Original Article
Lack of Effect of Long-Term Supplementation with Beta Carotene on the Incidence of Malignant Neoplasms and Cardiovascular Disease
N Engl J Med 1996; 334:1145-1149May 2, 1996
- Abstract
Background
Observational studies suggest that people who consume more fruits and vegetables containing beta carotene have somewhat lower risks of cancer and cardiovascular disease, and earlier basic research suggested plausible mechanisms. Because large randomized trials of long duration were necessary to test this hypothesis directly, we conducted a trial of beta carotene supplementation.
Methods
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of beta carotene (50 mg on alternate days), we enrolled 22,071 male physicians, 40 to 84 years of age, in the United States; 11 percent were current smokers and 39 percent were former smokers at the beginning of the study in 1982. By December 31, 1995, the scheduled end of the study, fewer than 1 percent had been lost to follow-up, and compliance was 78 percent in the group that received beta carotene.
Results
Among 11,036 physicians randomly assigned to receive beta carotene and 11,035 assigned to receive placebo, there were virtually no early or late differences in the overall incidence of malignant neoplasms or cardiovascular disease, or in overall mortality. In the beta carotene group, 1273 men had any malignant neoplasm (except nonmelanoma skin cancer), as compared with 1293 in the placebo group (relative risk, 0.98; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.91 to 1.06). There were also no significant differences in the number of cases of lung cancer (82 in the beta carotene group vs. 88 in the placebo group); the number of deaths from cancer (386 vs. 380), deaths from any cause (979 vs. 968), or deaths from cardiovascular disease (338 vs. 313); the number of men with myocardial infarction (468 vs. 489); the number with stroke (367 vs. 382); or the number with any one of the previous three end points (967 vs. 972). Among current and former smokers, there were also no significant early or late differences in any of these end points.
Conclusions
In this trial among healthy men, 12 years of supplementation with beta carotene produced neither benefit nor harm in terms of the incidence of malignant neoplasms, cardiovascular disease, or death from all causes.
Media in This Article
Figure 1
Incidence of Malignant Neoplasms, Cardiovascular Events, and Death from All Causes in the Beta Carotene and Placebo Groups.Table 1
Cases of Malignant Neoplasm in the Beta Carotene Component of the Physicians' Health Study, According to Treatment Group and Years of Follow-up.Article Activity
- Article
Observational epidemiologic studies suggest that people who consume higher dietary levels of fruits and vegetables containing beta carotene have a lower risk of certain types of cancer1,2 and cardiovascular disease,3 and basic research suggests plausible mechanisms.4-6 It is difficult to determine from observational studies, however, whether the apparent benefits are due to beta carotene itself, other nutrients in beta carotene–rich foods, other dietary habits, or other, nondietary lifestyle characteristics.7 Long-term, large, randomized trials can provide a direct test of the efficacy of beta carotene in the prevention of cancer or cardiovascular disease.8 For cancer, such trials should ideally last longer than the latency period (at least 5 to 10 years) of many types of cancer. A trial lasting 10 or more years could allow a sufficient period of latency and an adequate number of cancers for the detection of even a small reduction in overall risk due to supplementation with beta carotene.
Two large, randomized, placebo-controlled trials in well-nourished populations (primarily cigarette smokers) have been reported. The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene (ATBC) Cancer Prevention Study, a placebocontrolled trial, assigned 29,000 Finnish male smokers to receive beta carotene, vitamin E, both active agents, or neither, for an average of six years.9 The Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET) enrolled 18,000 men and women at high risk for lung cancer because of a history of cigarette smoking or occupational exposure to asbestos; this trial evaluated combined treatment with beta carotene and retinol for an average of less than four years.10 Both studies found no benefits of such supplementation in terms of the incidence of cancer or cardiovascular disease; indeed, both found somewhat higher rates of lung cancer and cardiovascular disease among subjects given beta carotene. The estimated excess risks were small, and it remains unclear whether beta carotene was truly harmful. Moreover, since the duration of these studies was relatively short, they leave open the possibility that benefit, especially in terms of cancer, would become evident with longer treatment and follow-up.11
In this report, we describe the findings of the beta carotene component of the Physicians' Health Study, a randomized trial in which 22,071 U.S. male physicians were treated and followed for an average of 12 years.
Methods
Study Design
The Physicians' Health Study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with a two-by-two factorial design that tested aspirin and beta carotene in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer. The methods of the study have been described in detail previously.12,13 Briefly, 22,071 U.S. male physicians, who were 40 to 84 years of age in 1982 and had no history of cancer (except nonmelanoma skin cancer), myocardial infarction, stroke, or transient cerebral ischemia, were randomly assigned to one of four groups: aspirin (325 mg on alternate days [Bufferin, provided by Bristol-Myers]) plus beta carotene placebo, beta carotene (50 mg on alternate days [Lurotin, provided by BASF Corporation]) plus aspirin placebo, both active agents, or both placebos. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, and the research protocol was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. At base line in 1982, 11 percent of the physicians were current smokers and 39 percent were former smokers.
The randomized aspirin component of the study was terminated early, on January 25, 1988, on the advice of the external data-monitoring board, primarily because there was a statistically significant (P<0.001) 44 percent reduction in the risk of a first myocardial infarction in the aspirin group.12,13 The randomized beta carotene component continued uninterrupted until its scheduled termination, on December 31, 1995. A total of 11,036 physicians were assigned at random to receive beta carotene and 11,035 to receive beta carotene placebo. Data on all 22,071 participants were analyzed according to their treatment assignment, regardless of subsequent compliance.
Study Treatment and Follow-up
Every six months for the first year and annually thereafter, the participants were sent monthly calendar packs (provided by Bristol-Myers from 1982 through 1988) that contained red capsules (beta carotene or placebo) for even-numbered days and white pills (aspirin or placebo) for odd-numbered days. After January 25, 1988, physicians could request that their white pills be active aspirin, but the beta carotene component of the trial remained randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled until December 31, 1995. Participants were sent brief yearly follow-up questionnaires, asking about their compliance with the treatment regimen and about the occurrence of any relevant events. After three mailed requests for follow-up information, the participants were contacted by telephone. When the randomized aspirin study was terminated, participants had been treated for an average of five years; 99.7 percent were providing follow-up with respect to morbidity by mailed questionnaire or telephone interview; follow-up for mortality was 100 percent complete. At the time, 85 percent of the beta carotene group was still taking the study pills; in the placebo group, 4 percent reported taking beta carotene or vitamin A supplements.
By the end of 1995, participants had been taking beta carotene or placebo for an average of 12 years (range, 11.6 to 14.2). At the end of 11 years of follow-up (the last year completed for all participants), 99.2 percent were still providing information on morbidity; follow-up for mortality was 99.99 percent complete. In both the beta carotene group and the placebo group, 80 percent of participants were still taking the study pills, with an average compliance of over 97 percent. The remaining 20 percent were not taking any study pills. Thus, in the beta carotene group, 78 percent of the study pills were reported as still being taken; in the placebo group, 6 percent of the physicians reported taking supplemental beta carotene or vitamin A.
To assess the validity of reported compliance with the assigned treatment, we measured plasma beta carotene concentrations in blood obtained at unannounced visits to study participants' offices in three geographic areas.14 Those assigned to receive beta carotene had significantly higher concentrations than those given placebo (1.2 vs. 0.3 mg per liter [2.24 vs. 0.56 mmol per liter], P<0.001). Only one participant assigned to the placebo group had a plasma beta carotene concentration equal to the mean in the beta carotene group, and he reported taking a beta carotene supplement. In addition, there was a highly significant correlation between the subjects' reports of their compliance with the study regimen and their plasma beta carotene concentrations (r = 0.69, P<0.001).
Confirmation of End Points
When a relevant end point was reported, we requested written consent to review the participant's medical records. Details were requested from hospitals and treating physicians. Reports of malignant neoplasms, cardiovascular disease, or death were considered refuted or confirmed only after the examination of all available information by an end-points committee made up of two internists, a cardiologist, and a neurologist, all of whom were blinded to the treatment assignments. When written consent or the relevant records could not be obtained, a reported event was not classified as confirmed. So far, medical records have been obtained and reviewed for over 95 percent of the events reported as of October 24, 1995. Unless otherwise indicated, the analyses reported here for the main end points include all events that have not been refuted by review of the medical records, since most of the events reported by participating doctors will eventually be confirmed. In fact, 95 percent of the events that have not been refuted have so far been confirmed. Furthermore, all analyses were repeated with only confirmed events included, and the results were virtually identical to those without the exclusion of events not yet confirmed for all time periods. (We have also presented data on major end points based only on confirmed events.)
Reported cases of malignant neoplasm required confirmation by pathology report. Diagnoses of nonfatal myocardial infarction were confirmed with the use of World Health Organization criteria.15 Nonfatal stroke was defined as a typical neurologic deficit, either sudden or rapid in onset, that lasted more than 24 hours and was attributed to a cerebrovascular event. Death due to a cardiovascular cause was confirmed by convincing evidence of a cardiovascular mechanism from available sources, including death certificates, hospital records, and (for death outside the hospital) observers' accounts.
The primary end point for the beta carotene component of the trial was any type of malignant neoplasm except nonmelanoma skin cancer. Malignant neoplasms diagnosed within two years of randomization were considered separately, as specified in advance, since many of these may have been present as preclinical disease at base line. For the end points of malignant neoplasm, myocardial infarction, and stroke, only the first end point in each category reported by a participant was counted. For example, if a participant reported having a malignant neoplasm, no subsequently diagnosed case was counted in the analyses of total malignant neoplasms, although that physician continued to be followed for cardiovascular disease and mortality.
Statistical Analysis
The Cox proportional-hazards model was used to estimate the relative risk of an end point among those randomly assigned to beta carotene as compared with those assigned to placebo, with adjustment for age at base line and, during the first five years, random assignment to the aspirin or placebo group in the aspirin component of the trial. Controlling for assignment with respect to aspirin did not change the estimates of relative risk, nor did the participants' assignment with respect to aspirin materially alter the effect of beta carotene on any of the primary end points. For each relative risk, the 95 percent confidence interval and two-sided P value were calculated. As expected in a large, randomized trial, the distribution of base-line characteristics was virtually identical in the beta carotene and placebo groups.16
Results
Malignant Neoplasms
As shown in Table 1Table 1
Cases of Malignant Neoplasm in the Beta Carotene Component of the Physicians' Health Study, According to Treatment Group and Years of Follow-up. and Figure 1Figure 1Incidence of Malignant Neoplasms, Cardiovascular Events, and Death from All Causes in the Beta Carotene and Placebo Groups., after an average of 12 years of treatment and follow-up, there was no significant effect of beta carotene on the primary end point of all cases of malignant neoplasm (1273 cases in the beta carotene group vs. 1293 in the placebo group; relative risk, 0.98; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.91 to 1.06). When the period of risk was subdivided according to years of follow-up, there was still no statistically significant benefit or harm, even after five or more years of treatment and follow-up. When these analyses were repeated with only confirmed events included, the relative risks were virtually identical for all time periods, including five or more years (Table 1).Similarly, there was no statistically significant benefit or harm due to beta carotene with respect to cancer of the lung (82 cases in the beta carotene group vs. 88 in the placebo group), colon and rectum (167 vs. 174), prostate (520 vs. 527), stomach (19 vs. 21), pancreas (29 vs. 21), or brain (25 vs. 31) or for melanoma (64 vs. 73), leukemia (35 vs. 42), or lymphoma (86 vs. 80). With respect to bladder cancer, there were 62 cases in the beta carotene group and 41 in the placebo group; with respect to thyroid cancer, there were 16 in the beta carotene group and 2 in the placebo group. After adjustment for multiple comparisons, however, neither of these differences was statistically significant at the 0.05 level. In fact, previous observational studies of bladder cancer17 and thyroid cancer18 had suggested a possible protective effect of foods rich in beta carotene. There was no significant effect of beta carotene on the number of deaths due to all malignant neoplasms (386 vs. 380) (Table 1) or deaths due to lung cancer (63 vs. 62).
Cardiovascular Events
There was no statistically significant benefit or harm from beta carotene with respect to the number of myocardial infarctions (468 in the beta carotene group vs. 489 in the placebo group), strokes (367 vs. 382), deaths due to cardiovascular causes (338 vs. 313), all important cardiovascular events (967 vs. 972), or deaths from all causes (979 vs. 968) (Table 2Table 2
Cardiovascular End Points and Total Mortality in the Beta Carotene Component of the Physicians' Health Study, According to Treatment Group. and Figure 1). Moreover, there was no significant trend toward greater benefit or harm with an increasing duration of treatment, even five or more years after randomization.Effects among Smokers
Although the ATBC and CARET studies raised the possibility that beta carotene might cause harm in current smokers, the relative risk of all malignant neoplasms for participants in the Physicians' Health Study who were smokers in 1982 was 1.05 for the beta carotene group as compared with the placebo group (95 percent confidence interval, 0.86 to 1.28); that of lung cancer, 0.90 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.58 to 1.40); that of death from cardiovascular causes, 1.13 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.80 to 1.61); and that of death from all causes, 1.05 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.86 to 1.29) (Table 3Table 3
End Points in the Beta Carotene Component of the Physicians' Health Study, According to Treatment Group and Smoking Status at Base Line.).Side Effects
During 12 years of treatment and follow-up, no major side effects were significantly associated with assignment to beta carotene supplementation. Minor side effects included statistically significant increases in reports of yellowing of the skin (which occurred in 1745 subjects in the beta carotene group as compared with 1535 in the placebo group) and minor gastrointestinal symptoms, such as belching associated with the red capsules (275 vs. 124), findings described previously in studies of beta carotene in this dose and formulation.19
Discussion
This large-scale, randomized trial among apparently healthy, well-nourished men demonstrated no statistically significant benefit or harm due to 12 years of beta carotene supplementation in terms of malignant neoplasms, cardiovascular disease, or death. Because of the long duration of the trial, these findings are particularly informative, and the large sample and narrow confidence intervals exclude even a small overall benefit or harm due to beta carotene with a high degree of assurance. However, for individual end points such as stroke, myocardial infarction, and particular types of cancer, the confidence intervals are wider and do not preclude the possibility of a small absolute effect. In view of the slow development of many cancers, follow-up in this and the other trials of beta carotene will continue even though treatment has ceased, in case any benefits or hazards become clear later.
Factors that could, at least in theory, have produced a false finding of no benefit or harm include an inadequate dose of beta carotene or poor compliance with the assigned treatment. The dose of beta carotene used in the trial, however, placed participants in the top few percentiles of the general population with respect to usual intake, while minimizing noticeable yellowing of the skin. In our studies of the bioavailability of beta carotene, this alternate-day dosage and formulation increased plasma beta carotene concentrations approximately fourfold.14 This intake is above the level of dietary beta carotene consumption that is associated with benefit in observational studies and is roughly equivalent in effects on blood levels to about two carrots a day (as compared with about three carrots a day in the ATBC study and four carrots a day in CARET). Poor compliance (either the failure of those assigned to receive beta carotene to adhere to the study treatment or the use of beta carotene supplements by those assigned to the placebo group) is not a plausible explanation for our findings, since there was 85 percent compliance with beta carotene treatment after 5 years and compliance was still 78 percent after 12 years; in addition, the use of beta carotene or vitamin A supplements was reported by only 6 percent of the placebo group even by the end of the trial.
Observation bias is an unlikely explanation for our findings, since reports of end points were refuted or confirmed by a committee of physicians blinded to the participants' treatment assignments, and separate analyses of unrefuted and confirmed events gave virtually identical results.
Two other large trials of beta carotene or combination treatments incorporating beta carotene in well-nourished populations9,10 and one in a poorly nourished population20 have been conducted, but they involved only four to six years of treatment, with no post-treatment results yet available. One reported a significant benefit of beta carotene,20 whereas two found that it had significant adverse effects with respect to cancer rates in the first few years.9,10 In our trial, however, we found no evidence either of benefit or of increased risk associated with beta carotene, even in the later period. There were 996 malignant neoplasms diagnosed five or more years after randomization in the beta carotene group, and 1027 in the placebo group. The absence of a significant effect on cancer rates in the later part of the study suggests that beta carotene supplements are likely to have little or no effect on cancer rates in the first few years after randomization.
Furthermore, the finding in the two other large trials of possible harm among smokers given beta carotene9,10 is not consistent with the results of observational studies, which have, in fact, suggested that fruits and vegetables rich in beta carotene may prevent lung cancer21,22 and coronary heart disease23 in smokers. Although, in the Physicians' Health Study, participants who were cigarette smokers in 1982 represented only 11 percent and former smokers only 39 percent of the total, those assigned to receive beta carotene supplements had no statistically significant decrease or increase in risks.
In addition to these four large-scale trials, two smaller trials of beta carotene supplementation in the prevention of recurrent skin cancer19 and colon polyps24 have also been completed. Both found that beta carotene had no significant benefit or harm.
Our chief aim in this trial was to provide either a definitive positive result or an informative null finding on which to base rational public health recommendations. The need for such reliable evidence is underscored by the fact that a substantial amount of money is spent on beta carotene supplements by the general public. Even though beta carotene is ineffective in preventing cancer and cardiovascular disease, other micronutrients may not be. For example, vitamin E supplementation remains promising as a preventive intervention.3,23,25 It is currently being tested in a large-scale primary-prevention trial among women26 and in several trials among people at high risk.27 For beta carotene, however, the results of this trial indicate that supplementation is not effective in preventing cancer or cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy, well-nourished men.
Supported by grants (CA-34944, CA-40360, HL-26490, and HL-34595) from the National Institutes of Health.
We are indebted to the 22,071 study physicians for their dedicated and conscientious collaboration; to the staff of the Physicians' Health Study, particularly Allison Blodgett, Beth Breen, Kenneth Breen, Mary Breen, Michael Jonas, Patrick McCormack, Geneva McNair, Leslie Power, Joanne Crowley Smith, Ayn Stampfer, Miriam Schvartz, M.D., Michelle Sheehey, Martin Van Denburgh, and Phyllis Johnson Wojciechowski; and to the BASF Corporation and Bristol-Myers Products for their logistic support.
Source Information
From the Divisions of Preventive Medicine (C.H.H., J.E.B., J.E.M., N.R.C., C.B., F.L., J.M.G., P.M.R.) and Cardiovascular Medicine (J.M.G., P.M.R.) and the Channing Laboratory (M.S., B.R., W.W.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; the Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School (C.H.H., J.E.B., N.R.C.); and the Departments of Epidemiology (C.H.H., J.E.B., M.S., W.W.), Biostatistics (B.R.), and Nutrition (M.S., W.W.), Harvard School of Public Health — all in Boston; and the Imperial Cancer Research Fund Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, England (R.P.).
Address reprint requests to Dr. Hennekens at 900 Commonwealth Ave. E., Boston, MA 02215.
Appendix
The members of the End Points Committee were S. Goldhaber, C. Kase, M. Stampfer, and J. Taylor (chairman). The members of the Data Safety and Monitoring Board were L. Cohen, R. Collins, D. DeMets (chairman), I.C. Henderson, A. LaCroix, and R. Prentice. Ex officio members were F. Ferris, L. Friedman, P. Greenwald, N. Kurinij, M. Perloff, and E. Schron.
- References
References
1
Peto R ,Doll R ,Buckley JD ,Sporn MB . Can dietary beta-carotene materially reduce human cancer rates? Nature 1981;290:201-208
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline2
Buring JE, Hennekens CH. Retinoids and carotenoids. In: DeVita VT Jr, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, eds. Cancer: principles and practice of oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1993:464-74.
3
Gaziano JM ,Manson JE ,Buring JE ,Hennekens CH . Dietary antioxidants and cardiovascular disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1992;669:249-259
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline4
Burton GW ,Ingold KU . Beta-carotene: an unusual type of lipid antioxidant. Science 1984;224:569-573
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline5
Stich HF ,Rosin MP ,Vallejera MO . Reduction with vitamin A and beta-carotene administration of proportion of micronucleated buccal mucosal cells in Asian betel nut and tobacco chewers. Lancet 1984;1:1204-1206
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline6
Steinberg D ,Parthasarathy S ,Carew TE ,Khoo JC ,Witztum JL . Beyond cholesterol: modifications of low-density lipoprotein that increase its atherogenicity. N Engl J Med 1989;320:915-924
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline7
Hennekens CH ,Buring JE . Observational evidence. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993;703:18-24
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline8
Hennekens CH, Buring JE. Epidemiology in medicine. Boston: Little, Brown, 1987.
9
The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline10
Omenn GS ,Goodman GE ,Thornquist MD , et al. Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 1996;334:1150-1155
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline11
Hennekens CH ,Buring JE ,Peto R . Antioxidant vitamins -- benefits not yet proven. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1080-1081
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline12
The Steering Committee of the Physicians' Health Study Research Group
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline13
The Steering Committee of the Physicians' Health Study Research Group
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline14
Satterfield S ,Greco PJ ,Goldhaber SZ , et al. Biochemical markers of compliance in the Physicians' Health Study. Am J Prev Med 1990;6:290-294
Web of Science | Medline15
World Health Organization. Ischaemic heart disease registers: report of the Fifth Working Group (including a second revision of the operating protocol): Copenhagen, 26-29 April 1971. Copenhagen, Denmark: Regional Office for Europe, World Health Organization, 1971.
16
Manson JE ,Buring JE ,Satterfield S ,Hennekens CH . Baseline characteristics of participants in the Physicians' Health Study: a randomized trial of aspirin and beta-carotene in U.S. physicians. Am J Prev Med 1991;7:150-154
Web of Science | Medline17
Nomura AMY ,Kolonel LN ,Hankin JH ,Yoshizawa CN . Dietary factors in cancer of the lower urinary tract. Int J Cancer 1991;48:199-205
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline18
Franceschi S ,Levi F ,Negri E ,Fassina A ,La Vecchia C . Diet and thyroid cancer: a pooled analysis of four European case-control studies. Int J Cancer 1991;48:395-398
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline19
Greenberg ER ,Baron JA ,Stukel TA , et al. A clinical trial of beta carotene to prevent basal-cell and squamous-cell cancers of the skin. N Engl J Med 1990;323:789-795[Erratum, N Engl J Med 1991;325:1324.]
