Original Article
A Comparison of Omeprazole with Ranitidine for Ulcers Associated with Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs
N Engl J Med 1998; 338:719-726March 12, 1998
- Abstract
Background
Suppressing acid secretion is thought to reduce the risk of ulcers associated with regular use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but the best means of accomplishing this is uncertain.
Methods
We studied 541 patients who required continuous treatment with NSAIDs and who had ulcers or more than 10 erosions in either the stomach or duodenum. Patients were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with omeprazole, 20 mg or 40 mg orally per day, or ranitidine, 150 mg orally twice a day, for four or eight weeks, depending on when treatment was successful (defined as the resolution of ulcer and the presence of fewer than five erosions in the stomach and fewer than five erosions in the duodenum, and not more than mild dyspepsia). We randomly assigned 432 patients in whom treatment was successful to maintenance treatment with either 20 mg of omeprazole per day or 150 mg of ranitidine twice a day for six months.
Results
At eight weeks, treatment was successful in 80 percent (140 of 174) of the patients in the group given 20 mg of omeprazole per day, 79 percent (148 of 187) of those given 40 mg of omeprazole per day, and 63 percent (110 of 174) of those given ranitidine (P<0.001 for the comparison with 20 mg of omeprazole and P = 0.001 for the comparison with 40 mg of omeprazole). The rates of healing of all types of lesions were higher with omeprazole than with ranitidine. During maintenance therapy, the estimated proportion of patients in remission at the end of six months was 72 percent in the omeprazole group and 59 percent in the ranitidine group. The rates of adverse events were similar between groups during both phases. Both medications were well tolerated.
Conclusions
In patients who use NSAIDs regularly, omeprazole healed and prevented ulcers more effectively than did ranitidine.
Media in This Article
Figure 2
Estimated Rates of Remission among Patients Treated with 20 mg of Omeprazole Daily or 150 mg of Ranitidine Twice Daily for up to 26 Weeks.Figure 1
Cumulative Rates of Healing of Gastric Ulcers, Duodenal Ulcers, and Erosions at Four and Eight Weeks during Treatment with 20 mg of Omeprazole Daily, 40 mg of Omeprazole Daily, or 150 mg of Ranitidine Twice Daily.Article Activity
- Article
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to treat pain and inflammation.1 Their use is frequently limited by gastrointestinal side effects, ranging from dyspeptic symptoms to life-threatening bleeding or perforation of gastroduodenal ulcers,2-4 especially in the elderly.4
NSAIDs are thought to cause mucosal injury by several mechanisms.5 Some have a direct toxic action on the gastric mucosa that is exacerbated by acidity, since acidity promotes the absorption of NSAIDs in their non-ionized form.6 They also impair prostaglandin-dependent mucosal protective mechanisms. When the surface cells have been damaged by either of these mechanisms, a second wave of injury mediated by luminal acid often occurs and generates deeper ulcerative lesions.7 Prior approaches to preventing the side effects of NSAIDs have included treatment with histamine H2-receptor antagonists to inhibit acid secretion and the administration of prostaglandin analogues to replace the depleted endogenous prostaglandins. However, H2-receptor antagonists are not very effective for healing or preventing NSAID-associated gastric ulcers during continued therapy with NSAIDs, although they speed healing8 and help prevent duodenal ulcers.8-10 The use of prostaglandin analogues such as misoprostol is limited by gastrointestinal side effects such as diarrhea and abdominal cramps.11
In short-term studies, the proton-pump inhibitor omeprazole prevented aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage and lesions.12,13 Omeprazole heals ulcers effectively and is equally efficacious for gastric or duodenal ulcers in the presence or absence of NSAID treatment.14,15 We compared the efficacy of omeprazole and ranitidine in patients with gastroduodenal ulcers and erosions associated with continuous NSAID therapy.
Methods
Study Design and Recruitment
The study, conducted between August 1992 and April 1995, was an international double-blind, randomized evaluation of omeprazole and ranitidine for healing and preventing gastroduodenal lesions in patients receiving long-term treatment with NSAIDs. The study was conducted in 73 centers in 15 countries, in accordance with the principles of good clinical practice16 and the Declaration of Helsinki (Tokyo amendments).
The study had two phases: a healing phase and a maintenance phase.
Healing Phase
Patients of either sex, 18 to 85 years of age, who had any condition requiring continuous therapy with NSAIDs above specified therapeutic doses (no maximal dose), and not more than 10 mg of prednisolone or its equivalent per day, were recruited. The minimal (and mean) daily oral doses of the commonly used NSAIDs were as follows: 50 mg (113 mg) of diclofenac, 50 mg (111 mg) of indomethacin, and 500 mg (775 mg) of naproxen. The patients underwent endoscopy, and those found to have any or all of the following were invited to enter the study: ulcers that were 3 mm or more in diameter, more than 10 erosions in the stomach, and more than 10 erosions in the duodenum. Erosions were assessed with the modified Lanza scale.9,10 Major exclusion criteria were neck instability that would compromise endoscopy, concurrent erosive or ulcerative esophagitis, pyloric stenosis, major active gastrointestinal bleeding, or disorders that might modify the absorption of study drugs.
All patients provided written informed consent. They were randomly assigned (in blocks of three per site) to receive oral double-blind treatment with 20 mg of omeprazole (Losec, Astra Hässle, Mölndal, Sweden) per day, 40 mg of omeprazole per day, or 150 mg of ranitidine (Zantac, Glaxo Wellcome, Research Triangle Park, N.C.) twice daily for four or eight weeks, depending on when treatment was successful. Treatment success was defined in advance as the disappearance of ulcer and the presence of fewer than five erosions in the stomach, fewer than five erosions in the duodenum, and not more than mild dyspeptic symptoms. Patients in whom treatment remained unsuccessful after eight weeks received 40 mg of omeprazole per day for a further four or eight weeks. The patients visited the clinic monthly and continued to take NSAIDs throughout the study.
Maintenance Phase
Patients in whom treatment was successful in the healing phase were eligible for the maintenance phase if they used therapeutic doses of NSAIDs at least five days per week, had no concurrent erosive or ulcerative reflux esophagitis, and had no abnormalities in the laboratory tests regarded as clinically important by the investigator. The patients were randomly assigned (in blocks of two per site) to treatment with either 20 mg of omeprazole per day or 150 mg of ranitidine twice daily for six months. They were evaluated after one, three, and six months and if they had troublesome dyspeptic symptoms or adverse events. Treatment failure, specified in advance, during the maintenance phase was defined as a finding of any of the following: gastric or duodenal ulcer, more than 10 erosions in the stomach, more than 10 erosions in the duodenum, moderate or severe symptoms of dyspepsia, or adverse events resulting in the discontinuation of treatment. When a patient withdrew from the study, both randomized treatment and assessment of its effectiveness ceased.
Clinical and Laboratory Assessments
At all visits, the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum were examined endoscopically for erosions or ulcers and biopsy specimens were obtained from gastric ulcers to rule out malignant conditions. Antral-biopsy specimens were obtained at the beginning of the healing phase to evaluate the patients' Helicobacter pylori status with the urease enzyme test (CLO test, Delta West, Bentley, Australia). Patients infected with H. pylori were not treated for the infection, because there was no evidence that this benefited them17,18 and because H. pylori–stimulated mucosal synthesis of prostaglandin has been suggested to be beneficial for NSAID-associated ulcers.19
Patients were asked standardized questions about their overall upper gastrointestinal symptoms and dyspeptic symptoms (epigastric or abdominal pain, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, upper abdominal bloating, and empty feeling in stomach) during the preceding seven days. Their overall symptoms and individual symptoms were graded as absent, mild (easily tolerated), moderate (interfering with normal activities), or severe (incapacitating; leaving the patient unable to perform normal activities). Safety assessments were based on the reported symptoms, adverse events, and the results of standard blood screening. We assessed compliance by measuring the amount of medication that was returned.
Statistical Analysis
We compared the rates of successful treatment in all patients who received at least one dose of medication using a Mantel–Haenszel life-table test combining data at four and eight weeks. We also calculated the rates of healing of gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and erosions separately and compared the rates between treatment groups using the Mantel–Haenszel test. A logistic-regression analysis of prognostic factors that may have influenced the success of treatment at four weeks included treatment, site and type of lesion, ulcer size, H. pylori status at entry, blood group, type of arthritic disease, smoking status, age, and sex. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms were analyzed by Wilcoxon's test, with stratification according to severity at enrollment.
The length of time to treatment failure in the maintenance phase was compared between treatment groups with remission curves estimated by Kaplan–Meier life-table analysis and the log-rank test. To evaluate possible prognostic factors, a Cox regression model was used with the duration of remission as the dependent variable.
The study was designed to have a power of at least 80 percent for two-sided tests at the 1.7 percent level of significance in the healing phase (with the Bonferroni adjustment for the three pairwise comparisons) and at the 5 percent level in the maintenance phase. The primary efficacy analysis used an intention-to-treat approach that included all patients meeting major entry criteria who had taken at least one dose of medication. The safety analysis included all patients who received at least one dose of medication and for whom there were safety data, regardless of whether they met the entry criteria for the trial. For these reasons there were small differences in the numbers of patients included in the efficacy and safety analyses. No interim analyses were conducted. For cases in which data censoring arising from the use of the life-table approach to data analysis prevented valid statistical comparisons, P values are not presented.
Results
Characteristics of the Patients
Healing Phase
Of 541 patients randomly assigned to treatment, 535 were included in the efficacy analysis according to treatment actually received (174 received 20 mg of omeprazole per day, 187 received 40 mg of omeprazole per day, and 174 received 150 mg of ranitidine twice daily). Three patients who received no trial drug, one patient who did not receive an NSAID, one whose NSAID dosage was below the required threshold, and one in whom inflammation was not verifiable were not evaluated. Demographic characteristics, endoscopic findings, H. pylori status, and the various underlying arthritic diseases requiring treatment with NSAIDs were similar at base line among the three groups (Table 1Table 1
Base-Line Characteristics of the Patients Included in the Efficacy Analysis.). The most commonly used NSAIDs in the group as a whole were diclofenac (29 percent of patients), indomethacin (23 percent), and naproxen (16 percent). Most patients had rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis.Maintenance Phase
At the end of the healing phase, 432 patients were enrolled in the maintenance phase after randomization, of whom 425 patients were included in the efficacy analysis according to treatment received. Seven patients could not be evaluated: six because they declined to continue in the study, and one because of noncompliance with the NSAID regimen. The patients had similar base-line characteristics (Table 1) and were well balanced with respect to treatment received during the healing phase (data not shown).
Clinical Efficacy
Healing Phase
At eight weeks, treatment was successful in 80 percent (140 of 174) of the patients in the group given 20 mg of omeprazole, 79 percent (148 of 187) of those given 40 mg of omeprazole, and 63 percent (110 of 174) of those given ranitidine (P<0.001 for the comparison with 20 mg of omeprazole and P = 0.001 for the comparison with 40 mg of omeprazole). The success rates were similar when all 541 patients were analyzed according to the treatment assigned.
The rates of healing of all types of lesions were higher in patients treated with 20 mg or 40 mg of omeprazole than in those treated with ranitidine (Figure 1Figure 1
Cumulative Rates of Healing of Gastric Ulcers, Duodenal Ulcers, and Erosions at Four and Eight Weeks during Treatment with 20 mg of Omeprazole Daily, 40 mg of Omeprazole Daily, or 150 mg of Ranitidine Twice Daily.). The rates of gastric-ulcer healing during the eight-week period were significantly higher with 20 mg of omeprazole (84 percent, P<0.001) and 40 mg of omeprazole (87 percent, P<0.001) than with ranitidine (64 percent). When the data were analyzed to include patients with concurrent duodenal ulcers initially, the respective values were 81 percent (62 of 77 patients), 86 percent (62 of 72), and 64 percent (48 of 75). The rates of healing of duodenal ulcers were also higher with 20 mg of omeprazole (92 percent, P = 0.03) and 40 mg of omeprazole (88 percent, P = 0.17) than with ranitidine (81 percent). When the data were analyzed to include patients with concurrent gastric ulcers initially, the respective values were 93 percent (40 of 43), 87 percent (41 of 47), and 79 percent (37 of 47). The rates of healing of erosions were also higher with 20 mg of omeprazole (89 percent, P = 0.008) and 40 mg of omeprazole (86 percent, P = 0.19) than with ranitidine (77 percent). There were no significant differences between the two doses of omeprazole for the three types of lesions. The number of patients in whom treatment was not successful after eight weeks as judged by the persistence of moderate-to-severe symptoms was low: none in the group given 20 mg of omeprazole, one in the group given 40 mg of omeprazole, and two in the ranitidine group. The major reasons for treatment failure were therefore lack of healing of ulcers or erosions.Most patients obtained relief from upper gastrointestinal symptoms within the first four weeks of either treatment. However, the percentage of patients with improvement of overall symptoms at four weeks was significantly greater in the group given 20 mg of omeprazole than in the group given ranitidine (P = 0.04 by Wilcoxon's test). Only 6 percent of those treated with 20 mg of omeprazole had moderate-to-severe symptoms at four weeks, as compared with 52 percent at base line, whereas 12 percent of those treated with ranitidine had such symptoms, as compared with 50 percent at base line. By eight weeks, most patients had mild symptoms or were free of symptoms, and the differences between the groups were not significant.
