef376
Stephanos J Hadziyannis, George V Papatheodoridis. (2004) Emerging treatments in chronic hepatitis B. Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs 9:2, 207-221
CrossRef377
R-N. Chien, C-T. Yeh, P-N. Wang, M-C. Kuo, S-Y. Hsieh, L-Y. Shih, Y-F. Liaw. (2004) Acute leukaemia in chronic hepatitis B patients with lamivudine therapy. International Journal of Clinical Practice 58:11, 1088-1091
CrossRef378
David M. Asmuth, Hien H. Nguyen, Gregory P. Melcher, Stuart H. Cohen, Richard B. Pollard. (2004) Treatments for Hepatitis B. Clinical Infectious Diseases 39:9, 1353-1362
CrossRef379
Liaw, Yun-Fan, Sung, Joseph J.Y., Chow, Wan Cheng, Farrell, Geoffrey, Lee, Cha-Ze, Yuen, Hon, Tanwandee, Tawesak, Tao, Qi-Min, Shue, Kelly, Keene, Oliver N., Dixon, Jonathan S., Gray, D. Fraser, Sabbat, Jan, . (2004) Lamivudine for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B and Advanced Liver Disease. New England Journal of Medicine 351:15, 1521-1531
Full Text380
Wands, Jack R., . (2004) Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. New England Journal of Medicine 351:15, 1567-1570
Full Text381
Emma C Thomson, Janice Main. (2004) Advances in hepatitis B and C. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 17:5, 449-459
CrossRef382
(2004) Viral hepatitis guidelines in hemodialysis and transplantation. American Journal of Transplantation 4:s10, 72-82
CrossRef383
Peter Karayiannis. (2004) Current therapies for chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 2:5, 745-760
CrossRef384
Marie Matsuda, Fumitaka Suzuki, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Akihito Tsubota, Norio Akuta, Tetsuya Hosaka, Takashi Someya, Masahiro Kobayashi, Satoshi Saitoh, Yasuji Arase, Junko Satoh, Mariko Kobayashi, Kenji Ikeda, Yuzo Miyakawa, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2004) YMDD mutants in patients with chronic hepatitis B before treatment are not selected by lamivudine. Journal of Medical Virology 74:2, 361-366
CrossRef385
Daryl T.-Y. Lau, Fernando E. Membreno. (2004) Antiviral therapy for treatment-naı̈ve hepatitis B virus patients. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 33:3, 581-599
CrossRef386
S. K. Fung, F. Wong, M. Hussain, A. S. F. Lok. (2004) Sustained response after a 2-year course of lamivudine treatment of hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 11:5, 432-438
CrossRef387
Cindy J. Lai, Norah A. Terrault. (2004) Antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 33:3, 629-654
CrossRef388
Chee-kin Hui, Hai-ying Zhang, George K.K. Lau. (2004) Management of chronic hepatitis B in treatment-experienced patients. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 33:3, 601-616
CrossRef389
Oscar Pontesilli, Andeltje B. van Nunen, Debby van Riel, Patrizia Carotenuto, Hubert G. Niesters, Fons G. Uytdehaag, Robert A. De Man, Albert D. Osterhaus. (2004) Hepatitis B virus-specific T cell response in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with lamivudine and interferon-alpha. Liver International 24:4, 308-315
CrossRef390
L. Guillevin, A. Mahr, P. Cohen, C. Larroche, V. Queyrel, V. Loustaud-Ratti, B. Imbert, P. Hausfater, J. Roudier, P. Bielefeld, P. Petitjean, D. Smadja, . (2004) Short-term corticosteroids then lamivudine and plasma exchanges to treat hepatitis B virus-related polyarteritis nodosa. Arthritis & Rheumatism 51:3, 482-487
CrossRef391
Henry Lik-Yuen Chan, Albert Ka-Keung Chui, Wan-Yee Lau, Francis Ka-Leung Chan, Alex Yui Hui, Araga Ramesha Nitin Rao, John Wong, Eric Chun-Hung Lai, Joseph Jao-Yiu Sung. (2004) Outcome of lamivudine resistant hepatitis B virus mutant post-liver transplantation on lamivudine monoprophylaxis. Clinical Transplantation 18:3, 295-300
CrossRef392
Akihito Tsubota, Yasuji Arase, Fumitaka Suzuki, Mariko Kobayashi, Marie Matsuda, Junko Sato, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Norio Akuta, Hitomi Sezaki, Tetsuya Hosaka, Takashi Someya, Masahiro Kobayashi, Satoshi Saitoh, Kenji Ikeda, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2004) Severe acute exacerbation of liver disease may reduce or delay emergence of YMDD motif mutants in long-term lamivudine therapy for hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Medical Virology 73:1, 7-12
CrossRef393
M. Buti Ferret. (2004) Tratamiento de la infección por VHB y VHC. Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado 9:11, 674-680
CrossRef394
Hong Shen, Mazen Alsatie, George Eckert, Naga Chalasani, Lawrence Lumeng, Paul Y. Kwo. (2004) Combination therapy with lamivudine and famciclovir for chronic hepatitis B infection. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2:4, 330-336
CrossRef395
Ingolf Schiefke, Chris Klecker, Melanie Maier, Ute Oesen, Gunnar Etzrodt, Andrea Tannapfel, Uwe G. Liebert, Frieder Berr. (2004) Sequential combination therapy of HBe antigen-negative/virus-DNA-positive chronic hepatitis B with famciclovir or lamivudine and interferon-alpha-2a. Liver International 24:2, 98-104
CrossRef396
Diego Ripamonti, Franco Maggiolo, Fredy Suter. (2004) HIV-1 and hepatitis B virus: time for a re-think?. The Lancet 363:9418, 1400
CrossRef397
Nancy Leung. (2004) Lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 2:2, 173-180
CrossRef398
Young-Bin Hong, Yong-Wook Choi, Gu-Hung Jung. (2004) Increased DNA Polymerase Fidelity of the Lamivudine Resistant Variants of Human Hepatitis B Virus DNA Polymerase. Journal of Biochemistry and molecular biology 37:2, 167-176
