Original Article
Hyperhomocysteinemia as a Risk Factor for Deep-Vein Thrombosis
N Engl J Med 1996; 334:759-762March 21, 1996
- Abstract
Background
Previous studies have suggested that hyperhomocysteinemia may be a risk factor for venous thrombosis. To assess the risk of venous thrombosis associated with hyperhomocysteinemia, we studied plasma homocysteine levels in patients with a first episode of deep-vein thrombosis and in normal control subjects.
Methods
We measured plasma homocysteine levels in 269 patients with a first, objectively diagnosed episode of deep-vein thrombosis and in 269 healthy controls matched to the patients according to age and sex. Hyperhomocysteinemia was defined as a plasma homocysteine level above the 95th percentile in the control group (18.5 μmol per liter).
Results
Of the 269 patients, 28 (10 percent) had plasma homocysteine levels above the 95th percentile for the controls, as compared with 13 of the controls (matched odds ratio, 2.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.2 to 5.2). The association between elevated homocysteine levels and venous thrombosis was stronger among women than among men and increased with age. The exclusion of subjects with other established risk factors for thrombosis (e.g., a deficiency of protein C, protein S, or antithrombin; resistance to activated protein C; pregnancy or recent childbirth; or oral-contraceptive use) did not materially affect the risk estimates.
Conclusions
High plasma homocysteine levels are a risk factor for deep-vein thrombosis in the general population.
Media in This Article
Figure 2
Odds Ratio for Thrombosis According to Plasma Homocysteine Level.Figure 1
Plasma Homocysteine Levels in 269 Patients with Deep-Vein Thrombosis and 269 Controls.Article Activity
- Article
Mild hyperhomocysteinemia is an established risk factor for atherosclerosis and vascular disease.1,2 In classic homocystinuria, half the vascular complications are of venous origin,3 but until recently it has been unclear whether mild hyperhomocysteinemia is also a risk factor for venous thrombosis.2,4,5 In a case–control study, Falcon et al. found that hyperhomocysteinemia was a risk factor for thrombosis in people younger than 40 years of age.6 They reported that the difference in homocysteine levels between case patients and control subjects was particularly evident after methionine loading (since methionine is a precursor of homocysteine). Recently, we found hyperhomocysteinemia to be a risk factor for recurrent venous thrombosis in patients between 20 and 70 years of age, as compared with controls from the general population.7 Although the results of these studies support the hypothesis that mild hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for venous thrombosis, the studies were not designed to estimate the risk in the general population.
We measured homocysteine concentrations in patients and matched control subjects participating in the Leiden Thrombophilia Study.8-11 This is a population-based case–control study designed to measure the effect of several acquired and genetic risk factors for thrombosis in the general population. Because of the data available on the study subjects, we were able to investigate whether the effect of hyperhomocysteinemia was independent of other well-established risk factors for thrombosis, such as a deficiency of protein C, protein S, or antithrombin; use of oral contraceptives; and pregnancy or recent childbirth. Recently, resistance to activated protein C caused by a single point mutation in the factor V gene (factor V Leiden) has been reported to be the most common hereditary cause of venous thrombosis.12 Since hyperhomocysteinemia also appears to be common, we examined the risk of thrombosis in persons with both abnormalities.
Methods
The methods by which blood samples were obtained and interview data were collected have been described elsewhere.8-11 The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee, and all participants gave their informed consent. Briefly, consecutive patients younger than 70 years of age who had a first episode of deep-vein thrombosis, objectively confirmed (by impedance plethysmography, Doppler ultrasonography, compression ultrasonography, or contrast venography), between 1988 and 1993 and who had no known cancer were selected from the files of three anticoagulation clinics in the Netherlands (in Leiden, Amsterdam, and Rotterdam). These clinics monitor the anticoagulant treatment of virtually all patients in well-defined geographic areas. Each patient was asked to find his or her own healthy control subject of the same sex and age (within five years) by asking neighbors or friends. We restricted the present analysis to case patients and controls who were seen at the Leiden Anticoagulation Clinic and whose blood samples were processed and frozen on site with minimal delay. (Blood samples from participants in Amsterdam and Rotterdam were also processed in Leiden, which caused delays of several hours, and homocysteine measurements were therefore less accurate than those measured in samples from subjects in Leiden.13)
The total homocysteine concentration was measured in citrated plasma by automated high-performance liquid chromatography with reverse-phase separation and fluorescent detection (with a Gilson 232-401 sample processor, Spectra-Physics 8800 solvent-delivery system, and Spectra-Physics LC 304 fluorometer). We used the method described by Fiskerstrand et al.13 with some modifications.14 If not otherwise stated, hyperhomocysteinemia was defined as a homocysteine level above the 95th percentile in the control group (18.5 μmol per liter).
We calculated matched odds ratios as estimates of the relative risk of thrombosis for homocysteine values above a given point, with the matching factor taken into account. The univariate matched odds ratio is the ratio of the number of pairs of case patients and controls in which the homocysteine value for the case patient was above the specified level and the value for the control was below that level to the number of pairs in which the homocysteine value for the control was above the specified level and the value for the case patient was below that level. The 95 percent confidence intervals were calculated from a conditional logistic-regression algorithm by the maximum-likelihood method, with Egret software. We also investigated a possible dose–response relation by calculating odds ratios for several ranges of homocysteine concentrations in a conditional logistic model. In addition, we calculated odds ratios for men and women separately and for several age groups in order to study possible differences in risk among these subgroups.
We further explored the differences in risk between men and women by taking risk factors specific to women into account — specifically, the use of oral contraceptives, pregnancy, and recent childbirth. We analyzed the risk of thrombosis among women less than 50 years old, both with and without the inclusion of women with these risk factors, by calculating unmatched odds ratios. The use of unmatched odds ratios was necessary because in the restricted groups many matched pairs would not have been complete. Since the matched and unmatched odds ratios did not differ substantially in any of our analyses, we considered this approach justified.
We also assessed whether the increased risk associated with hyperhomocysteinemia in both sexes was confounded by other risk factors, such as a deficiency of protein C, protein S, or antithrombin. We repeated the analysis after excluding subjects with abnormally low levels of these proteins (measured, as previously reported, with a single test8) and estimated the risk associated with hyperhomocysteinemia in persons with normal protein C, protein S, and antithrombin levels.
Finally, we looked at the possibility of an interaction between hyperhomocysteinemia and heterozygosity (carrier status) for factor V Leiden, a rather common defect that causes resistance to activated protein C. We analyzed this interaction by calculating univariate odds ratios for thrombosis in persons with both or either of these risk factors, as compared with persons with neither risk factor.
Results
The ratio of male to female subjects among both the case patients and the controls was 1:1.3, and the mean age was 44 years (range, 16 to 70 for the case patients and 16 to 71 for the controls); both these variables were used in matching the case patients and the controls.
The median plasma homocysteine level in the patients was 12.9 μmol per liter (range, 4.8 to 60.2), and that in the controls was 12.3 μmol per liter (range, 6.4 to 37.5). The homocysteine concentrations of individual case patients and controls are shown in Figure 1Figure 1
Plasma Homocysteine Levels in 269 Patients with Deep-Vein Thrombosis and 269 Controls..The 95th percentile of the homocysteine levels in the control group was 18.5 μmol per liter. Of the 269 patients, 28 (10 percent) exceeded this cutoff, as compared with 13 (5 percent, by definition) in the control group. The matched odds ratio for deep-vein thrombosis in subjects with a homocysteine concentration above the 95th percentile, as compared with those whose homocysteine levels were at or below that value, was 2.5 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.2 to 5.2). When the cutoff was set at the 90th percentile, the matched odds ratio was 1.9 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.1 to 3.3); it was 4.0 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.4 to 12.0) when the cutoff was the 97.5th percentile (Table 1Table 1
Pairwise Distribution of Plasma Homocysteine Values in 269 Case Patients and Their Matched Controls, According to Various Definitions of Hyperhomocysteinemia.).In order to evaluate the possibility of a dose–response relation, we stratified the patients and controls according to their homocysteine concentrations and calculated odds ratios for thrombosis in the patients at the higher levels as compared with those at the lowest level. As Figure 2Figure 2
Odds Ratio for Thrombosis According to Plasma Homocysteine Level. shows, the risk of thrombosis did not increase among subjects with homocysteine levels up to 18 μmol per liter; the risk was greatly increased above 22 μmol per liter, however, indicating a threshold effect rather than a continuous dose–response relation.Odds ratios for several age groups and for men and women separately are shown in Table 2Table 2
Odds Ratios for Thrombosis Associated with Hyperhomocysteinemia, According to Age and Sex.. For both sexes, there was a sharp increase in the risk of thrombosis associated with hyperhomocysteinemia at increasing ages. The overall odds ratio for thrombosis associated with hyperhomocysteinemia in women was 7.0 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.6 to 30.8), and in men it was 1.4 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.6 to 3.4), with the cutoff set at the 95th percentile of the homocysteine levels in the control group (P = 0.067 for the comparison between the sexes). When we calculated the 95th percentile of the distribution of homocysteine levels for men and women separately, we found a 95th percentile of 17.1 μmol per liter among women and 20.0 μmol per liter among men in the control group. Using these cutoffs for hyperhomocysteinemia, we found an odds ratio for thrombosis of 3.8 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.4 to 10.2) for women and 1.8 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.6 to 5.4) for men.The higher rate of hyperhomocysteinemia in women than in men was present at all ages, making it unlikely that the difference was due to risk factors specific to women, such as the use of oral contraceptives, recent childbirth, or pregnancy. Indeed, when we excluded women with these risk factors, the unmatched odds ratio for thrombosis that was associated with hyperhomocysteinemia (with the 95th percentile for both sexes — 18.5 μmol per liter — as the cutoff for hyperhomocysteinemia) among women under the age of 50 was 11.3 (95 percent confidence interval, 2.7 to 46.0), whereas it was 2.8 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.9 to 8.7) for all women, both those with and those without these risk factors, under the age of 50.
Of the 269 patients, 15 had protein C deficiency, 7 had protein S deficiency, and 10 had antithrombin deficiency. In the control group, four had protein C deficiency, eight had protein S deficiency, and eight had antithrombin deficiency. After excluding these subjects, we found a matched odds ratio for deep-vein thrombosis of 2.6 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.2 to 5.9), as compared with 2.5 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.2 to 5.2) when those subjects were included; this result shows that the effect of homocysteine is largely independent of these deficiencies in clotting-factor inhibitors.
With respect to the combination of factor V Leiden and hyperhomocysteinemia, we calculated odds ratios for thrombosis in subjects with both risk factors or either one in relation to subjects with neither. A total of 47 of the patients carried the factor V Leiden mutation, as compared with 7 of the controls. The small number with both defects made the results statistically unstable and somewhat sensitive to the cutoff chosen for elevated homocysteine levels. When the 90th percentile was used as the cutoff, the odds ratio for thrombosis associated with the presence of both risk factors (factor V Leiden and hyperhomocysteinemia) was 3.5 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.7 to 16.9); the odds ratios for thrombosis associated with factor V Leiden alone and hyperhomocysteinemia alone, calculated separately, were 9.5 and 2.2, respectively. With the 95th percentile used as the cutoff, the odds ratio for the combination of risk factors was 2.0 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.4 to 10.9), whereas the odds ratios for each risk factor separately remained virtually unchanged. The statistical uncertainty of results based on these data is reflected in the wide confidence intervals, which do not exclude a relative risk as high as 16.9.
Discussion
Our study shows that hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for deep-vein thrombosis in the general population. Moreover, our results suggest that the association between mild hyperhomocysteinemia and venous thrombosis is similar in degree to that reported for hyperhomocysteinemia and arterial vascular disease.15,16 An unexpected finding was the substantial increase in the risk of thrombosis at the highest plasma homocysteine levels. Our data suggest that there may be a threshold level above which homocysteine has a thrombogenic effect.
Falcon et al. reported that hyperhomocysteinemia was a risk factor for juvenile thrombosis.6 Our data imply that hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for thrombosis in adult subjects as well, since we found an increasing odds ratio with increasing age.
When we analyzed men and women separately, we found a difference in the risk of thrombosis associated with hyperhomocysteinemia. Even when we used different cutoff points for hyperhomocysteinemia in men and women by calculating the 95th percentiles of their homocysteine distributions in the control group separately, we found that the odds ratio was roughly twice as high for women as for men. This suggests that women may be more susceptible to the pathologic effects of elevated homocysteine levels, even though their homocysteine levels are in general lower than those of men.1 This effect cannot be explained by risk factors specific to women (such as pregnancy, recent childbirth, and oral-contraceptive use); an effect of these risk factors was unlikely in any case because the difference between men and women who did not have such risk factors was even more pronounced.
Hyperhomocysteinemia remained a risk factor for deep-vein thrombosis after we excluded subjects with other well-established risk factors; that is, the association with thrombosis was not explained by the presence of other hereditary risk factors for thrombosis, such as a deficiency of protein C, protein S, or antithrombin. The same was true of the most common hereditary risk factor for deep venous thrombosis, resistance to activated protein C, since hyperhomocysteinemia also increased the risk of thrombosis in those without this abnormality. We investigated a possible interaction between resistance to activated protein C (factor V Leiden) and hyperhomocysteinemia. Although we found that the risk of thrombosis may be higher in carriers of the mutation who have hyperhomocysteinemia than in noncarriers with hyperhomocysteinemia, the combined effect in our subjects seemed smaller than for factor V Leiden alone. Because of the small numbers involved, the only reasonable conclusion is that the two factors do not potentiate each other.
Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain how hyperhomocysteinemia may lead to venous thrombosis and atherosclerosis. One hypothesis is that homocysteine has a toxic effect on the vascular endothelium and on the clotting cascade.1,2 Several in vitro studies seem to support this view.17,18 However, virtually all these studies used amounts of homocysteine that produced higher-than-physiologic concentrations. Alternatively, hyperhomocysteinemia may reflect abnormal methionine metabolism that affects the methylation of DNA and cell membranes.19
Elevated homocysteine levels may result from low levels of folic acid, vitamin B6, or vitamin B12. Moreover, several genetic alterations in enzymes involved in homocysteine metabolism have been described.20-22 It remains unclear whether hyperhomocysteinemia of different causes entails the same risk of thrombosis. Nevertheless, it is well known that vitamin supplementation lowers homocysteine concentrations in almost all subjects with hyperhomocysteinemia, regardless of the underlying cause.
We conclude that mild hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for deep-vein thrombosis in the general population. The next question to be answered is whether homocysteine-lowering therapy — folic acid, vitamin B6, or vitamin B12 — contributes to the prevention of recurrent venous thrombosis.23-25
Supported by grants from the Prevention Fund of the Netherlands (28-2263-1) and the Netherlands Heart Foundation (89.063).
We are indebted to Mrs. T. Visser, Mrs. A. van Beek, Mrs. M.T.W.B. te Poele-Pothoff, and Mrs. A. de Graaf-Hess for their excellent assistance.
Source Information
From the Department of Hematology, Municipal Hospital Leyenburg, The Hague (M.H., G.M.J.B.); the Departments of Clinical Epidemiology (T.K., J.P.V., F.R.R.) and Hematology (E.B., P.H.R., F.R.R.), University Hospital, Leiden; and the Laboratory of Pediatrics and Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Nijmegen (H.J.B.) — all in the Netherlands.
Address reprint requests to Dr. den Heijer at the Department of Hematology, Municipal Hospital Leyenburg, P.O. Box 40551, 2504 LN The Hague, the Netherlands.
- References
References
1
Ueland PM, Refsum H, Brattström L. Plasma homocysteine and cardiovascular disease. In: Francis RB Jr, ed. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, hemostasis, and endothelial function. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1993:183-236.
2
Rees MM ,Rodgers GM . Homocysteinemia: association of a metabolic disorder with vascular disease and thrombosis. Thromb Res 1993;71:337-359
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline3
Mudd SH ,Skovby F ,Levy HL , et al. The natural history of homocystinuria due to cystathionine β-synthase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet 1985;37:1-31
Web of Science | Medline4
Bienvenu T ,Ankri A ,Chadefaux B ,Kamoun P . Dosage de l'homocystéine plasmatique dans l'exploration des thromboses du sujet jaune. Presse Med 1991;20:985-988
Web of Science | Medline5
Brattstrom L ,Tengborn L ,Lagerstedt C ,Israelsson B ,Hultberg B . Plasma homocysteine in venous thromboembolism. Haemostasis 1991;21:51-57
Medline6
Falcon CR ,Cattaneo M ,Panzeri D ,Martinelli I ,Mannucci PM . High prevalence of hyperhomocyst(e)inemia in patients with juvenile venous thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb 1994;14:1080-1083
CrossRef | Medline7
den Heijer M ,Blom HJ ,Gerrits WBJ , et al. Is hyperhomocysteinaemia a risk factor for recurrent venous thrombosis? Lancet 1995;345:882-885
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline8
Koster T ,Rosendaal FR ,Briet E , et al. Protein C deficiency in a controlled series of unselected outpatients: an infrequent but clear risk factor for venous thrombosis (Leiden Thrombophilia Study). Blood 1995;85:2756-2761
Web of Science | Medline9
Koster T ,Rosendaal FR ,de Ronde H ,Briet E ,Vandenbroucke JP ,Bertina RM . Venous thrombosis due to poor anticoagulant response to activated protein C: Leiden Thrombophilia Study. Lancet 1993;342:1503-1506
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline10
Koster T ,Blann AD ,Briet E ,Vandenbroucke JP ,Rosendaal FR . Role of clotting factor VIII in effect of von Willebrand factor on occurrence of deep-vein thrombosis. Lancet 1995;345:152-155
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline11
Vandenbroucke JP ,Koster T ,Briet E ,Reitsma PH ,Bertina RM ,Rosendaal FR . Increased risk of venous thrombosis in oral-contraceptive users who are carriers of factor V Leiden mutation. Lancet 1994;344:1453-1457
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline12
Bertina RM ,Koeleman BPC ,Koster T , et al. Mutation in blood coagulation factor V associated with resistance to activated protein C. Nature 1994;369:64-67
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline13
Fiskerstrand T ,Refsum H ,Kvalheim G ,Ueland PM . Homocysteine and other thiols in plasma and urine: automated determination and sample stability. Clin Chem 1993;39:263-271
Web of Science | Medline14
te Poele-Pothoff MTWB ,van den Berg M ,Franken DG , et al. Three different methods for the determination of total homocysteine in plasma. Ann Clin Biochem 1995;32:218-220
Web of Science | Medline15
Selhub J ,Jacques PF ,Bostom AG , et al. Association between plasma homocysteine concentrations and extracranial carotid-artery stenosis. N Engl J Med 1995;332:286-291
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline16
Stampfer MJ ,Malinow MR ,Willett WC , et al. A prospective study of plasma homocyst(e)ine and risk of myocardial infarction in US physicians. JAMA 1992;268:877-881
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline17
Rodgers GM ,Kane WH ,Pitas RE . Formation of factor Va by atherosclerotic rabbit aorta mediates factor Xa-catalyzed prothrombin activation. J Clin Invest 1988;81:1911-1919
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline18
Rodgers GM ,Conn MT . Homocysteine, an atherogenic stimulus, reduces protein C activation by arterial and venous endothelial cells. Blood 1990;75:895-901
Web of Science | Medline19
Blom HJ ,van der Molen EF . Pathobiochemical implications of hyperhomocysteinemia. Fibrinolysis 1994;8:Suppl 2:86-87
CrossRef20
Boers GHJ ,Smals AGH ,Trijbels FJM , et al. Heterozygosity for homocystinuria in premature peripheral and cerebral occlusive arterial disease. N Engl J Med 1985;313:709-715
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline21
Engbersen AMT ,Franken DG ,Boers GHJ ,Stevens EMB ,Trijbels FJM ,Blom HJ . Thermolabile 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase as a cause of mild hyperhomocysteinemia. Am J Hum Genet 1995;56:142-150
Web of Science | Medline22
Frosst P ,Blom HJ ,Goyette P , et al. A candidate genetic risk factor for vascular disease: a common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. Nat Genet 1995;10:111-113
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline23
den Heijer M ,Bos GMJ ,Gerrits WBJ ,Blom HJ . Will a decrease of blood homocysteine by vitamin supplementation reduce the risk for vascular disease? Fibrinolysis 1994;8:Suppl 2:91-92
CrossRef24
Stampfer MJ ,Willett WC . Homocysteine and marginal vitamin deficiency: the importance of adequate vitamin intake. JAMA 1993;270:2726-2727
CrossRef | Web of Science | Medline25
Stampfer MJ ,Malinow MR . Can lowering homocysteine levels reduce cardiovascular risk? N Engl J Med 1995;332:328-329
Full Text | Web of Science | Medline
- Citing Articles (332)
Citing Articles
1
Kallur Nava Saraswathy, Mohammad Asghar, Ratika Samtani, Benrithung Murry, Prakash Ranjan Mondal, Pradeep Kumar Ghosh, Mohinder Pal Sachdeva. (2011) Spectrum of MTHFR gene SNPs C677T and A1298C: a study among 23 population groups of India. Molecular Biology Reports
CrossRef2
Xu Wang, Lei Cui, Jacob Joseph, Bingbing Jiang, David Pimentel, Diane E. Handy, Ronglih Liao, Joseph Loscalzo. (2011) Homocysteine induces cardiomyocyte dysfunction and apoptosis through p38 MAPK-mediated increase in oxidant stress. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
CrossRef3
B. Sørensen, J. Ingerslev. (2011) Dynamic APTT Parameters - Applications in Thrombophilia. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasisno-no
CrossRef4
M. Studer, A. Barbaud, F. Truchetet, P.-L. N’guyen, A.-C. Bursztejn, J.-L. Schmutz. (2011) Hyperhomocystéinémie et ulcères de jambes : étude prospective de 68 observations. Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie 138:10, 645-651
CrossRef5
Fleurisca J. Korteweg, Jan Jaap Hm Erwich, Albertus Timmer, Jan van der Meer, Joke M. Ravisẻ, Nic J.G.M. Veeger, Jozien P. Holm. (2011) Evaluation of 1025 fetal deaths: proposed diagnostic workup. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
CrossRef6
Federico Cacciapuoti. (2011) Hyper-homocysteinemia: a novel risk factor or a powerful marker for cardiovascular diseases? Pathogenetic and therapeutical uncertainties. Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis 32:1, 82-88
CrossRef7
Kyle S. Peterson, Robert W. Mendicino, Alan R. Catanzariti, Karl R. Saltrick. (2011) Deep Vein Thrombosis After Bunionectomy: A Case Report of Two Genetic Mutations. The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery
CrossRef8
Deniz Gokalp, Alpaslan Tuzcu, Mithat Bahceci, Orhan Ayyildiz, Murat Yurt, Yusuf Celik, Gulistan Alpagat. (2011) Analysis of thrombophilic genetic mutations in patients with Sheehan`s syndrome: is thrombophilia responsible for the pathogenesis of Sheehan`s syndrome?. Pituitary 14:2, 168-173
CrossRef9
Yunus Nazli, Necmettin Colak, Omer N Aksoy, Omer Cakir. (2011) Thyroid vein thrombosis in a young woman with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene mutation receiving cyproterone acetate/ethinylestradiol treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome: a case report. Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis 22:4, 331-333
CrossRef10
Federico Cacciapuoti. (2011) Some considerations about the hypercoagulable states and their treatments. Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis 22:3, 155-159
CrossRef11
Sarah A. McGarrigle, Sarah O’Neill, Geraldine M. Walsh, Niamh Moran, Ian M. Graham, Marie-Therese Cooney, Ahmad Monavari, Philip Mayne, Patrick Collins. (2011) Integrin α IIb β 3 exists in an activated state in subjects with elevated plasma homocysteine levels. Platelets 22:1, 63-71
CrossRef12
Hany Bedair, Martin Berli, Sefer Gezer, Joshua J. Jacobs, Craig J. Della Valle. (2011) Hematologic Genetic Testing in High-risk Patients Before Knee Arthroplasty: A Pilot Study. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® 469:1, 131-137
CrossRef13
Roman M. Sniecinski, Marcie J. Hursting, Michael J. Paidas, Jerrold H. Levy. (2011) Etiology and Assessment of Hypercoagulability with Lessons from Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia. Anesthesia & Analgesia 112:1, 46-58
CrossRef14
Murat Altuntaş, Figen Atalay, Murat Can, Remzi Altın, Meltem Tor. (2011) Serum Asymmetric Dimethylarginine, Nitrate, Vitamin B12, and Homocysteine Levels in Individuals with Pulmonary Embolism. Mediators of Inflammation 2011, 1-6
CrossRef15
Yusuke Asakura, Hiroki Tsuchiya, Hisatake Mori, Takashi Yano, Yasuhide Kanayama, Hideki Takagi. (2011) Reduction of the incidence of development of venous thromboembolism by ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block in total knee arthroplasty. Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 61:5, 382
CrossRef16
Alenka Trampus-Bakija. (2010) Pediatric thrombosis. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 48:S1, S97-S104
CrossRef17
Hatice Türkeli, Tuncer Çaycı, Emin Özgür Akgül, Enis Macit, Halil Yaman, Ibrahim Aydın, Hilmi Demirin, Hasan Alacam, Esin Özkan, Erdinç Çakır, Özgür Deren, Mehmet Kemal Erbil, Z. Ilker Kunak, Kutlay Burat, Şerif Akman. (2010) Paraoxonase-1 activity determination via paraoxon substrate yields no significant difference in mild hyperhomocysteinemia. International Journal of Cardiology 145:1, 42-43
CrossRef18
M. J. ENGBERS, A. VAN HYLCKAMA VLIEG, F. R. ROSENDAAL. (2010) Venous thrombosis in the elderly: incidence, risk factors and risk groups. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 8:10, 2105-2112
CrossRef19
Robert D. McBane, Alfonso Tafur, Waldemar E. Wysokinski. (2010) Acquired and Congenital Risk Factors associated with Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis. Thrombosis Research 126:2, 81-87
CrossRef20
Gautam V. Kamat, S. C. Metgud, Vishwanath M. Pattanshetti, A. S. Godhi. (2010) A Cross-Sectional Study to Detect the Prevalence of Hyperhomocysteinemia in Cases of Deep Vein Thrombosis. Indian Journal of Surgery 72:4, 323-326
CrossRef21
Marc A. Rodger, Michael Paidas, Lawrence Tsen, Joanne Douglas. 2010. Thrombophilias and Pregnancy. , 101-117.