Maintenance Phase
During the maintenance phase, patients treated with 20 mg of omeprazole were in remission (defined as the absence of a relapse of lesions, dyspeptic symptoms, and adverse events leading to the discontinuation of treatment) significantly longer than those treated with ranitidine (P = 0.004 by the log-rank test). The estimated proportion of patients in remission at the end of six months was 72 percent in the omeprazole group and 59 percent in the ranitidine group (Figure 2Figure 2
Estimated Rates of Remission among Patients Treated with 20 mg of Omeprazole Daily or 150 mg of Ranitidine Twice Daily for up to 26 Weeks.).All categories of relapse were more common with ranitidine than with omeprazole. Gastric ulcers recurred in 5.2 percent of the patients treated with omeprazole (11 of 210), as compared with 16.3 percent (35 of 215) of those treated with ranitidine. The respective proportions with a recurrence of duodenal ulcers were 0.5 percent (1 of 210 patients) and 4.2 percent (9 of 215) and with erosions only, 5.7 percent (12 of 210) and 7.0 percent (15 of 215).
Prognostic Factors
Healing Phase
The factors associated with a significantly greater likelihood of successful treatment in the healing phase were treatment with 20 mg of omeprazole (P = 0.04 for the comparison with ranitidine), the presence of duodenal ulcers or erosions (both P<0.001 for the comparison with gastric ulcers), female sex ( P= 0.04 for the comparison with male sex), and H. pylori–positive status (P = 0.05 for the comparison with negative status). At eight weeks the respective rates of successful treatment among H. pylori–positive patients and H. pylori–negative patients were 83 percent (69 of 83 patients) and 75 percent (58 of 77) in the group given 20 mg of omeprazole, 82 percent (75 of 91) and 71 percent (54 of 76) in the group given 40 mg of omeprazole, and 72 percent (52 of 72) and 55 percent (47 of 86) in the ranitidine group.
Maintenance Phase
In the maintenance phase, treatment with 20 mg of omeprazole and a positive test for H. pylori were both associated with a significantly greater likelihood of remaining in remission. The estimated proportions of H. pylori–positive patients and H. pylori–negative patients who remained in remission at six months were 79 percent and 60 percent, respectively, in the group given 20 mg of omeprazole and 66 percent and 53 percent, respectively, in the ranitidine group. An analysis that included only patients with ulcers showed that those with smaller ulcers at the initial endoscopy had a significantly higher probability of successful treatment in the healing phase (P = 0.003) and of continued remission during the maintenance phase (P = 0.008) than those with larger ulcers. For this analysis, ulcer size was used as a continuous variable.
Safety
Unfavorable changes in any laboratory variable regarded by the investigator as clinically relevant were classified as adverse events. Data on 533 patients in the healing phase were available for the evaluation of adverse events. The overall rates were high: 30 percent in the group given 20 mg of omeprazole, 38 percent in the group given 40 mg of omeprazole, and 40 percent in the ranitidine group. In part this may reflect the fact that most of the patients had chronic arthritis.
Data on 426 patients in the maintenance phase were available for the evaluation of adverse events. The mean duration of exposure to the study drug was longer in the omeprazole group than the ranitidine group (151 days vs. 131 days). The frequencies of adverse events were similar in the omeprazole group (64 percent) and the ranitidine group (58 percent), despite the longer duration of exposure to the study drug in the omeprazole group. The six most common adverse events in each phase of the study are summarized in Table 2Table 2
Incidence of Moderate-to-Severe Adverse Events in All Patients and Reasons for Discontinuation of Treatment and Follow-up in Patients Included in the Efficacy Analysis., along with the proportions of patients who discontinued the study because of adverse events or for other reasons. A bleeding duodenal ulcer developed in one patient after 10 days of maintenance treatment with omeprazole. The patient was hospitalized and treated with 20 mg of omeprazole twice daily orally and 2 units of blood, and the bleeding stopped.Discussion
When peptic ulcers develop in patients taking NSAIDs, the preferred approach is to stop the NSAID when possible.20 Ulcers heal slowly during treatment with H2-receptor antagonists when NSAIDs are continued and more quickly when they are stopped.8,14,21 However, stopping the NSAID therapy may exacerbate the underlying arthritis. We compared the abilities of omeprazole and ranitidine to heal and prevent NSAID-associated gastroduodenal lesions in patients receiving continuous NSAID therapy. Because we studied patients with lesions at base line, who are at higher risk for ulceration than patients without lesions,22 our study is relevant to clinical situations in which ulcer prophylaxis would be considered. Omeprazole has also been shown to be effective in placebo-controlled trials in preventing ulcers in patients who are taking NSAIDs but who are at lower risk for ulceration.23,24
The main end point for the healing phase was successful treatment, defined as complete healing of ulcers, the disappearance of erosions or a marked reduction in the number of erosions, and the presence of no more than minimal symptoms of dyspepsia. Treatment failure in the maintenance phase was defined as reappearance of these features or the discontinuation of treatment due to adverse events. We chose these end points before the study began because we believed that patients would consider success in all these areas to be the most desirable outcome. These goals were more demanding than those in most previous studies,8-11,14,15,22-25 especially since the primary assessment was based on all patients treated. Nevertheless, treatment was successful in 80 percent of the patients given 20 mg of omeprazole daily for eight weeks in the healing phase, and this treatment was clearly superior to 150 mg of ranitidine twice daily. The rates of healing of gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, and erosions were all better with either 20 mg or 40 mg of omeprazole than with ranitidine. Use of the higher dose of omeprazole provided no obvious advantage overall (rate of successful treatment, 79 percent).
Our study was not designed to investigate complications of ulcers, since very large numbers of patients would be required to yield significant results. A bleeding duodenal ulcer developed in one patient after 10 days of maintenance treatment with omeprazole. In the whole program, including the study reported by Hawkey et al.26 in the next article in this issue as well as an assessment of prophylaxis among patients who were initially free of ulcers,24 only 1 of 654 patients who were taking 20 mg of omeprazole and 2 of 331 patients who were taking placebo had such complications.
In previous studies, the use of standard doses of H2-receptor antagonists has been disappointing with respect to preventing NSAID-associated ulcers. A 400-mg dose of cimetidine each night for 10 months was ineffective.25 Two large placebo-controlled trials of ranitidine showed a substantial reduction in the incidence of duodenal ulcers during NSAID treatment, but no effect on gastric ulcers.9,10 This is a problem, since most ulcers that develop during NSAID treatment are gastric,27-29 as we also found. A large, prospective evaluation showed that therapy with H2-receptor antagonists does not reduce the risk of ulcer complications in NSAID users.30 Findings such as these led to the conclusion that NSAID-associated gastric ulcers are not caused by acid.31 However, our findings challenge this view. The rate of continued remission was significantly higher with omeprazole than with ranitidine, presumably because of the greater inhibition of acid induced by omeprazole.32 In keeping with the view that acid suppression is required to prevent NSAID-associated gastric damage, Taha et al. recently showed that high-dose famotidine (40 mg twice daily) gave better protection against NSAID-associated gastric ulcer than the standard dose (20 mg twice daily) or placebo.28 Although our study did not include a placebo group, three other recent trials showed substantial reduction in the incidence of NSAID-associated gastroduodenal ulcer in patients treated with 20 mg of omeprazole as compared with placebo for three or six months.23,24,26
The analysis of prognostic factors showed that treatment was more likely to be successful in patients with smaller ulcers at the initial endoscopy. This was no surprise, since ulcer size has often been noted to affect the healing rate, with larger ulcers healing more slowly,33 but we did not expect those with larger ulcers initially to be more likely to relapse during the maintenance phase. This finding should be added to the list of risk factors that may be clinically useful when one is deciding whether to recommend preventive therapy in patients who are receiving NSAIDs.
There is disagreement whether H. pylori infection increases the risks associated with NSAIDs.34,35 Although it would seem logical to remove all potentially ulcerogenic factors, when the study started we were aware of data showing that H. pylori could abrogate NSAID-associated reductions in gastric mucosal synthesis of prostaglandins19 and that H. pylori status did not influence the risk of NSAID-associated bleeding ulcers.17,18 We therefore decided not to eradicate H. pylori. We found higher rates of success in H. pylori–positive patients than in those who were negative for H. pylori during both phases of the study regardless of treatment assignment. We studied a selected group of patients, and proving that H. pylori infection is beneficial to NSAID users would require a formal randomized study.
In conclusion, in patients taking NSAIDs daily, we found that treatment with 20 mg of omeprazole daily is superior to ranitidine with respect to healing and preventing gastroduodenal ulcers and erosions, as well as controlling dyspeptic symptoms.
Supported by Astra Hässle, Mölndal, Sweden.
Dr. Yeomans serves as a consultant for Searle Australia.
We are indebted to Dr. M. Frame for valuable help with the drafting and editing of the manuscript, to all study personnel who took part at each clinic, and to all those who were involved in packing the study drugs, monitoring the study, and processing the data.
Source Information
From the Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Western Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (N.D.Y.); the Second Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary (Z.T.); the Second Department of Medicine, Borsod County Teaching Hospital, Miskolc, Hungary (L.J.); the First Department of Medicine, Petz Aladár Teaching County Hospital, Gyor, Hungary (I.R.); the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences, London, Ont., Canada (J.M.H.); the Department of Gastroenterology, Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, South Africa (C.J.R.); and the Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, City Hospital (A.J.S.), and the Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospital (C.J.H.), Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Yeomans at the Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Western Hospital, Footscray, Victoria 3011, Australia.
Other members of the ASTRONAUT Study Group are listed in the Appendix.
Appendix
The following persons participated in the ASTRONAUT Study: Steering committee — N. Yeomans, A. Swannell, C. Hawkey, S. Eriksson, A. Walan; Coordinating group — M. Bjersing, I. Florén, K. Gillon, M. Jallinder, G. Långström, J. Lindfeldt, J. Naesdal, K. Rutgersson, I. Wilson; Belgium — M. Cremer, M. De Vos; Canada — M. Oravec, R. Beaudry, P. Paré, D. Lloyd, G. Michaud, A. Farley, K. MacCannell, R. Rossman, J. Wright, L. Scholar, P. Gagnon, N. Chiba, I. Dan Dattani, B. Haraoui; Czech Republic — V. Liskovcova, D. Bastecka, P. Bradna, K. Sirova, J. Vachtenheim; Denmark — K. Lauritsen, J. Andersen, J. Rask Madsen; Ireland — J. Crowe, N. Keeling, P. O'Connell, M. Molloy; Finland — S. Kyrönpalo-Kauppinen, T. Jääskeläinen, P. Hannonen, R. Luukkainen, P. Järvinen, E. Jukka, P. Nuotio, T. Koivisto, P. Franzen, T. Tuomiranta, P. Saloranta; France — M. Bigard, D. Goldfain, G. Coulanjon, E. Dorval; Germany — M. Wagner, W. Tenbieg, W. Kriegel; Iceland — B. Thjodleifsson, S. Björnsson, A. Theodors; Norway — E. Kittang, E. Lind, D. Malm, R. Breckan, H. Waldum; Slovak Republic — I. Rybar; South Africa — A. Simje, J. Louw, S. Spies; United Kingdom — O. Epstein, C. Moran, M. Davis, D. Fine, P. Mills, W. Burnham, D. Foster, A. Collins, A. Wade, P. Prouse, J. Mathews.