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline20
Blot WJ ,Li J-Y ,Taylor PR , et al. Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: supplementation with specific vitamin/mineral combinations, cancer incidence, and disease-specific mortality in the general population. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85:1483-1492
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline21
Menkes MS ,Comstock GW ,Vuilleumier JP ,Helsing KJ ,Rider AA ,Brookmeyer R . Serum beta-carotene, vitamins A and E, selenium, and the risk of lung cancer. N Engl J Med 1986;315:1250-1254
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline22
Hennekens CH . Micronutrients and cancer prevention. N Engl J Med 1986;315:1288-1289
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline23
Rimm EB ,Stampfer MJ ,Ascherio A ,Giovannucci E ,Colditz GA ,Willett WC . Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease in men. N Engl J Med 1993;328:1450-1456
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline24
Greenberg ER ,Baron JA ,Tosteson TD , et al. A clinical trial of antioxidant vitamins to prevent colorectal adenoma. N Engl J Med 1994;331:141-147
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline25
Stampfer MJ ,Hennekens CH ,Manson JE ,Colditz GA ,Rosner B ,Willett WC . Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary disease in women. N Engl J Med 1993;328:1444-1449
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline26
Buring JE ,Hennekens CH . The Women's Health Study: summary of the study design. J Myocard Ischemia 1992;4:27-2927
Gaziano JM, Manson JE, Hennekens CH. Natural antioxidants and cardiovascular disease: observational epidemiologic studies and randomized trials. In: Frei B, ed. Natural antioxidants in human health and disease. San Diego, Calif.: Academic Press, 1994:387-409.
- Citing Articles (678)
Citing Articles
1
Fereidoon Shahidi, Ying Zhong, Anoma Chandrasekara. 2012. Antioxidants and Human Health. , 273-308.
CrossRef2
Jenny T. Mao, Ravi Durvasula. (2012) Lung cancer chemoprevention: current status and future directions. Current Respiratory Care Reports
CrossRef3
Sergi Abad, Xavier Turon. (2012) Valorization of biodiesel derived glycerol as a carbon source to obtain added-value metabolites: Focus on polyunsaturated fatty acids. Biotechnology Advances
CrossRef4
Charles S. Dela Cruz, Lynn T. Tanoue, Richard A. Matthay. (2011) Lung Cancer: Epidemiology, Etiology, and Prevention. Clinics in Chest Medicine 32:4, 605-644
CrossRef5
S. Briancon, S. Boini, S. Bertrais, F. Guillemin, P. Galan, S. Hercberg. (2011) Long-term antioxidant supplementation has no effect on health-related quality of life: The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, primary prevention SU.VI.MAX trial. International Journal of Epidemiology 40:6, 1605-1616
CrossRef6
A.R. Kennedy, X.S. Wan. (2011) Countermeasures for space radiation induced adverse biologic effects. Advances in Space Research 48:9, 1460-1479
CrossRef7
Danielle N. Margalit, Julie L. Kasperzyk, Neil E. Martin, Howard D. Sesso, John. Michael Gaziano, Jing Ma, Meir J. Stampfer, Lorelei A. Mucci. (2011) Beta-carotene Antioxidant Use During Radiation Therapy and Prostate Cancer Outcome in the Physicians’ Health Study. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
CrossRef8
T. Bergstrom, J. Bergman, L. Moller. (2011) Vitamin A and C compounds permitted in supplements differ in their abilities to affect cell viability, DNA and the DNA nucleoside deoxyguanosine. Mutagenesis 26:6, 735-744
CrossRef9
Julie L. Kasperzyk, William V. Shappley, Stacey A. Kenfield, Lorelei A. Mucci, Tobias Kurth, Jing Ma, Meir J. Stampfer, Martin G. Sanda. (2011) Watchful Waiting and Quality of Life Among Prostate Cancer Survivors in the Physicians' Health Study. The Journal of Urology 186:5, 1862-1867
CrossRef10
Jennifer G. Robinson, Catherine Rahilly-Tierney, Elizabeth Lawler, J. Michael Gaziano. (2011) Benefits associated with achieving optimal risk factor levels for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in older men. Journal of Clinical Lipidology
CrossRef11
Young-Jee Jeon, Seung-Kwon Myung, Eun-Hyun Lee, Yeol Kim, Yoon Jung Chang, Woong Ju, Hong-Jun Cho, Hong Gwan Seo, Bong Yul Huh. (2011) Effects of Beta-Carotene Supplements on Cancer Prevention: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrition and Cancer111007072326003
CrossRef12
D. Papaioannou, K. L. Cooper, C. Carroll, D. Hind, H. Squires, P. Tappenden, R. F. Logan. (2011) Antioxidants in the chemoprevention of colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomas in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Colorectal Disease 13:10, 1085-1099
CrossRef13
Peter C. Wootton-Beard, Lisa Ryan. (2011) Improving public health?: The role of antioxidant-rich fruit and vegetable beverages. Food Research International
CrossRef14
Koichi Sugamura, John F. Keaney,. (2011) Reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular disease. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 51:5, 978-992
CrossRef15
W.-P. Koh, J.-M. Yuan, R. Wang, Y.-P. Lee, B.-L. Lee, M.C. Yu, C.-N. Ong. (2011) Plasma carotenoids and risk of acute myocardial infarction in the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases 21:9, 685-690
CrossRef16
Graham A. Colditz, Kathleen Y. Wolin. (2011) Transdisciplinary Training in Cancer Prevention: Reflections on Two Decades of Training. Journal of Cancer Education 26:3, 586-590
CrossRef17
Michael Goodman, Roberd M. Bostick, Omer Kucuk, Dean P. Jones. (2011) Clinical trials of antioxidants as cancer prevention agents: Past, present, and future. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 51:5, 1068-1084
CrossRef18
Vikram Sinai Talaulikar, Timothy Chambers, Isaac Manyonda. (2011) Exploiting the antioxidant potential of a common vitamin: Could vitamin C prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis?. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Researchno-no
CrossRef19
Yumiko Yasui, Masashi Hosokawa, Nana Mikami, Kazuo Miyashita, Takuji Tanaka. (2011) Dietary astaxanthin inhibits colitis and colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis in mice via modulation of the inflammatory cytokines. Chemico-Biological Interactions 193:1, 79-87
CrossRef20
Zhiyong Zou, Xianrong Xu, Yangmu Huang, Xin Xiao, Le Ma, Tingting Sun, Pengcheng Dong, Xun Wang, Xiaoming Lin. (2011) High serum level of lutein may be protective against early atherosclerosis: The Beijing atherosclerosis study. Atherosclerosis
CrossRef21
Nina Kaludercic, Andrea Carpi, Roberta Menabò, Fabio Di Lisa, Nazareno Paolocci. (2011) Monoamine oxidases (MAO) in the pathogenesis of heart failure and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research 1813:7, 1323-1332
CrossRef22
Eun-Jung Rhee, Shriram Nallamshetty, Jorge Plutzky. (2011) Retinoid metabolism and its effects on the vasculature. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
CrossRef23
Tommaso Gori, Thomas Münzel. (2011) Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction: Therapeutic implications. Annals of Medicine 43:4, 259-272
CrossRef24
Pedro L. Prieto-Hontoria, Patricia Pérez-Matute, Marta Fernández-Galilea, Matilde Bustos, J. Alfredo Martínez, María J. Moreno-Aliaga. (2011) Role of obesity-associated dysfunctional adipose tissue in cancer: A molecular nutrition approach. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1807:6, 664-678
CrossRef25
Jaap Keijer, Melissa Bekkenkamp-Grovenstein, Dini Venema, Yvonne E.M. Dommels. (2011) Bioactive food components, cancer cell growth limitation and reversal of glycolytic metabolism. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1807:6, 697-706
CrossRef26
Mae Sheikh-Ali, Joe M Chehade, Arshag D Mooradian. (2011) The Antioxidant Paradox in Diabetes Mellitus. American Journal of Therapeutics 18:3, 266-278
CrossRef27
William H. Shrank, Amanda R. Patrick, M. Alan Brookhart. (2011) Healthy User and Related Biases in Observational Studies of Preventive Interventions: A Primer for Physicians. Journal of General Internal Medicine 26:5, 546-550
CrossRef28
Maria Trojano, Damiano Paolicelli, Carla Tortorella, Piero Iaffaldano, Guglielmo Lucchese, Vita Di Renzo, Mariangela D’Onghia. (2011) Natural History of Multiple Sclerosis: Have Available Therapies Impacted Long-Term Prognosis?. Neurologic Clinics 29:2, 309-321
CrossRef29
Paul D. Terry, Robert J. Glynn, Julie E. Buring, Howard D. Sesso. (2011) Hypertension and risk of death from external causes in the Physicians’ Health Study enrollment cohort. International Journal of Public Health 56:2, 231-235
CrossRef30
Catherine Rahilly-Tierney, Howard D. Sesso, Luc Djoussé, John Michael Gaziano. (2011) Lifestyle changes and 14-year change in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in a cohort of male physicians. American Heart Journal 161:4, 712-718
CrossRef31
Richard Walden, Brian Tomlinson. 2011. Cardiovascular Disease. , 333-359.
CrossRef32
S. M. Cohen, L. L. Arnold. (2011) Chemical Carcinogenesis. Toxicological Sciences 120:Supplement 1, S76-S92
CrossRef33
Yvonne G. J. Helden, Roger W. L. Godschalk, Hans J. M. Swarts, Peter C. H. Hollman, Frederik J. Schooten, Jaap Keijer. (2011) Beta-carotene affects gene expression in lungs of male and female Bcmo1 −/− mice in opposite directions. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 68:3, 489-504
CrossRef34
Maria Marino, Roberta Masella, Pamela Bulzomi, Ilaria Campesi, Walter Malorni, Flavia Franconi. (2011) Nutrition and human health from a sex–gender perspective. Molecular Aspects of Medicine 32:1, 1-70
CrossRef35
Sheila Anne Doggrell. (2011) Lowering LDL cholesterol with margarine containing plant stanol/sterol esters: Is it still relevant in 2011?. Complementary Therapies in Medicine 19:1, 37-46
CrossRef36
Giuseppe Querques, Raimondo Forte, Eric H. Souied. (2011) Retina and Omega-3. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2011, 1-12
CrossRef37
Yaling Yang, Sze Wa Chan, Miao Hu, Richard Walden, Brian Tomlinson. (2011) Effects of Some Common Food Constituents on Cardiovascular Disease. ISRN Cardiology 2011, 1-16
CrossRef38
F.P. Perera, S.C. Edwards. 2011. Prenatal Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). , 659-668.
CrossRef39
Anita Jerome-Morais, Alan M. Diamond, Margaret E. Wright. (2011) Dietary supplements and human health: For better or for worse?. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 55:1, 122-135
CrossRef40
Ather Ali, Yuka Yazaki, Valentine Y Njike, Yingying Ma, David L Katz. (2011) Effect of fruit and vegetable concentrates on endothelial function in metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. Nutrition Journal 10:1, 72
CrossRef41
Sayaka TAKEDA, Mamoru KIMURA, Ranko MARUSHIMA, Ayako TAKEUCHI, Kazue TAKIZAWA, Yuji OGINO, Yasunobu MASUDA, Masaaki KUNOU, Mineo HASEGAWA, Chizuko MARUYAMA. (2011) Mayonnaise Contributes to Increasing Postprandial Serum β-Carotene Concentration through the Emulsifying Property of Egg Yolk in Rats and Humans. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 57:3, 209-215
CrossRef42
Yoon Jung Chang, Seung-Kwon Myung, Sung Tae Chung, Yeol Kim, Eun-Hyun Lee, Young-Jee Jeon, Chang-Hae Park, Hong Gwan Seo, Bong Yul Huh. (2011) Effects of Vitamin Treatment or Supplements with Purported Antioxidant Properties on Skin Cancer Prevention: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Dermatology 223:1, 36-44
CrossRef43
Olivia I. Okereke, JoAnn E. Manson. 2011. The VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL). , 2043-2055.
CrossRef44
Bryan Corrin, Andrew G. Nicholson. 2011. Tumours. , 531-705.
CrossRef45
Bryan Corrin, Andrew G. Nicholson. 2011. Pulmonary manifestations of systemic disease. , 471-507.
CrossRef46
Gabriela M. Kuster, Stéphanie P. Häuselmann, Berit I. Rosc-Schlüter, Vera Lorenz, Otmar Pfister. (2010) Reactive Oxygen/Nitrogen Species and the Myocardial Cell Homeostasis: An Ambiguous Relationship. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling 13:12, 1899-1910
CrossRef47
Berrington de Gonzalez, Amy, Hartge, Patricia, Cerhan, James R., Flint, Alan J., Hannan, Lindsay, MacInnis, Robert J., Moore, Steven C., Tobias, Geoffrey S., Anton-Culver, Hoda, Freeman, Laura Beane, Beeson, W. Lawrence, Clipp, Sandra L., English, Dallas R., Folsom, Aaron R., Freedman, D. Michal, Giles, Graham, Hakansson, Niclas, Henderson, Katherine D., Hoffman-Bolton, JudithHoppin, Jane A., Koenig, Karen L., Lee, I-Min, Linet, Martha S., Park, Yikyung, Pocobelli, Gaia, Schatzkin, Arthur, Sesso, Howard D., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Willcox, Bradley J., Wolk, Alicja, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne, Willett, Walter C., Thun, Michael J., . (2010) Body-Mass Index and Mortality among 1.46 Million White Adults. New England Journal of Medicine 363:23, 2211-2219
Full Text48
Ross L. Prentice. (2010) Chronic Disease Prevention Research Methods and Their Reliability, With Illustrations From the Women’s Health Initiative. Journal of the American Statistical Association 105:492, 1431-1443
CrossRef49
M. G. Soni, T. S. Thurmond, E. R. Miller, T. Spriggs, A. Bendich, S. T. Omaye. (2010) Safety of Vitamins and Minerals: Controversies and Perspective. Toxicological Sciences 118:2, 348-355
CrossRef50
Alberto Ruano-Raviña, Mónica Pérez-Ríos, Juan Barros-Dios. 2010. Plants Antioxidants and Lung Cancer Risk. , 455-469.
CrossRef51
D. P. Jones. (2010) Redox sensing: orthogonal control in cell cycle and apoptosis signalling. Journal of Internal Medicine 268:5, 432-448
CrossRef52
Begoña De Ancos, Concepción Sánchez_Moreno, Lucía Plaza, M. Pilar Cano. 2010. Nutritional and Health Aspects of Fresh_Cut Vegetables. , 145-184.
CrossRef53
2010. Micronutrients in Prevention and Improvement of the Standard Therapy in HIV/AIDS. , 269-283.
CrossRef54
2010. Micronutrients in Cancer Prevention. , 103-131.
CrossRef55
2010. Scientific Rationale of Current Trends in Clinical Studies of Micronutrients for Prevention of Chronic Diseases. , 23-34.
CrossRef56
Nathan Bushue, Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan. (2010) Retinoid pathway and cancer therapeutics. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 62:13, 1285-1298
CrossRef57
Helman S. Alfonso, Alison Reid, Nicholas H. de Klerk, Nola Olsen, Robin Mina, Gina L. Ambrosini, John Beilby, Geoffrey Berry, Bill A.W. Musk. (2010) Retinol supplementation and mesothelioma incidence in workers earlier exposed to blue asbestos (Crocidolite) at Wittenoom, Western Australia. European Journal of Cancer Prevention 19:5, 355-359
CrossRef58
Alfredo Morabia, Michael C. Costanza. (2010) Vitamin D as in different. Preventive Medicine 51:3-4, 195-196
CrossRef59
Koji Suzuki, Takashi Inoue, Shuji Hashimoto, Junichi Ochiai, Yasuhiro Kusuhara, Yoshinori Ito, Nobuyuki Hamajima. (2010) Association of serum carotenoids with high molecular weight adiponectin and inflammation markers among Japanese subjects. Clinica Chimica Acta 411:17-18, 1330-1334
CrossRef60
Krister Sjödahl, Jesper Lagergren. (2010) Epidemiological aspects of gastric adenocarcinoma: are predictive diagnostics and targeted preventive measures possible?. The EPMA Journal 1:3, 461-471
CrossRef61
Lina Badimon, Gemma Vilahur, Teresa Padro. (2010) Nutraceuticals and Atherosclerosis: Human Trials. Cardiovascular Therapeutics 28:4, 202-215
CrossRef62
J. A. Driver, R. Yung, J. M. Gaziano, T. Kurth. (2010) Chronic Disease in Men With Newly Diagnosed Cancer: A Nested Case-Control Study. American Journal of Epidemiology 172:3, 299-308
CrossRef63
Tinoy J. Kizhakekuttu, Michael E. Widlansky. (2010) Natural Antioxidants and Hypertension: Promise and Challenges. Cardiovascular Therapeutics 28:4, e20-e32
CrossRef64
Y. G. J. van Helden, R. W. Godschalk, S. G. Heil, A. Bunschoten, S. Hessel, J. Amengual, M. L. Bonet, J. von Lintig, F. J. van Schooten, J. Keijer. (2010) Downregulation of Fzd6 and Cthrc1 and upregulation of olfactory receptors and protocadherins by dietary beta-carotene in lungs of Bcmo1-/- mice. Carcinogenesis 31:8, 1329-1337
CrossRef65
Lei Jiang, Ke-hu Yang, Jin-hui Tian, Quan-lin Guan, Nan Yao, Nong Cao, Deng-hai Mi, Jie Wu, Bin Ma, Sun-hu Yang. (2010) Efficacy of Antioxidant Vitamins and Selenium Supplement in Prostate Cancer Prevention: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrition and Cancer 62:6, 719-727
CrossRef66
Marleny D.A. Saldaña, Feral Temelli, Selma E. Guigard, Bruno Tomberli, Chris G. Gray. (2010) Apparent solubility of lycopene and β-carotene in supercritical CO2, CO2+ethanol and CO2+canola oil using dynamic extraction of tomatoes. Journal of Food Engineering 99:1, 1-8
CrossRef67
P. P. Singh, Anu Chandra, Farzana Mahdi, Ajanta Roy, Praveen Sharma. (2010) Reconvene and Reconnect the Antioxidant Hypothesis in Human Health and Disease. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry 25:3, 225-243
CrossRef68
Yvonne G. J. Helden, Sandra G. Heil, Frederik J. Schooten, Evelien Kramer, Susanne Hessel, Jaume Amengual, Joan Ribot, Katja Teerds, Adrian Wyss, Georg Lietz, M. Luisa Bonet, Johannes Lintig, Roger W. L. Godschalk, Jaap Keijer. (2010) Knockout of the Bcmo1 gene results in an inflammatory response in female lung, which is suppressed by dietary beta-carotene. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 67:12, 2039-2056
CrossRef69
Todd M. Gibson, Leah M. Ferrucci, Joseph A. Tangrea, Arthur Schatzkin. (2010) Epidemiological and Clinical Studies of Nutrition. Seminars in Oncology 37:3, 282-296
CrossRef70
Nina Roswall. (2010) Folate and lung cancer risk. Lung Cancer 67:3, 380-381
CrossRef71
Nina Roswall, Anja Olsen, Jane Christensen, Lars O. Dragsted, Kim Overvad, Anne Tjønneland. (2010) Source-specific effects of micronutrients in lung cancer prevention. Lung Cancer 67:3, 275-281
CrossRef72
Graham A. Colditz, Philip R. Taylor. (2010) Prevention Trials: Their Place in How We Understand the Value of Prevention Strategies. Annual Review of Public Health 31:1, 105-120
CrossRef73
Cheng-Hung Chuang, Chin-Shiu Huang, Miao-Lin Hu. (2010) Vitamin E and rutin synergistically inhibit expression of vascular endothelial growth factor through down-regulation of binding activity of activator protein-1 in human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. Chemico-Biological Interactions 183:3, 434-441
CrossRef74
Nusrat Shafiq, Meenu Singh, Sharonjeet Kaur, Pratibha Khosla, Samir Malhotra, Nusrat Shafiq. 2010. Dietary treatment for familial hypercholesterolaemia. .
CrossRef75
M P C Kao, D S C Ang, A Pall, A D Struthers. (2010) Oxidative stress in renal dysfunction: mechanisms, clinical sequelae and therapeutic options. Journal of Human Hypertension 24:1, 1-8
CrossRef76
S.-K. Myung, Y. Kim, W. Ju, H. J. Choi, W. K. Bae. (2010) Effects of antioxidant supplements on cancer prevention: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Annals of Oncology 21:1, 166-179
CrossRef77
Johann C Brandes, Ruhul Amin, Fadlo Khuri, Dong Moon Shin. (2010) Prevention of Lung Cancer: Future Perspective with Natural Compounds. Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 69:1, 1
CrossRef78
Yongsoon Park. (2010) Intakes of vegetables and related nutrients such as vitamin B complex, potassium, and calcium, are negatively correlated with risk of stroke in Korea. Nutrition Research and Practice 4:4, 303
CrossRef79
N BINKLEY. 2010. Alcohol Use and Bone Health in Men. , 435-442.