CrossRef399
Ganem, Don, Prince, Alfred M., . (2004) Hepatitis B Virus Infection — Natural History and Clinical Consequences. New England Journal of Medicine 350:11, 1118-1129
Full Text400
D. Lavanchy. (2004) Hepatitis B virus epidemiology, disease burden, treatment, and current and emerging prevention and control measures. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 11:2, 97-107
CrossRef401
Alexander Kuo, Jules L Dienstag, Raymond T Chung. (2004) Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for the treatment of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2:3, 266-272
CrossRef402
R. Idilman, M. Arat, E. Soydan, M. Toruner, I. Soykan, H. Akbulut, O. Arslan, M. Ozcan, A. R. Turkyilmaz, M. Bozdayi, S. Karayalcin, D. H. Van Thiel, A. Ozden, M. Beksac, H. Akan. (2004) Lamivudine prophylaxis for prevention of chemotherapy-induced hepatitis B virus reactivation in hepatitis B virus carriers with malignancies. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 11:2, 141-147
CrossRef403
Fabrizio Fabrizi, Gareth Dulai, Vivek Dixit, Suphamai Bunnapradist, Paul Martin. (2004) Lamivudine for the treatment of hepatitis B virus-related liver disease after renal transplantation: meta-analysis of clinical trials. Transplantation 77:6, 859-864
CrossRef404
Kiyoaki Ito, Yasuhito Tanaka, Etsuro Orito, Noboru Hirashima, Tatsuya Ide, Teruko Hino, Ryukichi Kumashiro, Atunaga Kato, Haruhiko Nukaya, Kenji Sakakibara, Motokazu Mukaide, Hidemi Ito, Michio Sata, Ryuzo Ueda, Masashi Mizokami. (2004) Predicting Relapse after Cessation of Lamivudine Monotherapy for Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases 38:4, 490-495
CrossRef405
Thjon J. Tang, Robert A. de Man, Johannes G. Kusters, Jaap Kwekkeboom, Wim C.J. Hop, Renate G. van der Molen, Solko W. Schalm, Harry L.A. Janssen. (2004) Intrahepatic CD8 T-lymphocytes and HBV core expression in relation to response to antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B patients. Journal of Medical Virology 72:2, 215-222
CrossRef406
V. W.-S. Wong, H. L.-Y. Chan, M. L. Wong, J. S.-L. Tam, N. W.-Y. Leung. (2004) Clinical course after stopping lamivudine in chronic hepatitis B patients with lamivudine-resistant mutants. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 19:3, 323-329
CrossRef407
Emmet B. Keeffe, Douglas T. Dieterich, Steve-huy B. Han, Ira M. Jacobson, Paul Martin, Eugene R. Schiff, Hillel Tobias, Teresa L. Wright. (2004) A treatment algorithm for the management of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in the United States. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2:2, 87-106
CrossRef408
Sun-Lung Tsai, Tzong-Hsien Lee, Rong-Nan Chien, Shuen-Kuei Liao, Chen-Lung Lin, George C. Kuo, Yun-Fan Liaw. (2004) A method to increase tetramer staining efficiency of CD8+ T cells with MHC–peptide complexes: therapeutic applications in monitoring cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity during hepatitis B and C treatment. Journal of Immunological Methods 285:1, 71-87
CrossRef409
Rong-Nan Chien, Yun-Fan Liaw. (2004) Thymalfasin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 2:1, 9-16
CrossRef410
Tetsuya Hosaka, Fumitaka Suzuki, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Satoshi Saitoh, Masahiro Kobayashi, Takashi Someya, Hitomi Sezaki, Norio Akuta, Akihito Tsubota, Yasuji Arase, Kenji Ikeda, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2004) Adefovir Dipivoxil for Treatment of Breakthrough Hepatitis Caused by Lamivudine-Resistant Mutants of Hepatitis B Virus. Intervirology 47:6, 362-369
CrossRef411
Akihito Tsubota, Yasuji Arase, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Fumitaka Suzuki, Tetsuya Hosaka, Norio Akuta, Takashi Someya, Masahiro Kobayashi, Satoshi Saitoh, Kenji Ikeda, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2004) Benefit of Lamivudine Therapy and Factors Associated with Clinical Outcome in Spontaneous Severe Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Intervirology 47:6, 335-341
CrossRef412
Reiichiro Kuwahara, Ryukichi Kumashiro, Shiro Murashima, Kei Ogata, Kazuo Tanaka, Akiko Hisamochi, Teruko Hino, Tatsuya Ide, Eisuke Tanaka, Yuriko Koga, Michio Sata. (2004) Genetic heterogeneity of the precore and the core promoter region of genotype C hepatitis B virus during lamivudine therapy. Journal of Medical Virology 72:1, 26-34
CrossRef413
Xue-Jun Liu, Ru-Yu Chen, Dong-Lu Bai. (2004) Synthesis and antitumor activity of novel 1-(2?-alkyl(or phenyl)thioethoxy)methyl-5-fluorouracils and their oxidation products. Heteroatom Chemistry 15:7, 543-548
CrossRef414
Young-Suk Lim, Dong Jin Suh. (2004) Current Antiviral Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis B. Journal of Korean Medical Science 19:4, 489
CrossRef415
G. V. Papatheodoridis, S. J. Hadziyannis. (2004) Current management of chronic hepatitis B. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 19:1, 25-37
CrossRef416
Bernhard Z
CrossRef417
B. Werle, K. Cinquin, P. Marcellin, S. Pol, M. Maynard, C. Trepo, F. Zoulim. (2004) Evolution of hepatitis B viral load and viral genome sequence during adefovir dipivoxil therapy. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 11:1, 74-83
CrossRef418
Robert Perrillo, Hie-won Hann, David Mutimer, Bernard Willems, Nancy Leung, William M. Lee, Alison Moorat, Stephen Gardner, Mary Woessner, Eric Bourne, Carol L. Brosgart, Eugene Schiff. (2004) Adefovir dipivoxil added to ongoing lamivudine in chronic hepatitis B with YMDD mutant hepatitis B virus. Gastroenterology 126:1, 81-90