- References
References
1
Paakkari H . Epidemiological and financial aspects of the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics. Pharmacol Toxicol 1994;75:Suppl 2:56-59
CrossRef | Medline2
Larkai EN ,Smith JL ,Lidsky MD ,Graham DY . Gastroduodenal mucosa and dyspeptic symptoms in arthritic patients during chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use. Am J Gastroenterol 1987;82:1153-1158
Web of Science | Medline3
Giercksky KE ,Huseby G ,Rugstad HE . Epidemiology of NSAID-related gastrointestinal side effects. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1989;163:3-8
CrossRef | Medline4
Walt R ,Katschinski B ,Logan R ,Ashley J ,Langman M . Rising frequency of ulcer perforation in elderly people in the United Kingdom. Lancet 1986;1:489-492
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline5
Ivey KJ . Mechanisms of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastric damage: actions of therapeutic agents. Am J Med 1988;84:Suppl 2A:41-48
CrossRef | Medline6
Hogben CAM ,Schanker LS ,Tocco DJ ,Brodie BB . Absorption of drugs from the stomach. II. The human. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1957;120:540-545
Web of Science | Medline7
Elliott SL ,Ferris RJ ,Giraud AS ,Cook GA ,Skeljo MV ,Yeomans ND . Indomethacin damage to rat gastric mucosa is markedly dependent on luminal pH. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1996;23:432-434
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline8
Lancaster-Smith MJ ,Jaderberg ME ,Jackson DA . Ranitidine in the treatment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug associated gastric and duodenal ulcers. Gut 1991;32:252-255
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline9
Ehsanullah RS ,Page MC ,Tildesley G ,Wood JR . Prevention of gastroduodenal damage induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: controlled trial of ranitidine. BMJ 1988;297:1017-1021
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline10
Robinson MG ,Griffin JW Jr ,Bowers J , et al. Effect of ranitidine on gastroduodenal mucosal damage induced by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Dig Dis Sci 1989;34:424-428
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline11
Graham DY ,Agrawal NM ,Roth SH . Prevention of NSAID-induced gastric ulcer with misoprostol: multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 1988;2:1277-1280
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline12
Daneshmend TK ,Stein AG ,Bhaskar NK ,Hawkey CJ . Abolition by omeprazole of aspirin induced gastric mucosal injury in man. Gut 1990;31:514-517
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline13
Scheiman JM ,Behler EM ,Loeffler KM ,Elta GH . Omeprazole ameliorates aspirin-induced gastroduodenal injury. Dig Dis Sci 1994;39:97-103
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline14
Walan A ,Bader J-P ,Classen M , et al. Effect of omeprazole and ranitidine on ulcer healing and relapse rates in patients with benign gastric ulcer. N Engl J Med 1989;320:69-75
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline15
Lauritsen K ,Rutgersson K ,Bolling E , et al. Omeprazole 20 or 40 mg daily for healing of duodenal ulcer? A double-blind comparative study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1992;4:995-1000
Web of Science16
EEC note for guidance: good clinical practice for trials on medicinal products in the European communityPharmacol Toxicol 1990;67:361-372
CrossRef | Medline17
Cullen DJ ,Hawkey GM ,Humphries H , et al. Role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and Helicobacter pylori in bleeding peptic ulcer. Gastroenterology 1994;106:Suppl:A66-A66 abstract.18
Cullen DJ ,Hawkey GM ,Greenwood DC , et al. Peptic ulcer bleeding in the elderly: relative roles of Helicobacter pylori and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Gut 1997;41:459-462
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline19
Hudson N ,Balsitis M ,Filipowicz F ,Hawkey CJ . Effect of Helicobacter pylori colonisation on gastric mucosal eicosanoid synthesis in patients taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Gut 1993;34:748-751
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline20
Soll AH . Medical treatment of peptic ulcer disease: practice guidelines: Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology. JAMA 1996;275:622-629
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline21
Langman MJ ,Brooks P ,Hawkey CJ ,Silverstein F ,Yeomans ND . Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug associated ulcer: epidemiology, causation and treatment. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1991;6:442-449
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline22
Hudson N ,Taha AS ,Russell RI , et al. Famotidine for healing and maintenance in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-associated gastroduodenal ulceration. Gastroenterology 1997;112:1817-1822
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline23
Ekstrom P ,Carling L ,Wetterhus S , et al. Prevention of peptic ulcer and dyspeptic symptoms with omeprazole in patients receiving continuous non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy: a Nordic multicentre study. Scand J Gastroenterol 1996;31:753-758
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline24
Cullen D, Bardhan KD, Eisner M, et al. Primary gastroduodenal prophylaxis with omeprazole for NSAID users. Aliment Pharmacol Ther (in press).
25
Roth SH ,Bennett RE ,Mitchell CS ,Hartman RJ . Cimetidine therapy in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug gastropathy: double-blind long-term evaluation. Arch Intern Med 1987;147:1798-1801
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline26
Hawkey CJ ,Karrasch JA ,Szczepanski L , et al. Omeprazole compared with misoprostol for ulcers associated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. N Engl J Med 1998;338:727-734
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline27
Elliott SL ,Yeomans ND ,Buchanan RR ,Smallwood RA . Efficacy of 12 months' misoprostol as prophylaxis against NSAID-induced gastric ulcers: a placebo-controlled trial. Scand J Rheumatol 1994;23:171-176
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline28
Taha AS ,Hudson N ,Hawkey CJ , et al. Famotidine for the prevention of gastric and duodenal ulcers caused by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. N Engl J Med 1996;334:1435-1439
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline29
Taha AS ,Capell HA ,Sturrock RD ,Russell RI . Nonsteroidal peptic damage in rheumatoid patients receiving second-line drugs. Am J Gastroenterol 1991;86:1588-1591
Web of Science | Medline30
Singh G ,Ramey DR ,Morfeld D ,Shi H ,Hatoum HT ,Fries JF . Gastrointestinal tract complications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment in rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective observational cohort study. Arch Intern Med 1996;156:1530-1536
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline31
Dajani EZ ,Agrawal NM . Prevention of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastroduodenal ulcers: role of mucosal protective and gastric antisecretory drugs. Dig Dis 1995;13:Suppl 1:48-61
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline32
Jones DB ,Howden CW ,Burget DW ,Kerr GD ,Hunt RH . Acid suppression in duodenal ulcer: a meta-analysis to define optimal dosing with antisecretory drugs. Gut 1987;28:1120-1127
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline33
Reynolds JC . Famotidine therapy for active duodenal ulcers: a multivariate analysis of factors affecting early healing. Ann Intern Med 1989;111:7-14
Web of Science | Medline34
Graham DY ,Lidsky MD ,Cox AM , et al. Long-term nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use and Helicobacter pylori infection. Gastroenterology 1991;100:1653-1657
Web of Science | Medline35
NIH Consensus Development Panel on Helicobacter pylori in Peptic Ulcer Disease
CrossRef | Web of Science
- Citing Articles (294)
Citing Articles
1
Philip G. Conaghan. (2011) A turbulent decade for NSAIDs: update on current concepts of classification, epidemiology, comparative efficacy, and toxicity. Rheumatology International
CrossRef2
John L. Wallace, Stephanie Syer, Emmanuel Denou, Giada de Palma, Linda Vong, Webb McKnight, Jennifer Jury, Manlio Bolla, Premysl Bercik, Stephen M. Collins, Elena Verdu, Ennio Ongini. (2011) Proton Pump Inhibitors Exacerbate NSAID-Induced Small Intestinal Injury by Inducing Dysbiosis. Gastroenterology 141:4, 1314-1322.e5
CrossRef3
Paola Patrignani, Stefania Tacconelli, Annalisa Bruno, Carlos Sostres, Angel Lanas. (2011) Managing the adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology 4:5, 605-621
CrossRef4
, Hideki Origasa, Shinya Goto, Kazuyuki Shimada, Shinichiro Uchiyama, Yasushi Okada, Kentaro Sugano, Hideyuki Hiraishi, Naomi Uemura, Yasuo Ikeda. (2011) Prospective Cohort Study of Gastrointestinal Complications and Vascular Diseases in Patients Taking Aspirin: Rationale and Design of the MAGIC Study. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy
CrossRef5
John L. Wallace. (2011) NSAID Gastropathy and Enteropathy: Distinct Pathogenesis Likely Necessitates Distinct Prevention Strategies. British Journal of Pharmacologyno-no
CrossRef6
Christian Roux. (2011) Ostéoporose et inhibiteurs de pompe à protons. Revue du Rhumatisme Monographies 78:2, 98-100
CrossRef7
Praveen Sharma, T. Prakash, D. Kotresha, Md Asif Ansari, Uday Raj Sahrm, Bimlesh Kumar, Jeevan Debnath, Divakar Goli. (2011) Antiulcerogenic activity of Terminalia chebula fruit in experimentally induced ulcer in rats. Pharmaceutical Biology 49:3, 262-268
CrossRef8
Neville D Yeomans. (2011) Aspirin: Old drug, new uses and challenges*. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 26:3, 426-431
CrossRef9
Anne J. Leendertse, Patricia M.L.A. Van Den Bemt, J. Bart Poolman, Lennart J. Stoker, Antoine C.G. Egberts, Maarten J. Postma. (2011) Preventable hospital admissions related to medication (HARM): Cost analysis of the HARM study. Value in Health 14:1, 34-40
CrossRef10
Norman T. Ilowite, Ronald M. Laxer. 2011. PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG THERAPY. , 71-126.
CrossRef11
Neville D Yeomans. (2011) The ulcer sleuths: The search for the cause of peptic ulcers. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 26, 35-41
CrossRef12
Neena S. Abraham, Mark A. Hlatky, Elliott M. Antman, Deepak L. Bhatt, David J. Bjorkman, Craig B. Clark, Curt D. Furberg, David A. Johnson, Charles J. Kahi, Loren Laine, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, Eamonn M. Quigley, James Scheiman, Laurence S. Sperling, Gordon F. Tomaselli. (2010) ACCF/ACG/AHA 2010 Expert Consensus Document on the Concomitant Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Thienopyridines: A Focused Update of the ACCF/ACG/AHA 2008 Expert Consensus Document on Reducing the Gastrointestinal Risks of Antiplatelet Therapy and NSAID Use. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 56:24, 2051-2066
CrossRef13
Divij Mehta, DK Bhargava. (2010) Non-steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs and Gastrointestinal Toxicity. Apollo Medicine 7:4, 251-262
CrossRef14
Mototsugu Kato, Go Kamada, Keiko Yamamoto, Urara Nishida, Aki Imai, Takeshi Yoshida, Shouko Ono, Manabu Nakagawa, Soichi Nakagawa, Yuichi Shimizu, Masahiro Asaka. (2010) Lafutidine prevents low-dose aspirin and loxoprofen induced gastric injury: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled study. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 25:10, 1631-1635
CrossRef15
Alaa Rostom, Katherine Muir, Catherine Dubé, Emilie Jolicoeur, Michel Boucher, Peter Tugwell, George Wells. 2010. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Induced Gastro-Duodenal Toxicity. , 139-164.