CrossRef22
Willem M. Lijfering, Frits R. Rosendaal, Suzanne C. Cannegieter. (2010) Risk factors for venous thrombosis - current understanding from an epidemiological point of view. British Journal of Haematology 149:6, 824-833
CrossRef23
Jing Zhao, Wei Zhu, Tao Liu, Jinghua Yang, Genxi Li. (2010) Electrochemical probing into cytochrome c modification with homocysteine-thiolactone. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 397:2, 695-701
CrossRef24
J.A. He, X.H. Hu, Y.Y. Fan, J. Yang, Z.S. Zhang, C.W. Liu, D.H. Yang, J. Zhang, S.J. Xin, Q. Zhang, Z.Q. Duan. (2010) Hyperhomocysteinaemia, Low Folate Concentrations and Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Mutation in Acute Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis. European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 39:4, 508-513
CrossRef25
Fabrizio Piazza, Gloria Galimberti, Elisa Conti, Valeria Isella, Maria V. Perlangeli, Tiziana Speranza, Barbara Borroni, Enrico M. Pogliani, Alessandro Padovani, Carlo Ferrarese. (2010) Increased tissue factor pathway inhibitor and homocysteine in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiology of Aging
CrossRef26
Robert Ritch, Tiago S. Prata, Carlos Gustavo V. de Moraes, Roberto M. Vessani, Vital P. Costa, Anastasios G. P. Konstas, Jeffrey M. Liebmann, Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt. (2010) Association of exfoliation syndrome and central retinal vein occlusion: an ultrastructural analysis. Acta Ophthalmologica 88:1, 91-95
CrossRef27
Pierre-Emmanuel Morange, David-Alexandre Tregouet. (2010) Deciphering the molecular basis of venous thromboembolism: where are we and where should we go?. British Journal of Haematology 148:4, 495-506
CrossRef28
Anita Racz, Zoltan Veresh, Gabor Lotz, Zsolt Bagi, Akos Koller. (2010) Cyclooxygenase-2 derived thromboxane A2 and reactive oxygen species mediate flow-induced constrictions of venules in hyperhomocysteinemia. Atherosclerosis 208:1, 43-49
CrossRef29
H. Ravari, M.R. Zafarghand, D. Alvandfar, S. Saadat. (2009) Serum Homocysteine in Deep Venous Thrombosis, Peripheral Atherosclerosis and Healthy Iranians: A Case-Control Study. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 12:14, 1019-1024
CrossRef30
Hakan Ekmekçi, Özlem Balcı Ekmekçi, Serap Erdine, Hüseyin Sönmez, Yusup Ataev, Zeynep Öztürk, İlknur İşler Bütün, Çiğdem Gürel, Mine Kucur, Nurver Turfaner, Turgut Ulutin, Sevim Purisa, Vural Ali Vural. (2009) Effects of serum homocysteine and adiponectin levels on platelet aggregation in untreated patients with essential hypertension. Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis 28:4, 418-424
CrossRef31
Andreas Weber, Stephanie Krebs, Cosima Lenhardt, Stefan Wagenpfeil, Roland M. Schmid, Ewert Schulte-Frohlinde. (2009) Correlation of routinely used coagulation parameters and presence of portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis. Hepatology Research 39:9, 882-887
CrossRef32
M A Saxonhouse, D J Burchfield. (2009) The evaluation and management of postnatal thromboses. Journal of Perinatology 29:7, 467-478
CrossRef33
Kadim Bayan, Yekta Tüzün, Şerif Yılmaz, Naime Canoruc, Mehmet Dursun. (2009) Analysis of inherited thrombophilic mutations and natural anticoagulant deficiency in patients with idiopathic portal hypertension. Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis 28:1, 57-62
CrossRef34
Richard H. White, Robert C. Gosselin. (2009) Testing for Thrombophilia: Pitfalls, Limitations, and Marginal Impact on Treatment Duration Recommendations. Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine: A Journal of Translational and Personalized Medicine 76:3, 303-313
CrossRef35
W. M. Lijfering, J.-L. P. Brouwer, N. J. G. M. Veeger, I. Bank, M. Coppens, S. Middeldorp, K. Hamulyak, M. H. Prins, H. R. Buller, J. van der Meer. (2009) Selective testing for thrombophilia in patients with first venous thrombosis: results from a retrospective family cohort study on absolute thrombotic risk for currently known thrombophilic defects in 2479 relatives. Blood 113:21, 5314-5322
CrossRef36
Michael A. Thompson, Brent A. Bauer, Laura L. Loehrer, Stephen S. Cha, Jayawant N. Mandrekar, Amit Sood, Dietlind L. Wahner-Roedler. (2009) Dietary Supplement S -Adenosyl-
l -Methionine (AdoMet) Effects on Plasma Homocysteine Levels in Healthy Human Subjects: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 15:5, 523-529
CrossRef37
C. Scazzone, S. Acuto, E. Guglielmini, G. Campisi, A. Bono. (2009) Methionine Synthase Reductase (MTRR) A66G polymorphism is not related to plasma homocysteine concentration and the risk for vascular disease. Experimental and Molecular Pathology 86:2, 131-133
CrossRef38
Patricia Casais, Maria F. Alberto, Maria J. Salviú, Susana S. Meschengieser, Monica Aixalá, Maria A. Lazzari. (2009) Pilot study of homocysteine and cysteine in patients with thrombosis in different vascular sites. Epidemiology and response to folate. Thrombosis Research 123:4, 592-596
CrossRef39
Danny Cohn, Fleur Vansenne, Corianne de Borgie, Saskia Middeldorp, Danny Cohn. 2009. Thrombophilia testing for prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism. .
CrossRef40
Michael Robert Davis, Daniel Huff Shell, Marisa Marques, James Neal Long. (2009) Free flap failure secondary to dual thrombophilia. Microsurgery 29:1, 62-65
CrossRef41
Luis Peidro, Francesc Casals, Isabel Real, Daniel Poggio. (2008) Profilaxis de la trombosis en pacientes con antecedentes de enfermedad tromboembólica tributarios de cirugía ortopédica mayor. Medicina Clínica 131, 25-28
CrossRef42
N. Düzgün, T. Duman, Y. Morris, H. Tutkak, K. Köse, E. Ertuğrul, O. Tiryaki Aydıntuğ. (2008) Thymidylate synthase genotype and serum concentrations of homocysteine and folate in Behçet’s disease. Clinical Rheumatology 27:10, 1221-1225
CrossRef43
Elisabetta Trabetti. (2008) Homocysteine,MTHFR gene polymorphisms, and cardio-cerebrovascular risk. Journal of Applied Genetics 49:3, 267-282
CrossRef44
Mustafa Sirlak, Mehmet Cakici, Mustafa Bahadir Inan, Sadik Eryilmaz, Evren Ustuner, Cetin Atasoy, Bulent Kaya, Umit Ozyurda. (2008) Coexistence of left-sided inferior vena cava, deep vein thrombosis of the upper and lower extremities and prothrombotic polymorphisms in a young patient: a case report. Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis 19:5, 443-445
CrossRef45
Yi-Fei Zhang, Guang Ning. (2008) Mecobalamin. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 17:6, 953-964
CrossRef46
Yusuf Erzin, Hafize Uzun, Aykut Ferhat Celik, Seval Aydin, Ahmet Dirican, Hulya Uzunismail. (2008) Hyperhomocysteinemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Without Past Intestinal Resections. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 42:5, 481-486
CrossRef47
Jun-Dong Chang, Mina Hur, Sang-Soo Lee, Je-Hyun Yoo, Kyu Man Lee. (2008) Genetic Background of Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in the Korean Population. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 466:5, 1041-1046
CrossRef48
Inger Anne Næss, Sverre C. Christiansen, Pål R. Romundstad, Suzanne C. Cannegieter, Henk J. Blom, Frits R. Rosendaal, Jens Hammerstrøm. (2008) Prospective study of homocysteine and MTHFR 677TT genotype and risk for venous thrombosis in a general population – results from the HUNT 2 study. British Journal of Haematology 141:4, 529-535
CrossRef49
Danny Cohn, Fleur Vansenne, Corianne de Borgie, Saskia Middeldorp, Danny Cohn. 2008. Thrombophilia testing for prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism. .
CrossRef50
T.A. Bhat, M.R. Mir, I. Qasim, S.S. Misra, M.A. Kirmani. (2008) Genetic Polymorphism of 5, 10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T in Kashmiri Population. Biotechnology(Faisalabad) 7:4, 822-825
CrossRef51
Judith Maria Leitner, Christine Mannhalter, Bernd Jilma. (2008) Genetic variations and their influence on risk and treatment of venous thrombosis. Pharmacogenomics 9:4, 423-437
CrossRef52
Amira S. Sabbagh, Ziyad Mahfoud, Ali Taher, Ghazi Zaatari, Rose Daher, Rami A.R. Mahfouz. (2008) High Prevalence of MTHFR Gene A1298C Polymorphism in Lebanon. Genetic Testing 12:1, 75-80
CrossRef53
Radovan Malý, Jiří Masopust, Ladislav Hosák, Kateřina Konupčíková. (2008) Assessment of risk of venous thromboembolism and its possible prevention in psychiatric patients. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 62:1, 3-8
CrossRef54
N. A. Goldenberg. (2008) Thrombophilia States and Markers of Coagulation Activation in the Prediction of Pediatric Venous Thromboembolic Outcomes: A Comparative Analysis with Respect to Adult Evidence. Hematology 2008:1, 236-244
CrossRef55
Wook-hyun Lee, Cheol-hong Park, Hoon-yung Ko, Ho-jung An, Soon Seog Kwon, Yong Hyun Kim. (2008) Two Cases of Pulmonary Thromboembolism in Young Patients with Hyperhomocysteinemia. Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 64:6, 460
CrossRef56
Beatriz Merino Rodríguez, Antonio Díaz Sánchez, Ana Matilla Peña, Gerardo Clemente Ricote, Óscar Núñez Martínez. (2008) Trombosis portal aguda en pacientes con hepatitis C crónica en tratamiento con interferón pegilado y ribavirina. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 31:1, 18-21
CrossRef57
George C. Ntaios, Christos G. Savopoulos, Anastasia C. Chatzinikolaou, Georgia D. Kaiafa, Apostolos Hatzitolios. (2008) Vitamins and Stroke. The Neurologist 14:1, 2-4
CrossRef58
Jeong Uk Kim, Hyun Ja Kim, Bo Youl Choi. (2008) Normal Value for Serum Homocysteine and the Prevalence of Hyperhomocysteinemia in a Rural Population. Korean Journal of Epidemiology 30:1, 100
CrossRef59
Dan Liao, Xiaofeng Yang, Hong Wang. (2007) Hyperhomocysteinemia and high-density lipoprotein metabolism in cardiovascular disease. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 45:12, 1652-1659
CrossRef60
Edith Lubos, Joseph Loscalzo, Diane E. Handy. (2007) Homocysteine and Glutathione Peroxidase-1. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling 9:11, 1923-1940
CrossRef61
Y.K. Agrawal, Hitesh Vaidya, Hardik Bhatt, Kuntal Manna, Pathik Brahmkshatriya. (2007) Recent advances in the treatment of thromboembolic diseases: Venous thromboembolism. Medicinal Research Reviews 27:6, 891-914
CrossRef62
M. A. NAZARINIA, E. AFLAKI, Z. HABIBAGHAHI, A. RAJAEE, G. R. OMRANI. (2007) Serum homocystein level and vascular thrombosis in patients with Beh
et disease. APLAR Journal of Rheumatology 10:3, 178-181
CrossRef63
Elaheh Aghdassi, Barbara E. Wendland, Melanie Stapleton, Maitreyi Raman, Johane P. Allard. (2007) Adequacy of Nutritional Intake in a Canadian Population of Patients with Crohn’s Disease. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 107:9, 1575-1580
CrossRef64
Gerald Weinhouse. (2007) It's not all in the genes. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 13:8, 1053-1054
CrossRef65
Minna Huang, Pauline F. Ilsen. (2007) Sectoranopia: A stroke in the lateral geniculate nucleus or optic radiations?. Optometry - Journal of the American Optometric Association 78:7, 356-364
CrossRef66
F. R. ROSENDAAL, A. VAN HYLCKAMA VLIEG, C. J. M. DOGGEN. (2007) Venous thrombosis in the elderly. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 5, 310-317
CrossRef67
Nienke Folkeringa, Jan Leendert P. Brouwer, Fleurisca J. Korteweg, Nic J.G.M. Veeger, Jan Jaap H.M. Erwich, Jan van der Meer. (2007) High risk of pregnancy-related venous thromboembolism in women with multiple thrombophilic defects. British Journal of Haematology 138:1, 110-116
CrossRef68
J. Perła-Kaján, T. Twardowski, H. Jakubowski. (2007) Mechanisms of homocysteine toxicity in humans. Amino Acids 32:4, 561-572
CrossRef69
M. Saadatnia, M. Tajmirriahi. (2007) Hormonal contraceptives as a risk factor for cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 115:5, 295-300
CrossRef70
Martin Heur, Gregory S. Kosmorsky, Neal S. Peachey, Elisa Bala. (2007) Branch retinal artery occlusion associated with compound heterozygous genotype for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. Documenta Ophthalmologica 114:3, 163-168
CrossRef71
Ender Serin, Mustafa Güçlü, F Belgin Ataç, Hasibe Verdi, Fazilet Kayaselçuk, Birol Özer, Banu Bilezikçi, Uğur Yılmaz. (2007) Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Mutation and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 52:5, 1183-1186
