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Magnesium Sulfate for the Prevention of Cerebral Palsy
In women at imminent risk for delivery between 24 and 31 weeks of gestation, magnesium sulfate did not significantly reduce the primary composite outcome of moderate or severe cerebral palsy or death. However, it did result in a reduced rate of cerebral palsy among survivors.
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Bortezomib plus Melphalan and Prednisone for Initial Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
The combination of bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone appears to be effective as initial treatment in patients with multiple myeloma who cannot withstand high-dose therapy.
CME Exam
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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Obesity in WAGR Syndrome
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) haploinsufficiency was linked to childhood-onset obesity and reduced levels of serum BDNF, suggesting a role of BDNF in energy homeostasis.
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Telmisartan to Prevent Recurrent Stroke and Cardiovascular Events
Patients who had recently had an ischemic stroke were randomly assigned to receive either telmisartan or placebo. At a mean follow-up of 2.5 years, there was no significant difference between the two study groups in the rates of recurrent stroke or major cardiovascular events.
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 August 27, 2008 (DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0804593), in Print September 18, 2008 |
Aspirin and Extended-Release Dipyridamole vs. Clopidogrel for Recurrent Stroke
Aspirin plus extended-release dipyridamole was found to have an efficacy similar to that of clopidogrel in the prevention of recurrent stroke. However, aspirin plus dipyridamole resulted in more bleeding, including intracranial bleeding.
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August 27, 2008 (DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0805002), in Print September 18, 2008
Related Editorial: Stroke Prevention — Insights from Incoherence
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TLR3 and Geographic Atrophy in Macular Degeneration
A variant of the toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) provides protection against geographic atrophy, or “dry” age-related macular degeneration, by reducing apoptosis of retinal pigment epithelial cells on exposure to TLR3 ligand.
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| August 27, 2008 (DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0802437), in Print October 2, 2008 |
Acute Bleeding from a Peptic Ulcer
The mortality associated with acute bleeding from a peptic ulcer remains high. This review summarizes the approach to patient triage and risk stratification, the goals of early endoscopy, the options for medical therapy, and the role of surgery and interventional radiology. (View an animation showing endoscopic management of acute bleeding from a peptic ulcer.)
CME Exam
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Mechanisms of Thrombus Formation
This review is an account of recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of thrombus formation, with emphasis on two independent pathways: one involving primarily platelets and the other initiated by tissue factor. (View a video showing thrombus formation.)
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A Man with Abdominal Pain, Nausea, and an Elevated Level of Serum Creatinine
A 64-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain, nausea, and an elevated serum creatinine level. He had a history of recurrent epigastric pain. On admission, the serum creatinine level was 3.5 mg per deciliter.
CME Exam
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Intraocular Neovascularization and Edema
Topical application of inhibitors of growth factor receptors or their signaling pathways protects against choroidal neovascularization, vascular leakage, and retinal edema in mice.
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The AIDS Epidemic — A Progress Report from Mexico City
The presentations at the XVII International AIDS Conference and the meeting’s theme, “universal action now,” reflected the fact that the pandemic continues to rage not only in developing countries, but also in developed countries where it is often overlooked. Dr. Robert Steinbrook reports.
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An HIV Vaccine — Challenges and Prospects
An HIV vaccine has thus far been elusive. Drs. Margaret Johnston and Anthony Fauci remain cautiously optimistic that a substantial increase in our understanding of HIV infection and disease will lead to creative ideas about how to design an effective HIV vaccine.
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Dr. Anthony Fauci discusses the 30-year search for an HIV vaccine, recent setbacks, and prospects for future success. Dr. Fauci is the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD.
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The Power of the Extreme in Elucidating Obesity
Dr. Philippe Froguel and Alexandra Blakemore write that pinning down which particular genes modulate the risk of obesity has proved difficult. Most successes come from the study of very severe early-onset disorders — the extreme forms of obesity caused by mutations in single genes.
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Scrotal Cutaneous Side Effects of Sunitinib
Sunitinib was approved in 2006 for the treatment of advanced renal-cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. These authors report on patients who had dermatologic toxic effects in both the scrotal and inguinal areas.
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Antenatal Magnesium Sulfate for Neuroprotection before Preterm Birth?
Treatment of Myeloma — Are We Making Progress?
Initial Treatment of HIV-1 Infection
Treatment of Hypertension in the Elderly
Keratoderma Blennorrhagicum-like Rash Free Full Text
Widespread Amyloid Deposition in Transplanted Human Pancreatic Islets
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