CrossRef16
Marino Venerito, Peter Malfertheiner. (2010) Interaction of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers. Helicobacter 15:4, 239-250
CrossRef17
Kuo-Wei Hsiang, Tseng-Shing Chen, Hsiao-Yi Lin, Jiing-Chyuan Luo, Ching-Liang Lu, Han-Chieh Lin, Kuei-Chuan Lee, Full-Young Chang, Shou-Dong Lee. (2010) Incidence and possible risk factors for clinical upper gastrointestinal events in patients taking selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: A prospective, observational, cohort study in Taiwan. Clinical Therapeutics 32:7, 1294-1303
CrossRef18
Dirk Rades, Steven E. Schild, Janet L. Abrahm. (2010) Treatment of painful bone metastases. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 7:4, 220-229
CrossRef19
Carlos Sostres, Carla J. Gargallo, Maria T. Arroyo, Angel Lanas. (2010) Adverse effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, aspirin and coxibs) on upper gastrointestinal tract. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 24:2, 121-132
CrossRef20
Harald E. Vonkeman, Mart A.F.J. van de Laar. (2010) Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Adverse Effects and Their Prevention. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism 39:4, 294-312
CrossRef21
Marc Bardou, Alan N. Barkun. (2010) Preventing the gastrointestinal adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: From risk factor identification to risk factor intervention. Joint Bone Spine 77:1, 6-12
CrossRef22
Y Richard Wang, Joel E. Richter, Daniel T. Dempsey. (2010) Trends and Outcomes of Hospitalizations for Peptic Ulcer Disease in the United States, 1993 to 2006. Annals of Surgery 251:1, 51-58
CrossRef23
Joshua Gustafson, David Welling. (2010) “No Acid, No Ulcer”—100 Years Later: A Review of the History of Peptic Ulcer Disease. Journal of the American College of Surgeons 210:1, 110-116
CrossRef24
Fook–Hong Ng, Siu–Yin Wong, Kwok–Fai Lam, Wai–Ming Chu, Pierre Chan, Yuk–Hei Ling, Carolyn Kng, Wai–Cheung Yuen, Yuk–Kong Lau, Ambrose Kwan, Benjamin C.Y. Wong. (2010) Famotidine Is Inferior to Pantoprazole in Preventing Recurrence of Aspirin-Related Peptic Ulcers or Erosions. Gastroenterology 138:1, 82-88
CrossRef25
Byron Cryer. (2010) Reducing the Gastrointestinal Risks of Low-Dose Aspirin. Gastroenterology 138:1, 30-33
CrossRef26
J. HART, C. J. HAWKEY, A. LANAS, J. NAESDAL, N. J. TALLEY, A. B. R. THOMSON, N. D. YEOMANS. (2010) Predictors of gastroduodenal erosions in patients taking low-dose aspirin. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 31:1, 143-149
CrossRef27
Carlos Sostres, Carla Gargallo, Angel Lanas. (2009) Drug-related damage of the ageing gastrointestinal tract. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 23:6, 849-860
CrossRef28
S. CAI, L. A. GARCÍA RODRÍGUEZ, E. L. MASSÓ-GONZÁLEZ, S. HERNÁNDEZ-DÍAZ. (2009) Uncomplicated peptic ulcer in the UK: trends from 1997 to 2005. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 30:10, 1039-1048
CrossRef29
Maneesh Gupta, Glenn M. Eisen. (2009) NSAIDs and the gastrointestinal tract. Current Gastroenterology Reports 11:5, 345-353
CrossRef30
Christopher J. Hawkey, Lars-Erik Svedberg, Jørgen Næsdal, Claire Byrne. (2009) Esomeprazole for the Management of Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients Who Require NSAIDs. Clinical Drug Investigation 29:10, 677-687
CrossRef31
Marc R. Fournier, Laura E. Targownik, William D. Leslie. (2009) Proton pump inhibitors, osteoporosis, and osteoporosis-related fractures. Maturitas 64:1, 9-13
CrossRef32
Kenneth R. DeVault, Nicholas J. Talley. (2009) Insights into the future of gastric acid suppression. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology 6:9, 524-532
CrossRef33
Fabricia Petronilho, João H. Araújo, Amanda V. Steckert, Gislaine T. Rezin, Gabriela K. Ferreira, Rafael Roesler, Gilberto Schwartsmann, Felipe Dal-Pizzol, Emilio L. Streck. (2009) Effect of a gastrin-releasing peptide receptor antagonist and a proton pump inhibitor association in an animal model of gastritis. Peptides 30:8, 1460-1465
CrossRef34
Gaurav Arora, Gurkirpal Singh, George Triadafilopoulos. (2009) Proton Pump Inhibitors for Gastroduodenal Damage Related to Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs or Aspirin: Twelve Important Questions for Clinical Practice. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 7:7, 725-735.e4
CrossRef35
Stefano Fiorucci. (2009) Prevention of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Induced Ulcer: Looking to the Future. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 38:2, 315-332
CrossRef36
Nadia Barozzi, Susan E. Tett. (2009) Gastroprotective drugs in Australia: Utilization patterns between 1997 and 2006 in relation to NSAID prescribing. Clinical Therapeutics 31:4, 849-861
CrossRef37
Frank L Lanza, Francis K L Chan, Eamonn M M Quigley. (2009) Guidelines for Prevention of NSAID-Related Ulcer Complications. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 104:3, 728-738
CrossRef38
A. ROSTOM, P. MOAYYEDI, R. HUNT, . (2009) Canadian consensus guidelines on long-term nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy and the need for gastroprotection: benefits versus risks. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 29:5, 481-496
CrossRef39
Barry Schlansky, Joo Ha Hwang. (2009) Prevention of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastropathy. Journal of Gastroenterology 44:S19, 44-52
CrossRef40
Christian Roux, Karine Briot, Laure Gossec, Sami Kolta, Tilo Blenk, Dieter Felsenberg, David M. Reid, Richard Eastell, Claus C. Glüer. (2009) Increase in Vertebral Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Women Using Omeprazole. Calcified Tissue International 84:1, 13-19
CrossRef41
Masafumi Inoue, Hiroyuki Okada, Yoshiro Kawahara, Seiji Kawano, Kazuhide Yamamoto. (2009) The Japanese guidelines for management of gastric ulcer. Okayama Igakkai Zasshi (Journal of Okayama Medical Association) 121:2, 109-112
CrossRef42
Marco Lazzaroni, Gabriele Bianchi Porro. (2009) Management of NSAID-Induced Gastrointestinal Toxicity. Drugs 69:1, 51-69
CrossRef43
Jerry J. Buccafusco. (2009) Multifunctional receptor-directed drugs for disorders of the central nervous system. Neurotherapeutics 6:1, 4-13
CrossRef44
Jun Haeng Lee, Yong Chan Lee, Seong Woo Jeon, Jeong Wook Kim, Sang Woo Lee, , . (2009) Guidelines of Prevention and Treatment for NSAID-related Peptic Ulcers. The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 54:5, 309
CrossRef45
T. A. Koncz, S. P. Lister, G. T. Makinson. (2008) Gastroprotection in patients prescribed non-selective NSAIDs, and the risk of related hospitalization. Current Medical Research and Opinion 24:12, 3405-3412
CrossRef46
Neville Yeomans, Angel Lanas, Joachim Labenz, Sander Veldhuyzen van Zanten, Christoffel van Rensburg, Istvan Rácz, Konstantin Tchernev, Dimitrios Karamanolis, Enrico Roda, Chris Hawkey, Emma Nauclér, Lars-Erik Svedberg. (2008) Efficacy of Esomeprazole (20 mg Once Daily) for Reducing the Risk of Gastroduodenal Ulcers Associated With Continuous Use of Low-Dose Aspirin. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 103:10, 2465-2473
CrossRef47
E. L. MASSÓ GONZÁLEZ, L. A. GARCÍA RODRÍGUEZ. (2008) Proton pump inhibitors reduce the long-term risk of recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding: an observational study. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 28:5, 629-637
CrossRef48
(2008) Recommendations for use of selective and nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: An American College of Rheumatology white paper. Arthritis & Rheumatism 59:8, 1058-1073
CrossRef49
Jay C. Desai, Shefali M. Sanyal, Tyralee Goo, Ariel A. Benson, Carol A. Bodian, Kenneth M. Miller, Lawrence B. Cohen, James Aisenberg. (2008) Primary Prevention of Adverse Gastroduodenal Effects from Short-Term Use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs by Omeprazole 20 mg in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 53:8, 2059-2065
CrossRef50
Loren Laine, Koji Takeuchi, Andrzej Tarnawski. (2008) Gastric Mucosal Defense and Cytoprotection: Bench to Bedside. Gastroenterology 135:1, 41-60
CrossRef51
Laura E. Targownik, Colleen Metge, Stella Leung. (2008) Comparing Resource Utilization and Gastrointestinal Outcomes in Patients Treated with Either Standard-Dose or High-Dose Proton Pump Inhibitors: A Matched Cohort Study. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 53:6, 1519-1526
CrossRef52
Christopher M Herndon, Rob W Hutchison, Hildegarde J Berdine, Zachary A Stacy, Judy T Chen, David D Farnsworth, Devra Dang, Joli D Fermo. (2008) Management of Chronic Nonmalignant Pain with Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs. Pharmacotherapy 28:6, 788-805
CrossRef53
Ka-Man Ng, Chi-Hin Cho, Full-Young Chang, Jiing-Chyuan Luo, Han-Chieh Lin, Hsiao-Yi Lin, Chin-Wen Chi, Shou-Dong Lee. (2008) Omeprazole promotes gastric epithelial cell migration. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 60:5, 655-660
CrossRef54
Elham Rahme, Alan Barkun, Hacene Nedjar, Sabine Gaugris, Douglas Watson. (2008) Hospitalizations for Upper and Lower GI Events Associated With Traditional NSAIDs and Acetaminophen Among the Elderly in Quebec, Canada. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 103:4, 872-882
CrossRef55
Giorgio Talamini, Marina Tommasi, Valeria Amadei, Benedetta Pajusco, Anna Fratucello, Alessandro Lechi, Giovanna Scroccaro, Italo Vantini. (2008) Risk Factors of Peptic Ulcer in 4943 Inpatients. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 42:4, 373-380
CrossRef56
Laura E. Targownik, Colleen J. Metge, Stella Leung, Daniel G. Chateau. (2008) The Relative Efficacies of Gastroprotective Strategies in Chronic Users of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs. Gastroenterology 134:4, 937-944.e1
CrossRef57
N. D. YEOMANS, J. NAESDAL. (2008) Systematic review: ulcer definition in NSAID ulcer prevention trials. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 27:6, 465-472
CrossRef58
S. IRANI, B. KREVSKY, J. DESIPIO, J. KIM-JAFFE, S. MAQBOOL, R. S. FISHER. (2008) Rapid protection of the gastroduodenal mucosa against aspirin-induced damage by rabeprazole. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 27:6, 498-503
CrossRef59
Cliff K. S. Ong, Robin A. Seymour. (2008) An evidence-based update of the use of analgesics in dentistry. Periodontology 2000 46:1, 143-164
CrossRef60
Kwong Ming Fock, Tiing Leong Ang, Lean Choo Bee, Edmund Jon Deon Lee. (2008) Proton Pump Inhibitors. Clinical Pharmacokinetics 47:1, 1-6
CrossRef61
Masayuki HASHIGUCHI, Nobuaki YAMAUCHI, Takeshi UCHIKURA, Mayumi MOCHIZUKI. (2008) Cost Comparative Analysis of Drug Therapy for Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID)-induced Gastric Ulcer in Japan. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 128:4, 585-594
CrossRef62
(2008) CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs. CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs
CrossRef63
Antonio Pietroiusti, Antonio Forlini, Andrea Magrini, Alberto Galante, Antonio Bergamaschi. (2008) Isolated H. pylori Duodenal Colonization and Idiopathic Duodenal Ulcers. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 103:1, 55-61