CrossRef419
Peter Ferenci. (2004) Treatment of chronic viral hepatitis. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 18, 113-120
CrossRef420
Helene Norder, Anne-Marie Couroucé, Pierre Coursaget, José M. Echevarria, Shou-Dong Lee, Isa K. Mushahwar, Betty H. Robertson, Stephen Locarnini, Lars O. Magnius. (2004) Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis B Virus Strains Derived Worldwide: Genotypes, Subgenotypes, and HB<sub>s</sub>Ag Subtypes. Intervirology 47:6, 289-309
CrossRef421
H. Freudiger. (2004) Reverse seroconversion of hepatitis B in a haemodialysis patient. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 19:1, 238-241
CrossRef422
Norio Akuta, Fumitaka Suzuki, Mariko Kobayashi, Marie Matsuda, Junko Sato, Kimiko Takagi, Akihito Tsubota, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Tetsuya Hosaka, Takashi Someya, Masahiro Kobayashi, Satoshi Saitoh, Yasuji Arase, Kenji Ikeda, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2003) Virological and biochemical relapse according to YMDD motif mutant type during long-term lamivudine monotherapy. Journal of Medical Virology 71:4, 504-510
CrossRef423
Anna S.F Lok, Ching-Lung Lai, Nancy Leung, Guang-Bi Yao, Zhen-Yu Cui, Eugene R Schiff, Jules L Dienstag, E.Jenny Heathcote, Nancy R Little, Dorothea A Griffiths, Stephen D Gardner, Mary Castiglia. (2003) Long-term safety of lamivudine treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Gastroenterology 125:6, 1714-1722
CrossRef424
XINXIN ZHANG, CHUANMIAO LIU, QIMING GONG, SHENYING ZHANG, DONGHUA ZHANG, ZHIMENG LU, YUAN WANG. (2003) Evolution of wild type and mutants of the YMDD motif of hepatitis B virus polymerase during lamivudine therapy. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 18:12, 1353-1357
CrossRef425
Ching Lung Lai, Vlad Ratziu, Man-Fung Yuen, Thierry Poynard. (2003) Viral hepatitis B. The Lancet 362:9401, 2089-2094
CrossRef426
S. Hagmann, M. Chung, G. Rochford, M. Jani, C. Trinh-Shevrin, Y. Sitnitskaya, A. U. Neumann, H. Pollack. (2003) Response to Lamivudine Treatment in Children with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases 37:11, 1434-1440
CrossRef427
P Halfon, S Pol, M Bourlière, J Courcambeck, P Cacoub. (2003) Résistance aux analogues de nucléosides dans le traitement de l’hépatite chronique B. La Revue de Médecine Interne 24:12, 786-793
CrossRef428
Roula B. Qaqish, Keri A. Mattes, David J. Ritchie. (2003) Adefovir dipivoxil: A new antiviral agent for the treatment of hepatitis B virus infection. Clinical Therapeutics 25:12, 3084-3099
CrossRef429
Costica Aloman, Jack R. Wands. (2003) Resistance of HBV to adefovir dipivoxil: A case for combination antiviral therapy?. Hepatology 38:6, 1584-1587
CrossRef430
B. J. Brew. (2003) The peripheral nerve complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Muscle & Nerve 28:5, 542-552
CrossRef431
Nadia Alatrakchi, Margaret James Koziel. (2003) Antiviral T-cell responses and therapy in chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Hepatology 39:4, 631-634
CrossRef432
Soo Hyung Ryu, Young-Hwa Chung, Min Hee Choi, Jeong A Kim, Jung Woo Shin, Myoung Kuk Jang, Neung Hwa Park, Han Chu Lee, Yung Sang Lee, Dong Jin Suh. (2003) Long-term additional lamivudine therapy enhances durability of lamivudine-induced HBeAg loss: a prospective study. Journal of Hepatology 39:4, 614-619
CrossRef433
Erwin Sablon, Fred Shapiro, Fabien Zoulim. (2003) Early detection of hepatitis B drug resistance: implications for patient management. Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics 3:5, 535-547
CrossRef434
Peggy Lin, Gisela Torres, Stephen K. Tyring. (2003) Changing paradigms in dermatology: antivirals in dermatology. Clinics in Dermatology 21:5, 426-446
CrossRef435
Tetsuhiro Chiba, Osamu Yokosuka, Shigemasa Goto, Kenichi Fukai, Fumio Imazeki, Hideki Shishido, Mitsuro Narita, Hiromitsu Saisho. (2003) Successful clearance of hepatitis B virus after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: beneficial combination of adoptive immunity transfer and lamivudine. European Journal of Haematology 71:3, 220-214
CrossRef436
Anneke K Raney, Robert K Hamatake, Zhi Hong. (2003) Agents in clinical development for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 12:8, 1281-1295
CrossRef437
Nicole D. Simpson, Peter W. Simpson, Ali M. Ahmed, Mindie H. Nguyen, Gabriel Garcia, Emmet B. Keeffe, Aijaz Ahmed. (2003) Prophylaxis Against Chemotherapy-Induced Reactivation of Hepatitis B Virus Infection With Lamivudine. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 37:1, 68-71
CrossRef438
W. G. E. Cooksley, T. Piratvisuth, S.-D. Lee, V. Mahachai, Y.-C. Chao, T. Tanwandee, A. Chutaputti, W. Yu Chang, F. E. Zahm, N. Pluck. (2003) Peginterferon alpha-2a (40 kDa): an advance in the treatment of hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 10:4, 298-305
CrossRef439
Ruth Chin, Stephen Locarnini. (2003) Treatment of chronic hepatitis B: current challenges and future directions. Reviews in Medical Virology 13:4, 255-272
CrossRef440
Murat Saruc, Nuri Ozden, Nurten Turkel, Semin Ayhan, Lynette M. Hock, Isil Tuzcuoglu, Hakan Yuceyar. (2003) Long-term outcomes of thymosin-?1 and interferon ?-2b combination therapy in patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) negative chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 92:7, 1386-1395