CrossRef72
Sami Karoui, Maryam Kallel Sellami, Asma Belkhodja Laatar, Mondher Zitouni, Samira Matri, Lilia Laadhar, Monia Fekih, Jalel Boubaker, Sondes Makni, Azza Filali. (2007) Prevalence of Anticardiolipin and Anti-β2-Glycoprotein I Antibodies in Celiac Disease. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 52:4, 1096-1100
CrossRef73
W. M. LIJFERING, N. J. G. M. VEEGER, J. L. P. BROUWER, M. H. W. VAN DE POEL, J. VAN DER MEER. (2007) Methionine-loading and random homocysteine tests have no added value in risk assessment for venous and arterial thrombosis. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 5:3, 614-616
CrossRef74
Yoshiro Kiyoshige, Shigeo Kure, Kaoru Goto, Masaji Ishii, Junko Kanno, Masahiro Hiratsuka. (2007) Inherited risk factors for deep venous thrombosis following total hip arthroplasty in Japanese patients: matched control study. Journal of Orthopaedic Science 12:2, 118-122
CrossRef75
SM Naushad, Md Nurul Jain Jamal, R Angalena, C Krishna Prasad, A Radha Rama Devi. (2007) Hyperhomocysteinemia and the compound heterozygous state for methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase are independent risk factors for deep vein thrombosis among South Indians. Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis 18:2, 113-117
CrossRef76
Nienke Folkeringa, Jan Leendert P. Brouwer, Fleurisca J. Korteweg, Nic J. G. M. Veeger, Jan Jaap H. M. Erwich, Jozien P. Holm, Jan van der Meer. (2007) Reduction of high fetal loss rate by anticoagulant treatment during pregnancy in antithrombin, protein C or protein S deficient women. British Journal of Haematology 136:4, 656-661
CrossRef77
María Mercedes Castañon, Ana María Lauricella, Lucía Kordich, Irene Quintana. (2007) Plasma homocysteine cutoff values for venous thrombosis. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 45:2, 232-236
CrossRef78
Charles N. Bernstein, Michael Sargent, Hans L. Vos, Frits R. Rosendaal. (2007) Mutations in Clotting Factors and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 102:2, 338-343
CrossRef79
Marios D. Vekris, Maria Ovrenovits, Lefkothea Dova, Alexandros E. Beris, Panayiotis N. Soucacos, Nikolaos Kolaitis, George Vartholomatos. (2007) Free functional muscle transfer failure and thrombophilic gene mutations as a potential risk factor: A case report. Microsurgery 27:2, 88-90
CrossRef80
Ana C. Pereira, Dayse M. Lourenço, Francisco H. Maffei, Vânia M. Morelli, Hamilton A. Rollo, Marco A. Zago, Hélio Vannucchi, Rendrik F. Franco. (2007) A transcobalamin gene polymorphism and the risk of venous thrombosis. The BRATROS (Brazilian Thrombosis Study). Thrombosis Research 119:2, 183-188
CrossRef81
Souheil Omar, Imed Ben Ghorbel, Habib Feki, Malek Souissi, Moncef Feki, Habib Houman, Neziha Kaabachi. (2007) Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities in Tunisian patients. Clinical Biochemistry 40:1-2, 41-45
CrossRef82
Eduard J. Libourel, Min Ki ten Kate, Jan-Leendert P. Brouwer, Nic J.G.M. Veeger, Jan van der Meer. (2007) Contribution of multiple thrombophilic and transient risk factors in the development of cerebral venous thrombosis. Thrombosis Research 121:3, 301-307
CrossRef83
Sergio Siragusa, Alessandra Malato, Valeria Cigna, Raffaela Anastasio, Lucio Lo Coco, Alessandra Casuccio, Marcello Ciaccio. (2007) The risk of recurrent cardiovascular events in patients with increased plasma homocysteine levels is reduced by short but not long-term therapy with folate and B vitamins. Thrombosis Research 121:1, 51-53
CrossRef84
Walter Stefan Speidl, Mariam Nikfardjam, Alexander Niessner, Andrea Zeiner, Nelli Jordanova, Gerlinde Zorn, Gerald Maurer, Wolfgang Schreiber, Johann Wojta, Kurt Huber. (2007) Mild hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with a decreased fibrinolytic activity in patients after ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Thrombosis Research 119:3, 331-336
CrossRef85
Emmanuel Oger, Karine Lacut, Grégoire Le Gal, Francis Couturaud, Jean-Hervé Abalain, Bernard Mercier, Dominique Mottier. (2007) Interrelation of hyperhomocysteinemia and inherited risk factors for venous thromboembolism. Results from the E.D.I.TH. study: A hospital-based case–control study. Thrombosis Research 120:2, 207-214
CrossRef86
John A. Heit. 2007. Thrombophilia: Clinical and Laboratory Assessment and Management. , 211-244.
CrossRef87
Şerif Yılmaz, Kadim Bayan, Yekta Tüzün, Sabri Batun, Abdullah Altıntaş. (2006) A comprehensive analysis of 12 thrombophilic mutations and related parameters in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: data from Turkey. Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis 22:3, 205-212
CrossRef88
Burak Beksa??, Alejandro Gonz??lez Della Valle, Eduardo A Salvati. (2006) Thromboembolic Disease after Total Hip Arthroplasty. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 453, 211-224
CrossRef89
Y. Nadir, R. Hoffman, B. Brenner. (2006) Association of homocysteine, vitamin B12, folic acid, and MTHFR C677T in patients with a thrombotic event or recurrent fetal loss. Annals of Hematology 86:1, 35-40
CrossRef90
Mohsen Kerkeni, Mehdi Tnani, Laurence Chuniaud, Abdelhedi Miled, Khira Maaroufi, François Trivin. (2006) Comparative Study on in Vitro Effects of Homocysteine Thiolactone and Homocysteine on HUVEC Cells: Evidence for a Stronger Proapoptotic and Proinflammative Homocysteine Thiolactone. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 291:1-2, 119-126
CrossRef91
Maria Grazia Andreassi, Nicoletta Botto, Silvia Maffei. (2006) Factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A substitution and hormone therapy: indications for molecular screening testing / Faktor-V-Leiden, Prothrombin G20210A Substitution und Hormontherapie: Indikationen für molekulare Screening Tests. LaboratoriumsMedizin 30:5, 317-325
CrossRef92
J. Rampf, C. Sunderkotter, G. Hirschfeld, K. Scharffetter-Kochanek, J.M. Weiss. (2006) Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism associated with moderate hyperhomocysteinaemia in a patient with livedo vasculopathy: treatment with vitamin supplementation and low molecular weight heparin. British Journal of Dermatology 155:4, 850-852
CrossRef93
Bulent Alioglu, Emel Ozyurek, Aylin Tarcan, F Belgin Atac, Berkan Gurakan, Namik Ozbek. (2006) Heterozygous methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C-T gene mutation with mild hyperhomocysteinemia associated with intrauterine iliofemoral artery thrombosis. Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis 17:6, 495-498
CrossRef94
M COPPENS. (2006) Inherited Thrombophilias. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 33:3, 357-374
CrossRef95
Yusuf Colak, Zeki Karasu, Nevin Oruc, Cenk Can, Zuhal Bal??m, UlusSalih Akarca, Fulya Gunsar, Galip Ersoz, Yaman Tokat, Yucel Batur. (2006) Hyperhomocysteinaemia and factor V Leiden mutation are associated with Budd???Chiari syndrome. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 18:8, 917-920
CrossRef96
Gilbert M. Wilcox, Anthony R. Mattia. (2006) Celiac Sprue, Hyperhomocysteinemia, and MTHFR Gene Variants. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 40:7, 596-601
CrossRef97
Maria Grazia Andreassi, Nicoletta Botto, Silvia Maffei. (2006) Factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A substitution and hormone therapy: indications for molecular screening. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 44:5, 514-521
CrossRef98
Tim K. Tso, Hui-Yu Huang, Chen-Kang Chang, Wen-Nan Huang. (2006) A positive correlation between homocysteine and brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical Rheumatology 25:3, 285-290
CrossRef99
E. OGER, K. LACUT, G. LE GAL, F. COUTURAUD, D. GUENET, J.-H. ABALAIN, A.-M. ROGUEDAS, D. MOTTIER, . (2006) Hyperhomocysteinemia and low B vitamin levels are independently associated with venous thromboembolism: results from the EDITH study: a hospital-based case-control study. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 4:4, 793-799
CrossRef100
Ufuk Sener, Yasar Zorlu, Oguz Karaguzel, Ozlem Ozdamar, Isıl Coker, Murat Topbas. (2006) Effects of common anti-epileptic drug monotherapy on serum levels of homocysteine, Vitamin B12, folic acid and Vitamin B6. Seizure 15:2, 79-85
CrossRef101
R Abraham, M Joseph John, R Calton, J Dhanoa. (2006) Raised serum homocysteine levels in patients of coronary artery disease and the effect of vitamin B12 and folate on its concentration. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry 21:1, 95-100
CrossRef102
R. Castro, I. Rivera, H. J. Blom, C. Jakobs, I. Tavares Almeida. (2006) Homocysteine metabolism, hyperhomocysteinaemia and vascular disease: An overview. Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease 29:1, 3-20
CrossRef103
Anil Pathare, Salam Al Kindi, Hamood Al Haddabi, David Dennison, Riad Bayoumi, S. Muralitharan. (2006) Hereditary thrombophilia in ethnic omani patients. American Journal of Hematology 81:2, 101-106
CrossRef104
Jee-Young Lee, Manho Kim. (2006) Cerebral Venous Thrombosis and Livedo Reticularis in a Case with MTHFR 677TT Homozygote. Journal of Clinical Neurology 2:2, 137
CrossRef105
Sung-Ho Lee, Se-Ho Choi, Jong-Hyun Lee, Kyoung-Youn Seon, Shin-Bae Joo. (2006) A Case of Hyperhomocysteinemia Manifested by Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism. The Korean Journal of Hematology 41:2, 110
CrossRef106
F. Lellouche, I. Dorval, J.M. Corvisier, F. Geffroy, G. Rouaut. (2006) Thromboses artérielles du sujet jeune : ne pas oublier de doser l'homocystéinémie. La Revue de Médecine Interne 27:1, 77-78
CrossRef107
Massimo Franchini, Dino Veneri, Gian Luca Salvagno, Franco Manzato, Giuseppe Lippi. (2006) Inherited Thrombophilia. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences 43:3, 249-290
CrossRef108
A. Assadian, U. Eidher, C. Senekowitsch, O. Assadian, R. Rotter, G.W. Hagmüller, W. Hübl. (2005) Carotid Endarterectomy Under Local Anaesthesia does not Increase Plasma Homocysteine Concentration. European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 30:6, 617-620
CrossRef109
Chien-Nan Lee, Yi-Ning Su, Wen-Fang Cheng, Ming-Tai Lin, Jou-Kou Wang, Mei-Hwan Wu, Fon-Jou Hsieh. (2005) Association of the C677T methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation with congenital heart diseases. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 84:12, 1134-1140
CrossRef110
Eduardo A Salvati, Alejandro Gonz??lez Della Valle, Geoffrey H Westrich, Adam J Rana, Lawrence Specht, Babette B Weksler, Ping Wang, Charles J Glueck. (2005) THE JOHN CHARNLEY AWARD: Heritable Thrombophilia and Development of Thromboembolic Disease after Total Hip Arthroplasty. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 441:&NA;, 40-55
CrossRef111
Elmar Thyzel, Sabine Siegling, Christian Götting, Knut Kleesiek. (2005) Elevated TFPI levels in female hyperhomocysteinemic patients. Clinical Biochemistry 38:11, 1038-1040
CrossRef112
Ciriaco Carru, Angelo Zinellu, Salvatore Sotgia, Roberto Chessa, Franco Piredda, Maria Antonietta Casu, Luca Deiana, Paolo Porcu. (2005) Carotid narrowing degree and plasma thiol levels in carotid endarterectomy patients. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 43:10, 1015-1019
CrossRef113
Olivia Wu, Lindsay Robertson, Sara Twaddle, Gordon Lowe, Peter Clark, Isobel Walker, Ivan Brenkel, Mike Greaves, Peter Langhorne, Lesley Regan, Ian Greer, . (2005) Screening for thrombophilia in high-risk situations: a meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis. British Journal of Haematology 131:1, 80-90
CrossRef114
A. M. DIAZ DE TUESTA, MA. D. R. RIBO, O. BELINCHON, P. J. MARCHENA, MA. J. BRUSCAS, E. VAL, A. CORTES, J. A. NIETO. (2005) Low levels of vitamin B12 and venous thromboembolic disease in elderly men. Journal of Internal Medicine 258:3, 244-249
CrossRef115
Y. Ünlü, S. Keleş, N. Becit, C.U. Koçoğulları, H. Koçak, E. Bakan. (2005) Hyperhomocysteinaemia as a Risk Factor for Deep-vein Thrombosis. European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 30:3, 315-318
CrossRef116
I. PABINGER, R. VORMITTAG. (2005) Thrombophilia and pregnancy outcomes. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 3:8, 1603-1610
CrossRef117