CrossRef64
Vandana Boparai, Jaishree Rajagopalan, George Triadafilopoulos. (2008) Guide to the Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Adult Patients. Drugs 68:7, 925-947
CrossRef65
S. Fiorucci, L. Santucci, E. Distrutti. (2007) NSAIDs, coxibs, CINOD and H2S-releasing NSAIDs: What lies beyond the horizon. Digestive and Liver Disease 39:12, 1043-1051
CrossRef66
J. L. GOLDSTEIN, J. F. JOHANSON, C. J. HAWKEY, L. J. SUCHOWER, K. A. BROWN. (2007) Clinical trial: healing of NSAID-associated gastric ulcers in patients continuing NSAID therapy - a randomized study comparing ranitidine with esomeprazole. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 26:8, 1101-1111
CrossRef67
Jay L. Goldstein, Byron Cryer, Fouad Amer, Barbara Hunt. (2007) Celecoxib Plus Aspirin Versus Naproxen and Lansoprazole Plus Aspirin: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Endoscopic Trial. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 5:10, 1167-1174
CrossRef68
Wayne A. Ray, Cecilia P. Chung, C. Michael Stein, Walter E. Smalley, Kathi Hall, Patrick G. Arbogast, Marie R. Griffin. (2007) Risk of Peptic Ulcer Hospitalizations in Users of NSAIDs With Gastroprotective Cotherapy Versus Coxibs. Gastroenterology 133:3, 790-798
CrossRef69
Ariane Höer, Holger Gothe, Guido Schiffhorst, Astrid Sterzel, Ulrich Grass, Bertram Häussler. (2007) Comparison of the effects of diclofenac or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and diclofenac or other NSAIDs in combination with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) on hospitalisation due to peptic ulcer disease. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 16:8, 854-858
CrossRef70
Eiichi Tanaka, Shigeo Kamitsuji, Eisuke Inoue, Toru Yamada, Ayako Nakajima, Etsuko Takeuchi, Akiko Yanagisawa, Ryouichi Misaka, Mutsuo Shigemoto, Katsuko Yamashita, Tetsuo Imamura, Masako Hara, Taisuke Tomatsu, Terunobu Saito, Gerson Lauren, George Triadafilopoulos, Naoyuki Kamatani, Gurkirpal Singh, Hisashi Yamanaka. (2007) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use does not affect short-term endoscopic and histologic outcomes after Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Modern Rheumatology 17:3, 228-234
CrossRef71
Ashok KR. Saxena, Sanjeev Kumar. (2007) Management Strategies for Pain in Breast Carcinoma Patients: Current Opinions and Future Perspectives. Pain Practice 7:2, 163-177
CrossRef72
David Fitchett. (2007) The impact of bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndromes: How to optimize the benefits of treatment and minimize the risk. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 23:8, 663-671
CrossRef73
Andrea Morgner, Stephan Miehlke, Joachim Labenz. (2007) Esomeprazole: prevention and treatment of NSAID-induced symptoms and ulcers. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 8:7, 975-988
CrossRef74
J. L. GOLDSTEIN, G. M. EISEN, B. LEWIS, I. M. GRALNEK, J. AISENBERG, P. BHADRA, M. F. BERGER. (2007) Small bowel mucosal injury is reduced in healthy subjects treated with celecoxib compared with ibuprofen plus omeprazole, as assessed by video capsule endoscopy. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 25:10, 1211-1222
CrossRef75
Stuart H Berezin, Howard E Bostwick, Michael S Halata, John Feerick, Leonard J Newman, Marvin S Medow. (2007) Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Children Following Ingestion of Low-dose Ibuprofen. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 44:4, 506-508
CrossRef76
Angel Lanas, Luis A. García-Rodríguez, Maria T. Arroyo, Luis Bujanda, Fernando Gomollón, Montserrat Forné, Sofía Aleman, David Nicolas, Faust Feu, Antonio González-Pérez, Ana Borda, Manuel Castro, Maria Jose Poveda, Juan Arenas, . (2007) Effect of Antisecretory Drugs and Nitrates on the Risk of Ulcer Bleeding Associated With Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Antiplatelet Agents, and Anticoagulants. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 102:3, 507-515
CrossRef77
Loren Laine, Sean P Curtis, Byron Cryer, Amarjot Kaur, Christopher P Cannon. (2007) Assessment of upper gastrointestinal safety of etoricoxib and diclofenac in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in the Multinational Etoricoxib and Diclofenac Arthritis Long-term (MEDAL) programme: a randomised comparison. The Lancet 369:9560, 465-473
CrossRef78
Cristina Pozzoli, Alessandro Menozzi, Daniela Grandi, Elvira Solenghi, Maria C. Ossiprandi, Chiara Zullian, Simone Bertini, Giulia M. Cavestro, Gabriella Coruzzi. (2007) Protective effects of proton pump inhibitors against indomethacin-induced lesions in the rat small intestine. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 374:4, 283-291
CrossRef79
Angel Lanas, James Scheiman. (2007) Low-dose aspirin and upper gastrointestinal damage:epidemiology, prevention and treatment. Current Medical Research and Opinion 23:1, 163-173
CrossRef80
Soo-Heon Park, Chul-Soo Cho, Oh-Young Lee, Jae-Bum Jun, San-Ren Lin, Li-Ya Zhou, Yao-Zong Yuan, Zhao-Shen Li, Xiao-Hua Hou, Hong-Chuan Zhao, Udom Kachintorn, Chomsri Kositchaiwat, Comson Lertkupinit. (2007) Comparison of Prevention of NSAID-Induced Gastrointestinal Complications by Rebamipide and Misoprostol: A Randomized, Multicenter, Controlled Trial-STORM STUDY. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition 40:2, 148-155
CrossRef81
Viktorija Erdeljic, Igor Francetic, Viola Macolic Sarinic, Marinko Bilusic, Ksenija Makar Ausperger, Mirjana Huic, Iveta Mercep. (2006) Use of gastroprotective agents in recommended doses in hospitalized patients receiving NSAIDs: a drug utilization study. Pharmacy World & Science 28:5, 318-325
CrossRef82
M. Zarringhalam Moghaddam ., M. Sattari ., A.M. Mobarez ., F. Doctorzadeh .. (2006) Inhibitory Effect of Yogurt Lactobacilli Bacteriocins on Growth and Verotoxins Production of Enterohemorrhgic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 9:11, 2112-2116
CrossRef83
G.S. Gachal ., F.M. Slater ., Zaibu Nisa ., Ayaz Hussain Qadri ., Zuhra .. (2006) Ecological Effect to the Status of the Indus Dolphin. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 9:11, 2117-2121
CrossRef84
Sidra Aftab ., Samia Ahmed ., Sadia Saeed ., Sheikh Ajaz Rasool .. (2006) Screening, Isolation and Characterization of Alkaline Protease Producing Bacteria from Soil. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 9:11, 2122-2126
CrossRef85
Jay L. Goldstein, Kimberly B. Howard, Surrey M. Walton, Trent P. Mclaughlin, Denise T. Kruzikas. (2006) Impact of Adherence to Concomitant Gastroprotective Therapy on Nonsteroidal-Related Gastroduodenal Ulcer Complications. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 4:11, 1337-1345.e1
CrossRef86
N. D. YEOMANS, L-E SVEDBERG, J. NAESDAL. (2006) Is ranitidine therapy sufficient for healing peptic ulcers associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use?. International Journal of Clinical Practice 60:11, 1401-1407
CrossRef87
Francis KL Chan. (2006) Primer: managing NSAID-induced ulcer complications—balancing gastrointestinal and cardiovascular risks. Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 3:10, 563-573
CrossRef88
Jaroslaw Regula, Eugeniusz Butruk, Cornelius P.M. Dekkers, Sybrand Y. de Boer, Dieter Raps, László Simon, Andreas Terjung, Kathy B. Thomas, Reinhold Lühmann, Renate Fischer. (2006) Prevention of NSAID-Associated Gastrointestinal Lesions: A Comparison Study Pantoprazole versus Omeprazole. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 101:8, 1747-1755
CrossRef89
P. O. KATZ, J. M. SCHEIMAN, A. N. BARKUN. (2006) Review article: acid-related disease - what are the unmet clinical needs?. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 23:s2, 9-22
CrossRef90
C. SCARPIGNATO, I. PELOSINI. (2006) Review article: the opportunities and benefits of extended acid suppression. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 23:s2, 23-34
CrossRef91
K. J. Sweeney, M. O. Faolain, D. Gannon, T. F. Gorey, M. J. Kerin. (2006) Surgical management of perforated peptic ulcer disease. Irish Journal of Medical Science 175:2, 50-54
CrossRef92
S. K. MURTHY, S. KAULDHER, L. E. TARGOWNIK. (2006) Physicians' approaches to the use of gastroprotective strategies in low-risk non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug users. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 23:9, 1365-1372
CrossRef93
M.Y. Khotimchenko ., E.P. Zueva ., K.A. Lopatina ., Y.S. Khotimchenko ., N.V. Shilova .. (2006) Gastroprotective Effect of Pectin Preparations Against Indomethacin-induced Lesions in Rats. International Journal of Pharmacology 2:4, 471-476
CrossRef94
Angel Lanas. (2006) Prevention and treatment of NSAID-induced gastroduodenal injury. Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology 9:2, 147-156
CrossRef95
J. L. GOLDSTEIN, P. B. MINER, P. K. SCHLESINGER, S. LIU, D. G. SILBERG. (2006) Intragastric acid control in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug users: comparison of esomeprazole, lansoprazole and pantoprazole. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 23:8, 1189-1196
CrossRef96
James M. Scheiman, Neville D. Yeomans, Nicholas J. Talley, Nimish Vakil, Francis K. L. Chan, Zsolt Tulassay, Jorge L. Rainoldi, Leszek Szczepanski, Kjell-Arne Ung, Dariusz Kleczkowski, Henrik Ahlbom, Jorgen Naesdal, Christopher Hawkey. (2006) Prevention of Ulcers by Esomeprazole in At-Risk Patients Using Non-Selective NSAIDs and COX-2 Inhibitors. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 101:4, 701-710
CrossRef97
Grace Lai-Hung Wong, Joseph JY Sung. (2006) Esomeprazole: a new proton pump inhibitor for NSAID-associated peptic ulcers and dyspepsia. Therapy 3:2, 227-236
CrossRef98
Felson, David T., . (2006) Osteoarthritis of the Knee. New England Journal of Medicine 354:8, 841-848
Full Text99
C. Verdejo-Bravo, J.L. Calleja-Panero, F. Guillén-Llera, J.M. Ribera-Casado. (2006) Estudio epidemiológico sobre la enfermedad ácido-péptica en pacientes ancianos ambulatorios. Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología 41:1, 21-28
CrossRef100
Judy T. Chen, Frank Pucino, Beth H. Resman-Targoff. (2006) Celecoxib versus a Non-Selective NSAID Plus Proton-Pump Inhibitor. Journal of Pain and Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy 20:4, 11-32
CrossRef101
Masato Kawabe, Hiroto Miwa, Toshifumi Ohkusa, Tetsuji Yokoyama, Akihiko Kurosawa, Daisuke Asaoka, Mariko Hojo, Akihito Nagahara, Hiroshi Tsuda, Nobuhiro Sato. (2006) Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Induce Asymptomatic Gastroduodenal Ulcers in the Japanese Population: A Case-Control Study on Its Prevalence and the Protective Effect of Anti-Ulcer Agents. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition 39:3, 145-152
CrossRef102
FAYEZ KOTOB, MARK J. LEMA. 2006. Nonopioid Analgesics. , 253-303.
CrossRef103
J??rgen N??sdal, Kurt Brown. (2006) NSAID-Associated Adverse Effects and Acid Control Aids to Prevent Them. Drug Safety 29:2, 119-132
CrossRef104
2006. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). , 2555-2582.
