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In a randomized trial, performance of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at hospitals without cardiac surgery on site was noninferior to PCI performed at hospitals with cardiac surgery on site with respect to mortality at 6 weeks and major adverse cardiac events at 9 months.
The Food and Drug Administration has added information to statin labels regarding an effect on diabetes, noting reported increases in glycated hemoglobin and fasting serum glucose levels but adding that it believes that the cardiovascular benefits outweigh the risks.
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PCIs for acute coronary disease are increasingly being performed at centers without on-site surgical backup. This review summarizes the safety and the efficacy of this practice, along with the policy implications, including those for patients undergoing elective procedures.
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A 62-year-old man with chronic renal insufficiency reported having reduced exercise tolerance for the previous week. The physical examination was unremarkable, but oxygen saturation was diminished. An electrocardiogram showed a regular rhythm, with a widened QRS complex in a sine-wave configuration.
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This interactive feature presents the case of a 50-year old woman with a history of breast cancer who presented with fatigue and shortness of breath.
Direct the investigation of the case, test your diagnostic and therapeutic skills, and compare your performance with that of others.

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This review discusses the structural features of the normal and atherosclerotic artery and what were recent findings concerning arterial cell biology.
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Reviewing: J Am Coll Cardiol 2012 Mar 20
Encouraging results with low-dose warfarin throughout pregnancy, but the approach must be validated.
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Reviewing: Ann Emerg Med 2012 Apr
Patient outcomes did not differ at participating and nonparticipating hospitals.
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Perspective
Statins: Is It Really Time to Reassess Benefits and Risks?
No drug provides health benefits without some degree of risk, and risk–benefit assessments require ongoing review as new data become available. This is certainly the case for the use of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors — statins — and the risk of new-onset…
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Review Article
Current Concepts: Percutaneous Coronary Interventions without On-Site Cardiac Surgical Backup
Certification to perform catheter-based interventions for coronary artery disease was originally limited to hospitals that had the capability to perform cardiac surgery on site. However, there has been a progressive worldwide trend to allow percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to be performed…
- CME
Original Article
Outcomes of PCI at Hospitals with or without On-Site Cardiac Surgery
The potential need for emergency cardiac surgery to treat complications related to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) suggests that performance of PCI may be best limited to hospitals with on-site cardiac surgery. Among Grüntzig's first 50 PCI procedures, 10% of patients required emergency…
Original Article
Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Replacement for Inoperable Severe Aortic Stenosis
Symptomatic aortic stenosis, if left untreated, is characterized by a high risk of death.– In the randomized Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves (PARTNER) trial, transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR), as compared with standard therapy, in patients who were not considered to be…
Clinical Implications of Basic Research
The Monocyte in Atherosclerosis — Should I Stay or Should I Go Now?
Generations of evolutionary pressure have honed a human immune system that is well poised to combat infectious challenges. However, the very same system can turn against us when it is activated by certain noxious stimuli, as is the case with cholesterol-laden meals triggering atherosclerosis.…
Original Article
Registry of Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Implantation in High-Risk Patients
Aortic stenosis is now the most frequently diagnosed valvular disease. Surgical aortic-valve replacement is the definitive therapy for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. Operative mortality is low among selected elderly patients but increases with the number and severity of…
Original Article
Two-Year Outcomes after Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic-Valve Replacement
Aortic stenosis is associated with high mortality after the appearance of cardiac symptoms. Nevertheless, many patients do not undergo surgical aortic-valve replacement owing to real or perceived increased risks associated with surgery.– Transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR) has emerged…
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Editorial

Warfarin in Heart Failure
Despite major advances in the management of heart failure with angiotensin-converting–enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers, and resynchronization therapy, there are more than 1 million hospitalizations for heart failure in the United States each year, and mortality remains high. As compared with the…
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Original Article

Warfarin and Aspirin in Patients with Heart Failure and Sinus Rhythm
Chronic heart failure is a major cause of illness and death. Heart failure is associated with a hypercoagulable state, formation of left ventricular thrombus, and cerebral embolism. It is also associated with both sudden death and death resulting from progressive heart failure that may be caused by…
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Editorial
Why We Still Need Randomized Trials to Compare Effectiveness
Over the past 20 years, there have been 12 randomized trials in which the revascularization strategies of coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have been compared, against the background of advances in both fields. Percutaneous treatment of multiple…
Editorial
Current Status of Off-Pump Coronary-Artery Bypass
Until the mid-1990s, coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) was performed with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass with the induction of ischemic cardiac arrest (on-pump). This surgical approach provided excellent exposure in a bloodless field with an arrested heart, allowing for precise performance…
Original Article
Comparative Effectiveness of Revascularization Strategies
The strategies of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) for revascularization have been compared in randomized clinical trials. Although the best way to control for treatment-selection bias is to conduct a randomized trial, such trials often have…
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Original Article
Off-Pump or On-Pump Coronary-Artery Bypass Grafting at 30 Days
Coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) reduces mortality in patients with extensive coronary artery disease. CABG has generally been performed with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (on-pump). With this approach, perioperative mortality is about 2%, with an additional 5 to 7% of patients having…
Original Article
CT Angiography for Safe Discharge of Patients with Possible Acute Coronary Syndromes
Patients who present to the emergency department with signs and symptoms consistent with a possible acute coronary syndrome pose a diagnostic dilemma.– Despite the introduction of clinical decision rules– and the improved sensitivity of cardiac markers,– most patients are admitted to the…
- CME
Original Article
Vorapaxar in the Secondary Prevention of Atherothrombotic Events
Platelets play a central role in atherothrombosis and are an important target for pharmacotherapy. In patients with acute coronary syndromes, the use of potent platelet inhibitors has been shown to reduce the rate of thrombotic events at the cost of increased bleeding.– In contrast, among…
Clinical Practice
Glycemic Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Foreword. This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the author's clinical recommendations. Stage. A 39-year-old…
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Original Article
Suicide and Cardiovascular Death after a Cancer Diagnosis
A large body of evidence suggests high levels of distress and psychiatric symptoms among patients who receive a diagnosis of cancer.– Patients with cancer have been shown to be at increased risk for suicide– and cardiovascular events.– However, most results have been interpreted to be…
Original Article
Oral Rivaroxaban for the Treatment of Symptomatic Pulmonary Embolism
Pulmonary embolism is a common disease, with an estimated annual incidence of 70 cases per 100,000 population. The condition usually leads to hospitalization and may recur; it can be fatal. For half a century, the standard therapy for most patients with pulmonary embolism has been the…