CrossRef441
Fumitaka Suzuki, Akihito Tsubota, Yasuji Arase, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Norio Akuta, Tetsuya Hosaka, Takashi Someya, Masahiro Kobayashi, Satoshi Saitoh, Kenji Ikeda, Mariko Kobayashi, Marie Matsuda, Junko Satoh, Kimiko Takagi, Hiromitsu Kumada. (2003) HBe antigen loss during lamivudine therapy is not caused by mutations in precore and core promoter genes in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Medical Virology 70:3, 355-360
CrossRef442
K. Yalcin, H. Degertekin, F. Yildiz, Y. Celik. (2003) Comparison of 12-Month Courses of Interferon- -2b-Lamivudine Combination Therapy and Interferon- -2b Monotherapy among Patients with Untreated Chronic Hepatitis B. Clinical Infectious Diseases 36:12, 1516-1522
CrossRef443
Robert P. Perrillo. (2003) Hepatitis B: Treatment strategies for currently available drugs. Current Hepatitis Reports 2:2, 63-70
CrossRef444
Stephanie D. Straley, Norah A. Terrault. (2003) Treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Current Hepatitis Reports 2:2, 49-59
CrossRef445
Francis Y. Yao. (2003) Dramatic Reduction of the α-Fetoprotein Level After Lamivudine Treatment of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Cirrhosis. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 36:5, 440-442
CrossRef446
Z. Ben-Ari, E. Mor, R. Tur-Kaspa. (2003) Experience with lamivudine therapy for hepatitis B virus infection before and after liver transplantation, and review of the literature. Journal of Internal Medicine 253:5, 544-552
CrossRef447
Patrick Marcellin, Nathalie Boyer. (2003) Chronic viral hepatitis. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 17:2, 259-275
CrossRef448
Ching‐Lung Lai, Jules Dienstag, Eugene Schiff, Nancy W. Y. Leung, Mark Atkins, Christine Hunt, Nathaniel Brown, Mary Woessner, Richard Boehme, Lynn Condreay. (2003) Prevalence and Clinical Correlates of YMDD Variants during Lamivudine Therapy for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B. Clinical Infectious Diseases 36:6, 687-696
CrossRef449
CORINA HARTMAN, DRORA BERKOWITZ, DANIEL SHOUVAL, ORLY ESHACH-ADIV, BIAN HINO, NURIT RIMON, IEHUDITH SATINGER, TZIPI KRA-OZ, NILY DAUDI, RAANAN SHAMIR. (2003) Lamivudine treatment for chronic hepatitis B infection in children unresponsive to interferon. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 22:3, 224-228
CrossRef450
YUN-FAN LIAW, NANCY LEUNG, RICHARD GUAN, GEORGE KK LAU, ISMAIL MERICAN. (2003) Asian-Pacific consensus statement on the management of chronic hepatitis B: An update*. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 18:3, 239-245
CrossRef451
Bimaljit S Sandhu, Arun J Sanyal. (2003) Pregnancy and liver disease. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 32:1, 407-436
CrossRef452
Marcellin, Patrick, Chang, Ting-Tsung, Lim, Seng Gee, Tong, Myron J., Sievert, William, Shiffman, Mitchell L., Jeffers, Lennox, Goodman, Zachary, Wulfsohn, Michael S., Xiong, Shelly, Fry, John, Brosgart, Carol L., . (2003) Adefovir Dipivoxil for the Treatment of Hepatitis B e Antigen–Positive Chronic Hepatitis B. New England Journal of Medicine 348:9, 808-816
Full Text453
Mailliard, Mark E., Gollan, John L., . (2003) Suppressing Hepatitis B without Resistance — So Far, So Good. New England Journal of Medicine 348:9, 848-850
Full Text454
Hadziyannis, Stephanos J., Tassopoulos, Nicolaos C., Heathcote, E. Jenny, Chang, Ting-Tsung, Kitis, George, Rizzetto, Mario, Marcellin, Patrick, Lim, Seng Gee, Goodman, Zachary, Wulfsohn, Michael S., Xiong, Shelly, Fry, John, Brosgart, Carol L., . (2003) Adefovir Dipivoxil for the Treatment of Hepatitis B e Antigen–Negative Chronic Hepatitis B. New England Journal of Medicine 348:9, 800-807
Full Text455
J Areias, F Calinas, A Porto, A Carvalho, D Freitas, G Macedo, R Noronha, J Cotter, A Meli??o-Silvestre, R Peixe, J Pratas, D Barrote, R Teixeira, F Augusto, I Carrilho, F Campante, J Velosa, L Carvalho, M A Duarte, H Guerreiro, C Pires, A Silva, I Cotrim, F Guedes, L Tom??, M Marcelino, C Gon??alves, E Ferreira, L Matos, P Peixe, J Esteves, T Valente, C Sim??es, C Marinho, L Jasmins, M J Vieira, R Marinho, P Matos, J Estevens, J Carrasquinho, G Salcedo, P Parada, C Teixeira. (2003) One Year of Lamivudine Therapy ??? for Portuguese Patients with ??? Chronic Hepatitis B. Clinical Drug Investigation 23:5, 339-346
CrossRef456
Shing-yan Ma, George K.K. Lau, Vincent C.C. Cheng, Raymond Liang. (2003) Hepatitis B Reactivation in Patients Positive for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Undergoing Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Leukemia & Lymphoma 44:8, 1281-1285
CrossRef457
ROBERT YM CHEN, PAUL V DESMOND, STEPHEN A LOCARNINI. (2002) Emerging therapies of hepatitis B and C. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 17:s4, S471-S481
CrossRef458
Berwyn Clarke, Stuart Bloor. (2002) Molecular genotyping of hepatitis B virus. Journal of Clinical Virology 25, 41-45
CrossRef459
Hugo E. Vargas, Jorge Rakela. (2002) Impact of hepatitis B and hepatitis C on solid organ transplantation. Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation 7:4, 325-331
CrossRef460
Yaw-Sen Chen, Chih-Chi Wang, Vanessa H de Villa, Shih-Hor Wang, Yu-Fan Cheng, Tung-Liang Huang, Bruno Jawan, King-Wah Chiu, Chao-Long Chen. (2002) Prevention of de novo hepatitis B virus infection in living donor liver transplantation using hepatitis B core antibody positive donors. Clinical Transplantation 16:6, 405-409