CrossRef80
Y. G.J. van Helden, J. Keijer, S. G. Heil, C. Pico, A. Palou, P. Oliver, A. Munnia, J. J. Briede, M. Peluso, N. L. Franssen-van Hal, F. J. van Schooten, R. W. L. Godschalk. (2009) Beta-carotene affects oxidative stress-related DNA damage in lung epithelial cells and in ferret lung. Carcinogenesis 30:12, 2070-2076
CrossRef81
Regina Goralczyk. (2009) ß-Carotene and Lung Cancer in Smokers: Review of Hypotheses and Status of Research. Nutrition and Cancer 61:6, 767-774
CrossRef82
J. R. Stark, G. Judson, J. F. Alderete, V. Mundodi, A. S. Kucknoor, E. L. Giovannucci, E. A. Platz, S. Sutcliffe, K. Fall, T. Kurth, J. Ma, M. J. Stampfer, L. A. Mucci. (2009) Prospective Study of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection and Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality: Physicians' Health Study. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 101:20, 1406-1411
CrossRef83
Y. Chaiter, S. B. Gruber, A. Ben-Amotz, R. Almog, H. S. Rennert, R. Fischler, G. Rozen, G. Rennert. (2009) Smoking attenuates the negative association between carotenoids consumption and colorectal cancer risk. Cancer Causes & Control 20:8, 1327-1338
CrossRef84
Stéphane Poulain, Fanny Evenou, Marie-Christiane Carré, Serge Corbel, Jean-Michel Vignaud, Nadine Martinet. (2009) Vitamin A/retinoids signalling in the human lung. Lung Cancer 66:1, 1-7
CrossRef85
Neil Binkley. (2009) Is Vitamin D the Fountain of Youth?. Endocrine Practice 15:6, 590-596
CrossRef86
Lorelei A. Mucci, Jennifer R. Stark, William D. Figg, Fredrick Schumacher, Haojie Li, Miyako Abe, Kristen Hennessy, Meir J. Stampfer, John Michael Gaziano, Jing Ma, Philip W. Kantoff. (2009) Polymorphism in endostatin, an angiogenesis inhibitor, and prostate cancer risk and survival: A prospective study. International Journal of Cancer 125:5, 1143-1146
CrossRef87
Jakub J. Regieli, J. Wouter Jukema, Pieter A. Doevendans, Aeilko H. Zwinderman, John J. Kastelein, Diederick E. Grobbee, Yolanda van der Graaf. (2009) Paraoxonase Variants Relate to 10-Year Risk in Coronary Artery Disease. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 54:14, 1238-1245
CrossRef88
Paola Palozza, Cristiana Torelli, Alma Boninsegna, Rossella Simone, Assunta Catalano, Maria Cristina Mele, Nevio Picci. (2009) Growth-inhibitory effects of the astaxanthin-rich alga Haematococcus pluvialis in human colon cancer cells. Cancer Letters 283:1, 108-117
CrossRef89
G. P. Webb. (2009) Interpreting nutritional science: what have we learnt from the past?. Nutrition Bulletin 34:3, 309-315
CrossRef90
Su-Jung Sung, Doo-Gyo Jung, Won-Kee Lee, Yoo-Jung Kim, Hye-Sung Lee. (2009) Analysis of Relative Risk of Stroke by Nutrient Intake Levels - Case-Control Study in Daegu.Gyeongbuk Area, Korea -. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 38:8, 1050-1061
CrossRef91
Stephen M. Sagar, Brian D. Lawenda. (2009) The role of integrative oncology in a tertiary prevention survivorship program. Preventive Medicine 49:2-3, 93-98
CrossRef92
K. Svennevig. (2009) RE: "LONG-TERM USE OF -CAROTENE, RETINOL, LYCOPENE, AND LUTEIN SUPPLEMENTS AND LUNG CANCER RISK: RESULTS FROM THE VITAMINS AND LIFESTYLE (VITAL) STUDY". American Journal of Epidemiology 170:3, 401-402
CrossRef93
Arunangshu Das, James Bortner, Dhimant Desai, Shantu Amin, Karam El-Bayoumy. (2009) The selenium analog of the chemopreventive compound S,S′-(1,4-phenylenebis[1,2-ethanediyl])bisisothiourea is a remarkable inducer of apoptosis and inhibitor of cell growth in human non-small cell lung cancer. Chemico-Biological Interactions 180:2, 158-164
CrossRef94
Robert G Fassett, Jeff S Coombes. (2009) Astaxanthin, oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Future Cardiology 5:4, 333-342
CrossRef95
Patrudu S. Makena, Samuel C. Pierce, King-Thom Chung, Scott E. Sinclair. (2009) Comparative mutagenic effects of structurally similar flavonoids quercetin and taxifolin on tester strains Salmonella typhimurium TA102 and Escherichia coli WP-2 uvrA. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 50:6, 451-459
CrossRef96
Yuqing Zhang, Patricia Coogan, Julie R. Palmer, Brian L. Strom, Lynn Rosenberg. (2009) Vitamin and mineral use and risk of prostate cancer: the case–control surveillance study. Cancer Causes & Control 20:5, 691-698
CrossRef97
Jennifer Rider Stark, Haojie Li, Peter Kraft, Tobias Kurth, Edward L. Giovannucci, Meir J. Stampfer, Jing Ma, Lorelei A. Mucci. (2009) Circulating prediagnostic interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein and prostate cancer incidence and mortality. International Journal of Cancer 124:11, 2683-2689
CrossRef98
R. W.-L. Ma, K. Chapman. (2009) A systematic review of the effect of diet in prostate cancer prevention and treatment. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 22:3, 187-199
CrossRef99
Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig, Verena Getzinger, Olaf Kunert, Karin Woelkart, Johann Zahrl, Rudolf Bauer. (2009) Determination of falcarinol in carrot (Daucus carota L.) genotypes using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Food Chemistry 114:3, 1083-1090
CrossRef100
Matthew R. Richardson, Xianyin Lai, Joseph L. Dixon, Michael Sturek, Frank A. Witzmann. (2009) Diabetic dyslipidemia and exercise alter the plasma low-density lipoproteome in Yucatan pigs. PROTEOMICS 9:9, 2468-2483
CrossRef101
Emilio Herrera, Rafael Jiménez, Okezie I Aruoma, Serge Hercberg, Isidro Sánchez-García, César Fraga. (2009) Aspects of antioxidant foods and supplements in health and disease. Nutrition Reviews 67, S140-S144
CrossRef102
Fethi Kamışlı, Fikret Karatas. (2009) Effects of sulphurisation on vitamins (A, C and E) and malondialdehyde in apricots. International Journal of Food Science & Technology 44:5, 987-993
CrossRef103
Kevin C. Chung, Jennifer A. Swanson, DeLaine Schmitz, Daniel Sullivan, Rod J. Rohrich. (2009) Introducing Evidence-Based Medicine to Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 123:4, 1385-1389
CrossRef104
Yasuaki Hayashino, Charles H. Hennekens, Tobias Kurth. (2009) Aspirin Use and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Apparently Healthy Men. The American Journal of Medicine 122:4, 374-379
CrossRef105
S. Honarbakhsh, M. Schachter. (2009) Vitamins and cardiovascular disease. British Journal of Nutrition 101:08, 1113
CrossRef106
Y.-L. Qiao, S. M. Dawsey, F. Kamangar, J.-H. Fan, C. C. Abnet, X.-D. Sun, L. L. Johnson, M. H. Gail, Z.-W. Dong, B. Yu, S. D. Mark, P. R. Taylor. (2009) Total and Cancer Mortality After Supplementation With Vitamins and Minerals: Follow-up of the Linxian General Population Nutrition Intervention Trial. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 101:7, 507-518
CrossRef107
Chun Liu, Xiang-Dong Wang, Lorelei Mucci, J. Michael Gaziano, Shumin M. Zhang. (2009) Modulation of lung molecular biomarkers by β-carotene in the Physicians' Health Study. Cancer 115:5, 1049-1058
CrossRef108
R. Sunkara, M. Verghese, L.T. Walker, L. Shackelfor. (2009) Suppression of Colon Cancer Development in an Azoxymethane-Fisher 344 Rat Model by Cranberry. Research Journal of Phytochemistry 3:2, 25-34
CrossRef109
Niki Katsiki, Christos Manes. (2009) Is there a role for supplemented antioxidants in the prevention of atherosclerosis?. Clinical Nutrition 28:1, 3-9
CrossRef110
J. A. Satia, A. Littman, C. G. Slatore, J. A. Galanko, E. White. (2009) Long-term Use of -Carotene, Retinol, Lycopene, and Lutein Supplements and Lung Cancer Risk: Results From the VITamins And Lifestyle (VITAL) Study. American Journal of Epidemiology 169:7, 815-828
CrossRef111
M. J. Amiot-Carlin. 2009. Digestion and absorption of lipophilic food micronutrients. , 171-193.
CrossRef112
Abe E. Sahmoun, Gary G. Schwartz. (2009) Smoking and Supplement Use Among Men in a Rural Population. Journal of Dietary Supplements 6:3, 280-289
CrossRef113
George A. Asare, Michael C. Kew, Kensese S. Mossanda, Alan C. Paterson, Kwanele Siziba, Christiana P. Kahler-Venter. (2009) Effects of Exogenous Antioxidants on Dietary Iron Overload. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition 44:1, 85-94
CrossRef114
Jong-Myon Bae. (2009) Explaining Cancer Incidence in the Jejudo Population. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health 42:1, 67
CrossRef115
D. Albanes. (2008) Vitamin Supplements and Cancer Prevention: Where Do Randomized Controlled Trials Stand?. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 101:1, 2-4
CrossRef116
J. Lin, N. R. Cook, C. Albert, E. Zaharris, J. M. Gaziano, M. Van Denburgh, J. E. Buring, J. E. Manson. (2008) Vitamins C and E and Beta Carotene Supplementation and Cancer Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 101:1, 14-23
CrossRef117
Claudio Pelucchi, Luigino Dal Maso, Maurizio Montella, Maria Parpinel, Eva Negri, Renato Talamini, Aldo Giudice, Silvia Franceschi, Carlo La Vecchia. (2008) Dietary intake of carotenoids and retinol and endometrial cancer risk in an Italian case–control study. Cancer Causes & Control 19:10, 1209-1215
CrossRef118
Mohamad Sidani, Carol Ziegler. (2008) Preventing Heart Disease: Who Needs to be Concerned and What to Do. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 35:4, 589-607
CrossRef119
M.-T. Leccia. (2008) Antioxydants et photoprotection : prudence !. Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie 135:12, 807-809
CrossRef120
M. Hori, K. Nishida. (2008) Oxidative stress and left ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction. Cardiovascular Research 81:3, 457-464
CrossRef121
Eliane Kellen, Geertruida Bekkering. 2008. Can Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Oppose the Negative Health Effects of Tobacco?. , 311-320.
CrossRef122
William Christen. 2008. Nutritional Antioxidants and Prevention of Cataract. , 267-279.
CrossRef123
Jonathan Silberstein, J Kellogg Parsons. (2008) Current concepts in diet and prostate cancer. Aging Health 4:5, 495-505
CrossRef124
Wildon R. Farwell, J. Michael Gaziano, Edward P. Norkus, Howard D. Sesso. (2008) The relationship between total plasma carotenoids and risk factors for chronic disease among middle-aged and older men. British Journal of Nutrition 100:04,
CrossRef125
John Bertram. 2008. Modulation of Gene Expression by Dietary Carotenoids and Retinoids. .
CrossRef126
K. Fall, J.R. Stark, L.A. Mucci, J. Chan, M.J. Stampfer, T. Kurth, P.G. Febbo, P. Kantoff, J. Ma. (2008) No association between a polymorphic variant of the IRS-1 gene and prostate cancer risk. The Prostate 68:13, 1416-1420
CrossRef127
Luc Dauchet, Sandrine Péneau, Sandrine Bertrais, Anne Claire Vergnaud, Carla Estaquio, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Sébastien Czernichow, Alain Favier, Henri Faure, Pilar Galan, Serge Hercberg. (2008) Relationships between different types of fruit and vegetable consumption and serum concentrations of antioxidant vitamins. British Journal of Nutrition 100:03,
CrossRef128
Michelle Le Brocq, Stephen J. Leslie, Philip Milliken, Ian L. Megson. (2008) Endothelial Dysfunction: From Molecular Mechanisms to Measurement, Clinical Implications, and Therapeutic Opportunities. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling 10:9, 1631-1674
CrossRef129
P. Palozza, R. Sestito, N. Picci, P. Lanza, G. Monego, F. O. Ranelletti. (2008) The sensitivity to -carotene growth-inhibitory and proapoptotic effects is regulated by caveolin-1 expression in human colon and prostate cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 29:11, 2153-2161
CrossRef130
Rebecca P. Gelber, J. Michael Gaziano, E. John Orav, JoAnn E. Manson, Julie E. Buring, Tobias Kurth. (2008) Measures of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Among Men and Women. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 52:8, 605-615
CrossRef131
Goran Bjelakovic, Dimitrinka Nikolova, Rosa G Simonetti, Christian Gluud, Goran Bjelakovic. 2008. Antioxidant supplements for preventing gastrointestinal cancers. .
CrossRef132
Angela Risch, Christoph Plass. (2008) Lung cancer epigenetics and genetics. International Journal of Cancer 123:1, 1-7
CrossRef133
Tawee Tanvetyanon, Gerold Bepler. (2008) Beta‐carotene in multivitamins and the possible risk of lung cancer among smokers versus former smokers. Cancer 113:1, 150-157
CrossRef134
Xuezhe Yin, Jishu Quan, Takemichi Kanazawa. (2008) Banana Prevents Plasma Oxidative Stress in Healthy Individuals. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 63:2, 71-76
CrossRef135
Aviv Shaish, Ayelet Harari, Yehuda Kamari, Etienne Soudant, Dror Harats, Ami Ben-Amotz. (2008) A Carotenoid Algal Preparation Containing Phytoene and Phytofluene Inhibited LDL Oxidation In Vitro. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 63:2, 83-86
CrossRef136
Thomas C. Keyserling, Carmen D. Samuel Hodge, Stephanie B. Jilcott, Larry F. Johnston, Beverly A. Garcia, Ziya Gizlice, Myron D. Gross, Carla E. Saviñon, Shrikant I. Bangdiwala, Julie C. Will, Rosanne P. Farris, Stewart Trost, Alice S. Ammerman. (2008) Randomized trial of a clinic-based, community-supported, lifestyle intervention to improve physical activity and diet: The North Carolina enhanced WISEWOMAN project. Preventive Medicine 46:6, 499-510
CrossRef137
Marcia L. Taylor, Brian J. Wells, Michael J. Smolak. (2008) Statins and cancer: a meta-analysis of case???control studies. European Journal of Cancer Prevention 17:3, 259-268
CrossRef138
Chun Liu, Robert M Russell. (2008) Nutrition and gastric cancer risk: an update. Nutrition Reviews 66:5, 237-249
CrossRef139
Theo M. Kok, Simone G. Breda, Margaret M. Manson. (2008) Mechanisms of combined action of different chemopreventive dietary compounds. European Journal of Nutrition 47:S2, 51-59
CrossRef140
Olga Dosil-Díaz, Alberto Ruano-Ravina, Juan J. Gestal-Otero, Juan M. Barros-Dios. (2008) Consumption of fruit and vegetables and risk of lung cancer: A case-control study in Galicia, Spain. Nutrition 24:5, 407-413
CrossRef141
K. Richard Bruckdorfer. (2008) Antioxidants and CVD. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 67:02, 214-222
CrossRef142
2008. References. , 291-324.
CrossRef143
François Meyer, Isabelle Bairati, André Fortin, Michel Gélinas, Abdenour Nabid, François Brochet, Bernard Têtu. (2008) Interaction between antioxidant vitamin supplementation and cigarette smoking during radiation therapy in relation to long-term effects on recurrence and mortality: A randomized trial among head and neck cancer patients. International Journal of Cancer 122:7, 1679-1683
CrossRef144
Anna Brzozowska, Joanna Kaluza, Kim T. B. Knoops, Lisette C. P. G. M. Groot. (2008) Supplement use and mortality: the SENECA study. European Journal of Nutrition 47:3, 131-137
CrossRef145
Nadir Arber, Bernard Levin. (2008) Chemoprevention of Colorectal Neoplasia: The Potential for Personalized Medicine. Gastroenterology 134:4, 1224-1237
CrossRef146
C. Persson, S. Sasazuki, M. Inoue, N. Kurahashi, M. Iwasaki, T. Miura, W. Ye, S. Tsugane, . (2008) Plasma levels of carotenoids, retinol and tocopherol and the risk of gastric cancer in Japan: a nested case-control study. Carcinogenesis 29:5, 1042-1048
CrossRef147
Jong-Myon Bae, Eun Ja Lee, Gordon Guyatt. (2008) Citrus fruit intake and stomach cancer risk: a quantitative systematic review. Gastric Cancer 11:1, 23-32
CrossRef148
Linda Van Horn, Mikelle McCoin, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Frances Burke, Jo Ann S. Carson, Catherine M. Champagne, Wahida Karmally, Geeta Sikand. (2008) The Evidence for Dietary Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 108:2, 287-331
CrossRef149
Jack Challem. (2008) Medical Journal Watch: Context and Applications. Alternative and Complementary Therapies 14:1, 48-52
CrossRef150
Jennifer R Evans, Katherine S Henshaw, Jennifer R Evans. 2008. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age-related macular degeneration. .
CrossRef151
Magda Souza, Walter Koff, Tania Furlanetto. 2008. Tomato Paste and Benign Prostate Hyperplasia. , 411-427.
CrossRef152
L.A. Bazzano. 2008. Epidemiologic evidence for the effect of fruit and vegetables on cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and obesity. , 119-144.
CrossRef153
Marina Bar-Shai, Eli Carmeli, Predrag Ljubuncic, Abraham Z. Reznick. (2008) Exercise and immobilization in aging animals: The involvement of oxidative stress and NF-κB activation. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 44:2, 202-214
CrossRef154
Tomoyuki Shirai. (2008) Significance of chemoprevention for prostate cancer development: Experimental in vivo approaches to chemoprevention. Pathology International 58:1, 1-16
CrossRef155
M.J. Amiot, D. Lairon. 2008. Fruit and vegetables, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. , 95-118.
CrossRef156
Maria Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis, Gayatri Borthakur, James L. Burns, Phyllis E. Bowen. (2008) Correlations of dietary patterns with prostate health. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 52:1, 114-130
CrossRef157
Jong-Myon Bae, Eun Ja Lee, Gordon Guyatt. (2008) Citrus Fruits Intake and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Quantitative Systematic Review. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health 41:3, 159
CrossRef158
D. Papandreou, F. Athanassiadou. (2008) Are maternal diet, birth weight, breastfeeding and antioxidants playing a role in pediatric leukemia? A review. Nutrition & Food Science 38:1, 32-40
CrossRef159
Soley Seren, Ronald Lieberman, Ulas D Bayraktar, Elisabeth Heath, Kazim Sahin, Fundagul Andic, Omer Kucuk. (2008) Lycopene in Cancer Prevention and Treatment. American Journal of Therapeutics 15:1, 66-81
CrossRef160
P. Terry, J. B. Terry, A. Wolk. (2008) Fruit and vegetable consumption in the prevention of cancer: an update. Journal of Internal Medicine 250:4, 280
CrossRef161
Nobuya YANAI, Shigenobu SHIOTANI, Shoji HAGIWARA, Hiroshi NABETANI, Mitsutoshi NAKAJIMA. (2008) Antioxidant Combination Inhibits Reactive Oxygen Species Mediated Damage. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 72:12, 3100-3106
CrossRef162
Goran Bjelakovic, Lise Lotte Gluud, Dimitrinka Nikolova, Kate Whitfield, Jørn Wetterslev, Christian Gluud, Goran Bjelakovic. 2008. .
CrossRef163
F. Berrino, A. Villarini. 2008. Fruit and vegetables and cancer. , 75-94.
CrossRef164
A. Bardia, I. M. Tleyjeh, J. R. Cerhan, A. K. Sood, P. J. Limburg, P. J. Erwin, V. M. Montori. (2008) Efficacy of Antioxidant Supplementation in Reducing Primary Cancer Incidence and Mortality: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 83:1, 23-34
CrossRef165
Feral Temelli, Marleny Saldaña, Paul Moquin, Mei Sun. 2007. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Specialty Oils. , 51-101.
CrossRef166
2007. References. , 224-238.
CrossRef167
John Shi, Qin Qu, Yukio Kakuda, Sophia Jun Xue, Yueming Jiang, Shoji Koide, Youn-Young Shim. (2007) Investigation of the antioxidant and synergistic activity of lycopene and other natural antioxidants using LAME and AMVN model systems. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 20:7, 603-608
CrossRef168
David R. Jacobs, Linda C. Tapsell. (2007) Food, Not Nutrients, Is the Fundamental Unit in Nutrition. Nutrition Reviews 65:10, 439-450
CrossRef169
Nicolle Bader, Anja Bosy-Westphal, Andreas Koch, Gerald Rimbach, Allan Weimann, Henrik E. Poulsen, Manfred J. Müller. (2007) Effect of hyperbaric oxygen and vitamin C and E supplementation on biomarkers of oxidative stress in healthy men. British Journal of Nutrition 98:04,
CrossRef170
François Meyer, Isabelle Bairati, Édith Jobin, Michel Gélinas, André Fortin, Abdenour Nabid, Bernard Têtu. (2007) Acute Adverse Effects of Radiation Therapy and Local Recurrence in Relation to Dietary and Plasma Beta Carotene and Alpha Tocopherol in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Nutrition and Cancer 59:1, 29-35
CrossRef171
KARYN L. HAMILTON. (2007) Antioxidants and Cardioprotection. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 39:9, 1544-1553
CrossRef172
Judith Moreines, Richard Cotter, Leon Ellenbogen. 2007. Potential Benefits for the Use of Vitamin and Mineral Supplements. , 193-219.
CrossRef173
Cindy Davis. 2007. Mechanisms for Cancer-Protective Effects of Bioactive Dietary Components in Fruits and Vegetables. , 1187-1218.