G. DI MINNO, P. M. MANNUCCI, A. TUFANO, G. PALARETI, M. MOIA, U. BACCAGLINI, G. RUDELLI, G. A. GIUDICI, . (2005) The first ambulatory screening on thromboembolism: a multicentre, cross-sectional, observational study on risk factors for venous thromboembolism. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 3:7, 1459-1466
CrossRef118
Rajaventhan SriRajaskanthan, Mark Winter, Andrew F. Muller. (2005) Venous thrombosis in inflammatory bowel disease. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 17:7, 697-700
CrossRef119
Asif Mahmood, Jane Needham, Jeanne Prosser, Jason Mainwaring, Tim Trebble, Gillian Mahy, John Ramage. (2005) Prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia, activated protein C resistance and prothrombin gene mutation in inflammatory bowel disease. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 17:7, 739-744
CrossRef120
Joan Llevadot, Francisco Blanco Vaca, Francesc González Sastre. (2005) Determinación y utilización de la concentración plasmática de homocisteína en la práctica clínica. Medicina Clínica 124:14, 544-553
CrossRef121
Nicholas M. Brown, Victoria M. Pratt, Arlene Buller, Lisa Pike-Buchanan, Joy B. Redman, Weimin Sun, Rebecca Chen, Beryl Crossley, Matthew J. McGinniss, Franklin Quan, Charles M. Strom. (2005) Detection of 677CT/1298AC ???double variant??? chromosomes: Implications for interpretation of MTHFR genotyping results. Genetics in Medicine 7:4, 278-282
CrossRef122
Deborah H. M. Charles, Andy R. Ness, Doris Campbell, George Davey Smith, Elise Whitley, Marion H. Hall. (2005) Folic acid supplements in pregnancy and birth outcome: re-analysis of a large randomised controlled trial and update of Cochrane review. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 19:2, 112-124
CrossRef123
Eduard J Libourel, Ivan Bank, Nic JGM Veeger, Karly Hamulyàk, Saskia Middeldorp, Martin H Prins, Harry R Büller, Jan van der Meer. (2005) Protein S type III deficiency is no risk factor for venous and arterial thromboembolism in 168 thrombophilic families: a retrospective study. Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis 16:2, 135-140
CrossRef124
José Ignacio Gutiérrez, Flora Pérez, Manuel Tamparillas, José María Grasa, M. Teresa Calvo, Carlos Osuna, Beatriz Sánchez, Manuel Torres. (2005) Polimorfismos en los genes cistationina β-sintasa y metilentetrahidrofolato reductasa como factores de riesgo de enfermedad vascular cerebral. Medicina Clínica 124:8, 281-284
CrossRef125
M. DEN HEIJER, S. LEWINGTON, R. CLARKE. (2005) Homocysteine, MTHFR and risk of venous thrombosis: a meta-analysis of published epidemiological studies. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 3:2, 292-299
CrossRef126
Paolo Ventura, Maria Cristina Rosa, Gianluca Abbati, Stefano Marchini, Elvira Grandone, Patrizia Vergura, Silvia Tremosini, Maria Luisa Zeneroli. (2005) Hyperhomocysteinaemia in chronic liver diseases: role of disease stage, vitamin status and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genetics. Liver International 25:1, 49-56
CrossRef127
C.P.J. Witsenburg, F.R. Rosendaal, J.M. Middeldorp, F.J.M. Van der Meer, S.A. Scherjon. (2005) Factor VIII levels and the risk of pre-eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, pregnancy related hypertension and severe intrauterine growth retardation. Thrombosis Research 115:5, 387-392
CrossRef128
Olivia Wu. (2005) Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy and venous thromboembolism. Gender Medicine 2, S18-S27
CrossRef129
Aşkın Ateş, Olcay Aydıntuğ, Ümit Ölmez, Nurşen Düzgün, Murat Duman. (2005) Serum homocysteine level is higher in Behçet’s disease with vascular involvement. Rheumatology International 25:1, 42-44
CrossRef130
Teresa M. Seccia, Gian Paolo Rossi. (2005) Clinical Use and Pathogenetic Basis of Laboratory Tests for the Evaluation of Primary Arterial Hypertension. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences 42:5-6, 393-452
CrossRef131
Moncef Feki, Habib Houman, Mehdi Ghannouchi, Monia Smiti-Khanfir, Kamel Hamzaoui, Leila El Matri, Abderraouf Mebazaa, Neziha Kaabachi. (2004) Hyperhomocysteinaemia is associated with uveitis but not with deep venous thrombosis in Behçet's disease. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 42:12, 1417-1423
CrossRef132
Michael J. R. Edmonds, Timothy J. H. Crichton, William B. Runciman, Malcolm Pradhan. (2004) Evidence-based risk factors for postoperative deep vein thrombosis. ANZ Journal of Surgery 74:12, 1082-1097
CrossRef133
(2004) Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Men and Women. New England Journal of Medicine 351:19, 2015-2018
Full Text134
M. J
CrossRef135
M. A. Gassull. (2004) The role of nutrition in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 20:s4, 79-83
CrossRef136
Silvana C. Romerio, Lilly Linder, Jürg Nyfeler, Markus Wenk, Piotr Litynsky, Reto Asmis, Walter E. Haefeli. (2004) Acute hyperhomocysteinemia decreases NO bioavailability in healthy adults. Atherosclerosis 176:2, 337-344
CrossRef137
Alex Costea, Geetha Bhat. (2004) Hyperhomocysteinemia and deep vein thrombosis in orthotopic heart transplantation: A case report. American Journal of Hematology 77:2, 161-163
CrossRef138
Jody L. Kujovich. (2004) Thrombophilia and pregnancy complications. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 191:2, 412-424
CrossRef139
Richard M Lee, Melissa A Brown, Kenneth Ward, Lesa Nelson, D.Ware Branch, Robert M Silver. (2004) Homocysteine levels in women with antiphospholipid syndrome and normal fertile controls. Journal of Reproductive Immunology 63:1, 23-30
CrossRef140
Mildred E. Francis, Paul W. Eggers, Thomas H. Hostetter, Josephine P. Briggs. (2004) Association between serum homocysteine and markers of impaired kidney function in adults in the United States. Kidney International 66:1, 303-312
CrossRef141
G. Boncoraglio, M. R. Carriero, L. Chiapparini, E. Ciceri, E. Ciusani, A. Erbetta, E. A. Parati. (2004) Hyperhomocysteinemia and other thrombophilic risk factors in 26 patients with cerebral venous thrombosis. European Journal of Neurology 11:6, 405-409
CrossRef142
David S. Wald, Malcolm Law, Joan K. Morris. (2004) The dose???response relation between serum homocysteine and cardiovascular disease: implications for treatment and screening. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation 11:3, 250-253
CrossRef143
N DOYLE, M MONGA. (2004) Thromboembolic disease in pregnancy. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 31:2, 319-344
CrossRef144
Jody L. Kujovich. (2004) THROMBOPHILIA AND THROMBOTIC PROBLEMS IN RENAL TRANSPLANT PATIENTS. Transplantation 77:7, 959-964
CrossRef145
Guido Arcaro, Cristiano Fava, Roberta Dagradi, Giovanni Faccini, Stefania Gaino, Maurizio Degan, Clara Lechi, Alessandro Lechi, Pietro Minuz. (2004) Acute hyperhomocysteinemia induces a reduction in arterial distensibility and compliance. Journal of Hypertension 22:4, 775-781
CrossRef146
A. Pathare, S. Alkindi, T. Albalushi, R. Bayoumi, D. Dennison, S. Muralitharan. (2004) Heterozygous methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase mutation with mild hyperhomocysteinemia associated with deep vein thrombosis. Clinical and Laboratory Haematology 26:2, 143-146
CrossRef147
Tomoyuki KIDA, Kouzin KAMINO, Mitsuko YAMAMOTO, Daisuke KANAYAMA, Toshihisa TANAKA, Takashi KUDO, Masatoshi TAKEDA. (2004) C677T polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene affects plasma homocysteine level and is a genetic factor of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Psychogeriatrics 4:1, 4-10
CrossRef148
C ABULARRAGE. (2004) Medical factors affecting patency of arteriovenous access. Seminars in Vascular Surgery 17:1, 25-31
CrossRef149
Alexandre C. Pereira, Isolmar Tadeu Schettert, Antônio Alberto F. Morandini Filho, Elvira Maria Guerra-Shinohara, José E. Krieger. (2004) Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) c677t gene variant modulates the homocysteine folate correlation in a mild folate-deficient population. Clinica Chimica Acta 340:1-2, 99-105
CrossRef150
B. C. Tanis, H. J. Blom, D. G. M. Bloemenkamp, M. A. A. J. van den Bosch, A. Algra, Y. van der Graaf, F. R. Rosendaal. (2004) Folate, homocysteine levels, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C T variant, and the risk of myocardial infarction in young women: effect of female hormones on homocysteine levels. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2:1, 35-41
CrossRef151
Josef Finsterer, Astrid Dossenbach-Glaninger, Walter Krugluger, Claudia Stöllberger, Piere Hopmeier. (2004) Risk-Factor Profile in Severe, Generalized, Obliterating Vascular Disease. Southern Medical Journal 97:1, 87-92
CrossRef152
MA Williams, SE Sanchez, C Zhang, V Bazul. (2004) Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 C→T polymorphism and plasma folate in relation to pre-eclampsia risk among Peruvian women. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 15:5, 337-344
CrossRef153
Ashley Irish. (2004) Hypercoagulability in Renal Transplant Recipients. American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs 4:3, 139-149
CrossRef154
Craig A. Solem, Edward V. Loftus, William J. Tremaine, William J. Sandborn. (2004) Venous Thromboembolism in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 99:1, 97-101
CrossRef155
Mark T Cahill, Sandra S Stinnett, Sharon Fekrat. (2003) Meta-analysis of plasma homocysteine, serum folate, serum vitamin B12, and thermolabile MTHFR genotype as risk factors for retinal vascular occlusive disease. American Journal of Ophthalmology 136:6, 1136-1150
CrossRef156
Christoph Wullstein, Guido Woeste, Christina Zapletal, Heiner Trobisch, Wolf O. Bechstein. (2003) Prothrombotic disorders in uremic type-1 diabetics undergoing simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation. Transplantation 76:12, 1691-1695
CrossRef157
Wolfgang Herrmann. (2003) Where Are We Standing in Homocysteine Research?. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 41:11, 1389-1391
CrossRef158
J. David Spence, Christopher Blake, Anthony Landry, Aaron Fenster. (2003) Measurement of Carotid Plaque and Effect of Vitamin Therapy for Total Homocysteine. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 41:11, 1498-1504
CrossRef159
Hans-Ulrich Pauer, Thekla Voigt-Tschirschwitz, Bernd Hinney, Peter Burfeind, Cornelia Wolf, Gunter Emons, Jurgen Neesen. (2003) Analyzes of three common thrombophilic gene mutations in German women with recurrent abortions. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 82:10, 942-947
CrossRef160
J. Michael Lahey, John J. Kearney, Murat Tunc. (2003) Hypercoagulable states and central retinal vein occlusion. Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine 9:5, 385-392
CrossRef161
Eduard Cabr??, Miguel A. Gassull. (2003) Nutritional and metabolic issues in inflammatory bowel disease. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 6:5, 569-576
CrossRef162
A.B. Lawrence de Koning, Geoff H. Werstuck, Ji Zhou, Richard C. Austin. (2003) Hyperhomocysteinemia and its role in the development of atherosclerosis. Clinical Biochemistry 36:6, 431-441
CrossRef163
G Berrut, A Ghali, I Quere, C Ternisien, I Gallois, P.-M Roy, M Marre, P Fressinaud. (2003) La mutation C677T du gène de la 5,10–méthyltétrahydrofolate réductase est associée aux thromboses veineuses idiopathiques. La Revue de Médecine Interne 24:9, 569-576
CrossRef164
Roberto M Vessani, Robert Ritch, Jeffrey M Liebmann, Mark Jofe. (2003) Plasma homocysteine is elevated in patients with exfoliation syndrome. American Journal of Ophthalmology 136:1, 41-46
CrossRef165
Demian F Obregon, Subramanyam N Murthy, Dennis B McNamara, Vivian A Fonseca. (2003) Novel approaches to the treatment of hyperhomocysteinaemia. Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents 13:7, 1023-1035
CrossRef166
J. Blangero, J. T. Williams, L. Almasy. (2003) Novel family-based approaches to genetic risk in thrombosis. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 1:7, 1391-1397
CrossRef167
Alejandro C. Arroliga, Sunder Sandur, Donald W. Jacobsen, Sanjiv Tewari, Masroor Mustafa, Edward J. Mascha, Killian Robinson. (2003) Association between hyperhomocysteinemia and primary pulmonary hypertension. Respiratory Medicine 97:7, 825-829
CrossRef168
Emily Chan, Vivian A. Fonseca. (2003) Management of Hyperhomocysteinemia. Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders 1:2, 159-170
CrossRef169