CrossRef461
P. Marcellin, C. Castelnau, N. Boyer. (2002) Traitement de l'hépatite B. La Revue de Médecine Interne 23, 535s-536s
CrossRef462
M.-L Michel. (2002) Towards immunotherapy for chronic hepatitis B virus infections. Vaccine 20, A83-A88
CrossRef463
S.M.L Waugh, D Pillay, D Carrington, W.F Carman. (2002) Antiviral prophylaxis and treatment (excluding HIV therapy). Journal of Clinical Virology 25:3, 241-266
CrossRef464
HUBERT E BLUM, DARIUS MORADPOUR. (2002) Antiviral treatment of patients with HBV-related cirrhosis. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 17:s3, S306-S310
CrossRef465
YUN-FAN LIAW. (2002) Management of YMDD mutations during lamivudine therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 17:s3, S333-S337
CrossRef466
D. V. Morrissey, P. A. Lee, D. A. Johnson, S. L. Overly, J. A. McSwiggen, L. Beigelman, V. R. Mokler, L. Maloney, C. Vargeese, K. Bowman, J. T. O'Brien, C. S. Shaffer, A. Conrad, P. Schmid, J. D. Morrey, D. G. Macejak, P. A. Pavco, L. M. Blatt. (2002) Characterization of nuclease-resistant ribozymes directed against hepatitis B virus RNA*. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 9:6, 411-418
CrossRef467
Y.-F. Liaw. (2002) Therapy of chronic hepatitis B: current challenges and opportunities. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 9:6, 393-399
CrossRef468
H. L.-Y. Chan, S. W.-C. Tsang, Y. Hui, N. W.-Y. Leung, F. K.-L. Chan, J. J.-Y. Sung. (2002) The role of lamivudine and predictors of mortality in severe flare-up of chronic hepatitis B with jaundice. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 9:6, 424-428
CrossRef469
Jung Mi Oh, Jinok Kyun, Sung Won Cho. (2002) Long-Term Lamivudine Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis B in Patients with and without Cirrhosis. Pharmacotherapy 22:10, 1226-1234
CrossRef470
Bunyamin Dikici, Mehmet Bosnak, Vuslat Bosnak, Abdullah Dagli, Mehmet Davutoglu, Rasit Vural Yagci, Kenan Haspolat. (2002) Comparison of treatments of chronic hepatitis B in children with lamivudine and alpha-interferon combination and alpha-interferon alone. Pediatrics International 44:5, 517-521
CrossRef471
Henry Lik-Yuen Chan, Albert Ka-Keung Chui, Wan-Yee Lau, Francis Ka-Leung Chan, May-Ling Wong, Chi-Hang Tse, Araga Ramesha Nitin Rao, John Wong, Joseph Jao-Yiu Sung. (2002) Factors associated with viral breakthrough in lamivudine monoprophylaxis of hepatitis B virus recurrence after liver transplantation. Journal of Medical Virology 68:2, 182-187
CrossRef472
Dariusz Marek Lebensztejn, Maciej Kaczmarski. (2002) Lamivudine-associated thrombocytopenia. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 97:10, 2687-2688
CrossRef473
Pietro Andreone, Maurizio Biselli, Annagiulia Gramenzi, Carmela Cursaro, Maria C. Morelli, Claudia Sama, Stefania Lorenzini, Giulio Spinucci, Federica Porzio, Francesco Felline, Loriana Di Giammarino, Mauro Bernardi. (2002) Efficacy of lamivudine therapy for advanced liver disease in patients with precore mutant hepatitis B virus infection awaiting liver transplantation1. Transplantation 74:8, 1119-1124
CrossRef474
Ewa Orlewska. (2002) The Cost-Effectiveness of Alternative Therapeutic Strategies for the Management of Chronic Hepatitis B in Poland. Value in Health 5:5, 405-421
CrossRef475
Jonathan Allen Cohn. (2002) HIV-1 infection in injection drug users. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 16:3, 745-770
CrossRef476
Leonieke M. M. Wolters, Bettina E. Hansen, Hubert G. M. Niesters, Robert A. de Man. (2002) Viral dynamics in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with lamivudine, lamivudine–famciclovir or lamivudine–ganciclovir. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 14:9, 1007-1011
CrossRef477
David E. Kaplan, K. Rajender Reddy. (2002) One two tandem of lamivudine and interferon might work for patients with chronic hepatitis B who failed interferon monotherapy1. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 97:9, 2465-2467
CrossRef478
Sharon Lewin, Tomos Walters, Stephen Locarnini. (2002) Hepatitis B treatment: rational combination chemotherapy based on viral kinetic and animal model studies. Antiviral Research 55:3, 381-396
CrossRef479
J FRANCO, K SAEIAN. (2002) Role of Antiviral Therapy in the Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 13:9, S191-S196
CrossRef480
Mukadder AySe SelimoGlu, Sema AydoGdu, Fatih Unal, AySin ZeytinoGlu, Gul Yuce, RaSit Vural YaGci. (2002) Alpha interferon and lamivudine combination therapy for chronic hepatitis B in children. Pediatrics International 44:4, 404-408
CrossRef481
Joseph Torresi. (2002) The virological and clinical significance of mutations in the overlapping envelope and polymerase genes of hepatitis B virus. Journal of Clinical Virology 25:2, 97-106
CrossRef482
Kathleen M. Tatti, Brent E. Korba, Heather L. Stang, Simon Peek, John L. Gerin, Bud C. Tennant, Raymond F. Schinazi. (2002) Mutations in the conserved woodchuck hepatitis virus polymerase FLLA and YMDD regions conferring resistance to lamivudine. Antiviral Research 55:1, 141-150
CrossRef483
Ching-Lung Lai, Man-Fung Yuen, Chee-Kin Hui, Silvia Garrido-Lestache, Charles Tze-Kin Cheng, Yim-Ping Lai. (2002) Comparison of the efficacy of lamivudine and famciclovir in Asian patients with chronic hepatitis B: Results of 24 weeks of therapy. Journal of Medical Virology 67:3, 334-338