CrossRef174
Barbara A. Liu, Allison McGeer, Margaret A. McArthur, Andrew E. Simor, Elaheh Aghdassi, Lori Davis, Johane P. Allard. (2007) RESPONSE LETTER TO DR. HEMILÃ. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 55:8, 1313-1314
CrossRef175
R P Gelber, T Kurth, J E Manson, J E Buring, J M Gaziano. (2007) Body mass index and mortality in men: evaluating the shape of the association. International Journal of Obesity 31:8, 1240-1247
CrossRef176
Xiao-Chun Xu. (2007) Tumor-suppressive activity of retinoic acid receptor-β in cancer. Cancer Letters 253:1, 14-24
CrossRef177
Caroline Lidebjer, Per Leanderson, Jan Ernerudh, Lena Jonasson. (2007) Low plasma levels of oxygenated carotenoids in patients with coronary artery disease. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases 17:6, 448-456
CrossRef178
Sara Raimondi, Seymour Garte, Radim J. Sram, Blanka Binkova, Ivan Kalina, K. Lyubomirova, Emanuela Taioli, Rajinder Singh, Peter B. Farmer. (2007) Effects of diet on biomarkers of exposure and effects, and on oxidative damage. Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 620:1-2, 93-102
CrossRef179
Jane A. Driver, Tobias Kurth, Julie E. Buring, J. Michael Gaziano, Giancarlo Logroscino. (2007) Prospective case–control study of nonfatal cancer preceding the diagnosis of parkinson’s disease. Cancer Causes & Control 18:7, 705-711
CrossRef180
John S. Bertram. 2007. Carotenoids as Cancer Preventive Agents. , 307-332.
CrossRef181
Micheline M. Mathews-Roth. 2007. Beta-Carotene in Erythropoietic Protoporphyria. , 333-343.
CrossRef182
Mika J. Thomson, Valentina Puntmann, Juan-Carlos Kaski. (2007) Atherosclerosis and Oxidant Stress: The End of the Road for Antioxidant Vitamin Treatment?. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy 21:3, 195-210
CrossRef183
Conrad O. Perera, Gan Mei Yen. (2007) Functional Properties of Carotenoids in Human Health. International Journal of Food Properties 10:2, 201-230
CrossRef184
Biljana Miljanović, Reza Dana, David A. Sullivan, Debra A. Schaumberg. (2007) Impact of Dry Eye Syndrome on Vision-Related Quality of Life. American Journal of Ophthalmology 143:3, 409-415.e2
CrossRef185
Jane A. Driver, J. Michael Gaziano, Rebecca P. Gelber, I.-Min Lee, Julie E. Buring, Tobias Kurth. (2007) Development of a Risk Score for Colorectal Cancer in Men. The American Journal of Medicine 120:3, 257-263
CrossRef186
Christine A. Northrop-Clewes, David I. Thurnham. (2007) Monitoring micronutrients in cigarette smokers. Clinica Chimica Acta 377:1-2, 14-38
CrossRef187
Stephanie B. Jilcott, Thomas C. Keyserling, Carmen D. Samuel-Hodge, Larry F. Johnston, Myron D. Gross, Alice S. Ammerman. (2007) Validation of a Brief Dietary Assessment to Guide Counseling for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction in an Underserved Population. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 107:2, 246-255
CrossRef188
Iain L. C. Chapple, John B. Matthews. (2007) The role of reactive oxygen and antioxidant species in periodontal tissue destruction. Periodontology 2000 43:1, 160-232
CrossRef189
M. Plummer, J. Vivas, G. Lopez, J. C. Bravo, S. Peraza, E. Carillo, E. Cano, D. Castro, O. Andrade, V. Sanchez, R. Garcia, E. Buiatti, C. Aebischer, S. Franceschi, W. Oliver, N. Munoz. (2007) Chemoprevention of Precancerous Gastric Lesions With Antioxidant Vitamin Supplementation: A Randomized Trial in a High-Risk Population. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 99:2, 137-146
CrossRef190
Mohamed M. Rafi, Prem Narayan Yadav, Marynell Reyes. (2007) Lycopene Inhibits LPS-Induced Proinflammatory Mediator Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Mouse Macrophage Cells. Journal of Food Science 72:1, S069-S074
CrossRef191
Jeffrey Knox, Barak Gaster. (2007) Dietary Supplements for The Prevention and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 13:1, 83-96
CrossRef192
Pamela Mason. (2007) One is okay, more is better? Pharmacological aspects and safe limits of nutritional supplements. Proceedings of The Nutrition Society 66:4,
CrossRef193
Hyesun P. McNulty, Jungsoo Byun, Samuel F. Lockwood, Robert F. Jacob, R. Preston Mason. (2007) Differential effects of carotenoids on lipid peroxidation due to membrane interactions: X-ray diffraction analysis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 1768:1, 167-174
CrossRef194
Geoffrey P. Webb. (2007) Nutritional supplements and conventional medicine; what should the physician know?. Proceedings of The Nutrition Society 66:4,
CrossRef195
Fikret Karatas, Fethi Kamışlı. (2007) Variations of vitamins (A, C and E) and MDA in apricots dried in IR and microwave. Journal of Food Engineering 78:2, 662-668
CrossRef196
Mihye KIM, Akira MURAKAMI, Hajime OHIGASHI. (2007) Modifying Effects of Dietary Factors on (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate-induced Pro-matrix Metalloproteinase-7 Production in HT-29 Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 71:10, 2442-2450
CrossRef197
Graziano Riccioni, Tonino Bucciarelli, Barbara Mancini, Carmine Di Ilio, Valerie Capra, Nicolantonio D’Orazio. (2007) The role of the antioxidant vitamin supplementation in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 16:1, 25-32
CrossRef198
Yang Kun, Umar Ssonko Lule, Ding Xiao-Lin. (2006) Lycopene: Its Properties and Relationship to Human Health. Food Reviews International 22:4, 309-333
CrossRef199
Shu-Lan Yeh, Shu-Hsuan Wu. (2006) Effects of quercetin on β-apo-8′-carotenal-induced DNA damage and cytochrome P1A2 expression in A549 cells. Chemico-Biological Interactions 163:3, 199-206
CrossRef200
S. Hercberg. (2006) L’étude SU.VI.MAX, un essai contrôlé randomisé, en double aveugle, testant l’effet de la supplémentation en vitamins et minéraux antioxydants sur la santé. Annales Pharmaceutiques Françaises 64:6, 397-401
CrossRef201
Eva Szabo. (2006) Selecting targets for cancer prevention: where do we go from here?. Nature Reviews Cancer 6:11, 867-874
CrossRef202
Mauro Serafini, Debora Villano, Giovanni Spera, Nicoletta Pellegrini. (2006) Redox Molecules and Cancer Prevention: The Importance of Understanding the Role of the Antioxidant Network. Nutrition and Cancer 56:2, 232-240
CrossRef203
J Austin, N Singhal, R Voigt, F Smaill, M J Gill, S Walmsley, I Salit, J Gilmour, W F Schlech, S Choudhri, A Rachlis, J Cohen, S Trottier, E Toma, P Phillips, P M Ford, R Woods, J Singer, D P Zarowny, D W Cameron. (2006) A community randomized controlled clinical trial of mixed carotenoids and micronutrient supplementation of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60:11, 1266-1276
CrossRef204
Isabelle Bairati, François Meyer, Edith Jobin, Michel Gélinas, André Fortin, Abdenour Nabid, François Brochet, Bernard Têtu. (2006) Antioxidant vitamins supplementation and mortality: A randomized trial in head and neck cancer patients. International Journal of Cancer 119:9, 2221-2224
CrossRef205
Stanley Omaye, Michael Dubick. 2006. Grape Wine and Tea Polyphenols in the Modulation of Atherosclerosis and Heart Disease. , 101-130.
CrossRef206
Yumei Cao, Jun Zhang, Penny M. Kris-Etherton. 2006. Effects of Nutrient Supplements and Nutraceuticals on Risk for Cardiovascular Disease. , 79-146.
CrossRef207
Steven Attia, George Wilding. (2006) Novel antioxidant technology for prostate cancer chemoprevention and treatment. Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents 16:9, 1255-1267
CrossRef208
Jie Sun, Rui Hai Liu. (2006) Cranberry phytochemical extracts induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cancer Letters 241:1, 124-134
CrossRef209
Rayjean J. Hung, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Jian Yu Rao, Allan Pantuck, Victor E. Reuter, David Heber, Qing-Yi Lu. (2006) Protective Effects of Plasma Carotenoids on the Risk of Bladder Cancer. The Journal of Urology 176:3, 1192-1197
CrossRef210
M Jenab, E Riboli, P Ferrari, M Friesen, J Sabate, T Norat, N Slimani, A Tjønneland, A Olsen, K Overvad, M-C Boutron-Ruault, F Clavel-Chapelon, H Boeing, M Schulz, J Linseisen, G Nagel, A Trichopoulou, A Naska, E Oikonomou, F Berrino, S Panico, D Palli, C Sacerdote, R Tumino, P H Peeters, M E Numans, H B Bueno-de-Mesquita, F L Büchner, E Lund, G Pera, M D Chirlaque, M-J Sánchez, L Arriola, A Barricarte, J R Quirós, I Johansson, A Johansson, G Berglund, S Bingham, K-T Khaw, N Allen, T Key, F Carneiro, V Save, G Del Giudice, M Plebani, R Kaaks, C A Gonzalez. (2006) Plasma and dietary carotenoid, retinol and tocopherol levels and the risk of gastric adenocarcinomas in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition. British Journal of Cancer 95:3, 406-415
CrossRef211
Takeshi Suzuki, Kenji Wakai, Keitaro Matsuo, Kaoru Hirose, Hidemi Ito, Kiyonori Kuriki, Shigeki Sato, Ryuzo Ueda, Yasuhisa Hasegawa, Kazuo Tajima. (2006) Effect of dietary antioxidants and risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma according to smoking and drinking habits. Cancer Science 97:8, 760-767
CrossRef212
Serge Hercberg, Sebastien Czernichow, Pilar Galan. (2006) Antioxidant vitamins and minerals in prevention of cancers: lessons from the SU.VI.MAX study. British Journal of Nutrition 96:S1, S28-S30
CrossRef213
L.J. Lea, P.A. Hepburn. (2006) Safety evaluation of phytosterol-esters. Part 9: Results of a European post-launch monitoring programme. Food and Chemical Toxicology 44:8, 1213-1222
CrossRef214
Ala Y. Issa, Suresh R. Volate, Michael J. Wargovich. (2006) The role of phytochemicals in inhibition of cancer and inflammation: New directions and perspectives. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 19:5, 405-419
CrossRef215
Regina Goralczyk, Heinrich Bachmann, Karin Wertz, Barbara Lenz, Georges Riss, Petra Buchwald Hunziker, Brad Greatrix, Claude-Pierre Aebischer. (2006) β-Carotene-Induced Changes in RARβ Isoform mRNA Expression Patterns Do Not Influence Lung Adenoma Multiplicity in the NNK-Initiated A/J Mouse Model. Nutrition and Cancer 54:2, 252-262
CrossRef216
Michael Goodman, Roberd M. Bostick, Kevin C. Ward, Paul D. Terry, Carla H. van Gils, Jack A. Taylor, Jack S. Mandel. (2006) Lycopene Intake and Prostate Cancer Risk: Effect Modification by Plasma Antioxidants and the XRCC1 Genotype. Nutrition and Cancer 55:1, 13-20
CrossRef217
Abha Gulati, Rose Sullivan, Julie E. Buring, David A. Sullivan, Reza Dana, Debra A. Schaumberg. (2006) Validation and Repeatability of a Short Questionnaire for Dry Eye Syndrome. American Journal of Ophthalmology 142:1, 125-131.e2
CrossRef218
S. J. Freemantle, K. H. Dragnev, E. Dmitrovsky. (2006) The Retinoic Acid Paradox in Cancer Chemoprevention. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 98:7, 426-427
CrossRef219
S. E. Rasmussen, N. L. Andersen, L. O. Dragsted, J. C. Larsen. (2006) A safe strategy for addition of vitamins and minerals to foods. European Journal of Nutrition 45:3, 123-135
CrossRef220
Pelayo Correa. (2006) Does Helicobacter pylori cause gastric cancer via oxidative stress?. Biological Chemistry 387:4, 361-364
CrossRef221
Maria V. Grau, Judy R. Rees, John A. Baron. (2006) Chemoprevention in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Current Status. Basic <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Clinical Pharmacology <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Toxicology 98:3, 281-287
CrossRef222
Jennifer Fisher Lowe, Lawrence A Frazee. (2006) Update on Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention. Pharmacotherapy 26:3, 353-359
CrossRef223
Frank Hu. 2006. Plant-Based Diets and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. , 127-136.
CrossRef224
I-M. Lee, J. M. Gaziano, J. E. Buring. (2006) Vitamin E in the Prevention of Prostate Cancer: Where Are We Today?. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 98:4, 225-227
CrossRef225
Howard D Sesso. (2006) Carotenoids and cardiovascular disease: what research gaps remain?. Current Opinion in Lipidology 17:1, 11-16
CrossRef226
Lawrence B. Berk. (2006) Primer on Integrative Oncology. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 20:1, 213-231
CrossRef227
Xiang-Dong Wang, Stacey King. 2006. Effects of Carotenoid Supplementation on Signal Transduction Pathways. , 113-128.
CrossRef228
Edward Giovannucci. 2006. Nutrient and Gene Interactions in Cancer. , 1-17.
CrossRef229
Ramu Raju, Marcia Cruz-Correa. (2006) Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer. Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 49:1, 113-125
CrossRef230
Long-Sheng Lu, Yen-Bin Liu, Chia-Wei Sun, Lung-Chun Lin, Ming-Jai Su, Chau-Chung Wu. (2006) Optical mapping of myocardial reactive oxygen species production throughout the reperfusion of global ischemia. Journal of Biomedical Optics 11:2, 021012
CrossRef231
Virginie Maillard, Claude Hoinard, Khelifa Arab, Marie-Lise Jourdan, Philippe Bougnoux, Véronique Chajès. (2006) Dietary β-carotene inhibits mammary carcinogenesis in rats depending on dietary α-linolenic acid content. British Journal of Nutrition 96:01, 18
CrossRef232
M Wolters, S Hermann, S Golf, N Katz, A Hahn. (2006) Selenium and antioxidant vitamin status of elderly German women. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60:1, 85-91
CrossRef233
Ugo Pastorino. (2006) Early Detection of Lung Cancer. Respiration 73:1, 5-13
CrossRef234
Barnett S. Kramer, Joan Wilentz, Duane Alexander, John Burklow, Lawrence M. Friedman, Richard Hodes, Ruth Kirschstein, Amy Patterson, Griffin Rodgers, Stephen E. Straus. (2006) Getting It Right: Being Smarter about Clinical Trials. PLoS Medicine 3:6, e144
CrossRef235
Ross Prentice. 2005. Observational Studies and Intervention Trials in Exercise, Diet, and Cancer Prevention Research. , 3-11.
CrossRef236
P. Palozza, A. Sheriff, S. Serini, A. Boninsegna, N. Maggiano, F. O. Ranelletti, G. Calviello, A. Cittadini. (2005) Lycopene induces apoptosis in immortalized fibroblasts exposed to tobacco smoke condensate through arresting cell cycle and down-regulating cyclin D1, pAKT and pBad. Apoptosis 10:6, 1445-1456
CrossRef237
Hiroshi Ohshima, Hiroshi Tazawa, Bakary S. Sylla, Tomohiro Sawa. (2005) Prevention of human cancer by modulation of chronic inflammatory processes. Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 591:1-2, 110-122
CrossRef238
Norman I. Krinsky, Elizabeth J. Johnson. (2005) Carotenoid actions and their relation to health and disease. Molecular Aspects of Medicine 26:6, 459-516
CrossRef239
David L. DeMets. (2005) Discussion on "Statistical Issues Arising in the Women's Health Initiative". Biometrics 61:4, 914-918
CrossRef240
Yafei Zhang, Rena Li. 2005. Nutrition, Brain Aging, and Alzheimer’s Disease. , 409-441.
CrossRef241
W. J. Petty, N. Li, A. Biddle, R. Bounds, C. Nitkin, Y. Ma, K. H. Dragnev, S. J. Freemantle, E. Dmitrovsky. (2005) A Novel Retinoic Acid Receptor Isoform and Retinoid Resistance in Lung Carcinogenesis. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 97:22, 1645-1651
CrossRef242
Rebecca P. Gelber, Tobias Kurth, Annamaria T. Kausz, JoAnn E. Manson, Julie E. Buring, Andrew S. Levey, J. Michael Gaziano. (2005) Association Between Body Mass Index and CKD in Apparently Healthy Men. American Journal of Kidney Diseases 46:5, 871-880
CrossRef243
B Cartmel, J Dziura, M R Cullen, S Vegso, G S Omenn, G E Goodman, C A Redlich. (2005) Changes in cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the Vanguard population of the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET). European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 59:10, 1173-1180
CrossRef244
P Galan, F E Viteri, S Bertrais, S Czernichow, H Faure, J Arnaud, D Ruffieux, S Chenal, N Arnault, A Favier, A-M Roussel, S Hercberg. (2005) Serum concentrations of β-carotene, vitamins C and E, zinc and selenium are influenced by sex, age, diet, smoking status, alcohol consumption and corpulence in a general French adult population. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 59:10, 1181-1190
CrossRef245
Cristina Fortes. 2005. Carotenoids in Cancer Prevention. .
CrossRef246
M. Touvier, E. Kesse, F. Clavel-Chapelon, M.-C. Boutron-Ruault. (2005) Dual Association of -Carotene With Risk of Tobacco-Related Cancers in a Cohort of French Women. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 97:18, 1338-1344
CrossRef247
H. A. Guess. 2005. Pharmacoepidemiology, Adverse and Beneficial Effects. .
CrossRef248
P. J. Skerrett, Charles H. Hennekens. 2005. Physicians' Health Study. .
CrossRef249
William J. Blot, Wong-Ho Chow, Joseph K. McLaughlin. 2005. Environmental Epidemiology. .
CrossRef250
Robert L Keith, York E Miller. (2005) Lung cancer: genetics of risk and advances in chemoprevention. Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine 11:4, 265-271
CrossRef251
Pelayo Correa. (2005) New strategies for the prevention of gastric cancer:Helicobacter pylori and genetic susceptibility. Journal of Surgical Oncology 90:3, 134-138
CrossRef252
S. Zaroukian, R. Pineault, S. Gandini, A. Lacroix, P. Ghadirian. (2005) Correlation between nutritional biomarkers and breast cancer: a case-control study. The Breast 14:3, 209-223
CrossRef253
Victor Cohen, Fadlo R Khuri. (2005) Chemoprevention of lung cancer: concepts and strategies. Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 5:3, 549-565
CrossRef254
Jukka Marniemi, Erkki Alanen, Olli Impivaara, Ritva Seppänen, Paula Hakala, Tapio Rajala, Tapani Rönnemaa. (2005) Dietary and serum vitamins and minerals as predictors of myocardial infarction and stroke in elderly subjects. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases 15:3, 188-197
CrossRef255
F. Robles-Agudo, F. Sanz-Segovia, J.M. López-Arrieta, M. Beltrán de la Ascensión. (2005) Alimentación y cáncer. Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología 40:3, 184-194
CrossRef256
Stephen Barnes, Jeevan Prasain. (2005) Current progress in the use of traditional medicines and nutraceuticals. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 8:3, 324-328
CrossRef257
J Michael Gaziano, Howard Sesso. 2005. Carotenoids and Cardiovascular Disease. .
CrossRef258
Norman Krinsky. 2005. Safety of _-Carotene. .
CrossRef259
Kyung-Jin Yeum, Giancarlo Aldini, Elizabeth Johnson, Robert Russell, Norman Krinsky. 2005. Effect of Feeding and Then Depleting a High Fruit and Vegetable Diet on Oxidizability in Human Serum. .
CrossRef260
Yoav Sharoni, Riad Agbaria, Hadar Amir, Anat Ben-Dor, Noga Dubi, Yudit Giat, Keren Hirsh, Gaby Izumchenko, Marina Khanin, Elena Kirilov, Amit Nahum, Michael Steiner, Yossi Walfisch, Shlomo Walfisch, Michael Danilenko, Joseph Levy. 2005. Regulation of Transcription by Antioxidant Carotenoids. .
CrossRef261
B Nier, Peter Weinberg, B Ewins, S Cremers. 2005. Effects of Antioxidants on Gene Expression in Endothelial Cells. , 141-180.