CrossRef105
2006. Histamine H2 receptor antagonists. , 1629-1632.
CrossRef106
S. Nitschmann, J. Mössner. (2005) ASS oder Clopidogrel plus Esomeprazol bei Patienten nach Ulkusblutungen. Der Internist 46:12, 1405-1408
CrossRef107
Neena S Abraham, David Y Graham. (2005) NSAIDs and gastrointestinal complications: new clinical challenges. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 6:15, 2681-2689
CrossRef108
Jay L. Goldstein, John F. Johanson, Lisa J. Suchower, Kurt A. Brown. (2005) Healing of Gastric Ulcers with Esomeprazole Versus Ranitidine in Patients Who Continued to Receive NSAID Therapy: A Randomized Trial. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 100:12, 2650-2657
CrossRef109
Raffaella Scagliarini, Elena Magnani, Antonino Praticò, Renato Bocchini, Paola Sambo, Paolo Pazzi. (2005) Inadequate Use of Acid-Suppressive Therapy in Hospitalized Patients and Its Implications for General Practice. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 50:12, 2307-2311
CrossRef110
R. H. HUNT. (2005) Review article: the unmet needs in delayed-release proton-pump inhibitor therapy in 2005. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 22:s3, 10-19
CrossRef111
Samir Gupta, Kenneth McQuaid. (2005) Management of Nonsteroidal, Anti-inflammatory, Drug-Associated Dyspepsia. Gastroenterology 129:5, 1711-1719
CrossRef112
F.J. de Abajo, J. García del Pozo, A. del Pino. (2005) Evolución de la utilización de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos en España desde 1990 hasta 2003. Atención Primaria 36:8, 424-433
CrossRef113
Eiichi Tanaka, Gurkirpal Singh, Akira Saito, Akira Syouji, Toru Yamada, Wako Urano, Ayako Nakajima, Atsuo Taniguchi, Taisuke Tomatsu, Masako Hara, Terunobu Saito, Naoyuki Kamatani, Hisashi Yamanaka. (2005) Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and risk of upper gastrointestinal ulcer in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Japan. Modern Rheumatology 15:5, 340-345
CrossRef114
Neena S. Abraham, Hashem B. El–Serag, Michael L. Johnson, Christine Hartman, Peter Richardson, Wayne A. Ray, Walter Smalley. (2005) National Adherence to Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Prescription of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Gastroenterology 129:4, 1171-1178
CrossRef115
G. Singh, G. Triadafilopoulos. (2005) Appropriate choice of proton pump inhibitor therapy in the prevention and management of NSAID-related gastrointestinal damage. International Journal of Clinical Practice 59:10, 1210-1217
CrossRef116
Boris Sapoznikov, Alex Vilkin, Marcella Hershkovici, Michal Fishman, Rami Eliakim, Yaron Niv. (2005) Minidose Aspirin and Gastrointestinal Bleeding—A Retrospective, Case–Control Study in Hospitalized Patients. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 50:9, 1621-1624
CrossRef117
Richard H. Hunt, David Armstrong, Cindy James, Sadat K. Chowdhury, Yuhong Yuan, Paola Fiorentini, Alain Taccoen, Patrick Cohen. (2005) Effect on Intragastric pH of a PPI with a Prolonged Plasma Half-Life: Comparison between Tenatoprazole and Esomeprazole on the Duration of Acid Suppression in Healthy Male Volunteers. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 100:9, 1949-1956
CrossRef118
Fr??d??ric Di Fiore, St??phane Lecleire, V??ronique Merle, Sophie Herv??, Christian Duhamel, Jean-Louis Dupas, Alain Vandewalle, Abdeslam Bental, Herv?? Gouerou, Maryvonne Le Page, Michel Amouretti, Pierre Czernichow, Eric Lerebours. (2005) Changes in characteristics and outcome of acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage: a comparison of epidemiology and practices between 1996 and 2000 in a multicentre French study. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 17:6, 641-647
CrossRef119
K. Miyake, N. Ueki, K. Suzuki, Y. Shinji, M. Kusunoki, T. Hiratsuka, H. Nishigaki, A. Tatsuguchi, S. Futagami, K. Wada, T. Tsukui, A. Nakajima, S. Yoshino, C. Sakamoto. (2005) Preventive therapy for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced ulcers in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the current situation and a prospective controlled-study of the preventive effects of lansoprazole or famotidine. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 21:s2, 67-72
CrossRef120
Hanne MS Rasmussen, Jens Søndergaard, Jens P Kampmann, Morten Andersen. (2005) General practitioners prefer prescribing indicators based on detailed information on individual patients: a Delphi study. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 61:3, 237-241
CrossRef121
Grant D. Innes, Peter J. Zed. (2005) Basic Pharmacology and Advances in Emergency Medicine. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America 23:2, 433-465
CrossRef122
Sia Peng, Anne Duggan. (2005) Gastrointestinal adverse effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 4:2, 157-169
CrossRef123
Jay L. Goldstein, Glenn M. Eisen, Blair Lewis, Ian M. Gralnek, Steve Zlotnick, John G. Fort. (2005) Video capsule endoscopy to prospectively assess small bowel injury with celecoxib, naproxen plus omeprazole, and placebo. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 3:2, 133-141
CrossRef124
Francis KL CHAN. (2005) Should we eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection in patients receiving nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or low-dose aspirin?. Chinese Journal of Digestive Diseases 6:1, 1-5
CrossRef125
Hyung Ran Yun, Sang-Cheol Bae. (2005) Cost-effectiveness analysis of NSAIDs, NSAIDs with concomitant therapy to prevent gastrointestinal toxicity, and COX-2 specific inhibitors in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology International 25:1, 9-14
CrossRef126
M Hassan-Alin, J Naesdal, C Nilsson-Pieschl, G L??ngstr??m, T Andersson. (2005) Lack of Pharmacokinetic Interaction between Esomeprazole and the Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Naproxen and Rofecoxib in Healthy Subjects. Clinical Drug Investigation 25:11, 731-740
CrossRef127
I Francetic, M Bilusic, V Macolic-Sarinic, M Huic, I Mercep, K Makar-Ausperger, V Erdeljic, S Mimica, I Baotic, P Simic. (2005) Inadequate Use of Preventive Strategies in Patients Receiving NSAIDs. Clinical Drug Investigation 25:4, 265-270
CrossRef128
Yaron Niv, Alex Battler, Galia Abuksis, Eyal Gal, Boris Sapoznikov, Alex Vilkin. (2005) Endoscopy in Asymptomatic Minidose Aspirin Consumers. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 50:1, 78-80
CrossRef129
Francis K L Chan. (2005) NSAID-Induced Peptic Ulcers and Helicobacter pylori Infection. Drug Safety 28:4, 287-300
CrossRef130
X. Calvet. (2005) Tratamiento erradicador de Helicobacter pylori en la enfermedad no ulcerosa. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 28:1, 40-46
CrossRef131
Hiltrud Liedgens, Mark J C Nuijten, Barbara Poulsen Nautrup. (2005) Economic Evaluation of Tramadol/Paracetamol Combination Tablets for??Osteoarthritis Pain in The Netherlands. Clinical Drug Investigation 25:12, 785-802
CrossRef132
Jan C. Becker, Wolfram Domschke, Thorsten Pohle. (2004) Current approaches to prevent NSAID-induced gastropathy - COX selectivity and beyond. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 58:6, 587-600
CrossRef133
Stephen Y. Chang, Colin W. Howden. (2004) Is no NSAID a good NSAID? approaches to NSAID-associated upper gastrointestinal disease. Current Gastroenterology Reports 6:6, 447-453
CrossRef134
A. Pilotto, M. Franceschi, G. Leandro, F. Paris, L. Cascavilla, M. G. Longo, V. Niro, A. Andriulli, C. Scarcelli, F. Di Mario. (2004) Proton-pump inhibitors reduce the risk of uncomplicated peptic ulcer in elderly either acute or chronic users of aspirin/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 20:10, 1091-1097
CrossRef135
Robert D. Ecker, Eelco F. M. Wijdicks, Kelly Wix, Robyn McClelland. (2004) Does Famotidine Induce Thrombocytopenia in Neurosurgical Patients?. Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology 16:4, 291-293
CrossRef136
Byron Cryer. (2004) COX-2–specific inhibitor or proton pump inhibitor plus traditional NSAID: Is either approach sufficient for patients at highest risk of NSAID-induced ulcers?. Gastroenterology 127:4, 1256-1258
CrossRef137
James F. Fries, Kirsten N. Murtagh, Mihoko Bennett, Ernesto Zatarain, Bharathi Lingala, Bonnie Bruce. (2004) The rise and decline of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-associated gastropathy in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis & Rheumatism 50:8, 2433-2440
CrossRef138
Robert W. Dubois, Gil Y. Melmed, James M. Henning, Myriam Bernal. (2004) Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Injury and Events in Patients Treated With Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1/COX-2 Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), COX-2 Selective NSAIDs, and Gastroprotective Cotherapy. JCR: Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 10:4, 178-189
CrossRef139
J. J. Y. Sung. (2004) Should we eradicate Helicobacter pylori in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug users?. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 20:s2, 65-70
CrossRef140
C. J. Hawkey. (2004) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: who should receive prophylaxis?. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 20:s2, 59-64
CrossRef141
Kenneth G. Saag, Jason J. Olivieri, Fausto Patino, Ted R. Mikuls, Jeroan J. Allison, Catherine H. MacLean. (2004) Measuring quality in arthritis care: The Arthritis Foundation's quality indicator set for analgesics. Arthritis & Rheumatism 51:3, 337-349
CrossRef142
David Y. Graham. (2004) 'Guidelines' or marketing for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and proton pump inhibitor use?. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 19:12, 1323-1324
CrossRef143
F. K. L. Chan, D. Y. Graham. (2004) Prevention of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug gastrointestinal complications - review and recommendations based on risk assessment. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 19:10, 1051-1061
CrossRef144
Jan Mart??nek, Drahoslava Pantofl????kov??, Tom???? Hucl, Marek Bene??, Gian Dorta, Milan Luk????, Julius ??pi????k. (2004) Absence of nocturnal acid breakthrough in Helicobacter pylori-positive subjects treated with twice-daily omeprazole. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 16:5, 445-450
CrossRef145
F. F. Joshua, S. P. Oakley, G. A. Major. (2004) Impact of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors on anti-ulcer medication and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use in patients with rheumatic disease. Internal Medicine Journal 34:4, 153-161
CrossRef146
N. D. Yeomans. (2004) Impact of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: are they fulfilling their promises?. Internal Medicine Journal 34:4, 145-147
CrossRef147
F. Bermejo, J.P. Gisbert. (2004) Protocolo terapéutico de la úlcera gástrica. Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado 9:2, 134-136
CrossRef148
Clare Atherton, John Jones, Brian McKaig, James Bebb, Rob Cunliffe, Jake Burdsall, Joanne Brough, Diane Stevenson, Johanne Bonner, Christiane Rordorf, Graham Scott, Janice Branson, Christopher J Hawkey. (2004) Pharmacology and gastrointestinal safety of lumiracoxib, a novel cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor: an integrated study. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2:2, 113-120
CrossRef149
M. Arroyo Villarino, J. Alcedo González, A. Lanas Arbeloa. (2004) Gastropatía por antiinflamatorios no esteroideos. Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado 9:2, 75-83
CrossRef150
F.-H. Ng, B. C.-Y. Wong, S.-Y. Wong, W.-H. Chen, C.-M. Chang. (2004) Clopidogrel plus omeprazole compared with aspirin plus omeprazole for aspirin-induced symptomatic peptic ulcers/erosions with low to moderate bleeding/re-bleeding risk - a single-blind, randomized controlled study. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 19:3, 359-365
CrossRef151
V.W.S Wong, R.W.L Leong, F.K.L Chan. (2004) Upper gastrointestinal complications related to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs—what have we achieved so far?. Digestive and Liver Disease 36:1, 1-3
CrossRef152
Elham Rahme, Alan N Barkun, Viviane Adam, Marc Bardou. (2004) Treatment Costs to Prevent or Treat Upper Gastrointestinal Adverse Events Associated with NSAIDs. Drug Safety 27:13, 1019-1042
CrossRef153
Mitchell L. Schubert. 2004. H2-Receptor Antagonists. , 395-401.
CrossRef154
R. W. Dubois, G. Y. Melmed, J. M. Henning, L. Laine. (2004) Guidelines for the appropriate use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cyclo-oxygenase-2-specific inhibitors and proton pump inhibitors in patients requiring chronic anti-inflammatory therapy. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 19:2, 197-208
CrossRef155
M. C. J. M. Sturkenboom, T. A. Burke, M. J. D. Tangelder, J. P. Dieleman, S. Walton, J. L. Goldstein. (2003) Adherence to proton pump inhibitors or H2-receptor antagonists during the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 18:11-12, 1137-1147
CrossRef156
Yuhong Yuan, Richard H. Hunt. (2003) Assessment of the safety of selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors: where are we in 2003?. InflammoPharmacology 11:4-6, 337-354
CrossRef157
Deborah D Proctor. (2003) Critical issues in digestive diseases. Clinics in Chest Medicine 24:4, 623-632
CrossRef158
Matthew Walley, Christoph Hotz-Behofsits, Robert Simpson, Ingvar Bjarnason. (2003) Nitric oxide: potential role for reducing gastro-enteropathy. InflammoPharmacology 11:4-6, 429-436
CrossRef159
Jaime A Oviedo, M.Michael Wolfe. (2003) Gastroprotection by coxibs: what do the Celecoxib Long-Term Arthritis Safety Study and the Vioxx Gastrointestinal Outcomes Research Trial tell us?. Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America 29:4, 769-788
CrossRef160
Ted R Mikuls. (2003) Co-morbidity in rheumatoid arthritis. Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology 17:5, 729-752
CrossRef161
Manjula Kurella, William M Bennett, Glenn M Chertow. (2003) Analgesia in patients with ESRD: a review of available evidence. American Journal of Kidney Diseases 42:2, 217-228
CrossRef162
F. H. Ng, S. Y. Wong, C. M. Chang, W. H. Chen, C. Kng, A. I. Lanas, B. C. Y. Wong. (2003) High incidence of clopidogrel-associated gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with previous peptic ulcer disease. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 18:4, 443-449
CrossRef163
Martin W. James, Christopher J. Hawkey. (2003) Assessment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) damage in the human gastrointestinal tract. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 56:2, 146-155
CrossRef164
M.E. Leerdam, E. M. Vreeburg, E.A.J. Rauws, A.A.M. Geraedts, J.G.P. Tijssen, J.B. Reitsma, G.N.J. Tytgat. (2003) Acute upper GI bleeding: did anything change?. Time trend analysis of incidence and outcome of acute upper GI bleeding between 1993/1994 and 2000. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 98:7, 1494-1499
CrossRef165
R. J. F. Laheij, L. G. M . Van Rossum, J. B. M. J. Jansen, F. W. A. Verheugt. (2003) Proton-pump inhibitor therapy for acetylsalicylic acid associated upper gastrointestinal symptoms: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 18:1, 109-115
CrossRef166
BRANISLAV SCHIFFERDECKER, DAVID H. SPODICK. (2003) Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs in the Treatment of Pericarditis. Cardiology in Review 11:4, 211-217
CrossRef167
Jeroen C. F. De Jong, Paul B. Van Den Berg, Hilde Tobi, Lolkje T. W. De Jong, - Van Den Berg. (2003) Combined use of SSRIs and NSAIDs increases the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 55:6, 591-595
CrossRef168
Noor M. Gajraj. (2003) Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors. Anesthesia & Analgesia1720-1738
CrossRef169
K. C. Lai, C. S. Lau, W. Y. Ip, B. C. Y. Wong, W. M. Hui, W. H. C. Hu, R. W. M. Wong, S. K. Lam. (2003) Effect of treatment of Helicobacter pylori on the prevention of gastroduodenal ulcers in patients receiving long-term NSAIDs: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 17:6, 799-805
CrossRef170
R. Micklewright, S. Lane, W. Linley, C. McQuade, F. Thompson, N. Maskrey. (2003) NSAIDs, gastroprotection and cyclo-oxygenase-II-selective inhibitors*. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 17:3, 321-332
CrossRef171
Luis R. Arboleya, Enrique de la Figuera, María Soledad García, Belén Aragón. (2003) Management pattern for patients with osteoarthritis treated with traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in Spain prior to introduction of Coxibs. Current Medical Research and Opinion 19:4, 278-287
CrossRef172
Juan–R. Malagelada, Arturo Rodríguez de la Serna, Hans Gert Dammann, Miquel Pons, Carlos Armas, Miquel Sala, Xavier Tena, Enrique Celdrán, Antoni Mesa. (2003) Sucralfate therapy in NSAID bleeding gastropathy. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 1:1, 51-56
CrossRef173
Barbara M. Alderman, Gerard J. McCaffrey, Neville D. Yeomans. (2002) Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and the stomach. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 18:6, 658-662
CrossRef174
P. Serrano, A. Lanas, M. T. Arroyo, I. J. Ferreira. (2002) Risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients taking low-dose aspirin for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 16:11, 1945-1953
CrossRef175
Kaisu H. Pitkala, Timo E. Strandberg, Reijo S. Tilvis. (2002) Management of Nonmalignant Pain in Home-Dwelling Older People: A Population-Based Survey. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 50:11, 1861-1865
CrossRef176
Akiko Shiotani, David Y Graham. (2002) Pathogenesis and therapy of gastric and duodenal ulcer disease. Medical Clinics of North America 86:6, 1447-1466
CrossRef177
Elham Rahme, Dan Pettitt, Jacques LeLorier. (2002) Determinants and sequelae associated with utilization of acetaminophen versus traditional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in an elderly population. Arthritis & Rheumatism 46:11, 3046-3054
CrossRef178
Alaa Rostom, Catherine Dube, George A Wells, Peter Tugwell, Vivian Welch, Emilie Jolicoeur, Jessie McGowan, Angel Lanas, Alaa Rostom. 2002. Prevention of NSAID-induced gastroduodenal ulcers. .