CrossRef484
Mario Rizzetto, Alessandro R. Zanetti. (2002) Progress in the prevention and control of viral hepatitis type B: Closing remarks. Journal of Medical Virology 67:3, 463-466
CrossRef485
Alfredo Alberti, Maurizia Rossana Brunetto, Massimo Colombo, Antonio Crax
CrossRef486
PETER W ANGUS. (2002) Hepatitis B: Weighing the costs of treatment. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 17:7, 737-738
CrossRef487
Chiu-Ching Huang. (2002) Hepatitis infection in haemodialysis patients. Nephrology 7:3, 101-109
CrossRef488
Anastasia Rivkina, Sergey Rybalov. (2002) Chronic Hepatitis B: Current and Future Treatment Options. Pharmacotherapy 22:6, 721-737
CrossRef489
Jonas, Maureen M., Kelley, Deirdre A., Mizerski, Jacek, Badia, Isabel B., Areias, Jorge A., Schwarz, Kathleen B., Little, Nancy R., Greensmith, Martin J., Gardner, Stephen D., Bell, M. Steve, Sokal, Etienne M., . (2002) Clinical Trial of Lamivudine in Children with Chronic Hepatitis B. New England Journal of Medicine 346:22, 1706-1713
Full Text490
Jean-Michel Pawlotsky. (2002) Molecular diagnosis of viral hepatitis. Gastroenterology 122:6, 1554-1568
CrossRef491
Bernhard Zollner, Jorg Petersen, Peter Schafer, Matthias Schroter, Rainer Laufs, Martina Sterneck, Heinz‐Hubert Feucht. (2002) Subtype‐Dependent Response of Hepatitis B Virus during the Early Phase of Lamivudine Treatment. Clinical Infectious Diseases 34:9, 1273-1277
CrossRef492
K. M. Lee, S. W. Cho, S. W. Kim, H. J. Kim, K. B. Hahm, J. H. Kim. (2002) Effect of virological response on post-treatment durability of lamivudine-induced HBeAg seroconversion. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 9:3, 208-212
CrossRef493
Mario Rizzetto. (2002) Efficacy of lamivudine in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Medical Virology 66:4, 435-451
CrossRef494
LMM Wolters, BE Hansen, HGM Niesters, S Zeuzem, SW Schalm, Man. RA de, Lonieke M. M. Wolters, Bettina E. Hansen, Hubert G. M. Niesters, Stefan Zeuzem, Solko W. Schalm, Robert A. de Man. (2002) Viral dynamics in chronic hepatitis B patients during lamivudine therapy. Liver International 22:2, 121-126
CrossRef495
Motohiro Hamaguchi, Hironori Yamad, Hisashi Gondo, Yoshinobu Takemoto, Yasuo Morishima, Yoshihisa Kodera. (2002) Retrospective Study on the Impact of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus Infection on Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Japan. International Journal of Hematology 75:3, 324-331
CrossRef496
Cha Ze Lee, Guan Tarn Huang, Pei Ming Yang, Jin Chuan Sheu, Ming Yang Lai, Ding Shinn Chen. (2002) Correlation of HBV DNA levels in serum and liver of chronic hepatitis B patients with cirrhosis. Liver International 22:2, 130-135
CrossRef497
Paul D. Griffiths. (2002) Resistance in viruses other than HIV. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 6, S32-S37
CrossRef498
Etienne Sokal. (2002) Lamivudine for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 3:3, 329-339
CrossRef499
Mutsuko Ohnishi, Yoshinobu Kanda, Toshio Takeuchi, Sung Won Kim, Akiko Hori, Hironari Niiya, Aki Chizuka, Kunihisa Nakai, Takeshi Saito, Atsushi Makimoto, Ryuji Tanosaki, Takashi Watanabe, Yukio Kobayashi, Kensei Tobinai, Yoichi Takaue, Shin Mineishi. (2002) Limited efficacy of lamivudine against hepatitis B virus infection in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Transplantation 73:5, 812-815
CrossRef500
CHUTIMA PRAMOOLSINSUP. (2002) Management of viral hepatitis B. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 17, S125-S145
CrossRef501
Robert P. Perrillo. (2002) How will we use the new antiviral agents for hepatitis B?. Current Gastroenterology Reports 4:1, 63-71
CrossRef502
William E Delaney IV, Angeline Bartholomeusz, Stephen A Locarnini. (2002) Evolving therapies for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 11:2, 169-187
CrossRef503
Rafael Martinez, Eduardo Redondo-Cerezo, Flor Lopez, Maria Cabello Tapia. (2002) Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 34:2, 190
CrossRef504
STEVEN CROWLEY, DAVID TOGNARINI, PAUL DESMOND, MICHAEL LEES, GAURI SAAL. (2002) Introduction of lamivudine for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B: Expected clinical and economic outcomes based on 4-year clinical trial data. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 17:2, 153-164
CrossRef505
HAKAN SENTURK, FEHMI TABAK, MERAL AKDOGAN, LEVENT ERDEM, ALI MERT, RESAT OZARAS, ERSAN SANDER, GULSEN OZBAY, SELIM BADUR. (2002) Therapeutic vaccination in chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 17:1, 72-76
CrossRef506
Etienne Sokal. (2002) Drug Treatment of Pediatric Chronic Hepatitis B. Pediatric Drugs 4:6, 361-369
CrossRef507
Fabien Zoulim. (2002) A Preliminary Benefit-Risk Assessment of Lamivudine for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Drug Safety 25:7, 497-510
CrossRef508
S. Goyama, Y. Kanda, Y. Nannya, M. Kawazu, M. Takeshita, M. Niino, Y. Komeno, T. Nakamoto, M. Kurokawa, S. Tsujino, S. Ogawa, K. Aoki, S. Chiba, T. Motokura, Y. Shiratori, H. Hirai. (2002) Reverse Seroconversion of Hepatitis B Virus after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Leukemia & Lymphoma 43:11, 2159-2163
CrossRef509
Masatoshi FUJIWARA, Shyh-Yuh LIOU. (2002) Pharmacological and clinical profile of lamivudine(Zefix).. Folia Pharmacologica Japonica 120:1, 55-62
CrossRef510