Erden Erol ??nl??er, Arzu Denizba??. (2003) A pulmonary embolism case presenting with upper abdominal and flank pain. European Journal of Emergency Medicine 10:2, 135-138
CrossRef170
Ian A Greer. (2003) Prevention of venous thromboembolism in pregnancy. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology 16:2, 261-278
CrossRef171
I GREER. (2003) Inherited thrombophilia and venous thromboembolism. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology 17:3, 413-425
CrossRef172
Valerie A. Holmes. (2003) Changes in haemostasis during normal pregnancy: does homocysteine play a role in maintaining homeostasis?. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 62:02, 479-493
CrossRef173
Liam F. Casserly, Laura M. Dember. (2003) Thrombosis in End-Stage Renal Disease. Seminars in Dialysis 16:3, 245-256
CrossRef174
Ian A Greer. (2003) Prevention and management of venous thromboembolism in pregnancy. Clinics in Chest Medicine 24:1, 123-137
CrossRef175
Paolo Carraro. (2003) Guidelines for the Laboratory Investigation of Inherited Thrombophilias. Recommendations for the First Level Clinical Laboratories. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 41:3, 382-391
CrossRef176
Stephanie L Perry, Thomas L Ortel. (2003) Clinical and laboratory evaluation of thrombophilia. Clinics in Chest Medicine 24:1, 153-170
CrossRef177
Albert W. Tsai, Mary Cushman, Michael Y. Tsai, Susan R. Heckbert, Wayne D. Rosamond, Nena Aleksic, N. David Yanez, Bruce M. Psaty, Aaron R. Folsom. (2003) Serum homocysteine, thermolabile variant of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), and venous thromboembolism: Longitudinal investigation of thromboembolism etiology (LITE). American Journal of Hematology 72:3, 192-200
CrossRef178
Elizabeth M. Van Cott, MD, Michael Laposata, MD, PhD. (2003) Algorithms for Hypercoagulation Testing. Laboratory Medicine 34:3, 216-222
CrossRef179
S. Fujimoto, Y. Togane, C. Matsuzaki, S. Yamashina, H. Nakano, J. Yamazaki, G. Yoshino. (2003) Effects of long-term administration of methionine on vascular endothelium in rabbits. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases 13:1, 20-27
CrossRef180
Ray Lee, Eugene P Frenkel. (2003) Hyperhomocysteinemia and thrombosis. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 17:1, 85-102
CrossRef181
Rogier M. Bertina. (2003) Elevated Clotting Factor Levels and Venous Thrombosis. Pathophysiology of Haemostasis and Thrombosis 33:5-6, 395-400
CrossRef182
F. Couturaud, K. Lacut, C. Leroyer, D. Mottier. (2003) Assessment of the Risk and Prophylactic Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism in the Elderly. Pathophysiology of Haemostasis and Thrombosis 33:5-6, 362-365
CrossRef183
S Rosenstingl, M Ruivard, E Melon, A Schaeffer, M Gouault-Heilmann. (2002) Thrombophlébite cérébrale : étude rétrospective de vingt-sept cas. La Revue de Médecine Interne 23:12, 973-982
CrossRef184
James O’Donnell, David J Perry. (2002) Pharmacotherapy of hyperhomocysteinaemia in patients with thrombophilia. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 3:11, 1591-1598
CrossRef185
Angel Caldera, G. William Dec. (2002) Hyperhomocysteinemia and transplant coronary artery disease. Transplantation 74:10, 1359-1364
CrossRef186
Xiao-Mei Li, Ying-Fei Wei, Hong-Ling Hao, Yu-Bin Hao, Li-Shan He, Jing-Dong Li, Bing Mei, Su-Yun Wang, Chao Wang, Jun-Xiang Wang, Jun-Zhen Zhu, Jin-Quan Liang. (2002) Hyperhomocysteinemia and the MTHFR C677T mutation in Budd-Chiari syndrome. American Journal of Hematology 71:1, 11-14
CrossRef187
T. B. Domagala, L. Adamek, E. Nizankowska, M. Sanak, A. Szczeklik. (2002) Mutations C677T and A1298C of the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene and fasting plasma homocysteine levels are not associated with the increased risk of venous thromboembolic disease. Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis 13:5, 423-431
CrossRef188
A Cafolla, F Dragoni, G Girelli, M.E Tosti, A Costante, A.M De Luca, D Funaro, C.S Scott. (2002) Effect of folic acid and vitamin C supplementation on folate status and homocysteine level: a randomised controlled trial in Italian smoker–blood donors. Atherosclerosis 163:1, 105-111
CrossRef189
A Kharchafi, Z Oualim, T Amezyane, F Mahassin, D Ghafir, V Ohayon, M.I Archane. (2002) Maladie de Biermer et thrombose veineuse. À propos de deux observations. La Revue de Médecine Interne 23:6, 563-566
CrossRef190
Martin Weger, Olaf Stanger, Hannes Deutschmann, Werner Temmel, Wilfried Renner, Otto Schmut, Franz Quehenberger, Jürgen Semmelrock, Anton Haas. (2002) Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia, but not methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T mutation, as a risk factor in branch retinal vein occlusion. Ophthalmology 109:6, 1105-1109
CrossRef191
Ellen Ruud, Henrik Holmstr
CrossRef192
Antonella Afeltra, Antonio Amoroso, Anna Paola Mitterhofer, Marta Vadacca, Sara Galluzzo, Ada Francia, Flavia Del Porto, Giuseppe Maria Gandolfo. (2002) The 677C → T mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in epileptic patients affected by systemic lupus erythematosus. Seizure 11:4, 250-254
CrossRef193
V. M. Morelli, D. M. Lourenço, V. D'Almeida, R. F. Franco, F. Miranda, M. A. Zago, M. A. E. Noguti, E. Cruz, J. Kerbauy. (2002) Hyperhomocysteinemia increases the risk of venous thrombosis independent of the C677T mutation of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene in selected Brazilian patients. Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis 13:3, 271-275
CrossRef194
Philippe Hainaut, Carine Jaumotte, David Verhelst, Pierre Wallemacq, Jean-Luc Gala, Edith Lavenne, Michel Heusterspreute, Francis Zech, Maurice Moriau. (2002) Hyperhomocysteinemia and venous thromboembolism: a risk factor more prevalent in the elderly and in idiopathic cases. Thrombosis Research 106:2, 121-125
CrossRef195
Johan R. Meinardi, Saskia Middeldorp, Pieter J. de Kam, Maria M. W. Koopman, Elisabeth C. M. van Pampus, Karly Hamulyak, Martin H. Prins, Harry R. Buller, Jan van der Meer. (2002) The incidence of recurrent venous thromboembolism in carriers of factor V Leiden is related to concomitant thrombophilic disorders. British Journal of Haematology 116:3, 625-631
CrossRef196
Tapan K. Basu, Neelam Makhani, Gary Sedgwick. (2002) Niacin (nicotinic acid) in non-physiological doses causes hyperhomocysteineaemia in Sprague–Dawley rats. British Journal of Nutrition 87:02, 115
CrossRef197
George R. Saade, Claire McLintock. (2002) Inherited thrombophilia and stillbirth. Seminars in Perinatology 26:1, 51-69
CrossRef198
Yoshitaka Nagai, Hiromi Tasaki, Masaharu Miyamoto, Shun-ichi Nihei, Kengo Kobayashi, Kazuhito Yamashita, Masato Tsutsui, Ryouji Kouzuma, Masahiro Okazaki, Yasuhide Nakashima. (2002) Plasma Level of Homocysteine is Inversely-Associated With the Development of Collateral Circulation in Patients With Single-Vessel Coronary Artery Disease. Circulation Journal 66:2, 158-158
CrossRef199
Radovan Hojs, Maksimiljan Gorenjak, Robert Ekart, Benjamin Dvoršak, Breda Pečovnik-Balon. (2002) HOMOCYSTEINE AND VASCULAR ACCESS THROMBOSIS IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS. Renal Failure 24:2, 215-222
CrossRef200
J.Michael Lahey, Murat Tunç, John Kearney, Barbara Modlinski, Howard Koo, Robert N Johnson, Stephen Tanaka. (2002) Laboratory evaluation of hypercoagulable states in patients with central retinal vein occlusion who are less than 56 years of age. Ophthalmology 109:1, 126-131
CrossRef201
Changyi Chen, Scott M Surowiec, Amro H Morsy, Minhui Ma. (2002) Intraperitoneal infusion of homocysteine increases intimal hyperplasia in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. Atherosclerosis 160:1, 103-114
CrossRef202
Marı́a L Iglesias Varela, Yolanda P Adamczuk, Ricardo R Forastiero, Marta E Martinuzzo, Graciela S Cerrato, Gonzalo Pombo, Luis O Carreras. (2001) Major and Potential Prothrombotic Genotypes in a Cohort of Patients With Venous Thromboembolism. Thrombosis Research 104:5, 317-324
CrossRef203
J. R. Meinardi, S. Middeldorp, P. J. de Kam, M. M. W. Koopman, E. C. M. van Pampus, K. Hamulyák, M. H. Prins, H. R. Büller, J. van der Meer. (2001) Risk of venous thromboembolism in carriers of factor V Leiden with a concomitant inherited thrombophilic defect: a retrospective analysis. Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis 12:8, 713-720
CrossRef204
Ryan S. Robetorye, George M. Rodgers. (2001) Update on selected inherited venous thrombotic disorders. American Journal of Hematology 68:4, 256-268
CrossRef205
Karl R. Davis, Helen Pearson, Stuart Moat, James R. Bonham, Richard Donnelly. (2001) Acute hyperhomocysteinaemia affects pulse pressure but not microvascular vasodilator function. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 52:3, 327-332
CrossRef206
Isobel D Walker, M Greaves, F. E Preston. (2001) Investigation and management of heritable thrombophilia. British Journal of Haematology 114:3, 512-528
CrossRef207
Bernhard Kuch, Martin Bobak, Manfred Fobker, Ralf Junker, Arnold von Eckardstein, Michael Marmot, Hans W. Hense. (2001) Associations Between Homocysteine and Coagulation Factors — A Cross-Sectional Study in Two Populations of Central Europe. Thrombosis Research 103:4, 265-273
CrossRef208
Coen D. A. Stehouwer. (2001) Heterogeneity of the Association between Plasma Homocysteine and Atherothrombotic Disease: Insights from Studies of Vascular Structure and Function. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 39:8, 705-709
CrossRef209
Martin den Heijer, Miranda B.A.J. Keijzer. (2001) Hyperhomocysteinemia as a Risk Factor for Venous Thrombosis. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 39:8, 710-713
CrossRef210
I GREER, A THOMSON. (2001) Management of venous thromboembolism in pregnancy. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology 15:4, 583-603
CrossRef211
Michael S. Kramer, Lise Goulet, John Lydon, Louise Seguin, Helen McNamara, Clement Dassa, Robert W. Platt, Moy Fong Chen, Henriette Gauthier, Jacques Genest, Susan Kahn, Michael Libman, Rima Rozen, Andre Masse, Louise Miner, Guylaine Asselin, Alice Benjamin, Julia Klein, Gideon Koren. (2001) Socio-economic disparities in preterm birth: causal pathways and mechanisms. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 15:s2, 104-123
CrossRef212
Xiaobin Wang, Barry Zuckerman, Gary Kaufman, Paul Wise, Maria Hill, Tianhua Niu, Louise Ryan, Di Wu, Xiping Xu. (2001) Molecular epidemiology of preterm delivery: methodology and challenges. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 15:s2, 63-77
CrossRef213
Douglas R. Linfert, Gregory J. Tsongalis. (2001) Coexistence of the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism (C677T) in Patients With the Factor V Leiden or Prothrombin G20210A Polymorphisms. Diagnostic Molecular Pathology 10:2, 111-115
CrossRef214
Tsu-Shiu Hsu, Lung-An Hsu, Chi-Jen Chang, Chien-Feng Sun, Yu-Lin Ko, Chi-Tai Kuo, Cheng-Wen Chiang, Ying-Shiung Lee. (2001) Importance of Hyperhomocysteinemia as a Risk Factor for Venous Thromboembolism in a Taiwanese Population. A Case-Control Study. Thrombosis Research 102:5, 387-395
CrossRef215
Arnon Blum, Khaled Khazim, Marina Gumanovsky, Shay Yeganeh, Subchi Jawabreh, Sacha Lupovitch, Aviva Peleg. (2001) Homocysteine levels in patients with risk factors for atherosclerosis. Clinical Cardiology 24:6, 463-466
CrossRef216
Geoff H. Werstuck, Steven R. Lentz, Sanjana Dayal, Gazi S. Hossain, Sudesh K. Sood, Yuan Y. Shi, Ji Zhou, Nobuyo Maeda, Skaidrite K. Krisans, M. Rene Malinow, Richard C. Austin. (2001) Homocysteine-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress causes dysregulation of the cholesterol and triglyceride biosynthetic pathways. Journal of Clinical Investigation 107:10, 1263-1273
CrossRef217
Philippe Durand, Michel Prost, Nadine Loreau, Suzanne Lussier-Cacan, Denis Blache. (2001) Impaired Homocysteine Metabolism and Atherothrombotic Disease. Laboratory Investigation 81:5, 645-672
CrossRef218
Joseph N. Graziano, John R. Charpie. (2001) Thrombosis in the Intensive Care Unit: Etiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention in Adults and Children. Cardiology in Review 9:3, 173-182
CrossRef219