CrossRef262
Daehee Kang, Gloria Gridley, Wen-Yi Huang, Lawrence S. Engel, Deborah M. Winn, Linda M. Brown, Eleuterio Bravo-Otero, Tianxia Wu, Scott R. Diehl, Richard B. Hayes. (2005) Microsatellite polymorphisms in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene and the transforming growth factor-?? (TGFA) gene and risk of oral cancer in Puerto Rico. Pharmacogenetics and Genomics 15:5, 343-347
CrossRef263
Thomas S. Bowman, Howard D. Sesso, Robert J. Glynn, J. Michael Gaziano. (2005) JNC 7 Category and Risk of Cardiovascular Death in Men: Are There Differences by Age?. The American Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 14:3, 126-133
CrossRef264
K OZASA, Y ITO, K SUZUKI, Y WATANABE, K HAYASHI, K MIKAMI, M NAKAO, T MIKI, M MORI, F SAKAUCHI. (2005) SERUM CAROTENOIDS AND OTHER ANTIOXIDATIVE SUBSTANCES ASSOCIATED WITH UROTHELIAL CANCER RISK IN A NESTED CASE-CONTROL STUDY IN JAPANESE MEN. The Journal of Urology 173:5, 1502-1506
CrossRef265
E. S. Kim, W. K. Hong. (2005) An Apple a Day...Does It Really Keep the Doctor Away? The Current State of Cancer Chemoprevention. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 97:7, 468-470
CrossRef266
I. Bairati, F. Meyer, M. Gelinas, A. Fortin, A. Nabid, F. Brochet, J.-P. Mercier, B. Tetu, F. Harel, B. Masse, E. Vigneault, S. Vass, P. del Vecchio, J. Roy. (2005) A Randomized Trial of Antioxidant Vitamins to Prevent Second Primary Cancers in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 97:7, 481-488
CrossRef267
Serge Hercberg, Sandrine Bertrais, Sébastien Czernichow, Nathalie Noisette, Pilar Galan, Adèle Jaouen, Jean Tichet, Serge Briancon, Alain Favier, Louise Mennen, Anne-Marie Roussel. (2005) Alterations of the lipid profile after 7.5 years of low-dose antioxidant supplementation in the SU.VI.MAX study. Lipids 40:4, 335-342
CrossRef268
Karin B. Michels. (2005) The role of nutrition in cancer development and prevention. International Journal of Cancer 114:2, 163-165
CrossRef269
Frank J. Giordano. (2005) Oxygen, oxidative stress, hypoxia, and heart failure. Journal of Clinical Investigation 115:3, 500-508
CrossRef270
Jayadev Raju, Malisetty V. Swamy, Indranie Cooma, Jagan M.R. Patlolla, Brian Pittman, Bandaru S. Reddy, Vernon E. Steele, Chinthalapally V. Rao. (2005) Low doses of β-carotene and lutein inhibit AOM-induced rat colonic ACF formation but high doses augment ACF incidence. International Journal of Cancer 113:5, 798-802
CrossRef271
JOHN SHI, QIN QU, YUKIO KAKÙDA, DAVID YEUNG, YUEMING JIANG. (2005) Stability and Synergistic Effect of Antioxidative Properties of Lycopene and Other Active Components. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 44:7-8, 559-573
CrossRef272
Alice H Lichtenstein. (2005) Nutrients and cardiovascular disease: no easy answers – editorial review. Current Opinion in Lipidology 16:1, 1-3
CrossRef273
C. Salerno, C. Crifò, E. Capuozzo, O. Sommerburg, C.-D. Langhans, W. Siems. (2005) Effect of carotenoid oxidation products on neutrophil viability and function. BioFactors 24:1-4, 185-192
CrossRef274
Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Kotaro Ozasa, Yoshinori Ito, Koji Suzuki, Yoshikazu Nishino, Shin-ichi Kuriyama, Nao Seki, Takaaki Kondo, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Yoshiyuki Ohno, Akiko Tamakoshi. (2005) Updated Information on Risk Factors for Lung Cancer: Findings from the JACC Study. Journal of Epidemiology 15:Supplement_II, S134-S139
CrossRef275
Malgorzata Baranska, Hartwig Schulz. (2005) Spatial tissue distribution of polyacetylenes in carrot root. The Analyst 130:6, 855
CrossRef276
G. E. Goodman, M. D. Thornquist, J. Balmes, M. R. Cullen, F. L. Meyskens, G. S. Omenn, B. Valanis, J. H. Williams. (2004) The Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial: Incidence of Lung Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality During 6-Year Follow-up After Stopping -Carotene and Retinol Supplements. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 96:23, 1743-1750
CrossRef277
A. J. Duffield-Lillico, C. B. Begg. (2004) Reflections on the Landmark Studies of -Carotene Supplementation. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 96:23, 1729-1731
CrossRef278
David I. Thurnham. (2004) An overview of interactions between micronutrients and of micronutrients with drugs, genes and immune mechanisms. Nutrition Research Reviews 17:02, 211
CrossRef279
K. Swindells, L. E. Rhodes. (2004) Influence of oral antioxidants on ultraviolet radiation-induced skin damage in humans. Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine 20:6, 297-304
CrossRef280
Ross L. Prentice. (2004) Chronic disease prevention: public health potential and research needs. Statistics in Medicine 23:22, 3409-3420
CrossRef281
Nalini Sharma, Bradley Trope, Timothy O. Lipman. (2004) Vitamin Supplementation. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 38:10, 844-854
CrossRef282
Simin Liu, Yiqing Song, Frank B. Hu, Tianhua Niu, Jing Ma, Michael Gaziano, Meir J. Stampfer. (2004) A prospective study of the APOA1 XmnI and APOC3 SstI polymorphisms in the APOA1/C3/A4 gene cluster and risk of incident myocardial infarction in men. Atherosclerosis 177:1, 119-126
CrossRef283
Thomas Menke, Petra Niklowitz, Gideon de Sousa, Thomas Reinehr, Werner Andler. (2004) Comparison of coenzyme Q10 plasma levels in obese and normal weight children. Clinica Chimica Acta 349:1-2, 121-127
CrossRef284
John Dore. 2004. Astaxanthin and Cancer Chemoprevention. .
CrossRef285
Jane Higdon, Balz Frei. 2004. Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and b-Carotene in Cancer Chemoprevention. .
CrossRef286
Jeffrey Blumberg. 2004. Commentary 1. .
CrossRef287
G Bjelakovic, D Nikolova, RG Simonetti, C Gluud, Goran Bjelakovic. 2004. Antioxidant supplements for preventing gastrointestinal cancers. .
CrossRef288
Goran Bjelakovic, Dimitrinka Nikolova, Rosa G Simonetti, Christian Gluud. (2004) Antioxidant supplements for prevention of gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet 364:9441, 1219-1228
CrossRef289
Jose M. Ordovas, Dolores Corella. (2004) NUTRITIONAL GENOMICS. Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics 5:1, 71-118
CrossRef290
Behzad Molavi, Jawahar L Mehta. (2004) Oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease: molecular basis of its deleterious effects, its detection, and therapeutic considerations. Current Opinion in Cardiology 19:5, 488-493
CrossRef291
T.Matthew Shields, Charles H Hennekens. (2004) Management of metabolic syndrome: aspirin. Endocrinology & Metabolism Clinics of North America 33:3, 577-593
CrossRef292
Nabil Saba, Sanjay Jain, Fadlo Khuri. (2004) Chemoprevention in lung cancer. Current Problems in Cancer 28:5, 287-306
CrossRef293
J Michael Gaziano, Howard Sesso. 2004. Heart and Vascular Diseases. , 473-490.
CrossRef294
David Hughes. 2004. Carotenoids and Immune Responses. , 503-517.
CrossRef295
Margaret Wright, Demetrius Albanes. 2004. Potential Adverse Effects of beta-Carotene Supplementation in Cigarette Smokers and Heavier Drinkers. , 531-545.
CrossRef296
Susan Mayne, Helmut Sies, Norman Krinsky. 2004. Carotenoids. , 547-551.
CrossRef297
Wilhelm Stahl, Michael Danilenko, Yoav Sharoni, Joseph Levy. 2004. Anticancer Activity of Carotenoids. , 165-196.
CrossRef298
Cheryl Rock. 2004. Relationship of Carotenoids to Cancer. , 373-407.
CrossRef299
Micheline Mathews-Roth. 2004. Therapeutic Uses of Carotenoids in Skin Photosensitivity Diseases. , 519-529.
CrossRef300
Xiang-Dong Wang. 2004. Carotenoid Oxidative/Degradative Products and Their Biological Activities. , 313-335.
CrossRef301
F Visioli, S Grande, P Bogani, C Galli. (2004) The role of antioxidants in the Mediterranean diets: focus on cancer. European Journal of Cancer Prevention 13:4, 337-343
CrossRef302
M A Martinez-Gonzalez, R Estruch. (2004) Mediterranean diet, antioxidants and cancer: the need for randomized trials. European Journal of Cancer Prevention 13:4, 327-335
CrossRef303
M.R. Forman, S.D. Hursting, A. Umar, J.C. Barrett. (2004) NUTRITION AND CANCER PREVENTION: A Multidisciplinary Perspective on Human Trials*. Annual Review of Nutrition 24:1, 223-254
CrossRef304
Laura M Hix, Samuel F Lockwood, John S Bertram. (2004) Upregulation of connexin 43 protein expression and increased gap junctional communication by water soluble disodium disuccinate astaxanthin derivatives. Cancer Letters 211:1, 25-37
CrossRef305
Halla Skuladottir, Anne Tjoenneland, Kim Overvad, Connie Stripp, Jane Christensen, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Jørgen H Olsen. (2004) Does insufficient adjustment for smoking explain the preventive effects of fruit and vegetables on lung cancer?. Lung Cancer 45:1, 1-10
CrossRef306
S.Michael Sharp, Rebecca D Pentz. (2004) Issues, both ethical and practical, in the development and conduct of chemoprevention trials. Current Problems in Cancer 28:4, 186-200
CrossRef307
Peter Møller, Steffen Loft. (2004) Interventions with antioxidants and nutrients in relation to oxidative DNA damage and repair. Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 551:1-2, 79-89
CrossRef308
A. D. Dangour, V. L. Sibson, A. E. Fletcher. (2004) Hormones and Supplements: Do They Work?: Micronutrient Supplementation in Later Life: Limited Evidence for Benefit. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 59:7, B659-B673
CrossRef309
Sotirios Kiokias, Michael H. Gordon. (2004) Antioxidant Properties of Carotenoids In Vitro and In Vivo. Food Reviews International 20:2, 99-121
CrossRef310
Karen Riedl, Kostyantyn Krysan, Mehis Põld, Harnisha Dalwadi, Nathalie Heuze-Vourc’h, Mariam Dohadwala, Ming Liu, Xiaoyan Cui, Robert Figlin, Jenny T Mao, Robert Strieter, Sherven Sharma, Steven M Dubinett. (2004) Multifaceted roles of cyclooxygenase-2 in lung cancer. Drug Resistance Updates 7:3, 169-184
CrossRef311
C. C.-Y. Soo, A. S. Haqqani, N. Hidiroglou, J. E. Swanson, R. S. Parker, H. C. Birnboim. (2004) Dose-Dependent Effects of Dietary - and -Tocopherols on Genetic Instability in Mouse Mutatect Tumors. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 96:10, 796-800
CrossRef312
H. Li, M. J. Stampfer, E. L. Giovannucci, J. S. Morris, W. C. Willett, J. M. Gaziano, J. Ma. (2004) A Prospective Study of Plasma Selenium Levels and Prostate Cancer Risk. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 96:9, 696-703
CrossRef313
SA Stanner, J Hughes, CNM Kelly, J Buttriss. (2004) A review of the epidemiological evidence for the ‘antioxidant hypothesis’. Public Health Nutrition 7:03,
CrossRef314
P.C. Dagnelie, A.G. Schuurman, R.A. Goldbohm, P.A. van den Brandt. (2004) Diet, anthropometric measures and prostate cancer risk: a review of prospective cohort and intervention studies. BJU International 93:8, 1139-1150
CrossRef315
Debbie A Lawlor, George Davey Smith, K Richard Bruckdorfer, Devi Kundu, Shah Ebrahim. (2004) Those confounded vitamins: what can we learn from the differences between observational versus randomised trial evidence?. The Lancet 363:9422, 1724-1727
CrossRef316
P. Strazzullo, L. Scalfi, F. Branca, G. Cairella, F. Garbagnati, A. Siani, G. Barba, P. Rubba, G. Mancia. (2004) Nutrition and prevention of ischemic stroke: present knowledge, limitations and future perspectives. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases 14:2, 97-114
CrossRef317
Alexandra Alves-Rodrigues, Andrew Shao. (2004) The science behind lutein. Toxicology Letters 150:1, 57-83
CrossRef318
Timothy J. Key, Naomi Allen, Paul Appleby, Kim Overvad, Anne Tj
nneland, Anthony Miller, Heiner Boeing, Dimitrios Karalis, Theodora Psaltopoulou, Franco Berrino, Domenico Palli, Salvatore Panico, Rosario Tumino, Paolo Vineis, H.B. Bueno-de-Mesquita, Lambertus Kiemeney, Petra H.M. Peeters, Carmen Martinez, Miren Dorronsoro, Carlos A. Gonz
CrossRef319
H Tapiero, D.M Townsend, K.D Tew. (2004) The role of carotenoids in the prevention of human pathologies. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 58:2, 100-110
CrossRef320
Robert S Rosenson. (2004) Statins in atherosclerosis: lipid-lowering agents with antioxidant capabilities. Atherosclerosis 173:1, 1-12
CrossRef321
Haim Tapiero. (2004) Influence of alcohol consumption and smoking habits on human health. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 58:2, 75-76
CrossRef322
Robert J. Glynn, Bernard Rosner. (2004) Methods to evaluate risks for composite end points and their individual components. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 57:2, 113-122
CrossRef323
Timothy J Key, Arthur Schatzkin, Walter C Willett, Naomi E Allen, Elizabeth A Spencer, Ruth C Travis. (2004) Diet, nutrition and the prevention of cancer. Public Health Nutrition 7:1a,
CrossRef324
Gerardo Nardone, Alba Rocco. (2004) Chemoprevention of Gastric Cancer: Role of COX-2 Inhibitors and Other Agents. Digestive Diseases 22:4, 320-326
CrossRef325
C. A. Northrop-Clewes, D. T. Thurnham. 2004. Vitamins. , 681-707.
CrossRef326
Shigeru Hisamichi. (2004) Science and Ethics in Epidemiology. Journal of Epidemiology 14:4, 105-111
CrossRef327
Marian L. Neuhouser. (2004) Flavonoids and Cancer Prevention: What Is the Evidence in Humans?. Pharmaceutical Biology 42:s1, 36-45
CrossRef328
Bernd van der Loo, Ralf Labugger, Claude P. Aebischer, Markus Bachschmid, Volker Spitzer, Juliane Kilo, Lukas Altwegg, Volker Ullrich, Thomas F. L??scher. (2004) Age-Related Changes of Vitamin A Status. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 43:1, 26-30
CrossRef329
Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Donna Spiegelman, Shiaw-Shyuan Yaun, Demetrius Albanes, W. Lawrence Beeson, Piet A. van den Brandt, Diane Feskanich, Aaron R. Folsom, Gary E. Fraser, Jo L. Freudenheim, Edward Giovannucci, R. Alexandra Goldbohm, Saxon Graham, Lawrence H. Kushi, Anthony B. Miller, Pirjo Pietinen, Thomas E. Rohan, Frank E. Speizer, Walter C. Willett, David J. Hunter. (2003) Fruits, vegetables and lung cancer: A pooled analysis of cohort studies. International Journal of Cancer 107:6, 1001-1011
CrossRef330
Carla Lopes, Susana Casal, Beatriz Oliveira, Henrique Barros. 2003. Retinol, Beta-Carotene, and Alpha-Tocopherol in Heart Disease. .
CrossRef331
Frederick Khachik, Nitin Telang, Fumio Enjo, Martin Lipkin. 2003. Development of a Mixture of Dietary Carotenoids as Cancer Chemopreventive Agents. .
CrossRef332
Nico van Zandwijk, Fred R Hirsch. (2003) Chemoprevention of lung cancer: current status and future prospects. Lung Cancer 42:2, 71-79
CrossRef333
Yoav Sharoni, Riad Agbaria, Hadar Amir, Anat Ben-Dor, Irene Bobilev, Noga Doubi, Yudit Giat, Keren Hirsh, Gaby Izumchenko, Marina Khanin, Elena Kirilov, Rita Krimer, Amit Nahum, Michael Steiner, Yossi Walfisch, Shlomo Walfisch, Gabi Zango, Michael Danilenko, Joseph Levy. (2003) Modulation of transcriptional activity by antioxidant carotenoids. Molecular Aspects of Medicine 24:6, 371-384
CrossRef334
Guy De Backer, Ettore Ambrosioni, Knut Broch-Johnsen, Carlos Brotons, Renata Cifkova, Jean Dallongeville, Shah Ebrahim, Ole Faergeman, Ian Graham, Guiseppe Mancia, Volkert Manger Cats, Kristina Orth-Gom??r, Joep Perk, Kalevi Py??r??l??, Jos?? L. Rodicio, Susana Sans, Vedat Sansoy, Udo Sechtem, Sigmund Silber, Troels Thomsen, David Wood. (2003) European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice Third Joint Task Force of European and other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of eight societies and by invited experts). European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation 10:Supplement 1, S1-S78
CrossRef335
Jean-Charles Soria, Edward S Kim, Jéôme Fayette, Sylvie Lantuejoul, Eric Deutsch, Waun Ki Hong. (2003) Chemoprevention of lung cancer. The Lancet Oncology 4:11, 659-669
CrossRef336
ABRAHAM M.Y. NOMURA, JAMES LEE, GRANT N. STEMMERMANN, ADRIAN A. FRANKE. (2003) Serum Vitamins and the Subsequent Risk of Bladder Cancer. The Journal of Urology 170:4, 1146-1150
CrossRef337
William B. Armstrong, X. Steven Wan, Ann R. Kennedy, Thomas H. Taylor, Frank L. Meyskens. (2003) Development of the Bowman-Birk inhibitor for oral cancer chemoprevention and analysis of neu immunohistochemical staining intensity with Bowman-Birk inhibitor concentrate treatment. The Laryngoscope 113:10, 1687-1702
CrossRef338
Vibeke M. Breinholt, Anne-Marie Mølck, Gitte W. Svendsen, Bahram Daneshvar, Anne M. Vinggaard, Morten Poulsen, Lars O. Dragsted. (2003) Effects of dietary antioxidants and 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]- quinoline (IQ) on preneoplastic lesions and on oxidative damage, hormonal status, and detoxification capacity in the rat. Food and Chemical Toxicology 41:10, 1315-1323
CrossRef339
Annie On On CHAN, Wai Man WONG, Shiu Kum LAM, Benjamin Chun-Yu WONG. (2003) Prevention of gastric cancer. Chinese Journal of Digestive Diseases 4:3, 100-104
CrossRef340
Tobias Kurth, Robert J Glynn, Alexander M Walker, Kathryn M Rexrode, Julie E Buring, Meir J Stampfer, Charles H Hennekens, J.Michael Gaziano. (2003) Analgesic use and change in kidney function in apparently healthy men1 1The sponsor of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or the writing of the manuscript.. American Journal of Kidney Diseases 42:2, 234-244
CrossRef341
Susanne L Hansen, Stig Purup, Lars P Christensen. (2003) Bioactivity of falcarinol and the influenceof processing and storage on its content in carrots (Daucus carota L). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 83:10, 1010-1017
CrossRef342
B. McKevith, C. Kelly, S. Stanner, J. Hughes, J. Buttriss. (2003) The Food Standards Agency's antioxidants in food programme - a summary*. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 16:4, 257-263
CrossRef343
Martijn B. Katan, Scott M. Grundy, Peter Jones, Malcolm Law, Tatu Miettinen, Rodolfo Paoletti. (2003) Efficacy and Safety of Plant Stanols and Sterols in the Management of Blood Cholesterol Levels. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 78:8, 965-978
CrossRef344
M. B. Katan, S. M. Grundy, P. Jones, M. Law, T. Miettinen, R. Paoletti, . (2003) Efficacy and Safety of Plant Stanols and Sterols in the Management of Blood Cholesterol Levels. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 78:8, 965-978
CrossRef345
Balz Frei. (2003) To C or not to C, that is the question!. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 42:2, 253-255
CrossRef346
Kiyoko Kubomura, Dennis Gordon. 2003. Beverages as Delivery Systems for Nutraceuticals. .
CrossRef347
Moreno Paolini, Marion Nestle. (2003) Pitfalls of enzyme-based molecular anticancer dietary manipulations: food for thought. Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research 543:3, 181-189
CrossRef348
Lori J Wirth, Robert I Haddad, Marshall R Posner. (2003) Progress and perspectives in chemoprevention of head and neck cancer. Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 3:3, 339-355
CrossRef349
J. A. Baron, B. F. Cole, L. Mott, R. Haile, M. Grau, T. R. Church, G. J. Beck, E. R. Greenberg. (2003) Neoplastic and Antineoplastic Effects of -Carotene on Colorectal Adenoma Recurrence: Results of a Randomized Trial. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 95:10, 717-722
CrossRef350
Robin Leach, Brad Pollock, Joseph Basler, Dean Troyer, Susan Naylor, Ian M Thompson. (2003) Chemoprevention of prostate cancer. Urologic Clinics of North America 30:2, 227-237
CrossRef351
Norman J Temple, Kerri Kaiser Gladwin. (2003) Fruit, vegetables, and the prevention of cancer. Nutrition 19:5, 467-470
CrossRef352
Magali Caraballoso, Montse Sacristan, Consol Serra, Xavier Bonfill Cosp, Magali Caraballoso. 2003. Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people. .
CrossRef353
(2003) Effect of Lycopene on the Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Receptor Signaling Pathway in Human Colon Cancer HT-29 Cells. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 32:3, 437-443
CrossRef354
Emma A. Meagherx. (2003) Treatment of Atherosclerosis in the New Millennium: Is There a Role for Vitamin E?. Preventive Cardiology 6:2, 85-90
CrossRef355
Antonio M Gotto. (2003) Antioxidants, statins, and atherosclerosis. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 41:7, 1205-1210
CrossRef356
(2003) Effect of Carotenoids on the Growth of HT-29 Human Colon Cancer Cells. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 32:3, 428-436
CrossRef357
Elisa Borras, Rosa Zaragoza, Maria Morante, Concha Garcia, Amparo Gimeno, Gerardo Lopez-Rodas, Teresa Barber, Vicente J. Miralles, Juan R. Vina, Luis Torres. (2003) In vivo studies of altered expression patterns of p53 and proliferative control genes in chronic vitamin A deficiency and hypervitaminosis. European Journal of Biochemistry 270:7, 1493-1501
CrossRef358
James M. Shikany, Ruth E. Patterson, Tanya Agurs-Collins, Garnet Anderson. (2003) Antioxidant supplement use in Women’s Health Initiative participants. Preventive Medicine 36:3, 379-387
CrossRef359
Kevin Pong. (2003) Oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases: therapeutic implications for superoxide dismutase mimetics. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 3:1, 127-139
CrossRef360
Taik-Koo Yun. (2003) Experimental and epidemiological evidence on non-organ specific cancer preventive effect of Korean ginseng and identification of active compounds. Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 523-524, 63-74
CrossRef361
Nico van Zandwijk, Ugo Pastorino. (2003) Chemoprevention of lung cancer: soon daily practice?. Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 3:1, 91-98
CrossRef362
Kenneth R. Epstein. (2003) The role of carotenoids on the risk of lung cancer. Seminars in Oncology 30:1, 86-93
CrossRef363
G. Davey Smith. (2003) 'Mendelian randomization': can genetic epidemiology contribute to understanding environmental determinants of disease?. International Journal of Epidemiology 32:1, 1-22
CrossRef364
Bonnie K. Lustigman, Lee H. Lee. 2003. Algae Biotechnology. .