CrossRef179
James D. Lewis, Warren B. Bilker, Colleen Brensinger, John T. Farrar, Brian L. Strom. (2002) Hospitalization and mortality rates from peptic ulcer disease and GI bleeding in the 1990s: relationship to sales of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acid suppression medications. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 97:10, 2540-2549
CrossRef180
Francis KL Chan, WK Leung. (2002) Peptic-ulcer disease. The Lancet 360:9337, 933-941
CrossRef181
Angel Ferrández, Angel Lanas. (2002) Treatment and prevention of aspirin-induced gastroduodenal ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding. Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 1:3, 245-252
CrossRef182
Teresa Pawlik, Peter C Konturek, Jan W Konturek, Stanislaw J Konturek, Tomasz Brzozowski, Marta Cześnikiewicz, Malgorzata Plonka, Władysław Bielanski, Hany Areny. (2002) Impact of Helicobacter pylori and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on gastric ulcerogenesis in experimental animals and in humans. European Journal of Pharmacology 449:1-2, 1-15
CrossRef183
Walter Smalley, C. Michael Stein, Patrick G. Arbogast, Glenn Eisen, Wayne A. Ray, Marie Griffin. (2002) Underutilization of gastroprotective measures in patients receiving nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Arthritis & Rheumatism 46:8, 2195-2200
CrossRef184
Annette Vielhaber, Russell K Portenoy. (2002) Advances in cancer pain management. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 16:3, 527-541
CrossRef185
Neville D Yeomans. (2002) Management of peptic ulcer disease not related to Helicobacter. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 17:4, 488-494
CrossRef186
M. E. Van Leerdam, G. N. J. Tytgat. (2002) Helicobacter pylori infection in peptic ulcer haemorrhage. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 16:s1, 66-78
CrossRef187
L. Laine. (2002) The effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced upper gastrointestinal tract injury. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 16:s1, 34-39
CrossRef188
W. W. Buchanan, W. F. Kean. (2002) Osteoarthritis IV: Clinical therapeutic trials and treatment. InflammoPharmacology 10:1-2, 79-155
CrossRef189
A. Mark Fendrick, Rajesh R. Bandekar, Michael E. Chernew, James M. Scheiman. (2002) Role of initial NSAID choice and patient risk factors in the prevention of NSAID gastropathy: A decision analysis. Arthritis & Rheumatism 47:1, 36-43
CrossRef190
(2002) Guidelines for the management of rheumatoid arthritis: 2002 Update. Arthritis & Rheumatism 46:2, 328-346
CrossRef191
David Y. Graham. (2002) Critical Effect of Helicobacter pylori Infection on the Effectiveness of Omeprazole for Prevention of Gastric or Duodenal Ulcers Among Chronic NSAID Users. Helicobacter 7:1, 1-8
CrossRef192
Loes E. Visser, Hayo H. Graatsma, Bruno H. Ch. Stricker. (2002) Contraindicated NSAIDs are frequently prescribed to elderly patients with peptic ulcer disease. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 53:2, 183-188
CrossRef193
Bjarni Thjodleifsson. (2002) Treatment of Acid-Related Diseases in the Elderly with Emphasis on the Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors. Drugs & Aging 19:12, 911-927
CrossRef194
Francis K. L. Chan. (2002) Helicobacter pylori, NSAIDs and gastrointestinal haemorrhage. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 14:1, 1-3
CrossRef195
Jane Chandramouli. (2002) What Is the Most Effective Therapy for Preventing NSAID-Induced Gastropathy?. Journal of Pain and Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy 16:2, 23-36
CrossRef196
Jia-Qing Huang, Subbaramiah Sridhar, Richard H Hunt. (2002) Role of Helicobacter pylori infection and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in peptic-ulcer disease: a meta-analysis. The Lancet 359:9300, 14-22
CrossRef197
Michael T. Nurmohamed, Vokko P. van Halm, Ben A.C. Dijkmans. (2002) Cardiovascular Risk Profile of Antirheumatic Agents in Patients with Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Drugs 62:11, 1599-1609
CrossRef198
Thomas J. Schnitzer, Sheldon X. Kong, Panagiotis Mavros, Walter L. Straus, Douglas J. Watson. (2001) Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and gastroprotective agents before the advent of cyclooxygenase-2—selective inhibitors: analysis of a large United States claims database. Clinical Therapeutics 23:12, 1984-1998
CrossRef199
J.I.W. Jones, C.J. Hawkey. (2001) Physiology and organ-related pathology of the elderly: stomach ulcers. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 15:6, 943-961
CrossRef200
Jørgen Naesdal, Ingalill Wilson. (2001) Gastro-duodenal protection in an era of cyclo-oxygenase-2-selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 13:12, 1401-1406
CrossRef201
A. Lanas. (2001) Cyclo-oxygenase-1/cyclo-oxygenase-2 non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: epidemiology of gastrointestinal events. Digestive and Liver Disease 33, S29-S34
CrossRef202
M. Lazzaroni, G. Bianchi Porro. (2001) Prophylaxis and treatment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced upper gastrointestinal side-effects. Digestive and Liver Disease 33, S44-S58
CrossRef203
Christopher J. Hawkey. (2001) GASTROINTESTINAL SAFETY OF COX-2 SPECIFIC INHIBITORS. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 30:4, 921-936
CrossRef204
Francis K.L. Chan. (2001) HELICOBACTER PYLORIAND NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 30:4, 937-952
CrossRef205
Philip Schoenfeld. (2001) AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH TO THE GASTROINTESTINAL SAFETY PROFILE OF COX-2-SELECTIVE ANTI-INFLAMMATORIES. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 30:4, 1027-1044
CrossRef206
Bryron Cryer. (2001) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug gastrointestinal toxicity. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 17:6, 503-512
CrossRef207
C. J. Hawkey, L. Laine, S. E. Harper, H. U. I. Quan, J. A. Bolognese, E. Mortensen, . (2001) Influence of risk factors on endoscopic and clinical ulcers in patients taking rofecoxib or ibuprofen in two randomized controlled trials. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 15:10, 1593-1601
CrossRef208
Denis M. McCarthy. (2001) Prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal symptoms and complications due to NSAIDs. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 15:5, 755-773
CrossRef209
Marc C. Hochberg, Maxime Dougados. (2001) Pharmacological therapy of osteoarthritis. Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology 15:4, 583-593
CrossRef210
Franco Bazzoli, Luca De Luca, David Y. Graham. (2001) Helicobacter pylori infection and the use of NSAIDs. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 15:5, 775-785
CrossRef211
S. Ishihara, T. Okuyama, N. Ishimura, M. Ono, T. Hashimoto, H. Kazumori, T. Kaji, H. Sato, H. Fujishiro, K. Adachi, R. Fukuda, Y. Kinoshita. (2001) Intragastric distribution of Helicobacter pylori during short-term omeprazole therapy: study using Carnoy's fixation and immunohistochemistry for detection of bacteria. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 15:9, 1485-1491
CrossRef212
Luis Alberto García Rodríguez, Sonia Hernández-Díaz. (2001) Relative Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Complications among Users of Acetaminophen and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Epidemiology 12:5, 570-576
CrossRef213
Elham Rahme, Lawrence Joseph, Sheldon X. Kong, Douglas J. Watson, Jacques LeLorier. (2001) Cost of prescribed NSAID-related gastrointestinal adverse events in elderly patients. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 52:2, 185-192
CrossRef214
Angel Lanas. (2001) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, low-dose aspirin, and potential ways of reducing the risk of complications. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 13:6, 623-626
CrossRef215
Colin W. Howden, Grigoris I. Leontiadis. (2001) Current indications for acid suppressants in Helicobacter pylori -negative ulcer disease. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 15:3, 401-412
CrossRef216
M. Lazzaroni, G. Bianchi porro. (2001) Helicobacter pylori and NSAID gastropathy. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 15:s1, 22-27
CrossRef217
Francis K.L. Chan, Joseph J.Y. Sung. (2001) Role of acid suppressants in prophylaxis of NSAID damage. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 15:3, 433-445
CrossRef218
(2001) Upper Gastrointestinal Toxicity of Rofecoxib and Naproxen. New England Journal of Medicine 344:18, 1398-1399
Full Text219
Richard M. Peek. (2001) HELICOBACTER PYLORI, ASPIRIN, AND NONSTEROIDAL MEDICATIONS, AND COMPLICATIONS OF ULCER DISEASE: SEEING THROUGH THE GLASS LESS DIMLY?. Evidence-Based Gastroenterology 2:2, 58-60
CrossRef220
Ted R. Mikuls, Kenneth G. Saag. (2001) COMORBIDITY IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America 27:2, 283-303
CrossRef221
Chan, Francis K.L., Chung, S.C. Sydney, Suen, Bing Yee, Lee, Yuk Tong, Leung, Wai Keung, Leung, Vincent K.S., Wu, Justin C.Y., Lau, James Y.W., Hui, Yui, Lai, Moon Sing, Chan, Henry L.Y., Sung, Joseph J.Y., . (2001) Preventing Recurrent Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection Who Are Taking Low-Dose Aspirin or Naproxen. New England Journal of Medicine 344:13, 967-973
Full Text222
P Emery, CJ Hawkey, Andrew Moore. (2001) Prescribing in the UK. The Lancet 357:9258, 809
CrossRef223
A. Mark Fendrick, James M. Scheiman. (2001) Helicobacter pylori and NSAID gastropathy: An ambiguous association. Current Rheumatology Reports 3:2, 107-111
CrossRef224
S. Mercadante. (2001) The use of anti-inflammatory drugs in cancer pain. Cancer Treatment Reviews 27:1, 51-61
CrossRef225
John S. Sundy. (2001) COX-2 inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis. Current Rheumatology Reports 3:1, 86-91
CrossRef226
J. M. Scheiman, R. R. Bandekar, M. E. Chernew, A. M. Fendrick. (2001) Helicobacter pylori screening for individuals requiring chronic NSAID therapy: a decision analysis. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 15:1, 63-71
CrossRef227
Elham Rahme, Lawrence Joseph, Sheldon X. Kong, Douglas J. Watson, James M. Pellissier, Jacques LeLorier. (2001) Gastrointestinal-Related Healthcare Resource Usage Associated with a Fixed Combination of Diclofenac and Misoprostol versus Other NSAIDs. PharmacoEconomics 19:Parts 1 and 2, 577-588
CrossRef228
Robert G Berger. (2001) Intelligent use of NSAIDs - where do we stand?. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 2:1, 19-30
CrossRef229
Alberto Pilotto. (2001) Helicobacter Pylori-Associated Peptic Ulcer Disease in Older Patients. Drugs & Aging 18:7, 487-494
CrossRef230
Neville D. Yeomans, George Garas, Christopher J. Hawkey. (2000) The Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Controversy. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 29:4, 791-805
CrossRef231
&NA;. (2000) Role of proton pump inhibitors in the prevention of NSAID-induced ulcers now emerging. Drugs & Therapy Perspectives 16:12, 6-10
CrossRef232
Alan B. R. Thomson. (2000) Are the orally administered proton pump inhibitors equivalent? A comparison of lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole. Current Gastroenterology Reports 2:6, 482-493
CrossRef233
Byron Cryer. (2000) NSAID gastrointestinal toxicity. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 16:6, 495-502
CrossRef234
Simon Maxwell, William S. Waring. (2000) Therapeutics Drugs used in secondary prevention after myocardial infarction: Case presentation. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 50:5, 405-417
CrossRef235
Mitchell L. Schubert. (2000) Stomach and duodenum. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 16:6, 461-462
CrossRef236