Angelika de Bree, W.M.Monique Verschuren, Henk J Blom, Adriana de Graaf-Hess, Frans J.M Trijbels, Daan Kromhout. (2001) The homocysteine distribution. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 54:5, 462-469
CrossRef220
Dolores A. Estrada, Henny H. Billett. (2001) Racial variation in fasting and random homocysteine levels. American Journal of Hematology 66:4, 252-256
CrossRef221
Nejat Akar, Ece Akar, Duygu Özel, Gülhis Deda, Tansu Sipahi. (2001) Common Mutations at the Homocysteine Metabolism Pathway and Pediatric Stroke. Thrombosis Research 102:2, 115-120
CrossRef222
P. Merci
CrossRef223
C Ebenbichler. (2001) Hyperhomocysteinemia in bodybuilders taking anabolic steroids. European Journal of Internal Medicine 12:1, 43-47
CrossRef224
Verena Stangl, Christoph Günther, Andres Jarrin, Peter Bramlage, Minoo Moobed, Alexander Staudt, Gert Baumann, Karl Stangl, Stephan B. Felix. (2001) Homocysteine Inhibits TNF-α-Induced Endothelial Adhesion Molecule Expression and Monocyte Adhesion via Nuclear Factor-κB Dependent Pathway. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 280:4, 1093-1100
CrossRef225
Howard H.W. Chan, James D. Douketis, Malgorzata J.M. Nowaczyk. (2001) e Renal Vein Thrombosis, Oral Contraceptive Use, and Hyperhomocysteinemia. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 76:2, 212-214
CrossRef226
H H Chan, J D Douketis, M J Nowaczyk. (2001) Acute renal vein thrombosis, oral contraceptive use, and hyperhomocysteinemia.. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 76:2, 212-214
CrossRef227
(2001) Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger's Disease). New England Journal of Medicine 344:3, 230-231
Full Text228
Mary E. Keebler, Cyrus Souza, Vivian Fonseca. (2001) Diagnosis and treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia. Current Atherosclerosis Reports 3:1, 54-63
CrossRef229
Marco Cattaneo. (2001) Hyperhomocysteinemia and thrombosis. Lipids 36:S1, S13-S26
CrossRef230
R. Junker, Ulrike Nowak-Göttl, M. Fobker. (2001) Der Methylentetrahydrofolat-Reduktase (MTHFR) C677T- Polymorphismus und andere genetische Ursachen der Hyperhomocysteinämie bei venösen Gefäßverschlüssen. The Methyienetetrahydrofolate-reductase (MTHFR) C677T-Polymorphism and Other Genetic Causes of Hyperhomocysteinemia in Venous Thrombosis. LaboratoriumsMedizin 25:7-8, 239-253
CrossRef231
J SOUTO, L ALMASY, M BORRELL, F BLANCOVACA, J MATEO, J SORIA, I COLL, R FELICES, W STONE, J FONTCUBERTA. (2000) Genetic Susceptibility to Thrombosis and Its Relationship to Physiological Risk Factors: The GAIT Study. The American Journal of Human Genetics 67:6, 1452-1459
CrossRef232
Gere Sunder-Plassmann, Wolfgang C Winkelmayer, Manuela Födinger. (2000) Therapeutic potential of total homocysteine-lowering drugs on cardiovascular disease. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 9:11, 2637-2652
CrossRef233
Sandra G. Heil, Karin J.A. Lievers, Godfried H. Boers, Petra Verhoef, Martin den Heijer, Frans J.M. Trijbels, Henk J. Blom. (2000) Betaine-Homocysteine Methyltransferase (BHMT): Genomic Sequencing and Relevance to Hyperhomocysteinemia and Vascular Disease in Humans. Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 71:3, 511-519
CrossRef234
Mojca Božič, Mojca Stegnar, Isabella Fermo, Anka Ritonja, Polona Peternel, Janez Stare, Armando D'Angelo. (2000) Mild Hyperhomocysteinemia and Fibrinolytic Factors in Patients with History of Venous Thromboembolism. Thrombosis Research 100:4, 271-278
CrossRef235
Fausi Rassoul, Volker Richter, Thomas Kuntze, Friedrich-Wilhelm Mohr, Jürgen Geisel, Wolfgang Herrmann. (2000) Genetic polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and coronary artery disease. International Journal of Angiology 9:4, 205-207
CrossRef236
E. F. Molen, B. Verbruggen, I. Novakova, T. K. A. B. Eskes, L. A. H. Monnens, H. J. Blom. (2000) Hyperhomocysteinemia and other thrombotic risk factors in women with placental vasculopathy. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 107:6, 785-791
CrossRef237
A Nguyen. (2000) Prothrombin G20210A polymorphism and thrombophilia.. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 75:6, 595-604
CrossRef238
John C. Wood, Sunita Maheshwari, William E. Hellenbrand. (2000) Pulmonary thrombosis, homocysteinemia, and reperfusion edema in an adolescent. Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions 50:1, 59-62
CrossRef239
T.B. Larsen, B. Nørgaard-Pedersen, J.B. Lundemose, N. Rüdiger, M. Gaustadnes, I. Brandslund. (2000) Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Childhood Thrombosis, and Presence of Genetic Risk Factors for Thrombosis. Thrombosis Research 98:4, 233-239
CrossRef240
Michelle C. McKinley. (2000) Nutritional aspects and possible pathological mechanisms of hyperhomocysteinaemia: an independent risk factor for vascular disease. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 59:02, 221-237
CrossRef241
Andrew K Vine. (2000) Hyperhomocysteinemia: a risk factor for central retinal vein occlusion. American Journal of Ophthalmology 129:5, 640-644
CrossRef242
Hironobu Fujimura, Tomio Kawasaki, Toshiyuki Sakata, Hideo Ariyoshi, Hisao Kato, Morito Monden, Toshiyuki Miyata. (2000) Common C677T Polymorphism in the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Increases the Risk for Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Predisposition of Thrombophilia. Thrombosis Research 98:1, 1-8
CrossRef243
Coen D. Stehouwer. (2000) Clinical Relevance of Hyperhomocysteinaemia in Atherothrombotic Disease. Drugs & Aging 16:4, 251-260
CrossRef244
M. D. McColl, J. Ellison, F. Reid, R. C. Tait, I. D. Walker, I. A. Greer. (2000) Prothrombin 20210 GA, MTHFR C677T mutations in women with venous thromboembolism associated with pregnancy. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 107:4, 565-569
CrossRef245
Jen-Shiou Lin, Ming-Ching Shen, Woei Tsai, Bodo Lin. (2000) The Prevalence of C677T Mutation in the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene and Its Association with Venous Thrombophilia in Taiwanese Chinese. Thrombosis Research 97:3, 89-94
CrossRef246
Daniel Bunout, Argelia Garrido, Myriam Suazo, Ronald Kauffman, Paz Venegas, Pia de la Maza, Margarita Petermann, Sandra Hirsch. (2000) Effects of supplementation with folic acid and antioxidant vitamins on homocysteine levels and LDL oxidation in coronary patients. Nutrition 16:2, 107-110
CrossRef247
Lucio Amitrano, Vincenzo Brancaccio, Maria Anna Guardascione, Maurizio Margaglione, Luigi Iannaccone, Giovanna D'Andrea, Riccardo Marmo, Paul R. Ames, Antonio Balzano. (2000) Inherited coagulation disorders in cirrhotic patients with portal vein thrombosis. Hepatology 31:2, 345-348
CrossRef248
Nejat Akar, Ece Akar, Remin Akçay, Ferit Avcu, Atila Yalcin, Sukru Cin. (2000) Effect Of Metylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase 677 C-T, 1298 A-C, and 1317 T-C on Factor V 1691 Mutation in Turkish Deep Vein Thrombosis Patients. Thrombosis Research 97:3, 163-167
CrossRef249
Niranjan Seshadri, Killian Robinson. (2000) HOMOCYSTEINE, B VITAMINS, AND CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE. Medical Clinics of North America 84:1, 215-237
CrossRef250
A. Hernanz, E. Fernández-Vivancos, R. M. Salazar, F. Arnalich. (2000) Homocysteine and other thiol compounds in ageing. BioFactors 11:1-2, 47-49
CrossRef251
Kailash Prasad. (1999) Homocysteine, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. International Journal of Angiology 8:1, 76-86
CrossRef252
Charles J. Lockwood. (1999) Heritable Coagulopathies in Pregnancy. Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey 54:12, 754
CrossRef253
P. Giordano, B. Coppola, A. Iolascon, M. Micelli, P. Trerotoli, D. Lucia. (1999) Analysis of three genetic polymorphisms as risk factors for thrombosis. International Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Research 29:4, 174-175
CrossRef254
O. Nygard, S. E. Vollset, H. Refsum, L. Brattstrom, P. M. Ueland. (1999) Total homocysteine and cardiovascular disease. Journal of Internal Medicine 246:5, 425-454
CrossRef255
Wai Yee Wong, Tom K.A.B. Eskes, Anne-Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman, Paul H.M. Spauwen, Eric A.P. Steegers, Chris M.G. Thomas, Ben C.J. Hamel, Henk J. Blom, R
CrossRef256
Zeev Blumenfeld, Benjamin Brenner. (1999) Thrombophilia-associated pregnancy wastage. Fertility and Sterility 72:5, 765-774
CrossRef257
Raymond Meleady, Ian Graham. (1999) Plasma Homocysteine As a Cardiovascular Risk Factor: Causal, Consequential, or of No Consequence?. Nutrition Reviews 57:10, 299-305
CrossRef258
Anetta Undas, Teresa Barbara Domagała, Miłosz Jankowski, Andrzej Szczeklik. (1999) Treatment of Hyperhomocysteinemia with Folic Acid and Vitamins B12 and B6 Attenuates Thrombin Generation. Thrombosis Research 95:6, 281-288
CrossRef259
David J. Perry. (1999) Hyperhomocysteinaemia. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology 12:3, 451-477
CrossRef260
Francisco F. Lopez, Joseph D. Sweeney, Abbe J. Blair, William M. Sikov. (1999) Spontaneous venous thrombosis in a young patient with combined factor V Leiden and lupus anticoagulant. American Journal of Hematology 62:1, 58-60
CrossRef261
Anat Loewenstein, Michaela Goldstein, Asher Winder, Moshe Lazar, Amiram Eldor. (1999) Retinal vein occlusion associated with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation. Ophthalmology 106:9, 1817-1820
CrossRef262
Veronique Le Cam-Duchez, Sophie Gandrille, David Tregouet, Martine Alhenc-Gelas, Joseph Emmerich, Jean-Noel Fiessinger, Jeanne-Yvonne Borg, Martine Aiach. (1999) Influence of three potential genetic risk factors for thrombosis in 43 families carrying the factor V Arg 506 to Gln mutation. British Journal of Haematology 106:4, 889-897
CrossRef263
Menno V. Huisman, Frits Rosendaal. (1999) Thrombophilia. Current Opinion in Hematology 6:5, 291-297
CrossRef264
Raj Mani. (1999) Science of measurements in wound healing. Wound Repair and Regeneration 7:5, 330-334
CrossRef265
A. P. GRIGG. (1999) Deep venous thrombosis as the presenting feature in a patient with coeliac disease and homocysteinaemia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine 29:4, 566-567
CrossRef266
T. Antoniadi, T. Hatzis, C. Kroupis, E. Economou-Petersen, M.B. Petersen. (1999) Prevalence of factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, and MTHFR C677T mutations in a Greek population of blood donors. American Journal of Hematology 61:4, 265-267
CrossRef267
M. D. McColl, I. D. Walker, I. A. Greer. (1999) The role of inherited thrombophilia in venous thromboembolism associated with pregnancy. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 106:8, 756-766
CrossRef268
Valerio De Stefano, Bruno Zappacosta, Silvia Persichilli, Elena Rossi, Ida Casorelli, Katia Paciaroni, Patrizia Chiusolo, Antonio Maria Leone, Bruno Giardina, Giuseppe Leone. (1999) Prevalence of mild hyperhomocysteinaemia and association with thrombophilic genotypes (factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A) in Italian patients with venous thromboembolic disease. British Journal of Haematology 106:2, 564-568
CrossRef269
C. P. F. Taylor, J. K. Luckit, D. J. Perry. (1999) Inherited protein C deficiency, protein S deficiency and hyperhomocysteineaemia in a patient with hereditary spherocytosis. Clinical and Laboratory Haematology 21:3, 211-214
CrossRef270
Brian M. Legere, Raed A. Dweik, Alejandro C. Arroliga. (1999) VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT. Clinics in Chest Medicine 20:2, 367-384
CrossRef271
Heinz Gisslinger, Francesco Rodeghiero, Marco Ruggeri, Navide Heis-Vahidi Fard, Christine Mannhalter, Menelaos Papagiannopoulos, Claudia Rintelen, Wolfgang Lalouschek, Paul Knobl, Klaus Lechner, Ingrid Pabinger. (1999) Homocysteine levels in polycythaemia vera and essential thrombocythaemia. British Journal of Haematology 105:2, 551-555
CrossRef272
Carsten Ranke, Hans-Joachim Trappe. (1999) Update Angiologie. Medizinische Klinik 94:5, 251-263
CrossRef273
John Gemery, Scott Reid, Heriberto Pagan-Marin, E. Kent Yucel. (1999) Hyperhomocysteinemia Presenting as Chronic Inferior Vena Caval Thrombosis in an Adolescent
. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 10:5, 565-568
CrossRef274
FR Rosendaal. (1999) Venous thrombosis: a multicausal disease. The Lancet 353:9159, 1167-1173
CrossRef275