CrossRef365
I. Johnson. 2003. Phytochemicals and cancer: an overview. , 18-44.
CrossRef366
George A. Stouffer, Richard G. Sheahan, Steven J. Riley, George A. Stouffer. (2003) The Antioxidant Vitamins and Coronary Heart Disease: Part II. Randomized Clinical Trials. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences 325:1, 15-19
CrossRef367
Edzard Schwedhelm, Renke Maas, Raphael Troost, Rainer H B??ger. (2003) Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Antioxidants and Their Impact on Systemic Oxidative Stress. Clinical Pharmacokinetics 42:5, 437-459
CrossRef368
Yoshinori Ito, Kenji Wakai, Koji Suzuki, Akiko Tamakoshi, Nao Seki, Masahiko Ando, Yoshikazu Nishino, Takaaki Kondo, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Kotaro Ozasa, Yoshiyuki Ohno, . (2003) Serum carotenoids and mortality from lung cancer: a case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. Cancer Science 94:1, 57-63
CrossRef369
D. Lindsay. 2003. Testing the safety of phytochemicals. , 222-237.
CrossRef370
P. Greenwald. (2003) -Carotene and Lung Cancer: A Lesson for Future Chemoprevention Investigations?. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 95:1, 1E-1E
CrossRef371
Sandra Sipetic, Sladjana Tomic-Kundakovic, Hristina Vlajinac, Slavenka Jankovic, Jelena Marinkovic, Jadranka Maksimovic. (2003) Diet and gastric cancer. Vojnosanitetski pregled 60:6, 697-705
CrossRef372
Qing Su, Kevin G Rowley, Nicholas D.H Balazs. (2002) Carotenoids: separation methods applicable to biological samples. Journal of Chromatography B 781:1-2, 393-418
CrossRef373
R SAMSON. (2002) Miscellaneous medications for the management of atherosclerosis: Mayhem or miracle?. Seminars in Vascular Surgery 15:4, 275-287
CrossRef374
Stanley T. Omaye. (2002) Metabolic modulation of carbon monoxide toxicity. Toxicology 180:2, 139-150
CrossRef375
David L. DeMets. (2002) Clinical trials in the new millennium. Statistics in Medicine 21:19, 2779-2787
CrossRef376
Bibi Hasanain, Arshag D. Mooradian. (2002) Antioxidant vitamins and their influence in diabetes mellitus. Current Diabetes Reports 2:5, 448-456
CrossRef377
Leonard Kritharides, Roland Stocker. (2002) The use of antioxidant supplements in coronary heart disease. Atherosclerosis 164:2, 211-219
CrossRef378
Graeme A Clugston, Trudy E Smith. (2002) Global nutrition problems and novel foods. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 11:s6, S100-S111
CrossRef379
Ernest T. Hawk, Paul J. Limburg, Jaye L. Viner. (2002) Epidemiology and prevention of colorectal cancer. Surgical Clinics of North America 82:5, 905-941
CrossRef380
Stephen S Hecht. (2002) Cigarette smoking and lung cancer: chemical mechanisms and approaches to prevention. The Lancet Oncology 3:8, 461-469
CrossRef381
Loïc Le Marchand. (2002) Cancer preventive effects of flavonoids—a review. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 56:6, 296-301
CrossRef382
Edward S. Kim, Fadlo R. Khuri. (2002) Chemoprevention of lung cancer. Current Oncology Reports 4:4, 341-346
CrossRef383
(2002) MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in 20 536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. The Lancet 360:9326, 23-33
CrossRef384
John F. Keaney, Joseph A. Vita. (2002) Vascular Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection in Atherosclerosis. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation 22:4, 225-233
CrossRef385
K C Johnson, S Pan, Y Mao. (2002) Risk factors for male breast cancer in Canada, 1994–1998. European Journal of Cancer Prevention 11:3, 253-263
CrossRef386
JH John, S Ziebland, P Yudkin, LS Roe, HAW Neil. (2002) Effects of fruit and vegetable consumption on plasma antioxidant concentrations and blood pressure: a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet 359:9322, 1969-1974
CrossRef387
Sı́lvia Catarina Salgado Oloris, Maria Lúcia Zaidan Dagli, José Luiz Guerra. (2002) Effect of β-carotene on the development of the solid Ehrlich tumor in mice. Life Sciences 71:6, 717-724
CrossRef388
Guo-quan Chen, Bingzhen Lin, Marcia I. Dawson, Xiao-kun Zhang. (2002) Nicotine modulates the effects of retinoids on growth inhibition and RAR? expression in lung cancer cells. International Journal of Cancer 99:2, 171-178
CrossRef389
DRUSO D. PÉREZ, PABLO STROBEL, ROCÍO FONCEA, M. SOLEDAD DÍEZ, LUIS VÁSQUEZ, INÉS URQUIAGA, OSCAR CASTILLO, ADA CUEVAS, ALEJANDRA SAN MARTÍN, FEDERICO LEIGHTON. (2002) Wine, Diet, Antioxidant Defenses, and Oxidative Damage. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 957:1, 136-145
CrossRef390
Robert G. Laughlin, Gregory M. Bunke, Charles D. Eads, William D. Laidig, John C. Shelley. (2002) Preparation and physical characterization of pure β-carotene. Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 115:1-2, 63-76
CrossRef391
Karen Steinberg, Jeanne Beck, Deborah Nickerson, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Margaret Gallagher, Michele Caggana, Yvonne Reid, Mark Cosentino, Jay Ji, Delene Johnson, Richard B. Hayes, Marie Earley, Fred Lorey, Harry Hannon, Muin J. Khoury, Eric Sampson. (2002) DNA Banking for Epidemiologic Studies: A Review of Current Practices. Epidemiology 13:3, 246-254
CrossRef392
Elizabeth J. Johnson. (2002) The Role of Carotenoids in Human Health. Nutrition in Clinical Care 5:2, 56-65
CrossRef393
Simm Liu, Christian Schmitz, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank Sacks, Charles H. Hennekens, Klaus Lindpaintner, Paul M. Ridker. (2002) A prospective study of TaqIB polymorphism in the gene coding for cholesteryl ester transfer protein and risk of myocardial infarction in middle-aged men. Atherosclerosis 161:2, 469-474
CrossRef394
Betty Jane Burri. 2002. Lycopene and Human Health. .
CrossRef395
I-M Lee, N R Cook, J E Manson, J E Buring. (2002) Randomised β-carotene supplementation and incidence of cancer and cardiovascular disease in women: is the association modified by baseline plasma level?. British Journal of Cancer 86:5, 698-701
CrossRef396
Kathryn Smith Bilello, Susan Murin, Richard A Matthay. (2002) Epidemiology, etiology, and prevention of lung cancer. Clinics in Chest Medicine 23:1, 1-25
CrossRef397
Paola Palozza, Simona Serini, Angela Torsello, Alma Boninsegna, Valeria Covacci, Nicola Maggiano, Franco O. Ranelletti, Federica I. Wolf, Gabriella Calviello. (2002) Regulation of cell cycle progression and apoptosis by ?-carotene in undifferentiated and differentiated HL-60 leukemia cells: Possible involvement of a redox mechanism. International Journal of Cancer 97:5, 593-600
CrossRef398
Edward S. Kim, Waun Ki Hong, Fadlo Raja Khuri. (2002) C
HEMOPREVENTION OF AERODIGESTIVE TRACT CANCERS . Annual Review of Medicine 53:1, 223-243
CrossRef399
P van den Brandt, L Voorrips, I Hertz-Picciotto, D Shuker, H Boeing, G Speijers, C Guittard, J Kleiner, M Knowles, A Wolk, A Goldbohm. (2002) The contribution of epidemiology. Food and Chemical Toxicology 40:2-3, 387-424
CrossRef400
Mark A Moyad. (2002) The placebo effect and randomized trials: analysis of alternative medicine. Urologic Clinics of North America 29:1, 135-155
CrossRef401
Morten Lacour, Jens Folke Kiilgaard, Mogens Holst Nissen. (2002) Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Drugs & Aging 19:2, 101-133
CrossRef402
Denise D. Hermann. (2002) Naturoceutical Agents in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease. American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs 2:3, 173-196
CrossRef403
A. Trichopoulu, A. Naska. 2002. What consumers eat. , 7-33.
CrossRef404
C. A. Northrop-Clewes, D. I. Thurnham. 2002. Vitamins. , 34-96.
CrossRef405
Ethan Dmitrovsky, Michael B. Sporn. 2002. Chemoprevention, Pharmacology of. , 449-455.
CrossRef406
Willett, Walter C., Stampfer, Meir J., . (2001) What Vitamins Should I Be Taking, Doctor?. New England Journal of Medicine 345:25, 1819-1824
Full Text407
KONSTANTIN H. DRAGNEV, SARAH J. FREEMANTLE, MICHAEL J. SPINELLA, ETHAN DMITROVSKY. (2001) Cyclin Proteolysis as a Retinoid Cancer Prevention Mechanism. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 952:1, 13-22
CrossRef408
Aileen Robertson. (2001) Social inequalities and the burden of food-related ill-health. Public Health Nutrition 4:6a,
CrossRef409
Eva Lonn. (2001) Do antioxidant vitamins protect against atherosclerosis? The proof is still lacking. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 38:7, 1795-1798
CrossRef410
G Rumi Jr.. (2001) Changes of serum carotenoids in patients with esophageal, gastric, hepatocellular, pancreatic and colorectal cancer. Journal of Physiology-Paris 95:1-6, 239-242
CrossRef411
Brown, B. Greg, Zhao, Xue-Qiao, Chait, Alan, Fisher, Lloyd D., Cheung, Marian C., Morse, Josh S., Dowdy, Alice A., Marino, Emily K., Bolson, Edward L., Alaupovic, Petar, Frohlich, Jiri, Serafini, Leny, Huss-Frechette, Ellen, Wang, Shari, DeAngelis, Debbie, Dodek, Arthur, Albers, John J., . (2001) Simvastatin and Niacin, Antioxidant Vitamins, or the Combination for the Prevention of Coronary Disease. New England Journal of Medicine 345:22, 1583-1592
Full Text412
Diane L. Tribble. (2001) Antioxidants and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: unresolved issues. Coronary Artery Disease 12:7, 541-546
CrossRef413
Christopher D. Gardner. (2001) The role of plant-based diets in the treatment and prevention of coronary artery disease. Coronary Artery Disease 12:7, 553-559
CrossRef414
Lynn Greig, Simon Maxwell. (2001) Anti-oxidants - a protective role in cardiovascular disease?. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 2:11, 1737-1750
CrossRef415
Charles Lieber. 2001. Alcohol. .
CrossRef416
Allen Perelson, Leon Ellenbogen. 2001. Rationale for Use of Vitamin and Mineral Supplements. .
CrossRef417
Regis Moreau, Wei-Jian Zhang, Tory Hagen. 2001. Cellular Effects of Lipoic Acid and Its Role in Aging. .
CrossRef418
Charanjit Kaur, Harish C. Kapoor. (2001) Antioxidants in fruits and vegetables - the millennium’s health. International Journal of Food Science & Technology 36:7, 703-725
CrossRef419
Charanjit Kaur, Harish C. Kapoor. (2001) Antioxidants in fruits and vegetables - the millennium's health. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 36:7, 703-725
CrossRef420
P. Terry, J. B. Terry, A. Wolk. (2001) Fruit and vegetable consumption in the prevention of cancer: an update. Journal of Internal Medicine 250:4, 280-290
CrossRef421
David A. Hughes. (2001) Dietary carotenoids and human immune function. Nutrition 17:10, 823-827
CrossRef422
LINDA VAN HORN, NANCY ERNST. (2001) A Summary of the Science Supporting the New National Cholesterol Education Program Dietary Recommendations. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 101:10, 1148-1154
CrossRef423
Norman I. Krinsky. (2001) Carotenoids as antioxidants. Nutrition 17:10, 815-817
CrossRef424
Garry J. Handelman. (2001) The evolving role of carotenoids in human biochemistry. Nutrition 17:10, 818-822
CrossRef425
Paul A. Lachance, Zeina Nakat, Woo-Sik Jeong. (2001) Antioxidants: an integrative approach. Nutrition 17:10, 835-838
CrossRef426
R. Chernoff. (2001) Nutrition and Health Promotion in Older Adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 56:Supplement 2, 47-53
CrossRef427
Sampath Parthasarathy, Nadya Khan-Merchant, Meera Penumetcha, Bobby V. Khan, Nalini Santanam. (2001) Did the antioxidant trials fail to validate the oxidation hypothesis?. Current Atherosclerosis Reports 3:5, 392-398
CrossRef428
F.A. Fitzpatrick. (2001) Inflammation, carcinogenesis and cancer. International Immunopharmacology 1:9-10, 1651-1667
CrossRef429
Mack T. Ruffin, Cheryl L. Rock. (2001) Do antioxidants still have a role in the prevention of human cancer?. Current Oncology Reports 3:4, 306-313
CrossRef430
Hemendra N. Basu, Anthony J. Del Vecchio, Frank Flider, Frank T. Orthoeter. (2001) Nutritional and potential disease prevention properties of carotenoids. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 78:7, 665-675
CrossRef431
M Törnwall. (2001) α-Tocopherol (vitamin E) and β-carotene supplementation does not affect the risk for large abdominal aortic aneurysm in a controlled trial. Atherosclerosis 157:1, 167-173
CrossRef432
Clare Hasler, Alicia Moag-Stahlberg, Denise Webb, Marsha Hudnall. (2001) How to Evaluate the Safety, Efficacy, and Quality of Functional Foods and Their Ingredients. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 101:7, 733-736
CrossRef433
Rafael J. Gaytan, L. Michael Prisant. (2001) Oral Nutritional Supplements and Heart Disease: A Review. American Journal of Therapeutics 8:4, 255-274
CrossRef434
Richard Doll. (2001) Cohort studies: History of the method II. Retrospective cohort studies. Sozial- und Pr
CrossRef435
(2001) Eat a Variety of Healthful Foods: Old Advice with New Support. Nutrition Reviews 59:5, 156-158
CrossRef436
Paola Palozza, Gabriella Calviello, Simona Serini, Nicola Maggiano, Paola Lanza, Franco O Ranelletti, Gianna Maria Bartoli. (2001) β-carotene at high concentrations induces apoptosis by enhancing oxy-radical production in human adenocarcinoma cells. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 30:9, 1000-1007
CrossRef437
P Greenwald. (2001) Diet and cancer prevention. European Journal of Cancer 37:8, 948-965
CrossRef438
Vanessa J Poustie, Patricia Rutherford, Vanessa J Poustie. 2001. Dietary treatment for familial hypercholesterolaemia. .
CrossRef439
P. Terry, E. Giovannucci, K. B. Michels, L. Bergkvist, H. Hansen, L. Holmberg, A. Wolk. (2001) Fruit, Vegetables, Dietary Fiber, and Risk of Colorectal Cancer. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 93:7, 525-533
CrossRef440
Andrew R. Collins. (2001) Carotenoids and genomic stability. Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 475:1-2, 21-28
CrossRef441
J.Jack Lee, Ronald Lieberman, Jeff A Sloan, Steven Piantadosi, Scott M Lippman. (2001) Design considerations for efficient prostate cancer chemoprevention trials. Urology 57:4, 205-212
CrossRef442
P. Zhang, S.T. Omaye. (2001) DNA strand breakage and oxygen tension: effects of β-carotene, α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid. Food and Chemical Toxicology 39:3, 239-246
CrossRef443
MARION NESTLE. (2001) Genetically Engineered “Golden” Rice Unlikely to Overcome Vitamin A Deficiency. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 101:3, 289-290
CrossRef444
P Zhang, S.T Omaye. (2001) Antioxidant and prooxidant roles for β-carotene, α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid in human lung cells. Toxicology in Vitro 15:1, 13-24
CrossRef445
D Schaumberg. (2001) A Prospective Study of Blood Pressure and Risk of Cataract in Men. Annals of Epidemiology 11:2, 104-110
CrossRef446
Alice H. Lichtenstein. (2001) Approaches to reducing cardiovascular disease risk: food or pills?. Current Opinion in Lipidology 12:1, 1-3
CrossRef447
Stephen MacMahon, Rory Collins. (2001) Reliable assessment of the effects of treatment on mortality and major morbidity, II: observational studies. The Lancet 357:9254, 455-462
CrossRef448
Nikos Yiannakouris, Michael Hourdakis, Antonis Zampelas. 2001. The Mediterranean Diet and Coronary Heart Disease. , 243-291.
CrossRef449
Moses Elisaf. (2001) The Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease: An Update. Current Medical Research and Opinion 17:1, 18-26
CrossRef450
Lori L. Schoonover. (2001) Oxidative Stress and the Role of Antioxidants in Cardiovascular Risk Reduction. Progress in Cardiovascular Nursing 16:1, 30-32
CrossRef451
Taik-Koo Yun. (2001) Panax ginseng—a non-organ-specific cancer preventive?. The Lancet Oncology 2:1, 49-55
CrossRef452
(2001) Position of the American Dietetic Association. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 101:1, 115-125
CrossRef453
Roberto Marchioli, Carlo Schweiger, Giacomo Levantesi, Luigi Tavazzi, Franco Valagussa. (2001) Antioxidant vitamins and prevention of cardiovascular disease: Epidemiological and clinical trial data. Lipids 36:S1, S53-S63
CrossRef454
G. R. de Freitas, J. Bogousslavsky. (2001) Primary stroke prevention. European Journal of Neurology 8:1, 1-15
CrossRef455
Devraj U. Nayak, Carol Karmen, William H. Frishman, Babak A. Vakili. (2001) Antioxidant Vitamins and Enzymatic and Synthetic Oxygen-Derived Free Radical Scavengers in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Heart Disease28-45
CrossRef456
Nikola Getoff. (2000) Pulse Radiolysis Studies of β-Carotene in Oxygenated DMSO Solution. Formation of β-Carotene Radical Cation. Radiation Research 154:6, 692-696
CrossRef457
Daniel Steinberg. (2000) Is there a potential therapeutic role for vitamin E or other antioxidants in atherosclerosis?. Current Opinion in Lipidology 11:6, 603-607
CrossRef458
A Ruano-Ravina, A Figueiras, Jm Barros-Dios. (2000) Diet and lung cancer: a new approach. European Journal of Cancer Prevention 9:6, 395-400
CrossRef459
Gary M. Strauss. (2000) Randomized population trials and screening for lung cancer. Cancer 89:S11, 2399-2421
CrossRef460
Gary M. Strauss. (2000) Randomized population trials and screening for lung cancer. Cancer 89:S11, 2399-2421
CrossRef461
Gary M. Strauss. (2000) Randomized population trials and screening for lung cancer. Cancer 89:S11, 2399-2421
CrossRef462
Gary M. Strauss. (2000) Randomized population trials and screening for lung cancer. Cancer 89:S11, 2399-2421
CrossRef463
Gary M. Strauss. (2000) Randomized population trials and screening for lung cancer. Cancer 89:S11, 2399-2421
CrossRef464
T S Tsang, M E Barnes, B J Gersh, S N Hayes. (2000) Risks of coronary heart disease in women: current understanding and evolving concepts.. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 75:12, 1289-1303
CrossRef465
Richard Faulks, Susan Southon. 2000. Carotenoids, Metabolism and Disease. .
CrossRef466
Stanley Omaye, Michael Dubick. 2000. Modification of Atherogenesis and Heart Disease by Grape Wine and Tea Polyphenols. .
CrossRef467
Anna D'Odorico, Diego Martines, Stefan Kiechl, Georg Egger, Friedrich Oberhollenzer, Piero Bonvicini, Giacomo Carlo Sturniolo, Remo Naccarato, Johann Willeit. (2000) High plasma levels of α- and β-carotene are associated with a lower risk of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 153:1, 231-239
CrossRef468
Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Pagona Lagiou, Antonia Trichopoulou. (2000) Evidence-based nutrition. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 9:Suppl., S4-S9
CrossRef469
S. G. Worthley, G. Helft, A. G. Zaman, V. Fuster, J. J. Badimon. (2000) Atherosclerosis and the vulnerable plaque - pathogenesis: Part I. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine 30:5, 600-607
CrossRef470
Patrizia Riso, Marisa Porrini. 2000. Tomatoes and Health Promotion. .
CrossRef471
Teresa Bermejo Vicedo, Francisco Jose Hidalgo Correas. 2000. Antioxidants as Therapies of Diseases of Old Age. , 343-357.