Adrian Schmassmann, Jean Claude Reubi. (2000) Cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptors enhance wound healing in the rat gastric mucosa. Journal of Clinical Investigation 106:8, 1021-1029
CrossRef237
Jjy Sung, Ri Russell, N Yeomans, Fkl Chan, Sl Chen, Km Fock, Kl Goh, P Kullavanijaya, K Kimura, Cs Lau, J Louw, J Sollano, G Triadiafalopulos, Sd Xiao, Peter Brooks. (2000) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug toxicity in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 15:s3, G58-G68
CrossRef238
Satoru Takahashi, Takuya Fujita, Akira Yamamoto. (2000) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced acute gastric injury in Helicobacter pylori gastritis in Mongolian gerbils. European Journal of Pharmacology 406:3, 461-468
CrossRef239
P. Knoflach. (2000) Helicobacter pylori und nichtsteroidale Antirheumatika. Acta Medica Austriaca 27:4, 126-128
CrossRef240
Chi-Chuan Tseng, M. Michael Wolfe. (2000) NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS. Medical Clinics of North America 84:5, 1329-1344
CrossRef241
Colette Hawkins, Geoffrey W Hanks. (2000) The Gastroduodenal Toxicity of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. A Review of the Literature. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 20:2, 140-151
CrossRef242
J. Martinek, L. Kuzela, J. Spicak, A. Vavrecka. (2000) Review article: the clinical influence of Helicobacter pylori in effective acid suppression-implications for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 14:8, 979-990
CrossRef243
A. Pilotto, F. Di Mario, M. Franceschi, G. Leandro, G. Battaglia, B. Germana, R. Marin, G. Valerio. (2000) Pantoprazole versus one-week Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy for the prevention of acute NSAID-related gastroduodenal damage in elderly subjects. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 14:8, 1077-1082
CrossRef244
Esam Z Dajani, Michael J Klamut. (2000) Novel therapeutic approaches to gastric and duodenal ulcers: an update. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 9:7, 1537-1544
CrossRef245
Frank L. Lanza. (2000) Prevention of NSAID-related ulcers. Comprehensive Therapy 26:2, 103-108
CrossRef246
Dorta, Nicolet, Vouillamoz, Margalith, Saraga, Bouzourene, Hacki, Stolte, Blum, Armstrong. (2000) The effects of omeprazole on healing and appearance of small gastric and duodenal lesions during dosing with diclofenac in healthy subjects. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 14:5, 535-541
CrossRef247
S.A. Malki, N.D. Yeomans. (2000) Is it time to adopt proton pump inhibitors in the prevention of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug gastropathy?. Digestive and Liver Disease 32:3, 209-210
CrossRef248
Calvet, Larrosa, Font, Gratacos. (2000) On dissonances, Helicobacter pylori and NSAIDs. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 14:4, 497-499
CrossRef249
G. Bianchi Porro, M. Lazzaroni, V. Imbesi, F. Montrone, T. Santagada. (2000) Efficacy of pantoprazole in the prevention of peptic ulcers, induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study. Digestive and Liver Disease 32:3, 201-208
CrossRef250
Jay L. Goldstein, Russell D. Brown. (2000) NSAID-induced ulcers. Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology 3:2, 149-157
CrossRef251
P. Malfertheiner, U. Peitz. (2000) Duodenal ulcer. Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology 3:2, 171-181
CrossRef252
Hawkey. (2000) Reply-On dissonances, Helicobacter pylori and NSAIDs. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 14:4, 499-500
CrossRef253
&NA;. (2000) Reducing NSAID-induced gastroduodenal ulceration is possible. Drugs & Therapy Perspectives 15:5, 10-12
CrossRef254
Mitchell S. Cappell, Jeffrey R. Schein. (2000) DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG-ASSOCIATED UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TOXICITY. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 29:1, 97-124
CrossRef255
James J. Farrell, Lawrence S. Friedman. (2000) GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING IN OLDER PEOPLE. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 29:1, 1-36
CrossRef256
C.J. Hawkey. (2000) Management of gastroduodenal ulcers caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 14:1, 173-192
CrossRef257
M.Michael Wolfe, George Sachs. (2000) Acid suppression: Optimizing therapy for gastroduodenal ulcer healing, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and stress-related erosive syndrome. Gastroenterology 118:2, S9-S31
CrossRef258
Francis K.L. Chan, Joseph J.Y. Sung. (2000) How does Helicobacter pylori infection interact with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs?. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 14:1, 161-172
CrossRef259
Joachim Labenz. (2000) Consequences of Helicobacter pylori cure in ulcer patients. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 14:1, 133-145
CrossRef260
Colin W. Howden. (2000) Vitamin B12 Levels During Prolonged Treatment With Proton Pump Inhibitors. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 30:1, 29-33
CrossRef261
Nimish Vakil, Mae F. Go. (2000) Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 16:1, 32-39
CrossRef262
Barkun, Cockeram, Plourde, Fedorak. (1999) Review article: acid suppression in non-variceal acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 13:12, 1565-1584
CrossRef263
Alan B. R. Thomson. (1999) Therapy for H. pylori infection. Current Gastroenterology Reports 1:6, 518-523
CrossRef264
J.A. Louw, I.N. Marks. (1999) The treatment of peptic ulcer disease. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 15:6, 497
CrossRef265
Santolaria, Lanas, Benito, Perez-Aisa, Montoro, Sainz. (1999) Helicobacter pylori infection is a protective factor for bleeding gastric ulcers but not for bleeding duodenal ulcers in NSAID users. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 13:11, 1511-1518
CrossRef266
Fitzpatrick, Sakurai, Le. (1999) Effect of naproxen on the hamster gastric antrum: ulceration, adaptation and efficacy of anti-ulcer drugs. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 13:11, 1553-1562
CrossRef267
Byron Cryer. (1999) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug gastrointestinal toxicity. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 15:6, 473
CrossRef268
Manathip Osiri, Larry W. Moreland. (1999) Specific Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors: A New Choice of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Therapy. Arthritis & Rheumatism 12:5, 351-362
CrossRef269
Umar Beejay, M.Michael Wolfe. (1999) Cyclooxygenase 2 selective inhibitors: Panacea or flash in the pan?. Gastroenterology 117:4, 1002-1005
CrossRef270
Gert Hein, Thorsten Eidner, Peter Oelzner, Bernhard Manger. (1999) Update Rheumatologie — Teil II. Medizinische Klinik 94:10, 556-563
CrossRef271
Schoenfeld, Kimmey, Scheiman, Bjorkman, Laine. (1999) Review article: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-associated gastrointestinal complications-guidelines for prevention and treatment. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 13:10, 1273-1285
CrossRef272
Adam F. Barrison, M. Michael Wolfe. (1999) Management of NSAID-related gastrointestinal mucosal injury. Inflammopharmacology 7:3, 277-286
CrossRef273
(1999) Book Reviews. Australasian Journal on Ageing 18:3, 152-153
CrossRef274
Wolfe, M. Michael, Lichtenstein, David R., Singh, Gurkirpal, . (1999) Gastrointestinal Toxicity of Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs. New England Journal of Medicine 340:24, 1888-1899
Full Text275
C. J. Hawkey. (1999) Helicobacter pylori, NSAIDs and cognitive dissonance. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 13:6, 695-702
CrossRef276
James M. Scheiman. (1999) Preventing NSAID toxicity to the upper gastrointestinal tract. Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology 2:3, 205-213
CrossRef277
Joachim Labenz. (1999) Does Helicobacter pylori Affect the Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease?. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 94:4, 867-869
CrossRef278
Cole, Hudson, Liew, Murray, Hawkey, Heptinstall. (1999) Protection of human gastric mucosa against aspirin-enteric coating or dose reduction?. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 13:2, 187-193
CrossRef279
Talmadge A Bowden. (1999) Gastrointestinal conditions. Journal of the American College of Surgeons 188:2, 127-135
CrossRef280
Larry W. Moreland, E. William St. Clair. (1999) THE USE OF ANALGESICS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PAIN IN RHEUMATIC DISEASES. Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America 25:1, 153-191
CrossRef281
MARTINEK, BLUM, STOLTE, HARTMANN, VERDU, LUHMANN, DORTA, WIESEL. (1999) Effects of pumaprazole (BY841), a novel reversible proton pump antagonist, and of omeprazole, on intragastric acidity before and after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 13:1, 27-34
CrossRef282
&NA; F. Go, Nimish Vakil. (1999) Treatment of Helicobacter pylori. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 15:1, 72
CrossRef283
Sadayoshi Onodera, Masato Tanaka, Misao Aoyama, Yoko Arai, Niro Inaba, Takao Suzuki, Akiko Nishizawa, Masahiro Shibata, Yasuo Sekine. (1999) Antiulcer Effect of Lafutidine on Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Antral Ulcers in Refed Rats.. The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 80:3, 229-235
CrossRef284
CJ Hawkey. (1999) COX-2 inhibitors. The Lancet 353:9149, 307-314
CrossRef285
Savarino, Mela, Zentilin, Bisso, Pivari, Vigneri, Termini, Fiorucci, Usai, Malesci, Celle. (1998) Comparison of 24-h control of gastric acidity by three different dosages of pantoprazole in patients with duodenal ulcer. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 12:12, 1241-1247
CrossRef286
Vincenzo Savarino, Sergio Vigneri, Guido Celle. (1998) Helicobacter pylori eradication in long-term users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The Lancet 352:9145, 2016-2017
CrossRef287
Chan, Sung, Suen, Lee, Wu, Leung, Chan, Lai, Lau, Ng, Chung. (1998) Does eradication of Helicobacter pylori impair healing of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug associated bleeding peptic ulcers? A prospective randomized study. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 12:12, 1201-1205
CrossRef288
Marie Bailey, William Chapin, Harvey Licht, James C. Reynolds. (1998) THE EFFECTS OF VASCULITIS ON THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AND LIVER. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 27:4, 747-782
CrossRef289
Frank L. Lanza, . (1998) A guideline for the treatment and prevention of NSAID-induced ulcers. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 93:11, 2037-2046
CrossRef290
CJ Hawkey, Z Tulassay, L Szczepanski, CJ van Rensburg, A Filipowicz-Sosnowska, A Lanas, CM Wason, RA Peacock, KRW Gillon. (1998) Randomised controlled trial of Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: HELP NSAIDs study. The Lancet 352:9133, 1016-1021
CrossRef291
(1998) Therapies for Ulcers Associated with Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs. New England Journal of Medicine 339:5, 349-351
Full Text292
J Scheiman. (1998) Agents used in the prevention and treatment of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-associated symptoms and ulcers. The American Journal of Medicine 105:1, 32S-38S
CrossRef293
M Wolfe. (1998) Future trends in the development of safer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The American Journal of Medicine 105:1, 44S-52S
CrossRef294
J Barkin. (1998) The relation between Helicobacter pylori and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The American Journal of Medicine 105:1, 22S-27S
CrossRef
- Letters