Zandra R. Holmes, Lesley Regan, Ian Chilcott, Hannah Cohen. (1999) The C677T MTHFR gene mutation is not predictive of risk for recurrent fetal loss. British Journal of Haematology 105:1, 98-101
CrossRef276
Ian A Greer. (1999) Thrombosis in pregnancy: maternal and fetal issues. The Lancet 353:9160, 1258-1265
CrossRef277
Mark C. Walker, Graeme N. Smith, Sherry L. Perkins, Erin J. Keely, Peter R. Garner. (1999) Changes in homocysteine levels during normal pregnancy. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 180:3, 660-664
CrossRef278
A. M. Cumming, C. R. Shiach. (1999) The investigation and management of inherited thrombophilia. Clinical & Laboratory Haematology 21:2, 77-92
CrossRef279
T. Y. Khong, W. M. Hague. (1999) The placenta in maternal hyperhomocysteinaemia. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 106:3, 273-278
CrossRef280
Leo J. Seman, Judith R. McNamara, Ernst J. Schaefer. (1999) Lipoprotein(a), homocysteine, and remnantlike particles: emerging risk factors. Current Opinion in Cardiology 14:2, 186
CrossRef281
MANUELA FODINGER, GABRIELE WOLFL, GOTTFRIED FISCHER, SUSANNE RASOUL-ROCKENSCHAUB, RAINER SCHMID, WALTER H. HORL, GERE SUNDER-PLASSMANN. (1999) Effect of MTHFR 677C>T on plasma total homocysteine levels in renal graft recipients. Kidney International 55:3, 1072-1080
CrossRef282
René van der Griend, Fred J.L.M. Haas, Douwe H. Biesma, Marinus Duran, Otger J.A.Th. Meuwissen, Jan-Dirk Banga. (1999) Combination of low-dose folic acid and pyridoxine for treatment of hyperhomocysteinaemia in patients with premature arterial disease and their relatives. Atherosclerosis 143:1, 177-183
CrossRef283
Dawna Gilchrist, Ulrike Schwarze, Keith Shields, Linda MacLaren, Peter J. Bridge, Peter H. Byers. (1999) Large kindred with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV due to a point mutation (G571S) in theCOL3A1 gene of type III procollagen: Low risk of pregnancy complications and unexpected longevity in some affected relatives. American Journal of Medical Genetics 82:4, 305-311
CrossRef284
Angel Hernanz, Angeles Plaza, Emilio MartÍn-Mola, Eugenio De Miguel. (1999) Increased plasma levels of homocysteine and other thiol compounds in rheumatoid arthritis women. Clinical Biochemistry 32:1, 65-70
CrossRef285
Anthonie WA Lensing, Paolo Prandoni, Martin H Prins, HR Büller. (1999) Deep-vein thrombosis. The Lancet 353:9151, 479-485
CrossRef286
Leena Niittynen, Maria-Leena Nurminen, Riitta Korpela, Heikki Vapaatalo. (1999) Role of arginine, taurine 4 and homocysteine in cardiovascular diseases. Annals of Medicine 31:5, 318-326
CrossRef287
Michael D. Freedman, Mark Young. (1999) Venous thrombosis: Diagnosis and treatment; new methods and strategies for management. Comprehensive Therapy 25:1, 13-19
CrossRef288
Esther Cardo, M.Antónia Vilaseca, Jaume Campistol, Rafael Artuch, Catrina Colomé, Mercé Pineda. (1999) Evaluation of hyperhomocysteinaemia in children with stroke. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology 3:3, 113-117
CrossRef289
Valder Arruda, William Belangero, Margareth Ozelo, Gislaine Oliveira, Rodrigo Pagnano, Jose Volpon, Joyce Annichino-Bizzacchi. (1999) Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics 19:1, 84-87
CrossRef290
Valder R. Arruda, William D. Belangero, Margareth C. Ozelo, Gislaine B. Oliveira, Rodrigo G. Pagnano, José B. Volpon, Joyce M. Annichino-Bizzacchi. (1999) Inherited Risk Factors for Thrombophilia Among Children with Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics 19:1, 84-87
CrossRef291
Elizabeth M. Van Cott, Michael Laposata. (1998) LABORATORY EVALUATION OF HYPERCOAGULABLE STATES. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 12:6, 1141-1166
CrossRef292
Ellis J. Neufeld. (1998) UPDATE ON GENETIC RISK FACTORS FOR THROMBOSIS AND ATHEROSCLEROTIC VASCULAR DISEASE. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 12:6, 1193-1209
CrossRef293
Donald G. Weir, John M. Scott. (1998) Homocysteine as a risk factor for cardiovascular and related disease: nutritional implications. Nutrition Research Reviews 11:02, 311
CrossRef294
Jacqueline Zittoun, Carole Tonetti, Dominique Bories, Jean-Michel Pignon, Michel Tulliez. (1998) Plasma homocysteine levels related to interactions between folate status and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase: A study in 52 healthy subjects. Metabolism 47:11, 1413-1418
CrossRef295
Elvira Grandone, Maurizio Margaglione, Donatella Colaizzo, Giovanna D’Andrea, Giuseppe Cappucci, Vincenzo Brancaccio, Giovanni Di Minno. (1998) Genetic susceptibility to pregnancy-related venous thromboembolism: Roles of factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T mutations. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 179:5, 1324-1328
CrossRef296
N. Akar, E. Akar, M. Misirlioğlu, F. Avcu, A. Yalçin, Ş. Cin. (1998) Search for Genetic Factors Favoring Thrombosis in Turkish Population. Thrombosis Research 92:2, 79-82
CrossRef297
B.J. Verhoeff, M.D. Trip, M.H. Prins, J.J.P. Kastelein, P.H. Reitsma. (1998) The effect of a common methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation on levels of homocysteine, folate, vitamin B12 and on the risk of premature atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 141:1, 161-166
CrossRef298
Karen Brown, Roger Luddington, Trevor Baglin. (1998) Effect of the MTHFRC677T variant on risk of venous thromboembolism: interaction with factor V Leiden and prothrombin (F2G20210A) mutations. British Journal of Haematology 103:1, 42-44
CrossRef299
Howard A. Liebman, Nader Kashani, Douglas Sutherland, William McGehee, Lori Kam. (1998) The factor V Leiden mutation increases the risk of venous thrombosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 115:4, 830-834
CrossRef300
JACOB SELHUB, ARMANDO D'ANGELO. (1998) Relationship Between Homocysteine and Thrombotic Disease. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences 316:2, 129-141
CrossRef301
Monica Nordström, Thomas Kjellström. (1998) Age and cystathionine β-synthase activity in cultured fibroblasts from patients with arterial and venous vascular disease. Atherosclerosis 139:2, 231-236
CrossRef302
Valder R. Arruda, Lucia H. Siqueira, Marilda S. Gon
CrossRef303
Goldhaber, Samuel Z., . (1998) Pulmonary Embolism. New England Journal of Medicine 339:2, 93-104
Full Text304
Epstein, Franklin H., , Welch, George N., Loscalzo, Joseph, . (1998) Homocysteine and Atherothrombosis. New England Journal of Medicine 338:15, 1042-1050
Full Text305
Joanna Girling, Michael de Swiet. (1998) Inherited thrombophilia and pregnancy. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynaecology 10:2, 135-144
CrossRef306
M. Weih, S. Mehraein, J. M. Valdueza, K. M. Einhäupl, B. Vetter, A. E. Kulozik, S. Ziemer, J. Koscielny. (1998) Increased rate of factor V Leiden mutation in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis. Journal of Neurology 245:3, 149-152
CrossRef307
J. Townend, J. O'Sullivan, J.T. Wilde. (1998) Hyperhomocysteinaemia and vascular disease. Blood Reviews 12:1, 23-34
CrossRef308
Petra Verhoef, Meir J. Stampfer, Eric B. Rimm. (1998) Folate and coronary heart disease. Current Opinion in Lipidology 9:1, 17-22
CrossRef309
H. Refsum, MD, P. M. Ueland, MD, O. Nygård, MD, S. E. Vollset, MD, Dr.PH. (1998) HOMOCYSTEINE AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. Annual Review of Medicine 49:1, 31-62
CrossRef310
I. Quéréé, J.F. Chassé, E. Dupuy, E. Bellet, P. Molho-Sabatier, G. Tobelem, C. Janbon. (1998) Homocysteine, 5,10-méthylénetétrahydrofolate reductase et thrombose veineuse profonde. Enquête auprès de 120 patients en médecine interne. La Revue de Médecine Interne 19:1, 29-33
CrossRef311
Reinhardt, Sigusch, Vogt, Farker, Muller, Hoffmann. (1998) Absence of association between a common mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene and the risk of coronary artery disease. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 28:1, 20-23
CrossRef312
Isabelle Quere, Hélène Bellet, Méderic Hoffet, Charles Janbon, Pierre Mares, Jean-Christophe Gris. (1998) A woman with five consecutive fetal deaths: Case report and retrospective analysis of hyperhomocysteinemia prevalence in 100 consecutive women with recurrent miscarriages. Fertility and Sterility 69:1, 152-154
CrossRef313
Gerald K James, Michael W Jones, Morris R Pudek. (1997) Homocyst(e)ine Levels in Patients on Phenytoin Therapy. Clinical Biochemistry 30:8, 647-649
CrossRef314
M. Cattaneo. (1997) Hyperhomocysteinemia: A risk factor for arterial and venous thrombotic disease. International Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Research 27:2-4, 139-144
CrossRef315
Jeffrey L Anderson, Gretchen J King, Matthew J Thomson, Michael Todd, Tami L Bair, Joseph B Muhlestein, John.F Carlquist. (1997) A Mutation in the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Is Not Associated With Increased Risk for Coronary Artery Disease or Myocardial Infarction. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 30:5, 1206-1211
CrossRef316
Leo A.J. Kluijtmans, Godfried H.J. Boers, Frans J.M. Trijbels, Henriëtte M.A. van Lith-Zanders, Lambert P.W.J. van den Heuvel, Henk J. Blom. (1997) A Common 844INS68 Insertion Variant in the Cystathionine β-Synthase Gene. Biochemical and Molecular Medicine 62:1, 23-25
CrossRef317
I. Quéré, D. Hillaire-Buys, C. Brunschwig, J. Chapal, C. Janbon, J. P. Blayac, P. Petit, M. M. Loubatières-Mariani. (1997) Effects of homocysteine on acetylcholine- and adenosine-induced vasodilatation of pancreatic vascular bed in rats. British Journal of Pharmacology 122:2, 351-357
CrossRef318
Patricia E Houston, MS, Sohail Rana, MD, Sudhir Sekhsaria, MD, Elliott Perlin, MD, Kyung Sook Kim, PhD, Oswaldo L Castro, MD. (1997) Homocysteine in Sickle Cell Disease. The American Journal of Medicine 103:3, 192-196
CrossRef319
Manuela Födinger, Christine Mannhalter, Gabriele Wölfl, Ingrid Pabinger, Eva Müller, Rainer Schmid, Walter H Hörl, Gere Sunder-Plassmann. (1997) Mutation (677 C to T) in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene aggravates hyperhomocysteinemia in hemodialysis patients. Kidney International 52:2, 517-523
CrossRef320
Steven R Lentz. (1997) HOMOCYSTEINE AND VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION. Life Sciences 61:13, 1205-1215
CrossRef321
Nygård, Ottar, Nordrehaug, Jan Erik, Refsum, Helga, Ueland, Per Magne, Farstad, Mikael, Vollset, Stein Emil, . (1997) Plasma Homocysteine Levels and Mortality in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. New England Journal of Medicine 337:4, 230-237
Full Text322
Janet R. Maurer, Sanjiv Tewari. (1997) NONPULMONARY MEDICAL COMPLICATIONS IN THE INTERMEDIATE AND LONG-TERM SURVIVOR. Clinics in Chest Medicine 18:2, 367-382
CrossRef323
Harland Austin, W. Craig Hooper, Anne Dilley, Carey Drews, Mary Renshaw, Dorothy Ellingsen, Bruce Evatt. (1997) THE PREVALENCE OF TWO GENETIC TRAITS RELATED TO VENOUS THROMBOSIS IN WHITES AND AFRICAN-AMERICANS. Thrombosis Research 86:5, 409-415
CrossRef324
Steven E.S. Miner, Jovan Evrovski, David E.C. Cole. (1997) Clinical chemistry and molecular biology of homocysteine metabolism: An update. Clinical Biochemistry 30:3, 189-201
CrossRef325
Robert D. Cullom, Mary Ellen Cullom. (1997) Reply. Survey of Ophthalmology 41:5, 430-431
CrossRef326
Scott R. Florell, George M. Rodgers. (1997) Inherited thrombotic disorders: An update. American Journal of Hematology 54:1, 53-60
CrossRef327
(1997) REVIEW. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 35:7, 501-516
CrossRef328
John V. L. Sheffield, Eric B. Larson. (1996) General internal medicine update. Journal of General Internal Medicine 11:10, 613-621
CrossRef329
(1996) Hyperhomocysteinemia as a Risk Factor for Deep-Vein Thrombosis. New England Journal of Medicine 335:13, 974-976
Full Text330
Fangyu Peng, Douglas Triplett, Linda Barna, Daryl Morrical. (1996) PULMONARY EMBOLISM AND PREMATURE LABOR IN A PATIENT WITH BOTH FACTOR V LEIDEN MUTATION AND METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE GENE C677T MUTATION. Thrombosis Research 83:3, 243-251
CrossRef331
(1996) Thrombophilia, Homocystinuria, and Mutation of the Factor V Gene. New England Journal of Medicine 335:4, 289-290
Full Text332
Welch, H. Gilbert, . (1996) Questions about the Value of Early Intervention. New England Journal of Medicine 334:22, 1472-1473
Full Text
- Letters