CrossRef472
Sylvan B. Green. (2000) HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN CLINICAL TRIALS. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 14:4, 785-795
CrossRef473
Ernest T. Hawk, Scott M. Lippman. (2000) PRIMARY CANCER PREVENTION TRIALS. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 14:4, 809-830
CrossRef474
Gilles R. Dagenais, Roberto Marchioli, Gianni Tognoni, Salim Yusuf. (2000) Beta-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E and cardiovascular diseases. Current Cardiology Reports 2:4, 293-299
CrossRef475
Paulo A. Lotufo, I-Min Lee, Umed A. Ajani, Charles H. Hennekens, JoAnn E. Manson. (2000) Cigarette smoking and risk of prostate cancer in the physicians' health study (United States). International Journal of Cancer 87:1, 141-144
CrossRef476
Sridevi Devaraj, Ishwarlal Jialal. (2000) Antioxidants and vitamins to reduce cardiovascular disease. Current Atherosclerosis Reports 2:4, 342-351
CrossRef477
Charles S. Lieber. (2000) A
LCOHOL : Its Metabolism and Interaction With Nutrients. Annual Review of Nutrition 20:1, 395-430
CrossRef478
Yoav Sharoni, Michael Danilenko, Joseph Levy. (2000) Molecular mechanisms for the anticancer activity of the carotenoid lycopene. Drug Development Research 50:3-4, 448-456
CrossRef479
Anna Mia Ekström, Mauro Serafini, Olof Nyrén, Lars-Erik Hansson, Weimin Ye, Alicja Wolk. (2000) Dietary antioxidant intake and the risk of cardia cancer and noncardia cancer of the intestinal and diffuse types: A population-based case-control study in Sweden. International Journal of Cancer 87:1, 133-140
CrossRef480
S. E. Gariballa. (2000) Nutritional factors in stroke. British Journal of Nutrition 84:01, 5
CrossRef481
Tim E Byers. (2000) Nutrition and cancer: ten lessons from the 20th century. Nutrition 16:7-8, 561-563
CrossRef482
Jänne, Pasi A., Mayer, Robert J., . (2000) Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 342:26, 1960-1968
Full Text483
Vibeke Breinholt, Søren T Lauridsen, Bahram Daneshvar, Jette Jakobsen. (2000) Dose-response effects of lycopene on selected drug-metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes in the rat. Cancer Letters 154:2, 201-210
CrossRef484
K.R. Martin, D. Wu, M. Meydani. (2000) The effect of carotenoids on the expression of cell surface adhesion molecules and binding of monocytes to human aortic endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis 150:2, 265-274
CrossRef485
Paolo M. Suter. (2000) Effect of Vitamin E, Vitamin C, and β-Carotene on Stroke Risk. Nutrition Reviews 58:6, 184-187
CrossRef486
Jun Peng, Graham L Jones, Kenneth Watson. (2000) Stress proteins as biomarkers of oxidative stress: effects of antioxidant supplements. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 28:11, 1598-1606
CrossRef487
H van den Berg, R Faulks, H Fernando Granado, J Hirschberg, B Olmedilla, G Sandmann, S Southon, W Stahl. (2000) The potential for the improvement of carotenoid levels in foods and the likely systemic effects. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 80:7, 880-912
CrossRef488
M.Sanz Alaejos, F.J Dı́az Romero, C Dı́az Romero. (2000) Selenium and cancer: some nutritional aspects. Nutrition 16:5, 376-383
CrossRef489
Simin Nikbin Meydani, Timothy McElreavy, Mohsen Meydani. 2000. Antioxidants and Immune Response. , 183-205.
CrossRef490
A Decensi. (2000) Recent advances in cancer chemoprevention, with emphasis on breast and colorectal cancer. European Journal of Cancer 36:6, 694-709
CrossRef491
David G Lindsay. (2000) The Nutritional Enhancement of Plant Foods in Europe ‘NEODIET’. Trends in Food Science & Technology 11:4-5, 145-151
CrossRef492
Peng Zhang, Stanley T. Omaye. (2000) β-Carotene and protein oxidation: effects of ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol. Toxicology 146:1, 37-47
CrossRef493
Lucia A. Stivala, Monica Savio, Santina Quarta, Claudia Scotti, Ornella Cazzalini, Laura Rossi, Ivana A. Scovassi, Roberto Pizzala, Raffaele Melli, Livia Bianchi, Vanio Vannini, Ennio Prosperi. (2000) The antiproliferative effect of beta-carotene requires p21waf1/cip1 in normal human fibroblasts. European Journal of Biochemistry 267:8, 2290-2296
CrossRef494
Lihang Yao, Yuexia Liang, Walter S. Trahanovsky, Robert E. Serfass, Wendy S. White. (2000) Use of a 13C tracer to quantify the plasma appearance of a physiological dose of lutein in humans. Lipids 35:3, 339-348
CrossRef495
Harri Vainio. (2000) Chemoprevention of cancer: lessons to be learned from beta-carotene trials. Toxicology Letters 112-113, 513-517
CrossRef496
Koyamangalath Krishnan, Mack T Ruffin, Dean E Brenner. (2000) Chemoprevention for colorectal cancer. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 33:3, 199-219
CrossRef497
Brian D Cox, Margaret J Whichelow, A Toby Prevost. (2000) Seasonal consumption of salad vegetables and fresh fruit in relation to the development of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Public Health Nutrition 3:01,
CrossRef498
Fadlo R. Khuri, Scott M. Lippman. (2000) Lung cancer chemoprevention. Seminars in Surgical Oncology 18:2, 100-105
CrossRef499
Earl S Ford, Wayne H Giles. (2000) Serum Vitamins, Carotenoids, and Angina Pectoris. Annals of Epidemiology 10:2, 106-116
CrossRef500
William G Christen, J.Michael Gaziano, Charles H Hennekens. (2000) Design of Physicians' Health Study II—A Randomized Trial of Beta-Carotene, Vitamins E and C, and Multivitamins, in Prevention of Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, and Eye Disease, and Review of Results of Completed Trials. Annals of Epidemiology 10:2, 125-134
CrossRef501
William A. Pryor, Wilhelm Stahl, Cheryl L. Rock. (2000) Beta Carotene: From Biochemistry to Clinical Trials. Nutrition Reviews 58:2, 39-53
CrossRef502
Daniel Bunout, Argelia Garrido, Myriam Suazo, Ronald Kauffman, Paz Venegas, Pia de la Maza, Margarita Petermann, Sandra Hirsch. (2000) Effects of supplementation with folic acid and antioxidant vitamins on homocysteine levels and LDL oxidation in coronary patients. Nutrition 16:2, 107-110
CrossRef503
Rajendra H. Mehta, Eduardo Bossone, Kim A. Eagle. (2000) Current concepts in secondary prevention after acute myocardial infarction. Herz 25:1, 47-60
CrossRef504
The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. (2000) Vitamin E Supplementation and Cardiovascular Events in High-Risk Patients. New England Journal of Medicine 342:3, 154-160
Full Text505
Neil J. Stone, Robert Kushner. (2000) EFFECTS OF DIETARY MODIFICATION AND TREATMENT OF OBESITY. Medical Clinics of North America 84:1, 95-122
CrossRef506
John C. Mathers. 2000. Food and Cancer Prevention: Human Intervention Studies. , 395-403.
CrossRef507
F.Javier Nieto, Carlos Iribarren, Myron D. Gross, George W. Comstock, Richard G. Cutler. (2000) Uric acid and serum antioxidant capacity: a reaction to atherosclerosis?. Atherosclerosis 148:1, 131-139
CrossRef508
E. A. M. de Deckere, P. M. Verschuren. 2000. Functional fats and spreads. , 233-257.
CrossRef509
Eric B. Rimm, Meir J. Stampfer. (2000) ANTIOXIDANTS FOR VASCULAR DISEASE. Medical Clinics of North America 84:1, 239-249
CrossRef510
Kathryn M. Rexrode, I-Min Lee, Nancy R. Cook, Charles H. Hennekens, Julie E. Buring. (2000) Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the Women's Health Study. Journal of Women's Health & Gender-Based Medicine 9:1, 19-27
CrossRef511
K Klipstein-Grobusch, L.J Launer, J.M Geleijnse, H Boeing, A Hofman, J.C.M Witteman. (2000) Serum carotenoids and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 148:1, 49-56
CrossRef512
Frank L. Meyskens. (2000) Criteria for implementation of large and multiagent clinical chemoprevention trials. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 77:S34, 115-120
CrossRef513
Dae Joong Kim, Nobuo Takasuka, Hoyoku Nishino, Hiroyuki Tsuda. (2000) Chemoprevention of lung cancer by lycopene. BioFactors 13:1-4, 95-102
CrossRef514
I.-M. Lee, N. R. Cook, J. E. Manson, J. E. Buring, C. H. Hennekens. (1999) -Carotene Supplementation and Incidence of Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease: the Women's Health Study. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 91:24, 2102-2106
CrossRef515
J. R. Marshall. (1999) -Carotene: a Miss for Epidemiology. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 91:24, 2068-2069
CrossRef516
Paula F Inserra, Shuguang Jiang, David Solkoff, Jeongmin Lee, Zhen Zhang, Minjan Xu, Robert Hesslink, John Wise, Ronald R Watson. (1999) Immune Function in Elderly Smokers and Nonsmokers Improves During Supplementation with Fruit and Vegetable Extracts. Integrative Medicine 2:1, 3-10
CrossRef517
Pierre H.M. van Golde, Lisette M. Sloots, Wim P. Vermeulen, Jos P.M. Wielders, Herman Ch. Hart, Bonno N. Bouma, Albert van de Wiel. (1999) The role of alcohol in the anti low density lipoprotein oxidation activity of red wine. Atherosclerosis 147:2, 365-370
CrossRef518
Susan E. Lenhart, Jean M. Nappi. (1999) Vitamins for the Management of Cardiovascular Disease: A Simple Solution to a Complex Problem?. Pharmacotherapy 19:12, 1400-1414
CrossRef519
S. M. Lippman, P. H. Brown. (1999) Tamoxifen Prevention of Breast Cancer: an Instance of the Fingerpost. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 91:21, 1809-1819
CrossRef520
Steven K. Clinton. (1999) The dietary antioxidant network and prostate carcinoma. Cancer 86:9, 1629-1631
CrossRef521
Martin J Kendall, Sarah L Nuttall. (1999) Anti-oxidant therapy for the treatment of coronary artery disease. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 8:11, 1763-1784
CrossRef522
Jonathan M. Kurie. (1999) The biologic basis for the use of retinoids in cancer prevention and treatment. Current Opinion in Oncology 11:6, 497
CrossRef523
Nancy R. Cook, Meir J. Stampfer, Jing Ma, JoAnn E. Manson, Frank M. Sacks, Julie E. Buring, Charles H. Hennekens. (1999) ?-carotene supplementation for patients with low baseline levels and decreased risks of total and prostate carcinoma. Cancer 86:9, 1783-1792
CrossRef524
JR Evans, K Henshaw, Jennifer Evans. 1999. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age-related macular degeneration. .
CrossRef525
A. Tavani, C. La Vecchia. (1999) β-Carotene and risk of coronary heart disease. A review of observational and intervention studies. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 53:9, 409-416
CrossRef526
Raymond Meleady, Ian Graham. (1999) Plasma Homocysteine As a Cardiovascular Risk Factor: Causal, Consequential, or of No Consequence?. Nutrition Reviews 57:10, 299-305
CrossRef527
TAIK-KOO YUN. (1999) Update from Asia: Asian Studies on Cancer Chemoprevention. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 889:1 CANCER PREVEN, 157-192
CrossRef528
John C. Mathers, John Burn. (1999) Nutrition in cancer prevention. Current Opinion in Oncology 11:5, 402
CrossRef529
S. Hercberg, P. Preziosi, P. Galan, H. Faure, J. Arnaud, N. Duport, D. Malvy, A.-M. Roussel, S. Briançon, A. Favier. (1999) “THE SU.VI.MAX STUDY”: A Primary Prevention Trial using Nutritional Doses of Antioxidant Vitamins and Minerals in Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers. Food and Chemical Toxicology 37:9-10, 925-930
CrossRef530
Xiang-Dong Wang, Robert M. Russell. (1999) Procarcinogenic and Anticarcinogenic Effects of β-Carotene. Nutrition Reviews 57:9, 263-272
CrossRef531
NJERI M KARANJA, EVA OBARZANEK, PAO-HWA LIN, MARJORIE L McCULLOUGH, KATHERINE M PHILLIPS, JANIS F SWAIN, CATHERINE M CHAMPAGNE, KIMBERLY P HOBEN. (1999) Descriptive Characteristics of the Dietary Patterns Used in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Trial. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 99:8, S19-S27
CrossRef532
Adèle Green, Gail Williams, Rachel Nèale, Veronica Hart, David Leslie, Peter Parsons, Geoffrey C Marks, Philip Gaffney, Diana Battistutta, Christine Frost, Carolyn Lang, Anne Russell. (1999) Daily sunscreen application and betacarotene supplementation in prevention of basal-cell and squamous-cell carcinomas of the skin: a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet 354:9180, 723-729
CrossRef533
Mario Pirisi, Edda Federico, Nadia Bortolotti, Carlo Fabris, Edmondo Falleti, Giorgio Soardo, Fabio Gonano, Ettore Bartoli. (1999) Effect of eating on plasma radical-trapping antioxidant activity (TRAP) in patients with cirrhosis. Clinical Biochemistry 32:6, 447-453
CrossRef534
David A. Hughes. (1999) Effects of carotenoids on human immune function. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 58:03, 713-718
CrossRef535
S. S. Hecht. (1999) Tobacco Smoke Carcinogens and Lung Cancer. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 91:14, 1194-1210
CrossRef536
Dale A. Cooper, Alison L. Eldridge, John C. Peters. (1999) Dietary Carotenoids and Certain Cancers, Heart Disease, and Age-related Macular Degeneration: A Review of Recent Research. Nutrition Reviews 57:7, 201-214
CrossRef537
Monika Eichholzer, Brigitte Bisig. (1999) Ungen
CrossRef538
Ittai Neuman, Hermona Nahum, Ami Ben-Amotz. (1999) Prevention of exercise-induced asthma by a natural isomer mixture of β-carotene. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 82:6, 549-553
CrossRef539
Robert M. Russell, Helen Rasmussen, Fada. (1999) The Impact of Nutritional Needs of Older Adults on Recommended Food Intakes. Nutrition in Clinical Care 2:3, 164-176
CrossRef540
(1999) Position of The American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 99:6, 738-751
CrossRef541
Jayne V Woodside, Ian S Young, John W.G Yarnell, Heather E Roxborough, Dorothy McMaster, Evelyn E McCrum, K.Fred Gey, Alun Evans. (1999) Antioxidants, but not B-group vitamins increase the resistance of low-density lipoprotein to oxidation: a randomized, factorial design, placebo-controlled trial. Atherosclerosis 144:2, 419-427
CrossRef542
Dale A. Cooper, Alison L. Eldridge, John C. Peters. (1999) Dietary Carotenoids and Lung Cancer: A Review of Recent Research. Nutrition Reviews 57:5, 133-145
CrossRef543
Najla Guthrie, Kenneth K Carroll. (1999) Specific versus non-specific effects of dietary fat on carcinogenesis. Progress in Lipid Research 38:3, 261-271
CrossRef544
Jarmo Virtamo. (1999) Vitamins and lung cancer. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 58:02, 329-333
CrossRef545
Colleen Keller, Colleen Keller, Colleen Keller. (1999) Supplemental and Complementary Alternatives to Hormone Replacement Therapy. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners 11:5, 187-198
CrossRef546
Tammy R Dugas, Diane W Morel, Earl H Harrison. (1999) Dietary supplementation with β-carotene, but not with lycopene, inhibits endothelial cell-mediated oxidation of low-density lipoprotein. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 26:9-10, 1238-1244
CrossRef547
Carsten Ranke, Hans-Joachim Trappe. (1999) Update Angiologie. Medizinische Klinik 94:5, 251-263
CrossRef548
Debra A. Schaumberg, Paul M. Ridker, Robert J. Glynn, William G. Christen, M.Reza Dana, Charles H. Hennekens. (1999) High Levels of Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Future Risk of Age-Related Cataract. Annals of Epidemiology 9:3, 166-171
CrossRef549
He, Jiang, Vupputuri, Suma, Allen, Krista, Prerost, Monica R., Hughes, Janet, Whelton, Paul K., . (1999) Passive Smoking and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease — A Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Studies. New England Journal of Medicine 340:12, 920-926
Full Text550
Vince P Palace, Neelam Khaper, Qining Qin, Pawan K Singal. (1999) Antioxidant potentials of vitamin A and carotenoids and their relevance to heart disease. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 26:5-6, 746-761
CrossRef551
David L. DeMets. (1999) Statistics and ethics in medical research. Science and Engineering Ethics 5:1, 97-117
CrossRef552
Dieter Lenoir, Jürgen O. Metzger, Dieter Schrenk, Rolf Altenburger, Helmut Segner. (1999) Umweltchemie 1998. Nachrichten aus Chemie, Technik und Laboratorium 47:3, 291-302
CrossRef553
Andrew R. Collins. (1999) Oxidative DNA damage, antioxidants, and cancer. BioEssays 21:3, 238-246
CrossRef554
JoAnn E Manson, Paul M Ridker, Angela Spelsberg, Umed Ajani, Paulo A Lotufo, Charles H Hennekens. (1999) Vasectomy and subsequent cardiovascular disease in US physicians. Contraception 59:3, 181-186
CrossRef555
J. O. Boyle, J. Langenfeld, F. Lonardo, D. Sekula, P. Reczek, V. Rusch, M. I. Dawson, E. Dmitrovsky. (1999) Cyclin D1 Proteolysis: a Retinoid Chemoprevention Signal in Normal, Immortalized, and Transformed Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 91:4, 373-379
CrossRef556
E. Giovannucci. (1999) Tomatoes, Tomato-Based Products, Lycopene, and Cancer: Review of the Epidemiologic Literature. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 91:4, 317-331
CrossRef557
Curtis L. Meinert. (1999) Redesign of trials under different enrolment mixes. Statistics in Medicine 18:3, 241-251
CrossRef558
William G. Christen, Julie E. Buring, JoAnn E. Manson, Charles H. Hennekens. (1999) Beta-carotene supplementation. Current Opinion in Lipidology 10:1, 29-34
CrossRef559
C. O. Granai. (1999) Expectations about alternative therapies and women with gynecological cancer. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynaecology 11:1, 3-10
CrossRef560
Epstein, Franklin H., , Ross, Russell, . (1999) Atherosclerosis — An Inflammatory Disease. New England Journal of Medicine 340:2, 115-126
Full Text561
R. Lotan. (1999) Lung Cancer Promotion by -Carotene and Tobacco Smoke: Relationship to Suppression of Retinoic Acid Receptor- and Increased Activator Protein-1?. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 91:1, 7-9
CrossRef562
D. Kromhout. 1999. Are Antioxidants Effective in Primary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease?. , 20-26.
CrossRef563
J.T. Salonen. 1999. Aantioxidants, Lipid Peroxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases. , 3-8.
CrossRef564
R Doll. (1999) The Pierre Denoix Memorial Lecture: Nature and nurture in the control of cancer. European Journal of Cancer 35:1, 16-23
CrossRef565
Betty Jane Burri, Andrew Clifford, Zisca Dixon. 1999. β-Carotene Normalizes Oxidative Damage in Carotenoid-Depleted Women. , 231-233.
CrossRef566
Lars Ovesen. (1999) Functional foods: some relevant considerations?. British Food Journal 101:10, 809-817
CrossRef567
Hadar Amir, Michael Karas, Judith Giat, Michael Danilenko, Rachel Levy, Tikva Yermiahu, Joseph Levy, Yoav Sharoni. (1999) Lycopene and 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin d 3 cooperate in the inhibition of cell cycle progression and induction of differentiation in hl‐60 leukemic cells. Nutrition and Cancer 33:1, 105-112
CrossRef568
D. Kromhout. (1999) Fatty acids, antioxidants, and coronary heart disease from an epidemiological perspective. Lipids 34:S1, S27-S31
CrossRef569
Joseph Levy, Michael Danilenko, Michael Karas, Hadar Amir, Amit Nahum, Yudit Giat, Yoav Sharoni. 1999. Mechanisms of Action of the Antioxidant Lycopene in Cancer. , 377-384.