Gail V. Matthews, Deenan Pillay, Patricia Cane, Daina Ratcliffe, Brian Gazzard, Mark Nelson. (2001) Failure of Combination Therapy with Lamivudine and Famciclovir following Lamivudine Monotherapy for Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Coinfected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus‐1. Clinical Infectious Diseases 33:12, 2049-2054
CrossRef511
Fabien Zoulim. (2001) Quantification and genotyping in management of chronic hepatitis B and C. Virus Research 82:1-2, 45-52
CrossRef512
George Webster, Antonio Bertoletti. (2001) Quantity and quality of virus-specific CD8 cell response: relevance to the design of a therapeutic vaccine for chronic HBV infection. Molecular Immunology 38:6, 467-473
CrossRef513
Bernhard Z
CrossRef514
Leonieke M. M. Wolters, Hubert G. M. Niesters, Robert A. de Man. (2001) Nucleoside analogues for chronic hepatitis B. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 13:12, 1499-1506
CrossRef515
Norah A. Terrault. (2001) Chronic hepatitis B. Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology 4:6, 493-502
CrossRef516
S. W. C. Tsang, H. L. Y. Chan, N. W. Y. Leung, T. N. Chau, S. T. Lai, F. K. L. Chan, J. J. Y. Sung. (2001) Lamivudine treatment for fulminant hepatic failure due to acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B infection. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 15:11, 1737-1744
CrossRef517
P. Merle, C. Trepo. (2001) Therapeutic management of hepatitis B-related cirrhosis. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 8:6, 391-399
CrossRef518
Man-Fung Yuen, Ching-Lung Lai. (2001) Treatment of chronic hepatitis B. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 1:4, 232-241
CrossRef519
A.B van Nunen, H.L.A Janssen, L.M.M Wolters, H.G.M Niesters, R.A de Man, S.W Schalm. (2001) Is combination therapy with lamivudine and interferon-alpha superior to monotherapy with either drug?. Antiviral Research 52:2, 139-146
CrossRef520
Marie-Anne Petit, Delphine Buffello-Le Guillou, Bruno Roche, Elizabeth Dussaix, Jean-Charles Duclos-Vall
CrossRef521
Bunyamin Dikici, Mehmet Bosnak, I. Hamdi Kara, Omer Dogru, Abdullah Dagli, Fuat Gürkan, Kenan Haspolat. (2001) Lamivudine and interferon-alpha combination treatment of childhood patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 20:10, 988-992
CrossRef522
Mindie H. Nguyen, Teresa L. Wright. (2001) Therapeutic advances in the management of hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 14:5, 593-601
CrossRef523
Chun-Jen Liu, Ming-Yang Lai, Po-Huang Lee, Nai-Kuan Chou, Shu-Hsun Chu, Pei-Jer Chen, Jia-Horng Kao, Yung-Ming Jen, Ding-Shinn Chen. (2001) Lamivudine treatment for hepatitis B reactivation in HBsAg carriers after organ transplantation: A 4-year experience. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 16:9, 1001-1008
CrossRef524
M. Lindh, C. Hannoun, P. Horal, K. Krogsgaard, . (2001) Virological response to interferon therapy of chronic hepatitis B as measured by a highly sensitive assay. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 8:5, 349-357
CrossRef525
Luo Xunrong, Au Wing Yan, Raymond Liang, George K. K. Lau. (2001) Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation after cytotoxic or immunosuppressive therapy ? pathogenesis and management. Reviews in Medical Virology 11:5, 287-299
CrossRef526
G. V. Papatheodoridis, S. J. Hadziyannis. (2001) Diagnosis and management of pre-core mutant chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 8:5, 311-321
CrossRef527
Max Arens. (2001) Clinically relevant sequence-based genotyping of HBV, HCV, CMV, and HIV. Journal of Clinical Virology 22:1, 11-29
CrossRef528
Mark V Galan, Stuart C Gordon, Douglas Boyce. (2001) Current pharmacotherapy for hepatitis B infection. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 2:8, 1289-1298
CrossRef529
Jonathan Hoare, Frank Henkler, Jason J. Dowling, William Errington, Robert D. Goldin, David Fish, Michael J. McGarvey. (2001) Subcellular localisation of the X protein in HBV infected hepatocytes. Journal of Medical Virology 64:4, 419-426
CrossRef530
M. Buti, M. Cotrina, R. Jardi, E. Cruz de Castro, F. Rodriguez-Frias, F. Sanchez-Avila, R. Esteban, J. Guardia. (2001) Two years of lamivudine therapy in anti-HBe-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 8:4, 270-275
CrossRef531
E. Herrero Mart
CrossRef532
C. Liatsos, A. B. Mehta, M. Potter, A. K. Burroughs. (2001) The hepatologist in the haematologists' camp. British Journal of Haematology 113:3, 567-578
CrossRef533
Anna S. Lok, E. Jenny Heathcote, Jay H. Hoofnagle. (2001) Management of hepatitis B: 2000—Summary of a workshop. Gastroenterology 120:7, 1828-1853
CrossRef534
Gupta, Samardeep, Piraka, Cyrus, Jaffe, Michele, . (2001) Lamivudine in the Treatment of Polyarteritis Nodosa Associated with Acute Hepatitis B. New England Journal of Medicine 344:21, 1645-1646
Full Text535
Debera Jane Thomas. (2001) Sexually Transmitted Viral Infections: Epidemiology and Treatment. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Neonatal Nursing 30:3, 316-323
CrossRef536
Helen N. C. Fu. (2001) Individualizing Care of Hepatitis B in Older Adults and Asians. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners 13:5, 215-222
CrossRef537
Rafael Amaro, Eugene R. Schiff. (2001) Viral hepatitis. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 17:3, 262-267
CrossRef538
Suzane Kioko Ono-Nita, Naoya Kato, Yasushi Shiratori, Masao Omata. (2001) Current options for the therapy of chronic hepatitis B infection. Current Infectious Disease Reports 3:2, 137-142