CrossRef570
Maria G Salgo, Rafael Cueto, Gary W Winston, William A Pryor. (1999) Beta carotene and its oxidation products have different effects on microsome mediated binding of benzo[a]pyrene to DNA. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 26:1-2, 162-173
CrossRef571
I-Min Lee. (1999) Antioxidant Vitamins in the Prevention of Cancer. Proceedings of the Association of American Physicians 111:1, 10-15
CrossRef572
J. Michael Gaziano. (1999) Antioxidant Vitamins and Cardiovascular Disease. Proceedings of the Association of American Physicians 111:1, 2-9
CrossRef573
Jorg Muntwyler, Charles H Hennekens, Julle E Buring, J Michael Gaziano. (1998) Mortality and light to moderate alcohol consumption after myocardial infarction. The Lancet 352:9144, 1882-1885
CrossRef574
GILBERT S OMENN. (1998) An Assessment of the Scientific Basis for Attempting to Define the Dietary Reference Intake for Beta Carotene. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 98:12, 1406-1409
CrossRef575
Andrew R Collins. (1998) Molecular epidemiology in cancer research. Molecular Aspects of Medicine 19:6, 359-432
CrossRef576
BENJAMIN WONG, SHIU-KUM LAM. (1998) Epidemiology of gastric cancer in relation to diet and Helicobacter pylori infection. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 13:11-s4, S166-S172
CrossRef577
M. MEYDANI, R. D. LIPMAN, S. N. HAN, D. WU, A. BEHARKA, K. R. MARTIN, R. BRONSON, G. CAO, D. SMITH, S. N. MEYDANI. (1998) The Effect of Long-term Dietary Supplementation with Antioxidantsa. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 854:1 TOWARDS PROLO, 352-360
CrossRef578
Wilson H. Miller. (1998) The emerging role of retinoids and retinoic acid metabolism blocking agents in the treatment of cancer. Cancer 83:8, 1471-1482
CrossRef579
Jay W Heinecke. (1998) Oxidants and antioxidants in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: implications for the oxidized low density lipoprotein hypothesis. Atherosclerosis 141:1, 1-15
CrossRef580
S. Bradley, R. Shinton. (1998) Why is there an association between eating fruit and vegetables and a lower risk of stroke?. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 11:5, 363-372
CrossRef581
David Wood, Guy De Backer, Ole Faergeman, Ian Graham, Giuseppe Mancia, Kalevi Pyörälä. (1998) Prevention of coronary heart disease in clinical practice: Recommendations of the Second Joint Task Force of European and other Societies on Coronary Prevention1European Society of Cardiology, European Atherosclerosis Society, European Society of Hypertension, International Society of Behavioural Medicine, European Society of General Practice/Family Medicine, European Heart Network.1,2Published simultaneously in the European Heart Journal 1998;19:1434–1503 and the Journal of Hypertension (Summary only) 1998;16(10).2. Atherosclerosis 140:2, 199-270
CrossRef582
D.A.Janneke Brouwer, Frederic Molin, Christien M van Beusekom, Jasper J van Doormaal, Frits A.J Muskiet. (1998) Influence of fasting on circulating levels of α-tocopherol and β-carotene. Effect of short-term supplementation. Clinica Chimica Acta 277:2, 127-139
CrossRef583
Cheryl L. Rock. (1998) NUTRITIONAL FACTORS IN CANCER PREVENTION. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 12:5, 975-991
CrossRef584
Ming You, Gerald Bergman. (1998) PRECLINICAL AND CLINICAL MODELS OF LUNG CANCER CHEMOPREVENTION. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 12:5, 1037-1053
CrossRef585
Koyamangalath Krishnan, Mack T. Ruffin, Dean E. Brenner. (1998) CLINICAL MODELS OF CHEMOPREVENTION FOR COLON CANCER. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 12:5, 1079-1113
CrossRef586
Paola Palozza. (1998) Prooxidant Actions of Carotenoids in Biologic Systems. Nutrition Reviews 56:9, 257-265
CrossRef587
A.Maziar Zafari, Nanette K. Wenger. (1998) Secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 79:8, 1006-1017
CrossRef588
Seljeflot, Arnesen, Brude, Nenseter, Drevon, Hjermann. (1998) Effects of omega-3 fatty acids and/or antioxidants on endothelial cell markers. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 28:8, 629-635
CrossRef589
A. T. Diplock, J.-L. Charuleux, G. Crozier-Willi, F. J. Kok, C. Rice-Evans, M. Roberfroid, W. Stahl, J. Viña-Ribes. (1998) Functional food science and defence against reactive oxidative species. British Journal of Nutrition 80:S1, S77
CrossRef590
&NA; Ylä-Herttuala. (1998) Is oxidized low‐density lipoprotein present in vivo?. Current Opinion in Lipidology 9:4, 337-344
CrossRef591
Andrew R Collins, Katarı́na Rašlová, Martina Somorovská, Helena Petrovská, Adriana Ondrušová, Branislav Vohnout, Radoslav Fábry, Mária Dušinská. (1998) DNA Damage in Diabetes: Correlation with a Clinical Marker. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 25:3, 373-377
CrossRef592
S Hercberg. (1998) A Primary Prevention Trial Using Nutritional Doses of Antioxidant Vitamins and Minerals in Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers in a General Population The SU.VI.MAX Study—Design, Methods, and Participant Characteristics. Controlled Clinical Trials 19:4, 336-351
CrossRef593
Ami Ben-Amotz, Rachel Fishier. (1998) Analysis of carotenoids with emphasis on 9-cis β-carotene in vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in Israel. Food Chemistry 62:4, 515-520
CrossRef594
Seghieri, Martinoli, di Felice, Anichini, Fazzini, Ciuti, Miceli, Gaspa, Franconi. (1998) Plasma and platelet ascorbate pools and lipid peroxidation in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 28:8, 659-663
CrossRef595
S. E. Gariballa, A. J. Sinclair. (1998) Nutrition, ageing and ill health. British Journal of Nutrition 80:01, 7
CrossRef596
Serge Hercberg, Pilar Galan, Paul Preziosi, Maria-Jose Alfarez, Clotilde Vazquez. (1998) The potential role of antioxidant vitamins in preventing cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Nutrition 14:6, 513-520
CrossRef597
Donald D. Hensrud, Douglas C. Heimburger. (1998) DIET, NUTRIENTS, AND GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 27:2, 325-346
CrossRef598
Bernhard Maisch. (1998) Koronare Herzkranheit als Entzündungserkrankung des Gefäßbetts? Ursache, Folge oder Irrtum?. Herz 23:3, 147-152
CrossRef599
M.Cristina Leske, Leo T Chylack, Qimei He, Suh-Yuh Wu, Elinor Schoenfeld, Judith Friend, John Wolfe. (1998) Antioxidant vitamins and nuclear opacities. Ophthalmology 105:5, 831-836
CrossRef600
Gilbert S. Omenn. (1998) CHEMOPREVENTION OF LUNG CANCER: The Rise and Demise of Beta-Carotene. Annual Review of Public Health 19:1, 73-99
CrossRef601
C Berr, M.J Richard, A.M Roussel, C Bonithon-Kopp. (1998) Systemic Oxidative Stress and Cognitive Performance in the Population-Based EVA Study. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 24:7-8, 1202-1208
CrossRef602
Francis R Heller, Olivier Descamps, Jean-Claude Hondekijn. (1998) LDL oxidation: therapeutic perspectives. Atherosclerosis 137, S25-S31
CrossRef603
Paul Terry, Olof Nyrén, Jonathan Yuen. (1998) Protective effect of fruits and vegetables on stomach cancer in a cohort of Swedish twins. International Journal of Cancer 76:1, 35-37
CrossRef604
M Mathews-Roth. (1998) Treatment of the Cutaneous Porphyrias. Clinics in Dermatology 16:2, 295-298
CrossRef605
Elke Konings, E.Robert Greenberg. (1998) Antioxidant supplements and colorectal cancer. Nutrition 14:2, 245-247
CrossRef606
Okezie I. Aruoma. (1998) Free radicals, oxidative stress, and antioxidants in human health and disease. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 75:2, 199-212
CrossRef607
Steven K. Clinton. (1998) Lycopene: Chemistry, Biology, and Implications for Human Health and Disease. Nutrition Reviews 56:2, 35-51
CrossRef608
Kedar N. Prasad, William Cole, Peter Hovland. (1998) Cancer prevention studies: Past, present, and future directions. Nutrition 14:2, 197-210
CrossRef609
K. Fred Gey. (1998) Vitamins E plus C and interacting conutrients required for optimal health. BioFactors 7:1-2, 113-174
CrossRef610
Reina Garcia‐Closas, Antonio Agudo, Carlos A. Gonzalez, Elio Riboli. (1998) Intake of specific carotenoids and flavonoids and the risk of lung cancer in women in Barcelona, Spain. Nutrition and Cancer 32:3, 154-158
CrossRef611
MARTIN STARR. (1998) Cranberry Juice Cocktail: Marketing without a Health Claim. Journal of Medicinal Food 1:4, 288-291
CrossRef612
Anna R. Giuliano, Susan Gapstur. (1998) Can Cervical Dysplasia and Cs Nutrients?. Nutrition Reviews 56:1, 9-16
CrossRef613
CARMEN WHEATLEY. (1998) Vitamin Trials and Cancer: What went Wrong?. Journal of Nutritional and Environmental Medicine 8:3, 277-288
CrossRef614
Homer S. Black. (1998) Radical interception by carotenoids and effects on UV carcinogenesis. Nutrition and Cancer 31:3, 212-217
CrossRef615
Eric Yarnell. (1997) Prevention of Cancer With Botanical Medicines. Alternative and Complementary Therapies 3:6, 427-432
CrossRef616
STEPHEN S. HECHT. (1997) Tobacco and Cancer: Approaches Using Carcinogen Biomarkers and Chemoprevention. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 833:1 Cancer, 91-111
CrossRef617
R Temple. (1997) When are clinical trials of a given agent vs. placebo no longer appropriate or feasible?. Controlled Clinical Trials 18:6, 613-620
CrossRef618
Manuel Sandoval, Robert A. Ronzio, Dave N. Muanza, David A. Clark, Mark J.S. Miller. (1997) Peroxynitrite-Induced Apoptosis in Epithelial (T84) and Macrophage (RAW 264.7) Cell Lines: Effect of Legume-Derived Polyphenols (Phytolens). Nitric Oxide 1:6, 476-483
CrossRef619
A.H. Simonne, E.H. Simonne, R.R. Eitenmiller, H.A. Mills, N.R. Green. (1997) Ascorbic Acid and Provitamin A Contents in Unusually Colored Bell Peppers (Capsicum annuumL.). Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 10:4, 299-311
CrossRef620
Damiano Baldassarre, Guido Franceschini, Giulia Peruzzotti, Bruno Brusoni, Cesare R. Sirtori. (1997) Clinical Evaluation of Probucol in Hypercholesterolemia: Individual Lipoprotein Responses and Inhibitory Effect on Carotid Atherosclerosis Progression. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 30:6, 784-789
CrossRef621
Alan Mortensen, Leif H. Skibsted, Julia Sampson, Catherine Rice-Evans, Steven A. Everett. (1997) Comparative mechanisms and rates of free radical scavenging by carotenoid antioxidants. FEBS Letters 418:1-2, 91-97
CrossRef622
Dae Joong Kim, Nobuo Takasuka, Jin Man Kim, Kazunori Sekine, Tomonori Ota, Makoto Asamoto, Michiaki Murakoshi, Hoyoku Nishino, Zohar Nir, Hiroyuki Tsuda. (1997) Chemoprevention by lycopene of mouse lung neoplasia after combined initiation treatment with DEN, MNU and DMH. Cancer Letters 120:1, 15-22
CrossRef623
Helen J. Palmer, K. Eric Paulson. (1997) Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidants in Signal Transduction and Gene Expression. Nutrition Reviews 55:10, 353-361
CrossRef624
Garry J. Handelman. (1997) High-Dose Vitamin Supplements for Cigarette Smokers: Caution Is Indicated. Nutrition Reviews 55:10, 369-370
CrossRef625
L.P.L. van de Vijver, A.F.M. Kardinaal, D.E. Grobbee, H.M.G. Princen, G. van Poppel. (1997) Lipoprotein oxidation, antioxidants and cardiovascular risk: epidemiologic evidence. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 57:4-5, 479-487
CrossRef626
Cheryl L. Rock. (1997) Carotenoids: Biology and treatment. Pharmacology & Therapeutics 75:3, 185-197
CrossRef627
Epstein, Franklin H., , Diaz, Marco N., Frei, Balz, Vita, Joseph A., Keaney, John F. Jr., . (1997) Antioxidants and Atherosclerotic Heart Disease. New England Journal of Medicine 337:6, 408-416
Full Text628
Lori Mosca, Melvyn Rubenfire, Caroline Mandel, Cheryl Rock, Tom Tarshis, Alan Tsai, Thomas Pearson. (1997) Antioxidant Nutrient Supplementation Reduces the Susceptibility of Low Density Lipoprotein to Oxidation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 30:2, 392-399
CrossRef629
Charles H. Hennekens. (1997) β-Carotene supplementation and cancer prevention. Nutrition 13:7-8, 697-699
CrossRef630
. (1997) Antioxiderende vitamines, cardiovasculaire ziekten en kanker. Medisch-Farmaceutische Mededelingen 35:7, 130-131
CrossRef631
A Agudo. (1997) Vegetable and fruit intake and the risk of lung cancer in women in Barcelona, Spain. European Journal of Cancer 33:8, 1256-1261
CrossRef632
Eijiro Okajima, Seiichiro Ozono, Takehiro Endo, Toshimitsu Majima, Masahiro Tsutsumi, Tomokazu Fukuda, Hiroyuki Akai, Ayumi Denda, Yoshihiko Hirao, Eigoro Okajima, Hoyoku Nishino, Zohar Nir, Yoichi Konishi. (1997) Chemopreventive Efficacy of Piroxicam Administered Alone or in Combination with Lycopene and beta-Carotene on the Development of Rat Urinary Bladder Carcinoma after A N-Butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine Treatment. Cancer Science 88:6, 543-552
CrossRef633
Gérard M London, Tilman B Drüeke. (1997) Atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis in chronic renal failure. Kidney International 51:6, 1678-1695
CrossRef634
Frances A. Shepherd. (1997) Alternatives to chemotherapy and radiotherapy as adjuvant treatment for lung cancer. Lung Cancer 17, S121-S136
CrossRef635
Margarita M. Sotelo, Susan R. Johnson. (1997) THE EFFECTS OF HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY ON CORONARY HEART DISEASE. Endocrinology & Metabolism Clinics of North America 26:2, 313-328
CrossRef636
Seymour L. Romney, Gloria Y.F. Ho, Prabhudas R. Palan, Jayasri Basu, Anna S. Kadish, Sara Klein, Magdy Mikhail, Robert J. Hagan, Chee Jen Chang, Robert D. Burk. (1997) Effects of β-Carotene and Other Factors on Outcome of Cervical Dysplasia and Human Papillomavirus Infection. Gynecologic Oncology 65:3, 483-492
CrossRef637
Fadlo R. Khuri, Jonathan M. Kurie, Waun K. Hong. (1997) CHEMOPREVENTION OF RESPIRATORY TRACT CANCER. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 11:3, 387-408
CrossRef638
Janne M Rapola, Jarmo Virtamo, Samuli Ripatti, Jussi K Huttunen, Demetrius Albanes, Philip R Taylor, Olli P Heinonen. (1997) Randomised trial of α-tocopherol and β-carotene supplements on incidence of major coronary events in men with previous myocardial infarction. The Lancet 349:9067, 1715-1720
CrossRef639
Nigel Stephens. (1997) Anti-oxidant therapy for ischaemic heart disease: where do we stand?. The Lancet 349:9067, 1710-1711
CrossRef640
H. Park, P. A. Seib, O. K. Chung, L. M. Seitz. (1997) Fortifying Bread with Each of Three Antioxidants 1. Cereal Chemistry 74:3, 202-206
CrossRef641
Michael Osborne, Peter Boyle, Martin Lipkin. (1997) Cancer prevention. The Lancet 349, S27-S30
CrossRef642
Ridker, Paul M., Cushman, Mary, Stampfer, Meir J., Tracy, Russell P., Hennekens, Charles H., . (1997) Inflammation, Aspirin, and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Apparently Healthy Men. New England Journal of Medicine 336:14, 973-979
Full Text643
Takuji Tanaka. (1997) Chemo
revention of human cancer: biology and therapy. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 25:3, 139-174
CrossRef644
Yoshitaka Tsubono, Shunji Okubo, Masato Hayashi, Tadao Kakizoe, Shoichiro Tsugane. (1997) A Randomized Controlled Trial for Chemoprevention of Gastric Cancer in High-risk Japanese Population; Study Design, Feasibility and Protocol Modification. Cancer Science 88:4, 344-349
CrossRef645
U. Martin, C. Eagles. (1997) Non-pharmacological modification of cardiac risk factors: part 2. The role of diet. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 22:2, 99-108
CrossRef646
CHERYL L. ROCK, ROBERTA. JACOB, PHYLLIS E. BOWEN. (1997) Authors' Reply. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 97:4, 375-376
CrossRef647
W. Y. Zhang, A. Li Wan Po. (1997) Do codeine and caffeine enhance the analgesic effect of aspirin?-A systematic overview. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 22:2, 79-97
CrossRef648
J. V. Woodside, I. S. Young, J. W. G. Yarnell, D. McMaster, A. E. Evans. (1997) The effects of oral vitamin supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 56:1B, 479-488
CrossRef649
Matti Rautalahti, Demetrius Albanes, Jarmo Virtamo, Philip R. Taylor, Jussi K. Huttunen, Olli P. Heinonen. (1997) Beta-carotene did not work: aftermath of the ATBC study. Cancer Letters 114:1-2, 235-236
CrossRef650
John D. Potter. (1997) β-Carotene and the role of intervention studies. Cancer Letters 114:1-2, 329-331
CrossRef651
Andrew Arnold. (1997) Moving promising research findings to the clinic: Methodological issues in the design and conduct of clinical trials of retinoids. International Journal of Cancer 70:4, 467-469
CrossRef652
Takuji Tanaka. (1997) Effect of diet on human carcinogenesis. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 25:2, 73-95
CrossRef653
Curtis Mettlin. (1997) Chemoprevention: Will it work?. International Journal of Cancer 71:S10, 18-21
CrossRef654
Paola Palozza, Gabriella Calviello, Simona Serini, Piera Moscato, Chiara Luberto, Gianna Maria Bartoli. (1997) Antitumor effect of an oral administration of canthaxanthin on BALB/c mice bearing thymoma cells. Nutrition and Cancer 28:2, 199-205
CrossRef655
Janusz Pawlęga, Jadwiga Rachtan, Tadeusz Dyba. (1997) Evaluation of Certain Risk Factors for Lung Cancer in Cracow (Poland): A Case-Control Study. Acta Oncologica 36:5, 471-476
CrossRef656
Matti Hakama. (1997) Chemoprevention research in Europe. International Journal of Cancer 71:S10, 30-33
CrossRef657
Julie E. Buring, Charles H. Hennekens. (1997) Antioxidant Vitamins and Cardiovascular Disease. Nutrition Reviews 55:1, S53-S58
CrossRef658
Youping He, Martin M. Root, Robert S. Parker, T. Colin Campbell. (1997) Effects of carotenoid‐rich food extracts on the development of preneoplastic lesions in rat liver and on in vivo and in vitro antioxidant status. Nutrition and Cancer 27:3, 238-244
CrossRef659
Pierre Astorg, Sandra Gradelet, Raymond Bergès, Marc Suschetet. (1997) Dietary lycopene decreases the initiation of liver preneoplastic foci by diethylnitrosamine in the rat. Nutrition and Cancer 29:1, 60-68
CrossRef660
Pierre Astorg, Sandra Gradelet, Joel Leclerc, Marie‐Hélène Siess. (1997) Effects of provitamin a or non‐provitamin a carotenoids on liver xenobiotic‐metabolizing enzymes in mice. Nutrition and Cancer 27:3, 245-249
CrossRef661
Luc Thiberville, Peter Payne, Josette Metayer, Jüergen Vielkinds, Jean Leriche, Branko Palcic, Stephen Lam. (1997) Molecular follow-up of a preinvasive bronchial lesion treated by 13-CIS-retinoic acid. Human Pathology 28:1, 108-110
CrossRef662
Koyamangalath Krishnan, Dean E. Brenner. (1996) CHEMOPREVENTION OF COLORECTAL CANCER. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 25:4, 821-858
CrossRef663
G S Omenn. (1996) Comment: genetics and public health.. American Journal of Public Health 86:12, 1701-1704
CrossRef664
Committee Members, Thomas J. Ryan, Jeffrey L. Anderson, Elliott M. Antman, Blaine A. Braniff, Neil H. Brooks, Robert M. Califf, L. David Hillis, Loren F. Hiratzka, Elliott Rapaport, Barbara J. Riegel, Richard O. Russell, Earl E. Smith, W. Douglas Weaver, James L. Ritchie, Melvin D. Cheitlin, Kim A. Eagle, Timothy J. Gardner, Arthur Garson, Raymond J. Gibbons, Richard P. Lewis, Robert A. O'Rourke, Thomas J. Ryan. (1996) ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 28:5, 1328-1419
CrossRef665
Christopher B. Granger. (1996) Diet and secondary prevention of coronary disease: Is it time to stop chewing the fat?. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 28:5, 1109-1110
CrossRef666
Taik-Koo Yun. (1996) Experimental and Epidemiological Evidence of the Cancer-Preventive Effects of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Nutrition Reviews 54:11, S71-S81
CrossRef667
(1996) Antioxidant Vitamins, Cancer, and Cardiovascular Disease. New England Journal of Medicine 335:14, 1065-1069
Full Text668
G PASCAL. (1996) Des aliments fonctionnels pour demain?. Biofutur 1996:160, 27-30
CrossRef669
James H. O'Keefe, Robert D. Conn, Carl J. Lavie, Timothy M. Bateman. (1996) The New Paradigm for Coronary Artery Disease: Altering Risk Factors, Atherosclerotic Plaques, and Clinical Prognosis. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 71:10, 957-965
CrossRef670
J.Michael Gaziano. (1996) Antioxidants in cardiovascular disease: Randomized trials. Nutrition 12:9, 583-588
CrossRef671
T TRUSCOTT. (1996) β-carotene and disease: a suggested pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant mechanism and speculations concerning its role in cigarette smoking. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 35:3, 233-235
CrossRef672
Marion Nestle. (1996) Fruits and Vegetables: Protective or Just Fellow Travelers?. Nutrition Reviews 54:8, 255-257
CrossRef673
J. Michael Gaziano. (1996) Antioxidants in Cardiovascular Disease: Randomized Trials. Nutrition Reviews 54:6, 175-177
CrossRef674
Luigi M. Luca, Sharon A. Ross. (1996) Beta-Carotene Increases Lung Cancer Incidence in Cigarette Smokers. Nutrition Reviews 54:6, 178-180
CrossRef675
John W. Erdman. (1996) Beta-Carotene and the Carotenoids: Beyond the Intervention Trials. Nutrition Reviews 54:6, 185-188
CrossRef676
Greenberg, E. Robert, Sporn, Michael B., . (1996) Antioxidant Vitamins, Cancer, and Cardiovascular Disease. New England Journal of Medicine 334:18, 1189-1190
Full Text677
Omenn, Gilbert S., Goodman, Gary E., Thornquist, Mark D., Balmes, John, Cullen, Mark R., Glass, Andrew, Keogh, James P., Meyskens, Frank L. Jr., Valanis, Barbara, Williams, James H. Jr., Barnhart, Scott, Hammar, Samuel, . (1996) Effects of a Combination of Beta Carotene and Vitamin A on Lung Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease. New England Journal of Medicine 334:18, 1150-1155
Full Text678
(1996) Review. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 34:8, 599-608
CrossRef
- Letters