CrossRef539
Karl P Fischer, Klaus S Gutfreund, D.Lorne Tyrrell. (2001) Lamivudine resistance in hepatitis B: mechanisms and clinical implications. Drug Resistance Updates 4:2, 118-128
CrossRef540
Edward Doo, T. Jake Liang. (2001) Molecular anatomy and pathophysiologic implications of drug resistance in hepatitis B virus infection. Gastroenterology 120:4, 1000-1008
CrossRef541
Robert P. Perrillo. (2001) Acute flares in chronic hepatitis B: the natural and unnatural history of an immunologically mediated liver disease. Gastroenterology 120:4, 1009-1022
CrossRef542
Suzane Kioko Ono, Naoya Kato, Yasushi Shiratori, Jun Kato, Tadashi Goto, Raymond F. Schinazi, Flair José Carrilho, Masao Omata. (2001) The polymerase L528M mutation cooperates with nucleotide binding-site mutations, increasing hepatitis B virus replication and drug resistance. Journal of Clinical Investigation 107:4, 449-455
CrossRef543
Pietro Andreone, Sirio Fiorino, Carmela Cursaro, Annagiulia Gramenzi, Marzia Margotti, Loriana Di Giammarino, Maurizio Biselli, Rita Miniero, Giovanni Gasbarrini, Mauro Bernardi. (2001) Vitamin E as treatment for chronic hepatitis B: results of a randomized controlled pilot trial. Antiviral Research 49:2, 75-81
CrossRef544
Otto S. Lin, Emmet B. Keeffe. (2001) C
URRENT TREATMENT STRATEGIES FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS BAND C. Annual Review of Medicine 52:1, 29-49
CrossRef545
Martin Thyge Mellerup, Kim Krogsgaard, Christian Gluud, Martin Thyge Mellerup. 2001. Glucocorticosteroids for viral hepatitis B. .
CrossRef546
Blair Jarvis, Caroline M. Perry. (2001) Management of Chronic Hepatitis B. Disease Management and Health Outcomes 9:4, 215-234
CrossRef547
Krzysztof Tomasiewicz, Roma Modrzewska, Grazyna Krawczuk, Anna Lyczak. (2001) Lamivudine therapy for chronic hepatitis B virus infection and pregnancy: A case report. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 5:2, 115-116
CrossRef548
Philippe Merle, Christian Tr??po, Fabien Zoulim. (2001) Current Management Strategies for Hepatitis B in the Elderly. Drugs & Aging 18:10, 725-735
CrossRef549
Stuart C Gordon. (2001) Treatment of viral hepatitis - 2001. Annals of Medicine 33:6, 385-390
CrossRef550
Reshef, Ron, Sbeit, Wisam, , Tur-Kaspa, Ran, . (2000) Lamivudine in the Treatment of Acute Hepatitis B. New England Journal of Medicine 343:15, 1123-1124
Full Text551
Geoffrey C. Farrell. (2000) Clinical Potential of Emerging New Agents in Hepatitis B. Drugs 60:4, 701-710
CrossRef552
Nurten Kocak, Hasan Ozen, Inci Nur Saltik, Figen Gurakan, Aysel Yuce. (2000) Lamivudine for children with chronic hepatitis B. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 95:10, 2989-2990
CrossRef553
Mark Wright, Janice Main. (2000) The prevention and management of viral hepatitis. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 13:5, 489-494
CrossRef554
D. Neau, E. Schvoerer, D. Robert, F. Dubois, H. Dutronc, H.J.A. Fleury, J.M. Ragnaud. (2000) Hepatitis B Exacerbation with a Precore Mutant Virus Following Withdrawal of Lamivudine in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Patient. Journal of Infection 41:2, 192-194
CrossRef555
Alex S. Befeler, Adrian M. Di Bisceglie. (2000) HEPATITIS B. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 14:3, 617-632
CrossRef556
Norah A. Terrault. (2000) Combined Interferon and Lamivudine Therapy: Is This The Treatment of Choice for Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection?. Hepatology 32:3, 675-677
CrossRef557
Sanjay Ramrakhiani, Bruce R. Bacon. (2000) HEPATOLOGY IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM. Medical Clinics of North America 84:5, 1085-1105
CrossRef558
Daniel A. Carrasco, Catherine Newman, Stephen K. Tyring. (2000) Treatment of viral hepatitis. Dermatologic Therapy 13:3, 318-325
CrossRef559
Michael A. Poles, Douglas T. Dieterich. (2000) INFECTIONS OF THE LIVER IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 14:3, 741-759
CrossRef560
Eugene R. Schiff. (2000) Lamivudine for hepatitis B in clinical practice. Journal of Medical Virology 61:3, 386-391
CrossRef561
Ching Lung Lai, Man Fung Yuen. (2000) Profound suppression of hepatitis B virus replication with lamivudine. Journal of Medical Virology 61:3, 367-373
CrossRef562
Geoffrey Farrell. (2000) Hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion: Effects of lamivudine alone or in combination with interferon alpha. Journal of Medical Virology 61:3, 374-379
CrossRef563
Nancy Leung. (2000) Liver disease?Significant improvement with lamivudine. Journal of Medical Virology 61:3, 380-385
CrossRef564
Claudio Zavaglia, Aldo Airoldi, Giovambattista Pinzello. (2000) Antiviral Therapy of HBV- and HCV-induced Liver Cirrhosis. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 30:3, 234-241
CrossRef565
(2000) Lamivudine for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B. New England Journal of Medicine 342:8, 592-592
Full Text566
&NA;. (2000) Lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B. Drugs & Therapy Perspectives 15:4, 1-5
CrossRef567
Joseph Torresi, Stephen Locarnini. (2000) Antiviral chemotherapy for the treatment of hepatitis b virus infections. Gastroenterology 118:2, S83-S103
CrossRef568
Tiffany Weakley, K. Rajender Reddy. (1999) Hepatitis B. Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology 2:6, 463-472
CrossRef
- Letters
